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00:00I volunteer as tribute!
00:06Artemis is one of the fiercest characters in Greek mythology,
00:10the goddess of the hunt, wilderness, and the moon,
00:12a superb archer who's sworn to chastity and a protector of girls and young women.
00:17And on screen, no one personifies her quite like The Hunger Games' Katniss Everdeen.
00:22Thank you for your consideration.
00:31Like Artemis, Katniss is an independent woman with a pure and incorruptible spirit.
00:36This is what they do, and we must fight back!
00:40Even in a dystopian world ruled by a totalitarian police state,
00:44Katniss remains the master of her own destiny.
00:47As Katniss moves through this hellish world she's been thrust into,
00:51then eventually leads the charge to change it.
00:54This is the revolution, and you are the Mockingjay.
00:58Her character repeatedly hearkens back to Artemis,
01:00who has long served as the patron of young women
01:03who are striving for their fullest potential.
01:05Here's our take on Katniss Everdeen's complex relationship with the Artemis archetype,
01:10the obvious traits she shares with it and other heroines in the Artemis mold,
01:14and how the stories of both Artemis and Katniss offer a potential metaphor
01:18for the journey into adulthood, one that continues to resonate with young women today.
01:23You will hold yourself and your government responsible, or you will find another Mockingjay.
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01:46come together to take classes that fuel their creative journey.
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02:01I hardly know anything about you except that you're stubborn and good with a bow.
02:10With her bow and her arrow and her obstinate will,
02:14Katniss typifies the powerful Artemisian warrior.
02:17Like Artemis, she is both hunter
02:19You can hunt.
02:20and healer.
02:22I got it. I got the medicine.
02:24Artemis is the goddess of nature, and Katniss, too, feels most at home in the woods.
02:29We could do it, you know.
02:34Take off, live in the woods, it's what we do anyway.
02:36More symbolically, Artemis is also known as the bringer of light,
02:40a role that Katniss takes on once she's drafted into the Hunger Games
02:44and given a flamboyant new persona.
02:46Katniss 17, the girl of four!
02:50But the similarities between the two go beyond the superficial.
02:53Let's take a closer look at some of Artemis' most dominant traits
02:57to see how they describe Katniss, too.
02:59Artemis protects the vulnerable, especially women and children.
03:02And from age 11, Katniss takes on this role for her own household,
03:06after her father died and her mother had an emotional breakdown.
03:10No matter what you feel, you have to be there for her,
03:12do you understand?
03:13Like Artemis, we see Katniss protecting young women.
03:15She acts as a guardian to her younger sister, Prim.
03:18It's a mockingjay pin to protect you.
03:23And as long as you have it, nothing bad will happen to you.
03:26On the battlefield, she looks out for Rue,
03:28forming an alliance with her, despite resolving to go it alone.
03:32Rue?
03:37It's okay. I'm not gonna hurt you.
03:39She tends to the wounded, even when it puts her in danger.
03:43No. I'm not gonna leave you.
03:47I'm not gonna do that.
03:49And she respects anyone who similarly defends the defenseless.
03:53I saw you volunteer for that young girl.
03:56It was really brave.
03:57But like Artemis, who's goddess of both animals and the hunt,
04:02Katniss is a study in contradictions.
04:04I'll still cook you.
04:09Caring as she can be, she's also quick to anger.
04:12Some of the most famous stories about Artemis find the goddess exacting
04:16a form of justice that looks a lot more like vengeance,
04:19doling out harsh punishment to mortals and other gods who have offended her.
04:23Katniss is no different.
04:24I'm going to kill Snow.
04:29Nothing good is safe while he's alive.
04:32Her instinct for survival becomes an insatiable thirst for revenge.
04:36Like Artemis, Katniss' thirst for retribution can sometimes consume her.
04:41Katniss, when you're in the arena, remember who the real enemy is.
04:47Artemis is also rebellious.
04:49In Homer's The Iliad, she even dares to stand against Hera,
04:52queen of the gods, to fight on the side of the Trojans.
04:55And Katniss is equally obstinate.
04:58From early on in the games, she shows signs of defiance
05:01that lead to her openly taking on the entire system.
05:04One of us has to die.
05:05They have to have their victory.
05:07They don't.
05:10Why should they?
05:11And it's these small, revolutionary acts that eventually make Katniss a hero.
05:16Katniss Everdeen is a symbol.
05:18They're a mockingjay.
05:19Most importantly, Artemis is fiercely independent.
05:22She chose to live a life of chastity, running free in the woods,
05:26rather than settling down in love or marriage.
05:28In the book Goddesses in Every Woman, Powerful Archetypes in Women's Lives,
05:32psychiatry professor Jean Chinota Bolin writes of women who embody the Artemis archetype
05:37that they are,
05:38"...less likely to project an expectation of being fulfilled, rescued, taken care of,
05:43or made complete by having a spouse, child, or lover."
05:47Katniss is defined by this self-reliance.
05:54She learned to take care of her family from a young age by hunting and foraging,
05:58which are the same skills that keep her alive in the arena.
06:01"...we should probably hunt around here.
06:02We don't have any food left."
06:04But autonomy has also made her emotionally distant.
06:07She has trouble with vulnerability, and she shows almost no desire for close relationships.
06:12"...I'm not very good at making friends."
06:13And while Katniss' distrusting nature may serve her well in battle,
06:17it also makes it difficult for her to express her true feelings.
06:21"...See, Katniss, the way the whole friend thing works is you have to
06:24tell each other the deep stuff."
06:26Katniss' attitude toward love, marriage, and motherhood
06:29can largely be ascribed to her surroundings.
06:32Why would she harbor dreams of romance in a world like this?
06:36"...I'm never having kids."
06:37"...and I might, if I didn't live here."
06:41"...but you do live here."
06:42But like Artemis, she also just doesn't seem to fall in love easily.
06:46She enjoys an easy camaraderie with Gale.
06:49In a way, their relationship evokes Artemis and Orion,
06:52the great hunter who became Artemis' companion in the woods
06:55and the only man Artemis ever felt affection towards.
06:58"...we've been hunting together all our lives."
07:01Yet, at least at first, she doesn't think of Gale as more than a friend,
07:04and even when something develops between them,
07:07she can't allow it to distract her from her mission.
07:10"...Kale, you know how I feel about you,
07:11but I can't think about anyone that way right now."
07:14Katniss likewise feels gratitude toward Peeta
07:16for the kindness he showed her as a young girl,
07:19but she's also kept her distance from him.
07:21When Peeta announces his romantic interest in her,
07:24Katniss is sure it's just a ploy,
07:26and in fact, the very idea makes her angry.
07:29"...He made me look weak."
07:30"...He made you look desirable,
07:32which in your case can't hurt, sweetheart."
07:34Of course, eventually Katniss does fall in love,
07:37not just with Peeta, but with Gale.
07:39"...I doubt all three of us are going to make it out of this,
07:42and if we do, then it's our problem to choose, right?"
07:47In this, Katniss doesn't perfectly align with Artemis.
07:50She ends up married to Peeta, having children and settling down,
07:54which the goddess of chastity would certainly never do.
07:57"...Stay with me."
07:58"...Alive."
08:00But again, even this reflects the contradictions of Artemis,
08:05who is, after all, also the goddess of childbirth.
08:08Those who worshipped Artemis turned to her in times of transition,
08:11asking her to watch over young women
08:13as they entered each new phase of life.
08:15And for Katniss Everdeen,
08:17Artemis proves a spiritual guide for her unusually perilous coming of age.
08:21What is Artemis?
08:27Artemis has always been associated with the young girls maturing into womanhood.
08:31In ancient Greece and Rome, adolescent girls would lay their dolls on her altar,
08:36a symbolic offering of their childhood.
08:38But what is it about Artemis that makes her such a natural parallel
08:41for the young girl's experience?
08:44Again, Artemis is a huntress.
08:46Besides literally hunting for food,
08:48Katniss figuratively searches for her purpose,
08:51like any young girl who's trying to find her place in the world.
08:54What's going on in your head?
08:58I don't know.
09:00Katniss truly finds herself when she becomes the Mockingjay,
09:03when she accepts this role she's been forced into
09:06and recognizes the power she has to make a difference.
09:10In her book Artemis, the Indomitable Spirit in Every Woman,
09:13Jean Shinoda Bolin describes this discovery of a woman's inner core
09:17as becoming one in herself,
09:20a young woman crossing the boundary between childhood and adulthood
09:23and moving beyond others' expectations to forge her own identity
09:27and make her own decisions.
09:29I can't believe you're going through with this.
09:33You can say no.
09:34I need to see it for myself.
09:36Bolin also describes how girls who mirror the Artemis archetype
09:39will often find in nature and animals a sense of the nurturing
09:43that they often lack at home.
09:45We see how the woods become an important place of learning
09:48and growth for Katniss.
09:49In the first film, Katniss hunts animals without mercy.
09:55What are you going to do with that when you kill it?
09:59Damn you, Gale!
10:01But when we see her hunting again with Gale later,
10:03she has another encounter with a deer,
10:05and this time something has changed.
10:07She's not even afraid of us.
10:11It's because I've never been hunted before.
10:14She recognizes in the deer a symbolic innocence,
10:16and her decision to let go marks a dramatic growth.
10:19Although she kills plenty throughout the series,
10:22Katniss has discovered an inner one in herself
10:25that won't allow her to be morally corrupted,
10:27unlike the adults around her.
10:29Enjoy your time in the spotlight.
10:31You've earned it by killing people.
10:34Katniss's ability to remain uncompromised,
10:37to spot the hypocrisies and dishonesties,
10:40even among her supposed allies,
10:41along with her willingness to call them out.
10:44No one who supports the capital is innocent.
10:45With that kind of thinking, you can kill whoever you want.
10:48are what make her the only person who can save her people.
10:51We have no fight,
10:54except the one the capital gave us.
10:55Artemis responds ruthlessly if someone under her protection
11:03is violated or threatened in any way.
11:05This loyalty and defensiveness often manifests in teenagers,
11:09and Katniss is no different.
11:10For many, this rage has come to define Katniss.
11:13In the capital,
11:16they got him and Joanna.
11:19You son of a bitch!
11:21In the New York Times,
11:22Sabah Tahir called the character an embodiment of teenage anger.
11:26Fire is catching.
11:29And if we burn,
11:31you burn with us.
11:33We see this anger as a cathartic fury,
11:35expressed by the formerly powerless young girl,
11:38asserting herself against the forces that keep her in check.
11:42We've seen glimmers of the Artemis archetype throughout
11:44our most popular depictions of willful young women,
11:47from Little Women's Jo March,
11:49Women, they have minds and they have souls,
11:54as well as just hearts.
11:55To Buffy the Vampire Slayer,
11:57Strong is fighting.
11:59To Brave's Merida.
12:01Our fate lives within us.
12:05You only have to be brave enough to see it.
12:08Like Katniss, all of them embody this idea of forcefully standing up
12:12for themselves in a world that aims to keep them in their place.
12:16The world doesn't just let girls decide what they're going to be.
12:20But I can now.
12:22Katniss also speaks directly to the young women
12:24in this specific moment in history.
12:27In an article for The Guardian,
12:28Norena Hertz even suggested rebranding Generation Z
12:32as Generation K after Katniss.
12:34And what makes you think the Katniss Everdeen generation
12:37is going to care about Blair Waldorf's pleated skirts.
12:40As Hertz writes, like Katniss,
12:41they feel the world they inhabit is one of perpetual struggle,
12:45dystopian, unequal, and harsh.
12:47If you think for one second that the Capitol will ever treat us fairly,
12:53you are lying to yourself.
12:54Katniss has proved to be a natural role model for a generation of young women
12:59who assume more leadership roles and who passionately challenge their own social injustices.
13:05She updates the Artemis archetype for a new era,
13:07one where coming of age means dealing with much more than just becoming a woman.
13:12Fiancé, enemy, and now ally?
13:21Yeah, I'll add that to the list of words I usually try to figure you out.
13:24Katniss isn't a simple copy of Artemis.
13:27She complicates and diverges from the archetype in some notable ways.
13:31After all, Katniss isn't an immortal goddess.
13:34She's a mortal in an exceptionally dangerous world.
13:37She has to do things differently in order to get through it all.
13:40I did what I had to do to survive.
13:42But Katniss's experiences again parallel those of real-life teenagers,
13:46who may also want to rebel but are forced to conform
13:50to certain expectations in the meantime.
13:52Ultimately, Katniss's journey serves as a metaphor
13:55for how young women may aspire to the Artemis within,
13:58while contending with just how much the world tries to keep them boxed in.
14:02They thought that the bullet would silence us.
14:07But they failed.
14:10Katniss may be morally incorruptible and fiercely independent,
14:14but she also can't speak freely.
14:15Otherwise, she risks harm to herself and the people she loves.
14:19I'm sorry I didn't know what to do.
14:21He threatened to kill my family.
14:22And while she eventually becomes the voice of a revolution,
14:26she also spends the series keeping most of her true feelings to herself,
14:30even among those she trusts.
14:31What do you want?
14:32To know all my secrets.
14:35I have to get in line.
14:36For most of Katniss's story,
14:38that includes suppressing her opinions about the Capitol.
14:41Early on, her fears and her survival instincts
14:44force her to go along with doing whatever the Capitol tells her to.
14:47And when she does become the leader of the rebellion,
14:49it's a role she outright refuses.
14:51People are looking at you, Katniss.
14:53I don't want anyone looking to me.
14:55I can't help them.
14:56In their essay,
14:57Alone I Can't Be the Mockingjay,
14:59Katniss Everdeen and the Artemis Archetype,
15:02writers Jessica Outz and Caitlyn Taunty argue that Katniss isn't necessarily as self-reliant
15:07as her superficial links to Artemis might suggest.
15:10In fact, they point out Katniss regularly relies on men to guide her.
15:14They teach her how to hunt, how to dress, and how to play the game,
15:18all while giving her emotional support and boosting her confidence.
15:21You're stronger than they are. You are.
15:23In the end, Katniss marries Peeta,
15:25because she becomes emotionally dependent on him.
15:28Peeta gives the traumatized heroine the comfort and the hope
15:31she needs to go on living.
15:33Nobody needs me.
15:34I do.
15:37I need you.
15:38Scholar Tatiana Golbon argues that over the course of the story,
15:42Katniss comes to more closely resemble the goddess Persephone.
15:46Like Katniss, Persephone is thrown into an unthinkable situation
15:50when she's abducted into the underworld.
15:52She's an innocent girl who's forced by a desperate trial
15:55to find new strength within and realize her truest self.
15:59You're here to fight with us?
16:00I am.
16:03I will.
16:04The myth of Persephone offers its own metaphor for coming of age,
16:07amid suffering and uncertainty,
16:09and for young women navigating the darkness
16:12by following our own inner light.
16:14Like Katniss, it's a journey that doesn't just transform her,
16:17but the world.
16:18Since the last games, something's different.
16:22I can see it.
16:25What can you see?
16:28Hope.
16:30For her part, Hunger Games author Suzanne Collins
16:32has said she was inspired by another Greek myth,
16:34the story of Theseus, the young prince who volunteered
16:38as tribute to fight the Minotaur.
16:40Theseus offered himself up to prevent other young people
16:42from being sacrificed under another cruel regime,
16:45and his story obviously has a lot in common with Katniss Everdeen's.
16:49District 12's very first volunteer.
16:52But it's no accident that Katniss reminds us of female heroines,
16:56like Persephone and Artemis.
16:58As we've seen more and more lately, it is often women who are leading the charge,
17:02who stand up to oppression, and who slay the myriad monsters
17:06that plague our society.
17:07I'd like you all to think of one moment
17:09where she made you feel something real.
17:11Oh.
17:14When she volunteered for her sister at the Reaping.
17:17Whenever women strive to reach their truest potential,
17:20the world moves ever closer to realizing its own.
17:23Like Artemis, Katniss is an imperfect role model.
17:27She shows us how to be brave and resilient,
17:29to stand up for the vulnerable and to be unapologetically yourself,
17:33even as she embraces her heroism reluctantly
17:35and allows her war to strip away some of her individuality.
17:39So we're gonna shoot a series of propaganda clips.
17:44Propos, I like to call them, on the Mockingjay.
17:47But Katniss isn't a mythical figure.
17:50She's a modern, complex character who's shaped by a complicated world,
17:54which only makes her more relatable and inspiring.
17:57Besides, Artemis and the other Greek gods
18:00don't represent fixed personality types so much as they do inner drives,
18:04motivations that guide us through certain phases of our lives.
18:07And those drives can be different as we grow older
18:10and our goals naturally change.
18:12Gets a little tedious after all these years, but...
18:15There are much worse games to play.
18:20You can continue to identify with Artemis' strong will and determination,
18:24while still aspiring to be a nurturing mom or giving partner.
18:28You just need to carve out space for that independent self within.
18:32Like Katniss Everdeen shows us, it's possible to grow and change
18:36without being corrupted, to retain those core strengths and beliefs
18:40that make you, you, while also opening yourself up to new possibilities.
18:45You love me.
18:48Real or not real?
18:52Real.
18:54This is the true hero's journey.
18:56Promise me you'll find it.
18:59Find what?
19:00The life of a Victor.
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