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Disaster Transbian episode 12
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00:00Closer to my life
00:04When the world is mine
00:09Get closer
00:12When the world is mine
00:18Get closer
00:28Do it with me
00:30Mommy Breeze
00:31Mommy Breeze
00:32My name is Mommy Breeze
00:35Every day I'm here
00:37I'm here
00:39I'm here
00:41I'm here
00:43I'm here
00:45The Moby Prince disaster was a major maritime accident resulting in 140 deaths
00:58It occurred in the late evening of Wednesday, April 10, 1991 in the harbor of Livorno, Italy
01:06It is the worst disaster in the Italian merchant navy since World War II
01:11It is also considered one of the two worst environmental disasters in Italian history
01:18Along with the explosion and loss of the tanker Emoco Milford Haven
01:23On the following day in an unrelated accident near Voltri
01:28In the Moby Prince, a ferry owned by Navigazione Archipelago Madalino
01:34Nevarma lines collided with the oil tanker Agipabruzzo, sparking an intensive fire that ravaged the ship
01:43The only survivor of the crew and passengers of the ferry was a young ship's boy, Alisio Bertrant from Naples
01:52The other 140 on board were killed by the fire or toxic fumes
01:59On May 28, 1998, the ship's hull sank while impounded in a dock in Leghorn Harbor
02:07It was later refloated and sent to be scrapped in Turkey
02:11M.V. Moby Prince was an Italian ferry owned by Navarma Lines, today Moby Lines
02:18She was built in 1967 by the English shipyard Kamal Laird of Birkenhead as Koningen Juliana
02:26for ferry operator Stumfart Motschapid Zeeland of the Netherlands
02:31and was used on the Harwick to Hook of Holland route until 1984
02:37At 2203 on April 10, 1991, the Moby Prince left Livorno heading to Olbia for a regular service
02:47manned by a complement of 66 crew and 75 passengers
02:52The ship was commanded by Ugo Chesa
02:55While taking the usual dedicated route out of the harbor, the ferry's bow struck the Ajip Abruzzo
03:02which was standing at anchor and sliced through its tank number 7
03:07The tank was filled with 2,700 tons of Iranian light crude oil
03:13At 2225, the ferry's radio operator broadcast a mayday from the portable VHF transmitter
03:21He did not use the fixed radio set since he was not at his post at the moment of the disaster
03:28as was later confirmed by the location of his body
03:31Some of the oil spread on the surface of the sea and caught fire
03:36but the remainder was sprayed onto the Moby Prince by the impact
03:40A raging fire quickly engulfed the ferry
03:44The exact quantity of oil sprayed on the ferry was estimated in the subsequent trial at 100 to 300 tons
03:53In the collision, the tanker got stuck to the ferry
03:56The tanker commander ordered full power to the engines and managed to separate the ships
04:03but unwittingly worsened the oil spill
04:06The deck of the Moby Prince was on fire
04:10but the people aboard had some time to reach safety
04:13The fire reached the ship's interior only after the two massive covers between the deck and the upper car compartments
04:21gave way under the intense heat
04:24Once that happened, the fire spread to the prow engine room
04:28slowed only by the fireproof doors
04:31According to later surveys, the fire took over half an hour to reach the Deluxe Hall
04:38the ship's safe meeting point
04:40Rescuers were alerted by repeated calls from the Egypt Abruzzo
04:44but the mayday from the Moby Prince went unheard
04:48The situation was unclear until 2335
04:52over one hour after the collision when the ferry's wreck was located
04:57The crew of the Moby Prince had no time to cut power to the engines
05:02The ship was left out of control and began circling away from the location of the collision
05:08still engulfed in flames, as was the sea around her
05:12making rescue even harder
05:14The crew mustered the passengers in the Deluxe Hall in the ship's prow
05:19relying on a quick rescue by the port authorities
05:22whose base was just minutes away
05:25The hall was equipped with fireproof doors and walls
05:29The flames were fueled by the oil sprayed on the prow
05:33but the wave of fire passed over and around the hall
05:37igniting anything around it
05:39but leaving the hall and its occupants unscathed
05:43The hall's safety features might have given a chance of rescue
05:47but the rescue operators were slow to respond
05:51because of miscommunication and confusion from the misunderstood disaster dynamics
05:57By the time the crew understood that help was not coming quickly
06:01the hall's surroundings were engulfed in flames and no escape route was available
06:07Post-mortem examination of the victims revealed that many of them died of carbon monoxide poisoning
06:13having survived, albeit unconscious, for hours after the fire broke out
06:19The thick black smoke from the oil and from the plastics of the ferry's fittings
06:25were aggravated by gases evaporating from the crude oil
06:29When the first wave of flames hit the command deck
06:33the crew had to flee without disengaging the ferry's air conditioning system
06:39The fans were still operating when the wreck was visited the following day
06:44and it was found that the air circulation contributed to diffusing toxic gases and smoke in the rooms
06:52not directly affected by the fire
06:55Rescue operations were slow and chaotic
06:58and it was later proved that problems with the rescue constituted one of the major causes of death
07:05At first, the rescue ships from Leghorn centered their operations around the Egypt Abruzzo
07:11reaching the scene at 2300 p.m. and saving all the crew of the tanker
07:17The mayday from the Moby Prince went unheard
07:20Too feeble and garbled for the port authority to understand
07:24Mayday! Mayday! Moby Prince! Moby Prince! We are in a collision! We are on fire! Firemen needed!
07:33Mate, if you do not help us, we will burn! Mayday! Mayday!
07:40The Moby Prince! Radio operator call
07:43Commander Renato Sobrina of Egypt Abruzzo communicated by radio with the rescuers at 2236
07:51declaring that the ship had struck a Betolina
07:54a kind of small service boat used for refueling
07:57Misreporting the accident and asking the rescuers to hurry to the tanker
08:02quote
08:03Without mistaking them for us
08:06This error was later repeated by the radio operator of Egypt Abruzzo
08:12Looks like it was a Betolina
08:14The commander of the port of Leghorn Admiral Sergio Albanese rushed to the scene aboard the Coast Guard vessel CP250
08:24As part of his duties, he was in charge of coordinating the rescue activities
08:29However, no orders from Admiral Albanese were reported by any officer involved in the rescue operation
08:36and his voice is never heard in the recordings of the VHF channels that night
08:42Admiral Albanese was quickly exonerated during the trial
08:46raising questions about whether he rushed to the site to cover secret military operations by other unidentified ships
08:54The first to find the Moby Prince wreck at 2335
09:00Over an hour after the collision were two tugboat operators
09:04Mauro Valli and Walter Mattei
09:06who managed to recover the only survivor, Eliseo Bertrand
09:11a ship's boy hanging from the stern railing
09:14Along with Valli and Mattei came Port Authority Guard Ship CP232
09:20The tugboat operators repeatedly called for help
09:24Especially after Bertrand told them that many people were still in danger
09:29Bertrand was put on board the guard ship
09:32which stayed for over half an hour looking for survivors
09:36but then headed back to the port since he needed medical attention
09:41Valli and Mattei later reported that Bertrand said
09:45There is no one to save anymore
09:47They have all been burned to death
09:51Meanwhile, tugboats and firefighting ships were sent to the wreck
09:56and began cooling the hull
09:58At 3.30, sailor Giovanni Veneruso from a private tugboat
10:03volunteered to board the ferry to attach a tow line
10:07the first rescuer to board the ship after the disaster
10:11Other rescuers reached the ship only hours later
10:15in the morning when the fire on the wreck was extinguished
10:187.30 di mattina
10:20La Moby Prince è stata agganciata e viene trainata in porto dai rimorchiatori
10:25L'obiettivo della telecamera scorre la Moby completamente bruciata
10:30La fiancata
10:32La poppa
10:34La poppa
10:35Si scorge qualcosa, una macchia russa
10:38Torniamo indietro e rallentiamo
10:40La macchia russa è il corpo di un passeggero
10:44È integro
10:45I vestiti è apposto
10:46Tutto intorno la nave è completamente bruciata
10:48ma il corpo
10:49no
10:50È impossibile
10:51Il rimorchiato arriva in porto
10:53Salgono i vigili del fuoco
10:54e questo è l'uomo della camicia russa
10:57Ormai carbonizzato
10:58Combusto dal calore delle lamiere
11:01A carabinieri helicopter left its base early in the morning to join the rescue operations
11:08And filmed a corpse lying on its back near the ship's stern
11:13The corpse was not charred even though the surroundings were deeply scorched by the flames
11:20Later, when the wreck was returned to Leghorn Harbor
11:23Firemen found the body completely burned by the heat
11:26Suggesting that many people did not die quickly in the flames
11:31But slowly from the intense heat and suffocation
11:36This opinion was thoroughly discussed in the trial
11:40Some experts asserted that the corpse on the deck was a passenger
11:45Who, after surviving the fire and suffocation
11:48Tried to reach the rescue ship at dawn
11:51But was overcome by heat from the deck's metal
11:54In September 1992
11:58A videotape recorded by a passenger
12:01Shortly before the collision was found in good shape
12:04Confirming that the flames and heat were quite tolerable
12:08Where the passengers were sheltered
12:11And a quicker rescue operation could have saved many lives
12:15The charred hull was moored at Leghorn
12:19Until May 17, 1998
12:22When she sank
12:24The rusty wreckage
12:26Was later razed and towed to Aliaga, Turkey
12:30To be scrapped
12:32The sinking of the Moby Prince
12:34Was the worst disaster for the Italian merchant marine
12:37Since the end of World War II
12:39Among the officially accepted causes of the disaster
12:43Fog played the leading role
12:44Judges confirmed that a natural phenomenon called advection fog
12:50A quick build-up of thick fog in a small area
12:54Caused by hot, moist air reaching the cold sea surface
12:59Was experienced that evening in the zone around the Egyp Abruzzo
13:04Preventing the Moby Prince from spotting the tanker
13:07Several qualified witnesses
13:10Including officers from the nearby Naval Academy, however
13:14Reported that visibility was good
13:16And no fog was present
13:18Most of the witnesses referred to the smoke
13:21Generated after the collision as fog
13:24While this is one of the officially recognized causes of the disaster
13:29Many doubts were advanced as to whether the phenomenon had really occurred
13:33Especially after an amateur video found in the Deluxe Hall
13:38Was shown on TG-1
13:40In the video, weather conditions seem fair
13:44Guardia di Fananza captain Cesar Gentile
13:48Commanding a guard ship
13:50Which joined the first rescue efforts at 2235
13:54Testified that at the time the weather was excellent
13:58The sea was calm and visibility was perfect
14:00The judges considered the hypothesis that a bomb aboard the ferry sent it off course
14:07Causing it to crash into the tanker
14:10At first this hypothesis was considered likely
14:13But it was quickly dismissed during the trial due to experts and other testimony
14:18Especially that of the only survivor
14:21A rumor that the United States and NATO military headquarters had radar reports
14:26And satellite photographs of the disaster received widespread attention
14:32But was later denied by the respective commands
14:35The presence of the Batalina was never confirmed
14:38The tanker commander in the early calls for help
14:41Confirmed many times that the ship struck a small tugboat
14:46Grossly mistaking the real nature of the event
14:48Those calls were undoubtedly influenced by the confusion from the collision
14:54And by low visibility caused by the smoke
14:57Some sailors from the Egypt Abruzzo testified that they saw the silhouette of a ship in the fire
15:05But only a few of them recognized that it could have been a ferry
15:08Three elements are thought to confirm the presence of a Batalina
15:13One, tank number six of the Egypt Abruzzo was not correctly sealed
15:19As if it were being loaded or unloaded
15:21Two, a length of pipe commonly used to refuel small boats was found
15:27Partly burned near the tanker
15:28And three, the record marked 11.30 p.m. from the diary of the captain of the FDEM Jr.
15:38Quote, we learned that two ships, a passenger ferry and a tanker had collided
15:43And that fire had broken out
15:45I chose to stay at anchor
15:47Because the great number of boats moving away from the burning ships
15:50And the many boats taking part in the search and rescue operations
15:53And zero visibility
15:55Against this theory, there are mostly verbal witnesses
15:59Among them the harbor spotter Romero Ricci
16:03Pilot Federico Segari
16:05And many other officers from Egypt Abruzzo
16:09And harbor personnel
16:11Two bigger ships
16:13Probably the Cape Breton and Gallant II
16:16Both American were riding at anchor near the Egypt Abruzzo
16:19As shown in a photograph taken from the Leghorn Seafront
16:25The afternoon before the tragedy
16:27Captain Gentile gave an account about the position of the ships in the harbor
16:32After the collision
16:34I saw the silhouette of the Egypt Abruzzo just outside the harbor
16:38But not the Moby in flames
16:40I had a tanker to my left
16:42About 700 to 800 meters from the Naval Academy
16:45Then there was the tanker in that position
16:49On the other side there were four ships
16:51Among them one perhaps carrying munitions
16:54At the northern entrance
16:56Near the Calambroni
16:58There was an illuminated American ship loading munitions
17:02In 2008 it was found that Teresa, another ship, had been present at the scene
17:09But her involvement remains unclear
17:11A mysterious audio recording from 2245 just after the collision
17:18Was discovered in 1991
17:21It said in English
17:24This is Teresa for the ship 1 in Livorno Anchorage
17:28I'm moving out
17:30No ship named Teresa was registered in the harbor records
17:34And it is unknown
17:36What is the ship 1 referred in the recording?
17:41The real location of the Egypt Abruzzo is debated
17:45The ship's commander declared he was at anchor with the prow pointing south
17:50But later revised his account
17:52The tanker appeared to be heading south in the hours after the collision
17:57As evidenced by a video recording found months after the disaster
18:01It was never clarified if the collision was caused by the ferry going off course
18:08Or if the tanker was mistakenly positioned in the exit cone of the harbor
18:13Where parking was strictly forbidden
18:16The first position communicated by the Egepa Abruzzo commander
18:20Was recorded in the VHF transmission
18:23With the first mayday request
18:25The voice of commander Suprina is clearly audible
18:30And reported a position inside the no anchor zone
18:34Based on its initial declaration
18:37The collision can be explained
18:39With the Egepa Abruzzo being anchored wrongfully
18:42In the legitimate path of the Moby Prince
18:45This may explain why commander Suprina's statements changed later on during the trial
18:51The captain's log which would have confirmed the correct position
18:56Was surprisingly not immediately acquired
18:59And was lost a few days later
19:01Blame was put on the crew of the Moby Prince
19:05For not using the radar equipment
19:07For not following proper procedures for harbor maneuvering
19:11And for speeding
19:12The press wrongly reported
19:15That the crew was distracted by the UEFA Cup Winners' Cup
19:20Football semifinal
19:22Between Juventus and Barcelona
19:24This accusation was decisively refuted
19:27When Bertrand was interrogated
19:29And declared that the commanding officers
19:32Were at the helm of the ferry
19:34Where they should be
19:36Initial speculation about a rudder malfunction
19:38Or problems with any other critical navigation system
19:43Were dismissed by early surveys by Leghorn's prosecutors
19:47It is still unclear whether U.S. or other naval vessels
19:52Were present in the vicinity of the disaster
19:55At the time of the collision
19:57Radio recordings and verbal accounts
20:00Imply that unregistered ships were probably present
20:03And transfers from cargo ships bearing munitions were alleged
20:08The presence of U.S. Navy ships or military ships
20:13From other nations was repeatedly reported
20:16But their real presence, identity, and activities
20:20Are currently unknown
20:22American ships frequently visited the harbor
20:25As Camp Darby is nearby
20:27The presence of undercover military ships was not unusual
20:33Neither was the use of fake names
20:36When ships were employed in secret military activities
20:40Arms traffic in the Leghorn Harbor
20:43Was allegedly linked to the disaster
20:46As an explanation of the covert ship movements
20:50And of bureaucratic hurdles
20:51Encountered when seeking official documents
20:55From the military commands
20:59Immediately after the disaster
21:01The Leghorn Public Prosecutor
21:03Began proceedings against unknown persons
21:06For failure to assist in culpable homicide
21:10The first trial began on November 29th, 1995
21:15Third Officer Valentino Rolla
21:17Of the Egepo Bruzzo
21:20Acting Commander of the tanker
21:22Was charged with multiple culpable homicide
21:25And arson
21:27Angelo Cedro
21:29Deputy Commander of the Port Authority
21:31And Guard Officer Lorenzo Cicacci
21:34Were charged with multiple culpable homicides
21:37For the lateness of the rescues
21:39Sailor Gianluigi Spartano
21:41Was charged of culpable homicide
21:43For missing the ferry's mayday
21:45Charges against Achille Honorato
21:49The owner of Navarma
21:51And Egepo Bruzzo Commander Renato Soprino
21:55Were dropped
21:57The trial came to an end
21:59Two years later on the night of October 31st, 1997
22:03In a very tense atmosphere
22:05In a courtroom full of police and carabinieri
22:08Jury President Germano Lamberti
22:11Read out the verdict absolving all the accused
22:13This verdict however
22:16Was partially revised on appeal
22:19The Terza Sessione Penale
22:21Third Criminal Court in Florence
22:23Declared that further proceedings
22:25Were not to be taken
22:27Because of a statute of limitations
22:31In November 1997
22:33Eleven members of parliament
22:35Proposed a new commission of inquiry
22:37In addition to the main trial
22:38In addition to the main trial
22:40Two separate cases were examined
22:42In the district court
22:44Moby Prince's first mate
22:46Ciro de Laro
22:48Confessed to tampering with the rudder
22:50In the engine room of the scorched hull
22:52In order to set inquirers on the wrong track
22:55And Pascale Dorsey
22:58Maintenance technician for Navarma
23:01Was accused by Laro
23:03They were both absolved of any offense
23:06In the trial in two appeals
23:08In 2006
23:10At the request of Commander Chess' sons
23:13The Leghorn Public Prosecutor opened a new inquiry into the disaster
23:17New images of the disaster were found in the offices of the Leghorn Public Prosecutor
23:23Confirming the presence of satellite reconnaissance of the area on the night of the collision
23:29In 2009, the Association of Victims' Relatives asked President Giorgio Napolitano to ask Barack Obama to disclose the radar recordings, satellite images, and any other information on the site.
23:44And any other information available to American authorities
23:49In April 2009, Parliamentarian Armete Riolacci called for a new inquiry into the alleged presence of other ships, especially of the U.S. Navy, in the harbor on the night of the disaster.
24:04On November 16, 2007, Fabio Pacelli, a former Army paratrooper, told the press of new information about the disaster that he had found while investigating the death of a relative working for the U.S. Embassy in Rome.
24:21He met with attorney Carlo Palermo, but was later allegedly attacked by four people who kidnapped him, shut him in the trunk of a car, and set it on fire.
24:34However, he managed to escape. An inquiry into the incident was opened.
24:39What the fuck?
24:40In 2009, Alicio Bertrandt was interrogated, again, and the seabed of the harbor was searched, yielding new evidence.
24:51The floating hull remained impounded in the Leghorn Harbor. In 1998, it almost sank, but was raised and sent for scrap to Aliaga, Turkey.
25:01A memorial tablet by Molo Maricio in Leghorn bears the names and ages of the 140 victims of the disaster.
25:15The commune of Livorno dedicated a square and many public events to the victims.
25:31What the commune of Livorno's
25:37The commune of Livorno dedicated to placebo and the security of the U.S. Embassy in Lakewood,
25:43who put Salim 45,000 square minimal of the first two points of invisibleç”°ä¸.
25:47The commune of Livorno-Mov.
25:50The commune of Livorno-Lock, the commune of Livorno-Mov.
25:53The commune of Livorno-Mov.
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