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Você sabia que os egípcios antigos já tinham um sistema de numeração muito antes dos números que usamos hoje?
Neste vídeo, você vai aprender a contar como os egípcios contavam e descobrir como eles representavam números enormes apenas com símbolos desenhados!

O sistema de numeração egípcio era não posicional, ou seja, a ordem dos símbolos não alterava o valor — algo muito diferente do nosso sistema atual. Ele era baseado em sete números-chave:
1, 10, 100, 1.000, 10.000, 100.000 e 1.000.000.

Cada valor tinha um símbolo próprio:

1 → um traço vertical;

10 → um osso de calcanhar invertido;

100 → um laço;

1.000 → uma flor de lótus;

10.000 → um dedo dobrado;

100.000 → um girino;

1.000.000 → uma figura ajoelhada (possivelmente um deus).

Os egípcios faziam todas as operações matemáticas através da adição, representando quantidades com repetições dos símbolos. Esse sistema serviu de base para muitos avanços na matemática do Antigo Egito, especialmente em construções e medições — como as das pirâmides!

📘 Neste vídeo, você vai aprender:

Como funcionava o sistema de numeração egípcio;

O significado de cada símbolo;

A diferença entre o sistema egípcio e o sistema decimal moderno;

Como os egípcios realizavam cálculos apenas com adições;

E como esse sistema influenciou o desenvolvimento da matemática antiga.
Transcrição
00:00Numbering system
00:04A number system is a set of symbols and rules that allows us to write and read any number from a given set.
00:16The history of humanity shows us the existence of many numbering systems created by different peoples.
00:24The Egyptians, Babylonians, Chinese, Mayans, Romans, Hindus and others.
00:31These ancient civilizations lived many, many years ago.
00:36For example, on the map we're going to show you now, you'll see the civilizations and their period of greatest development.
00:47Egyptian numbering system
00:49The Egyptians created one of the first numbering systems.
00:55Let's look at the symbols they used to represent quantities.
00:59Number 1 is a vertical rod.
01:03The 10 is the heel bone.
01:07The 100 is a coiled rope.
01:10The 1000 is a lotus flower.
01:12The 10 thousand is an index finger.
01:15If you're on your phone with an index finger, subscribe to the channel and activate the bell to follow all the classes.
01:22The 100,000 is a bird, fish or a tadpole.
01:26The 1 million is a man kneeling with his arms raised.
01:30Probably thanking you, because it's 1 million.
01:33But let's go.
01:34With them, it was possible to write numbers using the following rules.
01:41Each symbol could be repeated a maximum of 9 times.
01:47Every 10 repeated symbols were exchanged for another from a higher argument.
01:55The values of the symbols used were added to find the represented value.
02:01For example, if I used the number 1 9 times, I would have the number 9.
02:08But if I use the number 1 10 times, I would have the number 10.
02:14So I would replace all of these rods that represent 1 with the symbol now that represents the number 10.
02:22And so the Egyptians developed their counting.
02:27For example, 40 plus 9.
02:32Here we have 4 symbols of the number 10 and 9 symbols of the number 1.
02:382 thousand plus 20.
02:41Here we have 2 1000 symbols with 2 10 symbols.
02:49100 plus 20 plus 7.
02:52Here we have the symbol that represents 100.
02:562 symbols of 10, which is equal to 20.
03:00And 7 symbols of 1, which represents 7.
03:05Oh, there's another detail too.
03:07The position of the symbols does not change the written number.
03:10For example, the number 13 can be written in both ways.
03:16Starting with the 10 symbol and 3 1 symbols.
03:24Or starting with the 3 symbols 1 and the symbol 10, which represents 13.
03:29So, guys, this class will end here.
03:33So, did you like it?
03:34Go to the comments.
03:35Let's talk about math?
03:38And take advantage and subscribe to the channel and click the bell so you don't miss any classes.
03:42And let's embark on this journey of mathematical knowledge with the X-Men.
03:46See you next class.
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