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Great Korean Railway Journeys - Season 1 Episode 5 -
Gwangju to Jeju
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Gwangju to Jeju
tele: https://t.me/TopFilmUSA1
#film#shows#usa#usashows#hot#filmhot
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00:01South Korea by rail.
00:04These trains are capable of more than 200 MPH.
00:08The opportunity to explore one of the world's most successful countries.
00:13Amidst towering skyscrapers in gleaming megacities.
00:18An architectural statement.
00:21I'll ride the wave of Korean culture sweeping the West.
00:25It's got this very spicy sauce.
00:27And encounter ancient civilizations and traditions.
00:32On a peninsula divided by war.
00:35Along a border between capitalism and communism.
00:39The sense of tension here is powerful.
00:42I'll see how out of destruction and partition.
00:46South Koreans have forged an impressive new identity.
01:03The ATX Fanshawe train.
01:06Number 427.
01:08Departing towards Bukul.
01:10At 1825.
01:11It's now approaching.
01:13515.
01:13The ATX Fanshawe train.
01:14Please leave behind the Yacht.
01:16Stay behind the Yacht.
01:17Stay behind the Yacht.
01:17Stay behind.
01:30My Korean excursion, which began at the frontier with the north, is nearing its end in the
01:36south of the peninsula.
01:40My impression of Korea from the train window is that it's in two parts, city and mountain.
01:47And the trains cut through the mountains in tunnels and on viaducts.
01:53It's an amazing achievement of civil engineering.
01:56But the tunnels are very frequent and they're very long.
02:00So don't expect to get many glimpses of spectacular Korean countryside from the train.
02:12Starting at the demilitarized zone between North and South Korea, my first stop was the
02:17dynamic capital of Seoul.
02:19I visited Daejeon, an historic Gyeongju, before exploring the southern port of Busan.
02:26From Jeonju in the west, I'll travel to the city of Gwangju, synonymous with Korea's fight
02:32for democracy.
02:33And I'll finish on the subtropical volcanic island of Jeju.
02:41This morning, my high-speed KTX train, travelling at almost 200 miles per hour, has brought me
02:48to Gwangju, the country's sixth largest city with a population of one and a half million.
02:55The transport hub of the southwest, on the river Yong, in the centre of North Juella province,
03:01it lies at the foot of Mount Mudung, almost 4,000 feet above.
03:14In the rural area of Gwangju, around 8 miles out of the city, I've come to discover a passion
03:21that is integral to this nation's culture.
03:26One food could be said to be the most characteristic of Korea.
03:31They'd been making it for more than 3,000 years.
03:34In the cold winters of the peninsula, people had no access to fresh food.
03:40And they staved off starvation by, in the autumn, fermenting vegetables that were then stored.
03:48It's called kimchi. And today, it appears at breakfast, lunch and dinner.
03:57South Koreans eat around 2 million tonnes of the spicy dish every year.
04:03And over the past decade, it's become increasingly popular around the world.
04:07At her village restaurant, kimchi expert Ran Lim is going to share her recipe with me.
04:14Mrs Lim, hello.
04:16Hello.
04:17What a pleasure to meet you.
04:20I understand that you are a sort of champion of kimchi making.
04:25In the 2023s, we went to the Dekton kimchi competition,
04:29and we received the Dekton kimchi competition.
04:35Fantastic. Now, tell me about some of the things we have here, please.
04:55Oh, lovely ingredients. Beautiful. Aren't they beautiful?
05:02You know, food and cinnamon.
05:06You know, you know, the food and the butter.
05:09You know, in the winter, I usually do a lot of beans.
05:14You know, you know, we have completely.
05:15We come to the back and check it out.
05:20You know, it's always a good thing.
05:22What you know, this thing about the dough to be with your face.
05:26The dough has mine in theirring.
05:29You know, it's something that you'll put in.
05:31You know, you know, you know, it's an amazing thing about it.
05:31You know, it's a good thing.
05:31You know, it's really beautiful.
05:31How many people might be gathered together?
05:56Will you show me please how you make the kimchi?
06:12What's in this spicy sauce?
06:17What's in this spicy sauce?
06:17It's a good taste.
06:20You seem to have wonderful vegetables.
06:20This is a good taste.
06:26Lovely smell.
06:28You seem to have wonderful vegetables.
06:32Are all these vegetables from close by?
06:34I put pork in this hot sauce.
06:40I put kimchi into the side.
06:43Here's a mountain island.
06:45Here's the mountain island.
06:47It's called the mother island,
06:48Here's the mountain island.
06:49The mountain island is cold and cold.
06:53It's called the mother island.
07:02Everything is so fresh and so beautiful.
07:08No substitute for the hands, it seems.
07:11And now...
07:14So is that ice...
07:16Yeah, we're spreading that all over there.
07:19Leaf by leaf, yeah.
07:23How did you learn to make kimchi?
07:48Oh.
07:52Mmm.
07:54It's very good.
08:03It's got this very spicy sauce.
08:08It's really lovely.
08:10It's so good.
08:12Congratulations.
08:14Your family and your friends are very lucky.
08:37Here in the centre of the city,
08:39there is a dark chapter in South Korea's history.
08:44Here in the centre of the city,
08:46May 18th Memorial Park was opened in 1998 to honour the people who fought for the nation's freedom.
09:02Since the division of the peninsula into South and North, the Republic of Korea has been a beacon of capitalism,
09:10but not always of democracy.
09:13During the 1960s and 70s, there were military coups, the imposition of martial law and the suspension of basic civil
09:24liberties.
09:25Here in Guangzhou, in response in 1980, first students and then other citizens began to demonstrate demanding freedom.
09:34And that uprising was crushed with many people killed.
09:40But that violent reaction is now seen as a key moment in the recovery of democracy.
09:46Because it was a national disgrace never to be repeated.
09:53Army General Chun Doo-hwan led a military coup and declared martial law in April 1980.
10:01People took to the streets, calling for democratic elections, and Guangzhou became the centre of the protests.
10:08I'm meeting former chairman of the Bereave Families Association, Suman Chong.
10:14Hello.
10:16We meet in front of this very emotive monument to the victims of the uprising of 1980.
10:22Please tell me about your connection to those events.
10:29In May 1980, during the Guangzhou Democratic Uprising, my younger brother was arrested by the martial law troops and killed.
10:38Arriving in downtown Guangzhou with a group of people to hold a memorial service, I was also arrested and detained.
10:47On the 18th of May, around 600 students, demonstrating against the suppression of academic freedom, were met with tear gas,
10:55batons and live ammunition.
10:57Others joined them and an estimated quarter of a million people took to the streets demanding an end to military
11:05rule.
11:05How was your brother killed?
11:09After being arrested by the martial law troops, my younger brother was beaten and collapsed in front of the provincial
11:15government building on May 20th.
11:18He was transported to a military base and he passed away.
11:24After nine days, army tanks moved in to crush the rebellion with brute force.
11:29Official government figures estimate that 165 civilians were killed, but those involved believe it was closer to 2,000.
11:40At that time, all roads from Guangzhou to other cities were blocked.
11:45All means of communication were cut off, including newspapers, TV and radio.
11:50The government at the time concealed the atrocities committed by the martial law troops against the people.
11:57However, over time, people came to learn about Guangzhou.
12:04Over the following decade, the pro-democracy movement continued to grow nationwide.
12:10And in 1993, South Koreans elected Kim Yong-sam, their first civilian president in more than three decades.
12:18As you look back on it now, what role do you think the uprising has played in the history of
12:26modern Korea?
12:28Korean democracy is rooted in the blood shed by the citizens of Guangzhou during the May 18th democratic uprising.
12:37I believe the people have a much higher level of democratic awareness than the politicians.
12:46That democratic spirit was tested in 2024 when President Yoon Suk-yeol suddenly declared martial law,
12:54a move that was dramatically thwarted by parliament a few hours later.
13:01As someone who experienced May 18th, I believe that this recent martial law would never succeed.
13:08You were right, it did not succeed.
13:13Today's Korean people would never accept a coup.
13:20More than 700 people who lost their lives in the protests are buried here in the Park Cemetery.
13:28May 18th is a national day of commemoration to honour those who took part in the uprising,
13:33and they're remembered inside this monument.
13:40Mr. John, how many names do you think there are here, and will you please show me the ones that
13:46are of most importance to you?
13:48Mr. John, how many names of diplomacy.
13:56Why do you proclaim populism?
13:57Mr. John wise thanks to me here in many major sûretika wojew pessoas.
14:05Mr. 문 Imagine.
14:06Everybody agrees with this,
14:11Mr. Johnny Naiman.
14:12Mr.еть cases here 저기,
14:18Mr. في J款 how long after appearance ,
14:25How long were you in prison?
14:29It must be a very moving experience for you to come to this beautiful monument.
14:54Mr. Zhang, it's been a great honor to meet you.
14:57You fought for freedom and to honor the memory of your brother.
15:18My tour has taken me the length and breadth of South Korea by rail.
15:23This morning, on the final leg of my journey, at the far south of the peninsula,
15:28I'll set sail from Wondo to Jeju, one of more than 3,000 islands scattered around the coast.
15:40From the ferry terminal, it's a two-and-a-half-hour trip across the East China Sea.
16:00I'm very excited to be on my way to Jeju, which is the largest island in Korea.
16:07It was formed two million years ago by an eruption, and that has left a volcano nearly 2,000 metres
16:14high,
16:15making it the tallest mountain in the country.
16:18The island is a bit more than 70 kilometres long, about 30 kilometres wide,
16:25home to more than 600,000 people, and very popular with Korean holidaymakers
16:32who find it both relaxing and romantic.
16:35For my part, I find volcanoes scary and fascinating.
16:5360 miles from the mainland, Jeju is dominated by Mount Hala,
16:58Korea's largest volcano in the centre of the island.
17:08To the west of Jeju City Port, on the northern coast,
17:13Hyopje Beach is considered the best on the island.
17:26Although Jeju is very close to the Korean mainland,
17:29there is a subtle change in climate to subtropical,
17:32and that has led to extensive forestation of the slopes of the volcano,
17:37and now there's a lovely network of hiking paths that run through.
17:43Jeju attracts around 15 million tourists,
17:46every year, mostly from within Korea,
17:49but also from China, Taiwan and Japan.
17:52Along its coastline, perfect white sands contrast dramatically
17:57with projections of black volcanic rock.
18:07I'm standing on solidified lava,
18:10and that island is one of the so-called parasite cones
18:14that can be found across and around Jeju.
18:18These are lesser extinct volcanoes known here as Aurum.
18:24The power of the volcano is terrifying.
18:27Lava pours forth at more than 1,000 degrees centigrade,
18:31and it can form underground passageways as it melts the rock on its way.
18:37And when that cataclysm is over, it can leave beautiful caves.
18:44Just behind the beach, Halim Park, covering 25 acres,
18:49is one of the island's most popular sites for visitors.
18:57Beneath its glorious botanical gardens are Hyopje caves,
19:01a South Korean national monument.
19:03I'm going to explore them with Young Moon Jeon,
19:06Professor of Volcanology at Gwangju's Joseon University.
19:12Professor John, my privilege to meet you.
19:14I'm Michael.
19:16Welcome to Korea.
19:18Welcome to Jeju.
19:18Welcome to the very famous cave.
19:21That's fantastic.
19:22I'm really looking forward to this.
19:24This sort of geological wonder is known as a lava tube.
19:29Here is one of the largest on the island,
19:31extending for over 200 meters.
19:34Professor John, I am so amazed, so surprised,
19:37at how big this lava tube is.
19:42200,000 years ago, the hot lava moved this way,
19:45and several days, it slowly, slowly melts
19:48and makes some very huge lava tube.
19:51Two million years ago, the volcano activity starts.
19:55This island is still an active volcano.
19:57Wow.
19:58We seem to have these stalactites.
20:01These cannot be made of volcanic rock.
20:04This rock is not volcanic rocks.
20:06It's a yellowish colour.
20:07It is carbonate.
20:08Yes.
20:09Very special, very strange features.
20:12Normally, lava tube is black colour.
20:14Yeah.
20:15Where did this limestone come from?
20:16Yeah, this is very interesting.
20:18So, near the coast, there are many...
20:21They developed the white beach,
20:23composed of the shell fragments.
20:26Shell fragments moved by the wind,
20:28and then the rainwater dissolves the mineral.
20:32And then they seep into the cave,
20:35make us some new crystal.
20:36Right, and we can see the water still coming through.
20:39Yes, still crystal, still making.
20:40How unusual is this?
20:41It is unique.
20:43Unique?
20:43Yes.
20:44Wow.
20:44The caves are divided in two types,
20:46the limestone cave and the lava tube, simultaneously.
20:49It's very beautiful.
20:51It's fantastic.
20:52Now, how unusual are these lava tubes in the world?
20:56Uh, lava tubes only discovered in the volcanic area,
21:01like Hawaii, Canary Island, and then, uh, Iceland only.
21:06Not too many.
21:07Uh, how many do you have here in Jeju?
21:09Uh, over the 200.
21:12Wow.
21:17Professor, here we have what looks like a pillar.
21:21Yes.
21:22When the lava moves inside the cave, the lava is very hot,
21:26extremely hot.
21:27Yes.
21:27And the ceiling and the bottom part is melting down.
21:30But this part remains.
21:32A tough bit of rock that has survived.
21:35I wanted to ask you about another feature of, um, Jeju.
21:39Um, this thing called Aurum.
21:41Aurum, yeah.
21:42Aurum is the small volcano, is the eruption by just one time.
21:46The Hala mountain is a central volcano.
21:50There are 420 Aurum that scatter all of the Jeju Island.
21:54It is the evidence of the active volcanic eruption again and again.
21:59Are volcanologists like you able to predict
22:02when there could be another eruption?
22:04Yeah, uh, 1,000 years ago,
22:06volcanic activity happened in this island.
22:08But nowadays, we check in the monitoring,
22:10and then lava fluctuation, maybe several hundred years,
22:14will be exploded again.
22:15But now it's the same.
22:16We've no need to worry.
22:17Not today.
22:18Not today.
22:19It's been the most wonderful visit.
22:33Jeju's dramatic landscape and natural beauty
22:36have made it a popular place to visit.
22:39But away from the crowds,
22:41rural life has changed little over the years.
22:43A few miles along the coast,
22:46in the village of Gwidiok,
22:47I've come to discover a traditional community
22:50that's unique to the island.
22:53The henyu, the word means women of the sea,
22:58dive without breathing equipment
23:01to recover seafood from the depths.
23:03They are descended from countless generations of women
23:07who have similarly risked their lives.
23:10As I near the end of my Korean adventure,
23:13I am privileged to meet these fearless women
23:16who are also a precious Korean cultural phenomenon.
23:37I love you, too.
23:40Good morning.
23:45I love you, too.
23:46Good morning, morning, morning.
23:47Hello, hello, hello, hello, hello, hello, hello, hello, hello, hello, hello, hello, hello.
23:52Mm, that's, no, thank you.
23:59Hello, hello, hello, hello.
24:08Henio have made a living and supported their communities,
24:12diving off Jeju's shores for hundreds of years.
24:15How long have you all been doing this?
24:1950 years.
24:2150 years.
24:2250 years, 50 years.
24:2410 years.
24:2710 years.
24:2810 years, 10 years, you're the babies, the newcomers.
24:33And what is it you catch?
24:40Is it dangerous?
24:43Octopus.
24:44Octopus.
24:45Octopus.
24:45No, really.
24:47Huge octopus.
24:48My goodness.
24:52Octopus.
24:54Octopus.
24:58Where are the abalone and the sea creeps?
25:00Are they on rocks?
25:01Are they deep down?
25:03Where do you find them?
25:04Big stone.
25:05Big stone.
25:06Big stone.
25:07The big stones, under the big stones.
25:11So you have to move the big stone.
25:13You have to be strong.
25:15We use this one.
25:17We use this one.
25:18Wow.
25:20Oh, look at that vicious weapon.
25:22How long could you hold your breath?
25:25One, two.
25:26I admire you.
25:27I admire you so much.
25:29You are so brave.
25:31Today, just a few thousand Henyu are keeping the tradition alive.
25:35But at its peak around 60 years ago, over 20,000 women made their living diving here for up to
25:42seven hours a day.
25:44No, no, no, no, no, no.
25:49Why only women?
26:00Before their dives and on their return, the Henyu gather around the campfire of their stone bull talk, or meeting
26:08place, to cook some of their catch and to sing traditional songs.
26:12A quick journey from the sea to the stomach.
26:21Ladies, I will soon leave Korea.
26:25When I'm at home 9,000 kilometers away, I shall think back to my lovely meeting with the Henyu women.
26:33Will you sing a song for me, please?
26:35Today, I can practice some really fun and fun.
26:39One.
26:40My heart meglio is you can play, it's not me.
26:41Let's do this.
26:41Ah, ah, ah, ah, yeah.
26:48Enang, oh, yeah, oh, oh, oh.
27:03A-A-A-Y-A-O-Y-A-O-Y-A-Y-O
27:08In all the kids come in the hall
27:12A-A-A-Y-A-O-Y-A-O-Y-A-Y-O
27:32Bye-bye. Come back safe. Bye-bye.
27:59Koreans have suffered terribly from colonisation and from war.
28:04And even today, the people in the north are some of the poorest and most repressed in the world.
28:11But the progress in the south has to be seen to be believed.
28:18Skyscraper-crammed cities are squeezed between mountains
28:21and efficiently connected by high-speed trains that rush through tunnels and over viaduct.
28:28Things work here.
28:30Koreans are buzzy and competitive, and yet they have a culture of working together.
28:36Whilst enjoying the welcome here, I've also felt admiration and even envy.
29:11Music by Ben Thede
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