00:00So, sentence structure refers to the arrangement of words and phrases in a sentence,
00:07while sentence type refers to the purpose or function of a sentence.
00:14In previous videos, I talked about simple sentences, compound sentences, etc.
00:21In today's video, we're talking about sentence type and purpose.
00:26If you want to learn more about sentence structure, I've linked you to my videos in the description below.
00:33So, we're going to talk about the difference between declarative sentences, imperative sentences, exclamatory sentences, and interrogative sentences.
00:46Each of these sentence types have very different purposes.
00:50I'm going to talk about each one, and I'm going to also show you some more advanced examples
00:58of when it can be more difficult to determine which sentence type it is.
01:04Declarative sentences make statements or express information.
01:09They relay facts, opinions, or ideas.
01:13Declarative sentences end with a period, which we say in North America, or a full stop, which they say in
01:22the UK.
01:23For example, Billy loves fishing with his dad.
01:28Here, this is a declarative sentence.
01:31We are expressing information.
01:33We are making a statement.
01:35I'm going camping next weekend.
01:38It's supposed to rain tonight.
01:41We have an exam next Monday.
01:45Here, we are just expressing facts, opinions, ideas.
01:50That is the purpose of these sentences.
01:54And all of them end with periods.
01:58Now let's talk about imperative sentences.
02:02Imperative sentences give commands, instructions, or requests.
02:07They are used to tell someone what to do or what not to do.
02:13Imperative sentences often begin with a verb and end with a period or an exclamation mark.
02:21And oftentimes they do not include a subject.
02:24The subject is implied.
02:27For example, please open the window.
02:31This is a command.
02:33It's an instruction.
02:35I want you to open the window.
02:37So I'm looking at you and saying, please open the window.
02:42I don't have to write, you, please open the window.
02:47Just please open the window.
02:50Bring your own beach towel.
02:52This is an instruction.
02:54Imagine it's a hotel.
02:56Bring your own beach towel.
02:58We don't have towels here.
03:00This is your instruction.
03:02Now in the first two examples, the imperative sentences ended with periods.
03:07But sometimes they can end with an exclamation mark.
03:11And they are still an imperative sentence.
03:14Stop talking during the movie.
03:15This is a command.
03:18I am ordering you to stop talking.
03:22And the difference between writing this sentence with an exclamation mark versus just a period
03:27is that the exclamation mark makes it a stronger request.
03:32With a period, it might sound like, stop talking during the movie.
03:37With an exclamation mark, stop talking during the movie.
03:41Maybe I'm really angry.
03:42I'm getting upset.
03:43But another example, don't touch the hot frying pan.
03:47Again, with an exclamation mark, there's a sense of urgency.
03:51I'm scared you're going to hurt yourself.
03:54But these last two could be written with periods as well.
03:58Now let's talk about interrogative sentences.
04:02And an interrogative sentence is a fancier way to say a question.
04:08Interrogative sentences are questions.
04:10They're used to ask questions and to seek information.
04:14They typically start with a question word, such as who, what, when, where, why, how, or an auxiliary verb.
04:24And there are many auxiliary verbs.
04:26As an example, do, does, will.
04:30And they end with a question mark.
04:33For example, what is your name?
04:35How are your grandparents doing?
04:38Do you like sushi?
04:40Will it rain next week?
04:43Now all of these examples, I'm seeking information.
04:46I'm asking you a question, expecting you to answer what your name is, how your grandparents are doing.
04:53So anytime we are asking someone for information, we have to end the sentence with a question mark.
05:02Now before I continue on, I want to mention that we do not end indirect questions with a question mark.
05:10If I said, I wonder how your grandparents are doing, that would end with a period because it's an indirect
05:18question.
05:19I'm stating that I'm wondering.
05:21I'm not actually asking you using a question work.
05:25Exclamatory sentences express strong emotions or surprise.
05:30They convey excitement, joy, anger, or any other intense feeling.
05:36Exclamatory sentences end with an exclamation mark.
05:40For example, this pasta is absolutely delicious.
05:44I can't believe you're engaged.
05:47I'm excited.
05:48I'm surprised.
05:49I'm ending this with an exclamation mark.
05:51Ben just got a promotion.
05:54You are not listening to me.
05:56All of these are exclamatory sentences.
05:59The exclamation mark shows that we have strong emotions.
06:05So now let's look at some more advanced examples.
06:09You have to pay close attention to the purpose of the sentence before deciding what type of sentence it is.
06:17All sentences that begin with question words are not always interrogative sentences.
06:24And all sentences that end with exclamation marks are not always exclamatory sentences.
06:31Let me show you how we can determine the difference.
06:35For example, what is the surprise?
06:37This is very clearly an interrogative sentence.
06:42This is a question.
06:43I'm asking you, what is the surprise?
06:46I want you to tell me.
06:48The surprise is a new computer game, for example.
06:52But look at this example.
06:54What a fantastic surprise.
06:56This begins with a question word, what?
06:59But this is not a question.
07:02I'm not asking, what is the fantastic surprise?
07:07I'm exclaiming, wow, what a fantastic surprise.
07:11Which is another way of saying, this is a fantastic surprise.
07:15And this is an exclamatory sentence.
07:19Even though it begins with a question word.
07:22Let's look at another example.
07:24How are you doing?
07:26This is a question.
07:27It's an interrogative sentence.
07:29I want you to answer.
07:31I'm fine, thank you.
07:32Or I'm not fine.
07:35And if I said, how amazing it is to see you.
07:39This is an exclamatory sentence.
07:42It ends with an exclamation mark.
07:44Because I am exclaiming and expressing how happy I am to see you.
07:50I'm not asking you a question.
07:53Okay?
07:54And let's look at this example.
07:56Please stop talking.
07:58This is an imperative sentence.
08:00I'm a teacher.
08:01I'm telling my student, please stop talking.
08:05Now what about this?
08:07Stop talking right now.
08:09This ends with an exclamation mark.
08:12But this is an imperative sentence because it's a command.
08:16I'm telling you to stop talking.
08:18I'm exclaiming it.
08:19But the purpose of this sentence is that it is a command.
08:24It is an order.
08:26Okay, now we're going to go on to our quiz.
08:29You have to identify the sentence type.
08:31I will read 10 questions and at the end, we will correct them together.
08:36Number 1.
08:37Should we go to the mall next weekend?
08:40Number 2.
08:41Mom needs to buy a new black purse.
08:45Number 3.
08:46I can't believe he insulted you like that.
08:49Number 4.
08:51Paint the bathroom walls with the white paint I just gave you.
08:55Number 5.
08:56Stop acting like a spoiled brat.
08:59Number 6.
09:01Do you play any instruments?
09:03Number 7.
09:05She's not a very nice person.
09:07Number 8.
09:08The children would like you to make pepperoni pizza for dinner.
09:13Number 9.
09:14What a beautiful home you have.
09:16And finally, number 10.
09:19This tomato soup tastes nice and fresh.
09:32Okay, let's begin with 1.
09:34Number 1 is an interrogative sentence.
09:36It's a question.
09:37Should we go to the mall next weekend?
09:39Yes, we should or no, we shouldn't.
09:42Number 2 is a declarative sentence.
09:44We're expressing information or stating something.
09:48Number 3 is an exclamatory sentence.
09:51I am shocked that he insulted you.
09:54Number 4 is an imperative sentence.
09:57Paint the bathroom walls with the white paint I just gave you.
10:00This is a command.
10:01It's an instruction.
10:03Number 5 is also an imperative sentence.
10:07Even though it ends with an exclamation mark.
10:09I am ordering you to stop acting like a spoiled brat.
10:14Number 6 is interrogative sentence.
10:16It's a question.
10:18Number 7.
10:19Declarative.
10:20Number 8 is also declarative.
10:24Number 9 is exclamatory.
10:26What a beautiful home you have.
10:29Even though this begins with a question word.
10:31I'm not asking you a question.
10:33I'm exclaiming.
10:34I'm telling you what a beautiful home you have.
10:37And finally, number 10 is a declarative sentence.
10:41This tomato soup tastes nice and fresh.
10:43Today we are not Filipinos.
10:45What a beautiful home you have.
10:46Let me know.
10:46What a beautiful home you have children.
10:46I love you my mam.
10:47Anyway, let me know.itudinal
