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00:41Today you will learn the new features
00:43and how to access the DOS graphic shell.
00:46If you have been using a lower version of DOS,
00:49you will be performing tasks already familiar to you
00:52in a new way.
00:53Let's get started.
00:55Installing the latest version of DOS
00:57into your computer system requires different steps
01:00for hard disk and diskette installation.
01:03The new DOS is a completely automated installation process
01:07managed by a program called SELECT.
01:09Your new DOS install diskette automatically evokes
01:13this important utility.
01:15Refer to your manual for complete details on how to install.
01:19After you have completed the install process,
01:21you can begin to use the latest DOS version.
01:24One of the new features that makes DOS easier to use
01:27is the DOS shell.
01:29The DOS shell is nothing more than a graphic interface
01:32that has been added to give users a simpler means to explore
01:36and use many of the new functions built into DOS.
01:39In addition, there are some new options not found in earlier versions.
01:44Another important new option allows you to format your hard disk
01:47without two or more partitions.
01:49The limit in earlier versions of DOS was 30 megabytes.
01:53When you started your system in DOS 3.3 or lower,
01:56the first line that appeared was time and date.
02:00This feature is now done through the DOS shell.
02:03Let's start with this familiar date and time function.
02:08When the DOS shell appears on the screen,
02:10a display will allow you to select from the choices of
02:14file system, change colors, or DOS utilities.
02:18The time and date function is located in the DOS utilities option.
02:22Select DOS utilities, then press enter,
02:25and a submenu of utilities will appear on the screen.
02:30Select the set date and time option to produce a window.
02:34This secondary window is called a dialog box,
02:37and it is the standard method for submitting commands
02:40in the latest DOS version.
02:42The window will prompt you to type in the date.
02:50Press enter, and another dialog box appears
02:53that prompts you for the correct time.
03:01Press enter again, and the screen will go blank.
03:06The message, press any key to continue,
03:09will appear in the upper left corner of your screen.
03:12Press any key, and the screen will return
03:15to the DOS utilities options.
03:17You might have noticed that only the appearance
03:19of the time and date function has changed.
03:22Their purpose is still the same.
03:25You must press the enter key after every command in DOS.
03:29Learn to use the key as an automatic end to each command.
03:33From now on, I will not tell you to press the enter key.
03:36Should you not be required to use the enter key for any command,
03:40I will clearly indicate it at the appropriate time.
03:43Let's return to the main group option screen
03:46by pressing the escape key.
03:52Help in the new version is a very useful function.
03:56The F1 key is the help key, and is always available to assist you.
04:01There are other keys available to you at different times,
04:04and they are always located at the bottom of the screen.
04:09At the bottom of this main group screen,
04:11you will only see two F keys.
04:14F10 for actions, and shift F9 for command prompt.
04:19The F10 key will automatically move the selection cursor
04:22from the main group of menu choices to the action bar,
04:27located at the top of the screen.
04:29The selection cursor is the extended highlight on a screen item in reverse video.
04:35If you press F10 a few times,
04:39you will see the selection cursor switch from the main group items to the action bar and back in.
04:47Shift F9 will send you to the shell command prompt.
04:51This prompt is useful because the shell does not refresh its screen while the prompt is being used.
04:57Return to the DOS shell by typing exit.
05:04If you are an experienced user of an earlier version of DOS,
05:08you may want to switch to the command prompt to do things that you are accustomed to
05:13until you are comfortable with the graphic shell.
05:16Now that you know how to move the selection cursor around the screen,
05:20I can show you how to actually perform the selected operations.
05:24Once something is selected, you only need to press the Enter key,
05:28and DOS will perform the action specified.
05:31You can select any of the four items from the main group
05:35by using your up and down arrow keys to highlight each one.
05:40Press the Escape key if you're only experimenting and do not wish to make any changes.
05:45The final choice in the Start Programs main group is the DOS utilities.
05:51You first saw this option when we entered the date and time.
05:55When the main group or any subgroup of choices is visible on your screen,
06:00you can always press F1 to display a help window containing information.
06:05The help window will be applicable to the group item or action bar item that is highlighted when you press
06:14F1.
06:15If you activated some process that displays a dialog box,
06:20then pressing F1 brings up a window containing helpful text for that process.
06:26Let's try using the help function.
06:29In DOS utilities, select format.
06:32Then press the F1 key and read the help dialog.
06:38Use the down page key to read all the dialog that is given.
06:45As with all windows, this help window has its own additional set of special keystrokes.
06:52Pressing the Escape key will erase the help window itself, bringing you back to the process that was activated.
06:59While in DOS utilities, you can choose several options.
07:03We'll choose the format option again so you can see how simple the process really is.
07:09The format process is most often used when you first open a box of diskettes.
07:14These diskettes are used to receive and store data.
07:18Insert a diskette in drive A and press enter.
07:24You will notice that while DOS is formatting your diskette,
07:27the screen shows what percentage of your diskette has been formatted.
07:51After this process is completed, you are prompted with the question, volume label.
07:57Let's type disk 1 for volume label.
08:07This labels your diskette for further identification,
08:11or you can choose to leave it blank by pressing the enter key.
08:15The latest DOS also assigns a unique serial number to each formatted diskette,
08:20and writes the number on the first sector of that diskette.
08:24By now, you've started to learn the fundamentals of DOS, and you can see what it can do.
08:29You've entered simple commands, and prepared your disk to receive and store data.
08:35Now, I will discuss how to access your drive, directories, and files.
08:41The latest DOS files system is your primary connection to DOS directories,
08:46DOS files, and application programs.
08:49DOS files.
08:50Of course, your system will have different directories listed on the window on the left
08:55side than those listed on my screen.
08:57This screen is slightly more complex in its appearance than anything you've seen so far.
09:03However, it is clear and organized.
09:06This full screen window contains an action bar and a title bar located at the top,
09:13and all available F keys located at the bottom.
09:17Just below the title bar is the action bar containing four primary actions.
09:22When you select one of these actions, you can perform many operations by choosing
09:27commands from the pull-down menus that appear.
09:30These pull-down menus are accessed with your down arrow key.
09:37Below the action bar are three other primary portions of the screen.
09:41In this area, you can specify the disk drive you want to work on,
09:45the group of files you want to work with, and the individual names you want to access.
09:51When the file system screen first appears, the drive you are currently in is automatically selected.
09:58Notice that the icon or symbol that represents the C drive is highlighted.
10:03You can choose a different drive by using the right arrow key to highlight the appropriate icon.
10:09The number and letters of the drive icons will vary according to your system's hardware.
10:15The areas below the drives are accessed by using the tab key on your keyboard.
10:19Try using the tab key once to switch from the drive area below the action bar to the directory tree
10:27of your screen.
10:28This is located at the lower left portion of the screen and contains the directory structure for the current selected
10:35disk drive.
10:36Press the tab key again and the highlight will switch to the file area on the right side of the
10:42screen, highlighting the first file on the list.
10:45By pressing the tab key two more times, we will be back to the drive area.
10:51Let's try scrolling through the directories in drive C and then choosing the DOS directory.
10:57Use tab once and then the down arrow keys to select a different directory.
11:06The right side of your screen will display the files located in that particular directory.
11:12Notice that the current directory is highlighted only when the screen is focused in the directory tree area.
11:19A check mark appears beside the directory name you've chosen.
11:23This mark will change whenever you select a different directory.
11:27Select a file by pressing the space bar when the file name is highlighted.
11:35Pressing the space bar once when the highlight is on a selected file will unselect it.
11:41If you take a look at the right side of your screen, you will see the small icons located to
11:47the left of the file name.
11:50When you choose one or more files, icons are switched to reverse video to indicate that those files have been
11:57selected.
11:57Whether we select one or many files, the next operations we ask DOS to execute will be performed for each
12:06selected file.
12:07There are two different types of file icons used by DOS.
12:11A rectangular with one corner turned over is a data file.
12:15An octagonal shaped icon marks a program or file that can be executed.
12:20An executable program or command always has a .com or .exe extension, while an executable batch program has the extension
12:30.bat.
12:32Only files with these three extensions are symbolized by the octagonal icon.
12:36All other files are represented by the paper icon.
12:41If you inadvertently press enter when selecting a file, DOS will attempt to open or start it.
12:48To stop DOS from doing this, simply press the escape key.
12:52Now that you know how to maneuver in the file system screen, we can take a closer look at the
12:58context behind its major area.
13:01First, let's explore the information being displayed in the file area.
13:07You use this area to see a listing of the files that are contained in a particular directory.
13:12In the earlier version of DOS, you used the DIR command and the computer displayed a listing of all the
13:20files with the information about each file.
13:23The file name, the file size, along with the date and time of its creation or last update.
13:31In the file area, the same information is displayed except for the time.
13:36You can display the time by suppressing the directory tree area.
13:41To manage your display screen effectively, you can select the options choice from the action bar.
13:47The pull-down menu will display three choices.
13:50The first choice, Display Options, enables you to specify a file name or to sort files by name, date, size,
13:59extension or disk order.
14:04Next, the file option will cancel or request confirmation prompts and global file selection.
14:12Both deleting and replacing can be dangerous activities.
14:16When you select one of these two options in the file menu, DOS will prompt you to confirm the selected
14:21file to be deleted or replaced before completing the commands.
14:25The final selection is select across directories.
14:29When activated, you can easily issue commands which can act on files located in multiple places.
14:36You can move files located in different directories to one directory with a single move command.
14:42This choice is a powerful and useful new feature.
14:46Our final choice on the options menu is called Show Information.
14:51When this is selected, a display on the left side of your screen shows the entire current system status.
14:58This is a valuable tool when you want to learn more about how a particular disk is being used.
15:04You can quickly view available space on any drive.
15:07Another improvement in the latest DOS is the Arrange menu on the action bar.
15:13Use this menu to make screen arrangement choices.
15:16There are three selections to choose from.
15:19The single file list displays the directory tree and file list for the current selected drive.
15:26The second choice is multiple file list, which helps you compare the directory trees and file lists on different drives.
15:34The third choice is system file list, which will list all of the file names on a selected drive.
15:40This also allows you to find files located on different drives.
15:45With this special view of your files, you may scroll continuously through all files on the selected disk drive.
15:51The files are all displayed according to the sorting order that is currently selected.
15:58You can also use the system file list to identify files with identical names that may be located in different
16:05directories.
16:06The duplicate names will appear together.
16:09Major file operations are performed by selecting the file option on the action bar.
16:14Depending on the files that are selected when you activate this menu, some of the file operation choices may be
16:20great on your color monitor or proceed with an asterisk on your monochrome system, indicating that they are currently unavailable.
16:29Go to your root directory and highlight your autoexec.bat file.
16:36Press F10 to use file from the action bar and move to the view option.
16:46Now you have your autoexec.bat file on your screen.
16:50Only one file may be selected for viewing at a time.
16:55Moving files between drives and directories in a single operation is a powerful way to reorganize your disk space.
17:03To demonstrate the moving of files from one drive to another, I have created two files called Test1BAT and Test2BAT.
17:15The first thing I will do is split my screen in order to view both drives.
17:21While at the action bar, I will choose Arrange, Multiple File List, and then press Enter.
17:29A view of the C directory tree and file list is seen twice.
17:34Next, I tab down to the second line on the disk drive list and change this to D and press
17:44Enter.
17:54The present view shows both the C and D drives listed.
17:58Now I will use the Tab key to reach the C drive's file list
18:06and scroll down to the files Test1 and Test2.
18:16And select the C drive's file list and select them using the space bar.
18:24Press F10 to go to the action bar and choose the option File.
18:33Go to the Move command and press Enter.
18:39A dialog box will show the files that have been selected to be moved and the second line will show
18:45the destination.
18:48Since the D drive is where we want to place these files, all I need to do is press Enter.
18:59The files will now move from the C drive to the D drive.
19:03Making copies of files is a very common operation.
19:07Copying can be used for a variety of purposes.
19:10You can copy files across directories, make secondary copies, backup copies, multiple or complete disk copies.
19:19With whatever type of copy command you are going to perform,
19:23you should always have the Confirm On Replace option set on to protect against accidentally overwriting files.
19:32There are just a few more file operation commands that you should know.
19:37Of course, many other commands exist, but you'll only need them in more advanced situations.
19:43These are covered in your manual.
19:46Let's become more familiar with deleting and renaming files.
19:50In the earlier versions of DOS, this was often awkward to use.
19:54Now with the latest version of DOS, you can select all the files you want to remove from a directory
20:00with one command.
20:02I'm going to delete the files I moved earlier in the D drive.
20:07First, I'll use the Tab key and go to the D drive and view the list.
20:15Now I'll scroll down the file list to select the files to be deleted.
20:22In this case, Test 1 and Test 2.
20:29Now I'll use F10 to go to the action bar and select File.
20:35Finally, move down to the Delete and press Enter.
20:41The dialog box will show up with the files I've selected.
20:46By pressing Enter, DOS will execute the command and the file will be erased.
20:54Whenever you are deleting a directory, you must first delete all the files in that directory.
21:00DOS will not allow you to delete a directory that contains files.
21:04You can rename any file name without affecting the contents.
21:09Select the files first before using any operation in File menu.
21:14The final pull-down menu in the file system is the Exit menu.
21:18You usually select the Exit File System choice when you are done using all your files and directories.
21:25At this point, the File System screen will disappear and the Start Program screen will reappear.
21:32You can quickly get the same result by pressing the F3 key.
21:37Press Escape or select the Resume File System choice if you reach this Exit menu in error or if you
21:45change your mind.
21:46One unique DOS feature is that you can run your software application programs through the file system.
21:52The simplest way to approach this is through the batch files.
21:56This is the easiest and fastest way to run your software through the new DOS.
22:01If you don't have a batch file for your application, you must create one first before trying this exercise.
22:09I have created a word processing batch file and called it ws5.bat.
22:15Then, press F10 for the action bar and select Program.
22:21Next, I use the down arrow key to select the option Add.
22:25The dialog appears and the required data is typed in.
22:30It's title should help you remember what the program name is or what it does.
22:42The command line tells the system which program to start and where to find it.
22:50There is a format that must be followed when entering this line.
22:54The drive letter must be specified where the program resides.
22:59cdpath is the change directory command.
23:02Use the directory path to the program and the name of the file to start the application.
23:08You use the marker F4 to separate the different parts of the program startup command.
23:14When you use the batch files, use the same format except type the word call before the batch file name.
23:23F2 will save all your data.
23:24The program will appear under the main group options.
23:30Let's review some of the features of the latest version of DOS.
23:33The new DOS is a completely automated installation process.
23:37Entering and editing commands at the DOS prompt is as simple as typing the command itself.
23:44Submitting commands requires that you first select an option from the menu system.
23:48Then enter any data required in the dialog box.
23:53The function keys are an easy one keystroke tool that makes DOS less time consuming.
23:59You've learned how to access all the features of the new DOS from the initial start program screen.
24:06The latest DOS features and functions are available through the graphic interface,
24:12either by keyboard controls or by mouse.
24:15If you have a color monitor, you can change color combinations easily and quickly from the main screen.
24:21You can always press F1 for online help, which is information for the currently selected screen item.
24:29The primary DOS utility operations are available from the DOS utilities menu.
24:34The DOS file system screen provides you with complete graphic access to files, directories, and drives.
24:42The main group will display all the software application programs that you have installed in one place.
24:49Thanks for joining us. I'm Noreen Hart and remember, look to Silicon Mountain for all your computer training needs.
25:00You'll see you next time.
25:01You'll see you next time.
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