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  • vor 12 Stunden
Wie können wir die Schifffahrt dekarbonisieren, ohne die Weltwirtschaft zu schädigen?

Die von der Internationalen Seeschifffahrtsorganisation der Vereinten Nationen vorgeschlagene Entscheidung über eine Abgabe auf Kohlenstoffemissionen aus der Schifffahrt wurde auf 2026 verschoben. Aber ist die Industrie bereit für eine dekarbonisierte Zukunft?

LESEN SIE MEHR : http://de.euronews.com/2025/12/01/wie-konnen-wir-die-schifffahrt-dekarbonisieren-ohne-die-weltwirtschaft-zu-schadigen

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00:00One out of five European jobs is depending on export.
00:03Green is not black or white.
00:05There are no single simple solutions.
00:07But is it going fast enough? No.
00:15Welcome to The Big Question,
00:18the series from Euronews,
00:19where we dive deep into the world of business.
00:22I'm Eleanor Butler,
00:23and today I'm joined by Håkan Agneval,
00:27CEO of VotSille.
00:29Thank you so much for being here with us.
00:31So part of VotSille's business
00:33is to create new technologies for the shipping industry.
00:36But can you tell me how important is shipping for the European economy?
00:40If we look at the goods that is entering or exiting the EU,
00:4590% of that is done by sea transport.
00:48And export, as we all know, is very important for Europe.
00:52One out of five European jobs is depending on export.
00:55When we think about the importance of marine transport,
00:59let's take the example from 2021,
01:02when we had this big container vessel, Ever Given,
01:05it got stuck in the Suez Canal.
01:07The estimates are that, you know,
01:09every day the cost for the global economy
01:13of that Suez Canal being shut down
01:16was 10 billion euro.
01:18And that shows, you know, how important the marine shipping is for the global economy.
01:23And what are the key risks to shipping at the moment?
01:27The big topic of discussion is, of course, the geopolitical tensions,
01:32new trade barriers being imposed, fee structures, etc.
01:35And then, of course, the decarbonization journey.
01:39I mean, the industry set a target
01:41through the International Maritime Organization.
01:44That's basically the regulating organization for the whole industry.
01:48And IMO is developing framework to move the whole industry
01:54to net zero by or around, as it's called, 2050.
01:58And now there is a discussion about what is the next step
02:02on the decarbonization journey in the marine industry.
02:04And so shipping is obviously going through a period of transition.
02:14Is the industry moving fast enough at the moment on sustainability measures?
02:18Global shipping accounts for about two to three percent of global CO2 emissions.
02:24If you look at the global emissions, aviation industry is about the two, three percent as well.
02:30But then I would argue that marine
02:32carries a whole lot more goods.
02:34And it's it's a harder bait industry because you have these vessels sailing far out at the sea.
02:40So you really need to find fuels and other things that that,
02:44you know, can can sustain that situation.
02:47Now, is the industry moving fast enough?
02:49The answer there is no, we are not moving fast enough.
02:52The movement has started and I do see it's accelerating.
02:56So with a positive perspective, a lot of things is happening.
03:00But is it going fast enough?
03:01No.
03:02And how specifically is Wotzele working to find sustainability solutions?
03:07The lifetime of a vessel is about 30 years.
03:10And when I talk to our customers, which are the ship owners, they are formulating their strategies.
03:16They are not sitting still.
03:17They are thinking, you know, what's going to happen in 30 years?
03:20When we talk about how do you decarbonize the marine industry?
03:24So there are kind of three avenues that you can run in parallel.
03:28The first is to run your vessels more efficient.
03:32And that is about route planning or route optimization.
03:35The second avenue is the future fuels.
03:38And that is about green fuels like methanol, ammonia, but also continue to reduce the emissions from the current fossil fuels.
03:48Then the third avenue is carbon capture, taking from the exhaust of the engine,
03:53extracting the carbon and without technology, which is now commercially available.
03:59We can extract 70 percent, gathering that CO2 on the vessel and bringing it ashore.
04:05But what do we do with it?
04:06There are two major ways.
04:08One is to pump it back where it came from basically, or to use it as a raw material in chemical process,
04:15including producing synthetic fuel.
04:18But that whole ecosystem is still in a very early stage.
04:21The good thing is we have the technology, but now, you know, how could we use it?
04:26And how the key element is the social aspect.
04:29It's about jobs.
04:30It's about people being able to have a future for themselves and their family.
04:35And I think this is also why the whole topic of decarbonization is so sensitive.
04:39Green is not black or white.
04:42There are no single simple solutions.
04:45And how easy is the carbon capture technology to install?
04:49So there is about 100,000 large vessels out there in the world, and we cannot just scrap them.
04:56You can actually fit it into the existing vessels, and of course you can fit it into new vessels as well.
05:01Yes, there is certainly a cost to that.
05:03But I think what really triggers the economy of the whole equation is, okay, what carbon pricing mechanism will there be?
05:13And what will be the cost or value that you can create, either depositing the CO2 or using it as a raw material?
05:21And oil is currently the dominant fuel for shipping, but I wonder how viable alternatives like ammonia are at the moment?
05:29If you look at the vessels that are being contracted right now, about half is running on the traditional heavy-fueled diesel.
05:38And about half are actually prepared for what is called alternative fuels.
05:43But a big chunk of those alternative fuels, that's LNG, so it's gas, it's natural gas, so it's fossil.
05:49We are ready for the carbon neutral fuels, so methanol engines are being delivered, as we speak.
05:54Then we have the next step, and those are what we call the zero carbon fuels.
05:59And there you have ammonia for shipping, and then we have hydrogen.
06:03And hydrogen in our view would be more for the land applications, because we build power plants as well,
06:08because the energy density of hydrogen is not good enough for big shipping.
06:14You will have to have a lot of tanks, and then you can carry less carbon.
06:17The technology to use the fuels, the green fuels, the future fuels, is actually here.
06:23The challenge is, the fuel is not available in sufficient amounts, and it's still very expensive.
06:29And to offset that, you need to create incentives and fees to create this level playing field.
06:35The UN's International Maritime Organization has been trying to introduce a levy for carbon emissions from shipping.
06:43In October, the US blocked this, meaning the global players will have to wait a year before voting on the measures.
06:49Can you give me your thoughts on this?
06:51There was supposed to be a vote about introducing a new global carbon pricing mechanism.
06:57Now, this was postponed for a year.
06:59I think the challenge for the marine industry is that we are likely going in now to a situation
07:05with a much more fragmented landscape of different regulations.
07:09Because the EU still has its regulations, and the marine industry has been included in the ETS,
07:15I mean, basically the European system for trading carbon emissions.
07:19There is the EU Fueled Marine, which is putting levies on marine fuel.
07:23We hear rumors that the Chinese are now considering their Pacific frameworks.
07:27So having a vessel that can handle different fuels, that's critical.
07:31And the other is fuel efficiency.
07:33Because fuel will become more expensive, there will be some kind of levies on the fossil fuels,
07:39and the green fuels today, they are two to four times more costly than the fossil fuels.
07:43Okay. Thank you so much for sharing your insights on the big question.
07:47It's been a pleasure to have you with us.
07:48Thank you. Thank you for having me.
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