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01:00She spends most of her life underwater.
01:02She hunts, eats, and even sleeps here.
01:14We want to find out more about the Baltic Grey Seal, the secret life of seals.
01:39It's a cold and cloudy morning in late February.
01:48Around 500 seals are now gathering on this isolated rocky island, in the furthest outskirts of Stockholm's archipelago.
01:58Every year, for a short period between February and March, the seals come out of the water to give birth,
02:07nurse their pups and mate,
02:10before they disappear back into the vastness of the sea.
02:22For just two months each year, these rocky shores team with life.
02:30And it is during this short interval that the pups will have to learn to survive on their own.
02:36First on land, then in the ice-cold waters of the Baltic.
02:48We humans seldom see the world down here.
02:52Down here where the seal lives its life.
02:56Our limited human perspective means that there's a lot we don't know about the mysterious lives of these animals with
03:05whom we share our seas.
03:17What we do know is that the Grey Seal is a clever and skilled hunter that can dive to a
03:23depth of over 200 meters
03:26and hold its breath for close on 30 minutes.
03:38The Grey Seal bull has a dark coat, a big elongated snout, and can weigh up to 300 kilograms.
03:51The female is lighter in colour and weighs half as much.
03:57The seal uses its sensitive whiskers to detect vibrations in the water.
04:03This allows it to sense fish several hundred meters away
04:09and makes it an exceptionally efficient hunter, in total darkness and at great depth.
04:17These animals are highly adaptable and can hunt in packs,
04:23communicate through calls and cooperate with other seals.
04:31They are herd animals, but without the usual social structures of a herd.
04:45These are lone wolves who sometimes like to mingle.
05:28There are traces of blood in the snow, a sign that there's a newborn pup nearby.
05:45That's the umbilical cord.
06:01There are traces of blood in the snow.
06:26La phase de l'attachement, après la birth, quand la seale-car
06:30first smells her newborn pup, est absolument crucial.
06:46If there's any disturbance now, right after the birth, the mother might leave her pup and
06:52not return to suckle.
06:54It will starve to death.
06:58It can be random events, such as male seals fighting nearby, sea eagles or gulls attacking
07:05them, which cause the mother to reject her baby.
07:32As the seal population has grown, so have sea eagle numbers, and the breeding season provides
07:40a feast for the eagles.
07:42A seal mother has to keep constant watch.
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08:15This year, the island is temporary home to a large assembly of seals.
08:19But in the recent past, it was very different.
08:25.
08:26.
08:26.
08:26.
08:3740 ans, le gré seal était threatened avec l'extinction ici dans le Baltic.
08:42Numbers were down to fewer than 4,000.
08:46Et la petite population qui vivait vivait loin de l'eau.
08:50C'était observé que beaucoup de femmes n'étaient pas reproducés.
09:00Donc, les scientifiques ont commencé un projet de recherche pour essayer de déterminer ce qu'ils ont fait,
09:05et ils ont soon trouvé des niveaux de toxines de la population.
09:13C'était observé que la source des toxines était le herring, leur priorité.
09:23C'était pas grave, mais c'était un peu de poids.
09:24Parfait-il la séance dans les seules et feeding les non-toxic, les herringes,
09:30les chercheurs avaient éclaté la source des toxines.
09:35Et ils conclutent que c'était la fin de la baltique de l'eau qui était contaminée.
09:44Aujourd'hui, la population de l'île population de l'île a recouvert et ils sont encore,
09:49avec les humains et les eagles, les premiers predators de la Baltic Sea.
09:53...
10:07Thanks to stricter environmental regulations,
10:10the levels of PCB toxins have been significantly reduced
10:14and the seals are reproducing as normal again.
10:25There are still vast gaps in our knowledge about seals.
10:29This is largely because we meet so seldom,
10:32as they live most of their lives out in the open sea.
10:38So it's only when they come onto islands like this to breed that we meet.
10:46There are lots of little channels here and it's quite shallow.
10:51This is an ideal nursery for seals.
11:08The pups are beginning to test the water
11:10and the cows call to them from the shallow pools.
11:15...
11:16...
11:20...
11:22...
11:22...
11:28...
11:50Snow white pups are scattered around on the rocks.
11:54And females try to find a quiet spot to give birth.
12:06Newborn pups and mothers try to find one another.
12:10And in the midst of all this,
12:12the new mothers are subject to the attention of eager males
12:15that splash and roar offshore.
12:20They're just waiting for a chance to mate.
12:24But the females aren't quite ready for them yet.
12:51But the females aren't quite ready for them yet.
13:06This large male has a different strategy.
13:10Not far from the main seal island,
13:14he has this inlet to himself.
13:17He's lying in wait for the right female.
13:28He succeeds in finding this one alone.
13:36Usually the male has to fight for his chance.
13:38But this one shows his experience.
13:42He's obviously been around.
13:46He's large, over three meters long,
13:49and probably quite old.
13:51A seal can live for up to 40 years.
14:00He seems very calm.
14:05There are no competitors around.
14:21The pup will have to wait while the adults frolic in the water.
14:31the sea is clear.
14:53I mean there is a better amount of water.
23:03en France, en France et en France,
23:05et en France, en France,
23:07en France, en France,
23:07en France.
23:10Il semble qu'il y a des différences
23:12des différences.
23:13On a la surface des dames
23:32Back on our island,
23:33the day is coming to an end.
23:43Our pup's first swimming lesson is over, and it is safely drying in the late afternoon sun.
23:52But not all the young ones are so lucky. Cold water claims many victims.
23:59Pups that aren't weaned and haven't got enough blubber yet are poor swimmers.
24:04The fluffy white fur gets wet and heavy, and if a mother doesn't help a pup that's fallen in,
24:11it doesn't have long before it freezes to death.
24:20There are several mothers watching over their dead pups that have sunk to the bottom.
24:26They stubbornly cling to hope.
24:30They don't want to leave.
25:03It's not only the sea that claims the lives of pups.
25:07Weak and malnourished, they're scattered about on the rocks.
25:13These exposed pups often fall victim to white-tailed sea eagles.
25:30On this island, as many as one in four pups will die before they are three weeks old.
25:44As night falls, the noise increases.
25:50The whine of pups is mixed with fighting noise, barking, and what almost sounds like singing.
26:07らいind.
26:083
26:1410
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26:2312
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26:32C'est un nouveau jour sur l'île, ce sera le scénage d'activer pour juste quelques semaines.
26:47Une femme greysseal donne une fille à une fois par année.
27:02Elle n'a pas voulu laisser une fille de la nourriture.
27:36Il y a des filles de la nourriture.
27:38Hundreds of bulls are still patrolling just offshore, looking for partners.
27:44Many of them have been waiting for weeks.
27:57C'est parti.
28:04C'est parti.
28:07C'est parti.
28:07C'est parti.
28:23C'est une période de temps pour la mother, avec des hommes d'égard à l'autre côté.
28:33Mais elle a toujours besoin de protéger les pups et suckle.
28:55Les hormones sont rouges, les choses peuvent se rouges.
29:27Quand une femme est prêt à mêler, elle signifie clairement clairement.
29:35Mêler peut prendre place sur la terre, sur la terre, et aussi sur la terre.
29:50Le water est boiling avec l'activité.
29:57Le testosterone est messing avec les boys' heads.
30:24Underwater there's frantic activity.
30:26Seale bulls watch the females intensely,
30:31while also keeping a close eye on each other.
30:48Le sound-scape est extraordinaire.
30:51Il y a un son comme des cobblestones.
30:55Il y a un son partout dans la terre, et c'est vraiment large.
31:15Is it the sound of males trying to attract females?
31:21Nobody really knows.
31:28The frenetic wild activity transitions to something completely different.
31:49This couple, gracefully drift down through the water.
32:02It seems as if the female is still in charge.
32:06And she will signal very clearly when she's had enough.
32:10?
32:11?
32:40Sous-titrage MFP.
32:43Sous-titrage MFP.
33:06Sous-titrage MFP.
33:11It's April, and the mothers have left the island.
33:17The pups are now completely alone.
33:26They will have to survive on the thick layer of blubber they have built up from the high-fat
33:30milk they've been getting from their mothers.
33:35Their mothers won't return.
33:39The pups will stay here until they get hungry and restless.
33:47The blubber should be enough to sustain them for close on a month.
33:56They are scattered all over the island, and not always easy to spot.
34:04They lie in crevices, bushes, and on piles of rock.
34:10They hide in muddy puddles.
34:21Those who have shed their puppy fur are ready for the sea.
34:26In this phase, the seal pup is so fat that it bobs like a cork.
34:32It can barely dive.
34:36It can barely dive.
35:02To hold their breath.
35:04To hold their breath, and to catch fish at great depth.
35:24A seal's normal diet is Baltic herring, a fatty and relatively easily caught fish.
35:31But stocks have been severely depleted by us humans.
35:36Seals have to search for other fish now, in other hunting grounds.
35:43In their search, they come in closer contact with people.
35:49Many seals die when they get entangled in fishing nets.
35:56A small group of seals have come far into Stockholm's archipelago, only about 100 meters from the
36:02main shipping lane into the city.
36:09These seals follow the big ships, hunting fish stunned by the spinning propellers.
36:23So many different survival strategies.
36:26Seals have an amazing capacity to adapt.
36:30They seem to be able to learn from each other.
36:35With fish stocks depleted out at sea, they are quick to discover alternative hunting grounds.
36:42But when they come closer to people, the risk of conflict increases.
37:03Many people see grey seals as a problem, a competitor for the fish that provides their livelihood.
37:18And here in the inner archipelago, sport fishing is a popular pastime.
37:28And recreational fishermen want the fish to themselves.
37:35The seals, on the other hand, have learnt where fish are to be found.
37:40And in the bays where they hunt pike, many of them have learnt to take fish from people's nets.
37:47But when the competition from seals becomes too intense, people take action.
37:57They are Heteroys, the different fijn m'rellfognisers at the same time.
38:08So, I will tell you, I have to take off the fish that took him to the reef.
38:10It is a very strong one of these.
38:13They are the only ones that are allowed to suit you.
38:13They can't take off the fish.
38:13They are the only ones they have taken off to the fish.
38:14They are the only ones that are the ones that are the ones that are the ones that are the
38:14ones that are the ones.
38:26Mais les seuls étaient ici long avant nous humains.
38:30Nous n'avons pas adapté à eux.
38:33Ils ont dû essayer d'adapter à nous.
38:41Les seuls ont été faits comme un scapegoat pour les fish stocks, et ils ont dû payer le prix.
39:07C'est early summer, et les seuls bornes sur l'île sont maintenant des jeunes jeunes.
39:19Ils n'ont pas encore sexuellement mature.
39:24Les seuls ne sont pas atteint à l'âge d'âge d'âge d'âge d'âge.
39:31C'est durant cette phase que les jeunes seuls doivent apprendre les plus importants life skills.
39:47Not nécessairement de l'âge d'âge d'âge, mais souvent de l'âge d'âge d'âge d'âge.
39:55Ils doivent apprendre les plus efficaces de l'âge d'âge d'âge.
39:59Ceux sont les jeunes en ois en tant que l'âge d'âge.
40:04Ch'ils comprennent la connaissance de la connaissance.
40:06La quée seuls ont des besoins sous l'âge dâge dâge.
40:10Ils seuls ont considérés à l'âge d'âge dâge dâge dâge.
40:15Il ne s'adaptent pas de doucement des seuls.
40:20Elle les aちら et les ensembles des risquements d'âge dâge de l'âge.
40:24Elle décide de la attitude éle de l'âge dâge s'automne.
40:27Elle décides souvent de l'âge dâge dâge de la connaissance dâge.
40:29Elle a l'air d'une caméra.
40:38Elle semble totalement relaxée.
41:01At regular intervals, she disappears to the surface to breathe.
41:10She soon returns, this time with a friend.
41:16Another young female, less brave.
41:25But eventually, this one is encouraged by her companion.
41:29She overcomes her fear and approaches almost as close.
41:47It's clear that seals socialize and learn from each other.
41:51That they communicate using a combination of body language and sounds.
42:22It is not just that they are threatened by starvation as fish stocks collapse.
42:28It is not just that they are threatened by starvation as fish stocks collapse.
42:29Their survival is also gravely affected by climate change.
42:38Seals ideally give birth on the ice.
42:41But the sea ice is shrinking.
42:44So they are forced to crowd onto these small rocky islands.
42:56Seals only produce one pup annually.
43:00And in this environment, 25% of those pups will die within the first few weeks of life.
43:16Drowning, infections, crush injuries and starvation are the most common causes of death.
43:26Crouded and chaotic, the pups lack close together.
43:33And they can easily fall into the water.
43:51The sea ice is a vast, wide open environment.
43:57There is no crowding.
44:00No risk of infection.
44:09There is still a large area here in the north of the Baltic that freezes during the winter.
44:15But it is clearly shrinking.
44:17And its extent and stability is becoming less and less predictable.
44:28Halfway between Sweden and Finland, in the Gulf of Bothnia,
44:33this small group is lying on a wide sea ice plain.
44:39It is quiet and peaceful here.
44:42The seals lie quite a long way in where the ice is thick.
44:50They probably hauled out when the ice was much thinner.
44:53And have stayed here as it has thickened.
44:57They have managed to keep some breathing holes open
45:00by constantly getting in and out of the water.
45:10But the pups stay put on the ice.
45:13White, fresh, clean.
45:18We don't see a single malnourished or dead pup.
45:30It seems that this is where seals are meant to be.
45:35Snow white pups.
45:36It's almost invisible on the ice.
46:04It's almost invisible on the ice.
46:10It's almost invisible on the ice.
46:13And his chest scrutiny gets too old.
46:22So, we're looking to see the again in a single palace.
46:23The next morning there's a main reason to elevate the same material.
46:23And they die into the natu тяж.
46:24And it has very loud and soft.
46:24And it's like burning days with heat.
46:24For the juniors has strayed.
46:24And there's sudah naï
46:25Oh no.
46:27The last nightly dozens of the winter.
46:27The wowil isiguous to the family house.
46:28The Aaah pode pèred 0.
46:33...
47:14This bull is alone on the surface.
47:17He's too big to go down through the breathing holes.
47:33He chases from hole to hole, blocking the cars from coming up.
47:41They don't seem too worried.
47:47They are born divers.
47:52A seal has proportionately more blood and a higher concentration of red blood cells than us humans.
47:58And it can reduce its pulse rate from 70 beats per minute down to only 5.
48:06These adaptations allow it to dive both deep and for as long as it needs to.
48:15Let's go.
48:28Let's go.
48:30Let's go.
48:32Let's go.
48:34Let's go.
48:35Let's go.
48:35Let's go.
48:36Let's go.
48:37Let's go.
48:58The fat, healthy pups will remain here on the ice until it starts to melt in a few weeks' time.
49:07Adult seals don't hunt or eat during the breeding season, so they have now fasted for over a month.
49:16And the pups are no longer dependent on their mother's milk.
49:23So the adults are free to spend more and more time in the water.
49:28They are now preparing to leave and take that long swim under the ice to the open sea.
49:39where they have another season ahead of them, navigating this magical underwater world that the Baltic grey seal has made
49:48its own.
50:02The
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