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00:08imagine a country big enough to encompass 30 European countries within its borders fill it
00:16with natural and geologic wonders color it with the exquisite hues of exotic birds and flowers
00:23set against a background of lush green vegetation burnish this paradise with the orange and yellows
00:31of the southern Sun edge it with thousands of miles of tumbling rivers embellish it with mountains
00:39forests beaches and islands blend in the hues of a multitude of races and cultures and glaze them
00:48with the warmth and hospitality of a single united people link the five regions of this country
00:55each a gem of inimitable brilliance and give this glittering tropical tiara a name
01:03is
01:14a cortina do passado tiram a empresa do cerrado
01:21Toto recombro com gato
01:25Cantar de novo trova
01:27Dora merengoria nos da lua
01:29Toda canção do seu amor
01:32Quero ver
01:33Essa dona caminhando
01:37Pelos salões arrastando
01:41Seu vestido rentado
01:47Internacional Video Network
01:48Welcomes you on this video visit to Brazil
01:54When most people think of Brazil
01:56They think of the wildness of the Amazon
01:59The stunning beauty of Rio de Janeiro
02:02Or the excitement of Carnival
02:04And while these things are indeed a part of Brazil
02:08A closer look at this fascinating country
02:11Reveals a multitude of unexpected facets
02:14This is, after all, a country so large
02:18That while it's winter at one end
02:19It's summer at the other
02:24Brazil accounts for half of South America
02:26In both land size and population
02:29And with 70% of its people under 30
02:32It is a country young in age and spirit
02:38Despite the current economic problems
02:40Brazil is one of the richest countries in the world
02:43In terms of natural resources
02:45It has the most concentrated economic and industrial base
02:49In Latin America
02:50And it ranks 8th in the world in gross national product
02:56Brazil is a neighbor to every other country on the continent
02:59Except Ecuador and Chile
03:01And its 3 million square miles
03:04Are made up of 5 distinct geographical regions
03:09The northern region holds the vast primordial forests of the Amazon basin
03:14A world unto itself
03:16A giant watershed which feeds the Amazon
03:20The largest river in the world
03:23The northeastern region is the Golden Coast
03:27A land of endless tropical beaches
03:29The cradle of Brazilian civilization
03:32A place where African, Portuguese and Dutch cultures
03:36Have merged to form a way of life
03:38That is both unique and typically Brazilian
03:43The west central region is an almost untouched land of vast marshes
03:49Teeming with native wildlife
03:51The Pantanal of the Mato Grosso
03:56And from out of this stark wilderness
03:58Rises the shape of the future
04:00The ultra-modern capital of Brazil
04:03Brasilia
04:06The Samba Beat of Rio de Janeiro
04:08The Dynamo Pulse of Sao Paulo
04:11Makes the southeastern region
04:12The real energy center of the country
04:16The southern region is a high, cool land
04:19Of pine forests and pampas
04:20Perfectly suited to ranching and agriculture
04:23Here the folkways of Europe
04:25Have been faithfully preserved
04:28And it is in this southern region
04:31On the borders of Paraguay and Argentina
04:33That the Paraná and the Iguazu rivers
04:36Meet with such force
04:37That they create the largest waterfall on earth
04:40The luminous Iguazu Falls
04:44It is one of many incomparable sights
04:47In a land of geologic wonder
04:50And vast natural resources
04:53But Brazil's greatest natural resource
04:56Is her people
04:58Brazil is a unique mix of races
05:01Which began with the aboriginal Indians
05:04Followed by the Portuguese settlers
05:06Who later brought slaves to the new world from Africa
05:09Successive waves of immigrants from Europe
05:12Asia and the rest of the world
05:14Continue this process even today
05:17Making Brazil one of the world's most dynamic cultural melting pots
05:27kipture
05:28A
05:33Colonel
05:34For
05:48Speaking
05:50Obviously
05:51He
05:52Brazilians are united by a love of music, the Portuguese language, and an intense spirituality
05:58that finds expression in both traditional Roman Catholicism and in specifically Brazilian
06:04practices such as Macumba and Candomblé.
06:10Brazilians are an optimistic and vital people, looking toward the future as Brazil prepares
06:16itself to fulfill its great potential.
06:20The history of Brazil is long and complex.
06:25What Columbus missed when he discovered America was found by the Portuguese navigator Pedro
06:31Alvarez Cabral in 1500.
06:34This was just seven years after Pope Alexander VI divided the New World between Spain and
06:40Portugal by drawing an arbitrary line 370 leagues west of the Azores.
06:46The idea was to give the riches of the New World to Spain and the prizes of Africa and
06:52the Far East to Portugal.
06:56Brazil, which bulges far eastward into the Atlantic, was then unknown.
07:02This error was a geography lesson that gave Portugal a foothold in the New World.
07:09The history of Brazil continued with a series of booms and busts through which the country
07:15was gradually explored and settled.
07:18Brazil.
07:19The first explorers found only the die-yielding wood, Pau Brazil, from which Brazil takes its
07:25name.
07:26The first major settlements in Brazil came as the result of the sugar boom of the 17th century,
07:33when Brazil became the world's leading producer of sugar cane.
07:36This ended when sugar produced in the Caribbean proved cheaper for Europeans to import.
07:43Today, cane is once more an important crop, not just as the raw ingredient for a popular
07:49drink, but as a source of alcohol fuel, part of Brazil's recent move toward economic self-sufficiency.
07:58It was the early cane boom that made the northeastern city of Salvador, known locally as Bahia, the first
08:05capital of Brazil.
08:09This tropical port city, which sits beside a large bay surrounded by cocoa palms and fragrant
08:15flowers, may no longer be the political capital of Brazil, but the colonial beauty of its architecture
08:22remains.
08:23It is here that the descendants of the slaves who provided the physical energy for the sugar
08:29boom, today provide much of the spiritual and emotional energy that makes Brazil so very
08:35alive.
09:03It is here that the
09:15Bahia is a city on two levels.
09:17The lower level contains the old port, the commercial center, and the docks for the ferries
09:23that take locals and adventurous travelers to the nearby island of Itaparica.
09:30The upper city can be reached by steps, or as in Lisbon, by a public elevator.
09:37The old market on the waterfront is the main trading center for the tons of fresh fruit,
09:43fish, and sugar cane that come into Bahia every day.
09:47There is a special flavor to life in Bahia, and there is a special flavor to its cuisine,
09:53a spicy blend of African sauces and local seafood cooked in palm oil.
10:01Bahian food has become so popular that it can now be found served on street corners throughout Brazil.
10:11Another uniquely Bahian tradition is capoeira, or foot fighting.
10:16Developed in Brazil by the slaves, it has evolved into a highly ritualized martial art.
10:22Capoeira shows today are staged with explosive energy.
10:42The beauty of the city of Salvador is rivaled by the beauty of its endless miles of golden beaches,
10:49treasured by natives and visitors alike.
11:14Brazil is the largest Catholic nation in the world,
11:18and it is said that there is a church for each day of the year in Bahia.
11:23The famous convent of SĂŁo Francisco de Assis, with its sumptuous carved gold leaf,
11:29and its classic murals, is but one of the hundreds of Catholic churches that grace the city.
11:35Despite the city's pride in its many Catholic places of worship,
11:40the Bahiano is also the Brazilian most deeply involved in African belief systems,
11:45the intriguing worlds of Macumba, Candomblé, and Umbanda.
11:56It was through the portals of Bahia, the center of the Brazilian slave trade,
12:01that three to five million Africans were first brought to the New World.
12:07Missionaries baptized them when they landed,
12:09but didn't care if they kept their drums, their songs, and some of their own customs.
12:15Although the Catholic Church later attempted to suppress African religion,
12:20the slaves were able to incorporate Catholicism with their own gods and rituals,
12:25producing what today is called Candomblé.
12:28As practiced now, Candomblé remains close in form to the original African religions brought by the slaves.
12:37Umbanda, the most popular form of Macumba,
12:40is a colorful blend of Candomblé, Catholicism, American Indian religions, and European spiritualism.
12:53A central feature of Umbanda is an altered state of consciousness described by devotees as possession by supernatural beings.
13:02Spirit possession is a state in which the medium's own consciousness leaves,
13:07and his body is entered by the possessing entity.
13:10Drumming, singing, and dancing accompany the celebration as the spirits arrive,
13:16ordering food, drinks, cigars, special costumes, or whatever it is they like.
13:23Umbanda members report feeling spiritually or psychologically cleansed after recovering from possession.
13:30Anthropologists, psychologists, and medical doctors have been intrigued by the success of Umbanda
13:36in treating certain psychological and even medical problems.
13:40Through Umbanda, the dispossessed seem to regain a sense of power and respect
13:45by associating themselves with powerful supernatural forces.
13:50Umbanda also helps to integrate the adherent's personality
13:54by allowing the expression of repressed aspects of his or her personality in the context of possession.
14:02However it is understood or explained,
14:06Umbanda functions as a psychotherapy for the poor.
14:09People come seeking solutions to their problems and Umbanda offers them the help they need.
14:16In recent years, Umbanda has become a powerful force in Brazil's popular culture,
14:21providing a means of expression and creativity,
14:24and its influence can be felt throughout Brazil.
14:29Although Salvador remains a rich cultural center with its macumba, its capoeira, and its exuberant carnival,
14:36Brazil's history moved on in the late 1700s as the demand for sugar began to decline,
14:42and groups of explorers known as bandirantes or banner-bearers left the coast to explore the interior.
14:50These explorations paid off handsomely when gold was discovered in the present-day state of Minas Gerais.
14:58And so began Brazil's next big boom.
15:02The tons of gold which came from Brazil during the gold boom produced enough wealth to finance the industrial revolution
15:10in Europe.
15:11The original capital of Minas Gerais was the Baroque city of Oro Preto, built in the 1800s.
15:20Oro Preto's unique beauty inspired UNESCO to declare it a world historical monument.
15:26As a consequence, the city still retains the grace and elegance of its old world heritage.
15:55The wealth of gold brought cultural gifts as well.
15:59Minas Gerais produced one of the Baroque period's most astonishing artists.
16:05These statues were carved by the sculptor Aleja Gigno, known as the Little Cripple.
16:11Despite being handicapped by leprosy which deformed his hands,
16:16Aleja Gigno created these works of art by strapping carving tools onto his arms.
16:25The twelve apostles which stand in front of the church of Bon Jesus are thought to covertly represent
16:31the leaders of the Brazilian independence movement.
16:35The figures in his Stations of the Cross are also thought to be veiled caricatures of political figures of the
16:42era.
16:51Although the gold boom eventually faded, and with it Oro Preto's short-lived distinction of being the richest city in
16:59the world,
16:59the economic importance of the state of Minas Gerais remains.
17:03The region is a geologist's utopia, with mineral wealth of less obvious but no less important value.
17:13The state of Minas Gerais is so littered with crystal, sparkling ores, and semi-precious stones
17:20that the land is almost always smoldering as a result of sun-started fires.
17:27Here, the Earth's crust has blossomed, yielding beautiful clusters of every imaginable type of natural crystal.
17:50Although some of these unusual crystals are mere attractive curiosities,
17:55others, such as various members of the Beryl family, are among the most valuable substances known to man.
18:03When the early Bandeiranchis began searching these hills for diamonds and emeralds,
18:08they had no idea that Brazil would one day become the world's leading producer of gems and colored gemstones.
18:17Perhaps no one knows more about the fascinating world of Brazilian gemstones
18:22than the man who first introduced Brazil to the art of gem cutting, Jules Sauer.
18:28The search for gemstones is almost as long as Brazil exists, which means 500 years.
18:35But less than 50 years ago, it was only known to a handful of experts.
18:41Today, millions and millions of people know that Brazil is, in reality, the paradise of gemstones.
18:48The 90 different gemstones found in Brazil consists of a variety which is unknown anywhere else.
18:59The most important, the diamond, has been found since colonial times.
19:05And all in four different states, all riverbeds are diamond-bearing.
19:09But as Brazil has been overshadowed by South Africa, at the end of the last century,
19:16we were looking more for colored gemstones.
19:20And the aquamarine was the first important stone we found.
19:24In 1963, we found emeralds for the very first time.
19:31And the last discovery, which was made in 1987, is alexandrite.
19:37Alexandrite is an extremely rare stone, and it's very, very high.
19:43It's more costly than the finest diamond.
19:45A good alexandrite can cost up to $15,000 a carat.
19:50The imperial topaz, or precious topaz, has been, for many, many years,
19:58one of the most covered gemstones in Brazil, and also the highest-priced gemstones.
20:05The old capital of the state of Minas Gerais, Oro Preto,
20:10is also the capital of the imperial topaz.
20:15The Capuan mine, operated by Amsterdam Sauer and Rodrigo Silva, near Oro Preto,
20:22is one of the few producing imperial topaz mines in the world.
20:27Here, the topaz-yielding material is hydraulically dismounted
20:31using water from a nearby holding pond.
20:34The material is then mechanically transported
20:37to the beginning of a series of flumes and screens,
20:40where it is carefully classified and separated.
20:44Here, the material is further classified by a vibrating separator.
20:49In the final stages of the process,
20:52the promising stones are hand-picked from the quartz crystal
20:55and other materials that have been concentrated from the original slurry.
21:00Even in this highly efficient mine,
21:02it takes tons of raw material to produce each carat of precious imperial topaz.
21:11The finest stones from the mines in Minas Gerais and elsewhere in Brazil
21:16eventually find their way to the jeweler's shop,
21:19where they are artfully transformed into the centerpieces
21:22for some of the world's most beautiful jewelry.
21:31The allure of these beautiful colored gemstones
21:35is so great that almost no one leaves Brazil without at least one.
21:42The values to be found in Brazilian gemstones are legend,
21:46but you must be careful where you buy.
21:49Everyone has a bargain waiting for the unwary tourists.
21:53Some of the cheaper ones, like the ones offered by these boys on the streets,
21:57may even be colored glass imitations.
22:00Anyone serious about purchasing fine jewelry
22:03would do well to learn a little about the Four C's
22:06and to make their purchase from one of the established, reputable firms
22:10that have outlets in all the major cities.
22:14And there's no better place to buy them
22:16than in the fine shops of Rio de Janeiro.
22:25Set between the mountains and the sea,
22:28Rio is without question the star in the crown of Brazil.
22:35The famous statue of Christ the Redeemer
22:38on the top of Corcovado Mountain stands with open arms,
22:42looking down on a city of open-hearted people
22:45who know more than a little about the joy of life.
23:10The beach is our living room, say the Cariocas,
23:14the name the natives of Rio give themselves.
23:17It is not just an exquisite ribbon of sand
23:20decorating several perfect bays.
23:23It is an extension of their homes, their lives,
23:26and they play hard.
23:46And they play fast.
23:47They do music Hendrick Johansson
23:54with Italy
23:54and Salt Jack
23:54with lokali
23:54and in Italy
23:54with기
23:55and by
23:55they
23:55for someone
23:55in our casality
23:57that's an expedition
23:58athletes in this game will take this same intensity with them when they go to
24:02Rio's Mata Cana Stadium, the world's largest, with room for over 200,000 fans.
24:21It's about as impossible to resist becoming involved in a game under these
24:25conditions as it is to resist a tidal wave. Emotion surges and each play of the ball
24:35is an event of insufferable importance.
25:03So
25:23But there are other facets of Rio.
25:29There is a tranquility possible here as well.
25:33In the Tejuka Forest, on a cable car suspended between the peaks of Sugarloaf Mountain.
25:41Or in the botanical gardens, where palm-lined paths wander among over 8,000 species of catalogued plants.
25:55These fragile blooms are found in the orchid house.
26:00And this temptation for some unwary insect is in the carnivorous plant house.
26:11There are also examples of economic plants, such as vanilla, cinnamon, coffee, and exotics like coca, perhaps the world's most
26:25controversial plant.
26:27And thousands of flowers of every shape and color.
26:33Here we go.
26:52Here we go.
27:06History lives in Rio.
27:09The Municipal Theater is modeled on the Paris Opera House.
27:13An exact replica, though on a somewhat smaller scale.
27:17This is a place where the old and new meet, though some look dwarfed by comparison.
27:25Rio was founded on New Year's Day in 1502, when Portuguese sailors arrived and mistook the bay for a river
27:32which they called Rio de Janeiro, or the River of January.
27:39Rio was a capital of the southern part of Brazil, as well as the refuge for Portugal's royal family when
27:45they fled from Napoleon in 1807.
27:49It is a city of transitions.
27:51This aqueduct, the Arcos de Lapa, built in 1750 to bring water from the hills, now serves as a track
27:59bed for the streetcars going up the hills to the Santa Teresa district.
28:04Up to the hills, to the favelas, which are the site of the famous samba schools, the neighborhood associations that
28:12give Rio the music and the costumed dancers who parade through the samba drum during Carnival.
28:17From the poverty of the favelas that cling to the hillsides comes the energy and color for the event that
28:24makes Rio famous the world over.
28:27For the five days before Ash Wednesday each year, the city of Rio throws away its clocks and its calendars
28:35and puts on its most splendid dress for an annual plunge into hedonism, dance and spectacle.
29:23metro art
29:24The city of Rio
29:252016
29:25The city of Lisboa
29:29Everything in Rio takes on a carnival air.
29:33Here at the crafts fair, people come from all across the city,
29:36and everyone has something to buy or to sell.
29:56At the San Cristobal flea market,
29:59immigrants from the Northeast arrive each Sunday
30:01to renew old friendships and have a good time.
30:24Every sense is tempted here, tantalized by the sights, the sounds,
30:30and everywhere the aromas of food cooked over sizzling hot coals.
30:36This is the barbecued beef for which Brazil is justly famous.
30:44Feijuada is a typical Brazilian meal of black beans simmered with a variety of meats
30:49and served with rice, collard greens, and mangiolca.
30:55Brazilians eat a lot of beef, and with good reason.
30:58The pampas in the south of Brazil are ideal for raising top-quality cattle.
31:06Here in the southern region, beef is served in the traditional Brazilian barbecue,
31:11or churrascaria, beef served on a sword.
31:18Here in the southland, alongside the cattle, lives the Brazilian gaucho,
31:23the poncho-wearing, mate-drinking, silver-spurred Brazilian cowboy,
31:28a survivor and hero of his own legend.
31:33To live free as the bird that cleaves the sky was the goal of MartĂn Fierro,
31:39the literary hero of the epic poem of the pampas.
31:42And it is the goal still of his real-life descendants, the present-day gaucho.
31:48Like our cowboy, the gaucho is an individualist who survives by skill and courage.
31:54Riding across planes so expansive, he must depend, like a sailor,
31:59on the southern cross in the night sky for direction.
32:05The gaucho life is not reserved only for men.
32:09Women, called gauchas, are part of the gaucho culture.
32:13In fact, here everyone is a gaucho.
32:41This is not only the land of the gaucho, but the home of a people who have held on to
32:46the
32:46their European roots, recreating the old world in the new. The Southland was
32:53congenial to these settlers from Europe. It is the only region of Brazil with
32:58four distinct seasons, looking every bit like the European countryside except for
33:05the palm trees. The town of Gramado looks very German, which isn't surprising
33:12because German immigrants settled here in 1824 and developed a prosperous
33:17agricultural economy. In fact, this part of Brazil retains a European way of life
33:25that seems to have almost disappeared in Europe. But the southern region isn't
33:30only a land of agriculture. It is a region of natural wonders as well.
33:45These wind sculpted spires of red sandstone resemble the ruins of some
33:51ancient civilization, its greatness reduced by time. And the name given to
33:56these natural monuments, Villa Vella, means just that, ancient city.
34:11Itain-Baginio Canyon is a dramatic five-mile-wide fault, cleaved by geological
34:17movement. Feathery waterfalls descend to a private Eden between these fern-covered
34:31walls.
34:33Geology has given the southern region another curiosity. The furnace, cavities in
34:39the earth created when the ceilings of subterranean rivers collapsed. To ride
34:46down this elevator is to fall into a fairy tale world of deep green pools at the
34:52bottom of a giant well. Nothing, however, can prepare anyone for what is to come.
35:01Iguazu Falls overwhelms all expectations.
35:18To be present at these falls is to have the sensation of being present on one of the days of
35:24creation.
35:26Iguazu Falls
35:28Iguazu Falls
35:34Iguazu Falls
35:36Iguazu Falls
35:37Iguazuath
35:38Iguazu Falls
36:03Iguazu Falls
36:17There are more than 275 separate falls, each higher than Niagara here, and visitors can
36:25choose from a variety of vantage points, or fly above in a helicopter.
36:32The Argentine side offers a tantalizingly precarious view from the very edge of this immense crevasse.
36:44On the Brazil side, there are a series of platforms, each with a different view, and all easily accessible
36:52by foot from the historic Tropical Hotel.
36:56It's good to experience the wilderness, but to be able to bring civilization along is almost
37:02too good to be true.
37:06Far to the north, in the lush forests of Brazil's northmost region, the same comforts await the
37:13traveler at the famous Hotel Tropical in Manaus, a place where the mysterious world of the Amazon
37:20waits just beyond the gate.
37:23The Amazon forest, which blankets 40% of Brazil's territory, is more than just an exotic travel
37:31destination.
37:32It plays a vital role in the health of our planet.
37:36It's greenery generates 50% of the world's supply of oxygen.
37:42And the living jungle helps maintain the critical balance of gases in the Earth's atmosphere.
37:50This tropical rainforest is the home to more than 1,800 species of birds and several hundred
37:56species of mammals.
37:59And more than 1,500 species of aquatic creatures inhabit its countless miles of waterways.
38:30To men trying to conquer the jungle, the rainforest appears almost indestructible.
38:36But this overwhelming forest is actually a most delicate and fragile ecosystem.
38:44The life of the forest is protected by the heavy, leafy canopy and the dense mat of roots below.
38:52These roots are all that holds the thin layer of soil that nourishes and holds the jungle.
38:59When large sections of forest are destroyed for short-term agriculture or grazing, the thin
39:06layer of topsoil washes away in the frequent rains, leaving only barren rock.
39:12And though the jungle is so large that it seems like a limitless resource, thousands of acres
39:18are being lost this way every day.
39:24As more and more people become aware of the fragile beauty of this largest of all jungles, there
39:32appears a new hope that the unrivaled pageant of rare animals, brilliant birds, and strange
39:39creatures that make their homes among these exotic plants will indeed continue.
39:44.
39:46.
39:47.
40:38The gateway city to any excursion into the Amazon is Manaus.
40:44Manaus was born as a result of the great Brazilian rubber boom,
40:48a boom that began with the discovery of the rubber tree here in the heart of the jungle.
40:53With its great plantations of trees yielding a sap that could be turned into rubber,
40:58the Amazon became the world's largest producer of natural rubber by the end of the 19th century.
41:04The wealth of the rubber boom created a thriving city in the heart of the wilderness
41:10that could only be reached by a thousand-mile ride up the Amazon River.
41:15With the completion of its majestic neoclassic opera house in 1896,
41:21Manaus became a unique cultural oasis.
41:31But today, another boom is taking place here.
41:35Manaus is not only the jumping-off point for visitors into the interior,
41:39but it is also a busy free trade zone,
41:42where manufactured goods can enter the country exempt of import duty.
41:48shoppers come here from all over to take advantage of bargains in everything from perfume to electronics.
41:56Manaus is also the busy port for a region where the main transportation system
42:01is the Amazon River and its tributaries.
42:05These classic Amazon riverboats function not only as people movers,
42:10but transport virtually everything that comes into and out of the jungle.
42:18The river is not just the basis for transportation, but for food as well.
42:23There are over 1,500 varieties of fish in these seemingly endless waters,
42:28and the local diet consists largely of fish caught by the local fishermen.
42:36One of the many unusual sites along the river near Manaus is the famed wetting of the waters.
42:42Here the dark waters of the Rio Negro meet but do not merge with
42:46the heavy, muddy waters of the Salimos until five miles downriver,
42:51where they finally blend to form the coffee-colored Amazon.
42:55This is also the spot where the pink, freshwater dolphins can often be seen
43:01frolicking along the swirling line dividing the rivers.
43:05At this point, it is hard to imagine that this huge body of water
43:10began as a trickle thousands of miles away on the slopes of the Andes,
43:15and that before it reaches its destination, it will become like an inland sea.
43:23At the mouth of the Amazon, on Guajara Bay, is Belém,
43:28an important port linking Brazil with North America.
43:32Founded in 1616, its name means Bethlehem.
43:38Belém is the site of the old Veropejo market.
43:42It means see the weight, named after the large scales used to weigh the fish that are landed nearby.
43:51The market is a huge commercial center, where each day at dawn,
43:56a colorful fleet of riverboats bring fresh fish, produce, and local crafts to sell.
44:03In these stalls, you may find anything from magic potions to snake skins, dried toads, and alligator teeth.
44:36South of Belém, on the Atlantic coast, lies Fortaleza,
44:40a sparkling seacoast city surrounded by beautiful sandy beaches.
44:46Fortaleza is known as the home of unusual local crafts.
44:52The colored sands found along the beaches south of town
44:56form the basis of this unusual art form.
44:59Here, Aida Chrysostomo creates fantastic miniature landscapes
45:04by placing sand collected by her husband
45:07into glass bottles with almost infallible artistry and precision.
45:41This is also a town of lacemaking,
45:44a nearly forgotten art brought to Brazil from Europe.
45:47These delicate webs fly from the skilled fingers of the women of Fortaleza,
45:52while their husbands fish far out at sea for days at a time
45:56in these tiny but most reliable sailing craft known as jangadas.
46:18In the late afternoons, as the sunlight deepens to amber,
46:22the sculpted ridges of the dunes become ski slopes.
46:29This local pastime was invented by the kids here,
46:33and is not quite as easy as it looks.
46:49Fishing and lacemaking, though ancient and venerable skills,
46:53are no longer economically viable for many of Brazil's northern people.
46:58A relentless period of drought and economic misfortune during the 1980s
47:03has driven a constant stream of immigrants from the northeast to the south
47:07to the busy city of Sao Paulo.
47:23This is Brazil's Big Apple.
47:26Sao Paulo is the commercial, industrial, and economic center,
47:31not just of Brazil, but of all South America.
47:35With a population of over 10 million,
47:37it's actually the third largest city in the world.
47:41Sao Paulo is where people come to work, to make it,
47:45and they bring to the city an energy, a pace, and a rhythm
47:50that even a New Yorker would find hard to surpass.
48:02People here are driven by a passion to consume,
48:05and there are enough goods on display to keep anyone motivated.
48:18Almost everything that can be produced by man is produced in Sao Paulo.
48:24There are over 80,000 factories in Sao Paulo employing over 2 million people,
48:30and when the pace slows, there is always another cup of cafezinho to pick it up again.
48:37Coffee comes thick and rich in a demitasse cup filled with sugar to the halfway mark.
48:43In Brazil, you can't get a large coffee or a small beer.
48:51The Avenida Polista, the main thoroughfare,
48:54was once lined with the mansions of rich coffee plantation owners.
48:59Today, the only mansions still standing among the gleaming skyscrapers
49:03are the ones that have found a way to conform to the modern world.
49:08Sao Paulo is home to South America's largest banks,
49:12as well as its finest five-star hotels.
49:20Sao Paulo is a city with an international flavor.
49:24The world's largest Japanese population outside of Tokyo resides here,
49:29and Japantown is their cultural hub,
49:32as well as a place for visitors to enjoy the finer aspects of Japanese culture.
49:42The vast concrete and steel sprawl of the city is broken with countless oases of green.
49:50The Zoological Gardens is one of the seven major zoos in the world,
49:54with thousands of animals from all the regions of Brazil.
50:04And if the wild animals of Brazil are not enough,
50:08the Simba Safari Park provides automobile safaris through acres of jungle habitat,
50:13where the people are in cages,
50:15while the animals are free to roam among them.
50:23Thirty-nine miles from Sao Paulo is Santos, Brazil's busiest port.
50:29This is a spot of magnificent beaches
50:31and breathtaking views from a vantage point on the crest of a mountain
50:35served by a precipitously steep cable car system.
50:40From here, you can reflect on a quieter past,
50:44characterized by graceful churches and cobblestone streets,
50:48or watch the bustling activity
50:50as millions of tons of goods move in and out of South America's largest seaport.
51:00There is another story to Sao Paulo besides the thriving port,
51:04the glistening buildings, and the ever-expanding middle class.
51:08That story is best illustrated by the favelas and the mansions
51:13that coexist throughout Brazil.
51:16There is still a great deal of poverty in Brazil.
51:20Although the economy is growing, there is great unemployment,
51:24and social programs are difficult
51:26because Brazil still must use its vitally important capital
51:30to service a tremendous international debt.
51:35Today, by expanding more moderately
51:37and by broadening its economic base
51:40and moving rapidly toward economic self-sufficiency,
51:43this forward-looking country hopes to bring the prosperity
51:47that it is capable of producing to all of its people,
51:51no matter how remote they may be.
51:54It was this intent to increase Brazil's prosperity
51:58by opening the interior to development
52:00that led to the creation of one of the most dramatic cities in the world,
52:06Brasilia.
52:13The new Brazilian capital is a vision of the future made real
52:18in concrete, steel, and glass.
52:21Rising from the plains of the central highlands,
52:24Brasilia seems like a mirage against the tropical sky
52:28that here seems bluer than elsewhere.
52:31It is not a mirage, however.
52:34It is quite substantial.
52:36A new city, completely planned.
52:39The public buildings were designed
52:42by Brazil's most eminent architect, Oscar Niemeyer,
52:45and the landscaping by Bula Marx.
52:48And the overall effect is like a trip into the future.
53:10Brazilia remembers its past,
53:12but more importantly,
53:14it looks forward to Brazil's promising future.
53:18Juscelino Kubitschek,
53:19the president who proposed and guided the building of Brasilia,
53:23knew that Brazil was a land of great potential
53:27waiting to be realized.
53:28A land with the natural and human resources
53:32to eventually become one of the world's great nations.
53:37This monument commemorates his speech to the nation
53:40on October 2nd, 1956.
53:44As I cast my eyes once again
53:47over the future of my country,
53:49I foresee a new sun dawning
53:52with an unbreakable faith
53:54and a limitless trust
53:56in its great destiny.
53:58I hear a new silence of Christ.
54:02I hear a new darkness and Nordic fruit,
54:15I feel like I have a new ship,
54:17I feel like I have a new train,
54:23I feel like I have an adventure of Unbreakable knowledge,
54:24I feel like I have an excuse for us,
54:27I have an shoulder and then turn
54:27I am an extreme drink,
54:28Ayya, ayya es a sauté,
54:30Num vienha me matar!無
54:34vienha me matar! Me
54:46chama! Me
54:50chama!
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