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00:00How are you?
00:29Okay, so we're returning to this topic we've been discussing regarding the most important elements of the theological character of Paul's letter to the Galatians. Another theme he addresses from a theological perspective is the life of God's children.
00:46How are you?
00:48The status of children achieved through baptism will develop dynamically and is brought into concrete life through the spirit.
01:18It truly is a work of the Spirit. It is carried out through the Spirit. That is precisely where our adoption comes from.
01:27This life, according to the spirit, in its concrete expressions, allows us to understand that Christians are truly children of God.
01:39Without this participation of the spirit, we would not even understand ourselves as children of God.
01:47The characteristic of freedom belongs in a particular way to the children of God who have ceased to be slaves.
01:56We are not only children, but in being children of God we attain freedom.
02:03That is why Paul says that we are no longer slaves, but now we are children.
02:09Before, we lived under the tutelage and slavery of the law.
02:15He says, but now as children we have to live in freedom.
02:18And here I'll make a small digression to say that it's important to learn to live in freedom.
02:26And it is precisely the Holy Spirit that gives us this lesson.
02:33He is the one who teaches us to live in freedom.
02:36When the Holy Spirit does not perform this work, and having already been freed,
02:42For if we do not have this action of the Spirit within us,
02:45Therefore, our passions, which operate freely in the heart of man,
02:51because it will lead to the destruction of our lives.
02:54For Paul, freedom has to do with the Christian's capacity for self-giving towards others.
03:03Saint Paul says in the text,
03:06You have been called to be free men,
03:10But make sure that freedom is not a pretext for giving free rein to passions.
03:16Rather, serve one another in love.
03:19Exactly what I was just discussing with you.
03:24In other words, this text wonderfully summarizes the idea that we are free,
03:32the spirit has set us free,
03:34But given our fragile and sinful nature,
03:38because we can fall into the misuse of our freedom,
03:41driven by our passions.
03:43Be very careful, my brothers.
03:46This happens very frequently in the heart of the church,
03:50in the hearts of our Christians.
03:52We must be vigilant so that it doesn't drag us down.
03:55And being free, lest we end up like this again,
03:59because we are truly slaves to our passions,
04:02and with that we lose our freedom and eternal life.
04:08Freedom is opposed to what Paul calls the desires of the flesh.
04:16On one hand, freedom would propel me towards God,
04:21But the desires of the flesh push me towards worldliness.
04:26This is terrible, isn't it?
04:30What a difficult situation we have to deal with,
04:34But the letter helps us to see, to discover,
04:39And as they say colloquially today,
04:41Knowing the problem is already half the solution.
04:45When I know what my problem is,
04:47Well, then I'll be able to act in a more appropriate way.
04:50And I'm going to protect myself, thereby preventing, well,
04:55I may be forced by my passions to live in an inconvenient way
05:00and with that, therefore, lose my relationship with God.
05:03The Christian, a son and free, guided by the Holy Spirit,
05:09Throughout his life, he maintains a behavior marked by love.
05:13Saint Paul thus summarizes in chapter 5,
05:17this relationship that must exist within us Christians.
05:22And well, now I invite you to delve into the topic of the letter
05:28and see some topics that are of interest.
05:31The first one I would like to resume,
05:34which I already made some small reference to in this first explanation,
05:39This is the subject of the dispute between Peter and Paul in Antioch.
05:43This is one of the topics of interest,
05:45given the controversy it creates between Protestants and Catholics
05:49on the authority of Peter and the rejection of the papacy,
05:54This event is called the Antioch Incident.
05:58where Paul, in this letter,
06:00He argues that Peter is not consistent with the faith he professes.
06:05Let's look at this passage more closely.
06:08I invite you to go, then, to chapter 2,
06:11in verse 11 of our text from Galatians.
06:15Says,
06:15So when Peter went to Antioch,
06:19I confronted him about his reprehensible behavior.
06:22Before some arrived from Santiago,
06:26Peter used to eat with the Gentiles,
06:29But when they arrived,
06:31He began to withdraw and separate himself from the Gentiles
06:35out of fear of the supporters of circumcision.
06:37Then the other Jews joined Peter in his hypocrisy,
06:43And even Bernabé himself was drawn into this hypocritical behavior.
06:49When I saw that he was not acting in a way that was right and consistent with the integrity of the Gospel,
06:55I told Pedro in front of everyone,
06:58If you, who are Jewish, live as if you were not,
07:02Why do you force Gentiles to practice Judaism?
07:08To understand this,
07:10Let us first refer to the Council of Jerusalem,
07:14which occurs around the year 48,
07:16in which it is proposed in Antioch
07:19the problem concerning the circumcision of non-Jews,
07:23when the Christians from Judea
07:26They ask for the freedom found in Christ Jesus,
07:29which Paul and Barnabas also invoke
07:32so as not to impose this rite on Christians from pagan backgrounds.
07:37The community, at the council,
07:40He then decided to call the apostles and elders of Jerusalem to account for this.
07:44and sends Paul and Barnabas
07:47with his companion, who was a Greek, Titus,
07:50accompanied by a small delegation
07:53so that they may attend what will be the first council,
07:56called the Council of Jerusalem.
07:58There were the apostles and elders of Jerusalem
08:02They accept Titus as uncircumcised
08:05and thus they recognize
08:07the validity of Paul's announcement
08:09about the freedom of grace.
08:12The assembly, then,
08:14confirms the leaders and principals of the church
08:18and recognizes Peter's missionary vocation
08:21for the circumcised
08:23and from Paul to the uncircumcised.
08:26In fact, there is a form of division of the mission field.
08:32James, Peter, and John
08:34They're going to go after the Jews,
08:37while Paul and Barnabas
08:38They will go towards the pagans.
08:42Now then,
08:42And without intending to get into comments
08:44detailed,
08:47Let's try to understand
08:48the background of the scene
08:51and the mobile phones of the various parties.
08:56On the one hand,
08:57We have the purity laws
08:59as a whole
09:00They became acquainted with Judaism
09:02an increasingly rigorous interpretation.
09:06It was a reaction against the tremendous danger
09:09of the assimilation it exerted
09:11the penetration of Hellenism
09:13at the very heart of Judaism.
09:15Let's remember that we are in the context
09:18of a nation that has been conquered
09:22first by the Greeks
09:24and later by the Romans
09:25and who lives in an environment
09:27who is surrounded by people
09:29that he has not assimilated,
09:31who is not part of God's people.
09:33That's why,
09:34the various spiritual movements
09:36They were rivals in this matter.
09:40The Essenes
09:41They even treated the Pharisees
09:43condescending.
09:46Despite the law of Moses
09:48He said nothing about it,
09:51the custom was introduced
09:52to prohibit eating with pagans
09:54for fear of being stained
09:56with their presence
09:57or with their food
09:59that were not kosher.
10:01Kosher food
10:03It's the food they use
10:05the Jews,
10:07who has no blood,
10:08the meat,
10:10in the end,
10:10It's a very particular kind of food,
10:12It's called kosher food
10:13and precisely
10:15all these rules
10:17that were not
10:18clearly written
10:20in the Old Testament
10:21were adopted
10:22but its purpose is
10:24avoiding pollution
10:26of the town
10:27with the pagans
10:29with which they now
10:30They lived together naturally.
10:32From this we have
10:33a vast reference
10:35in the gospels.
10:37We already know
10:39the reluctance
10:40Peter's
10:41when the celestial vision
10:43invites you to attend
10:44to Cornelius's house.
10:46As it comes upon
10:47Cornelius,
10:49the Holy Spirit
10:50expired
10:50his last hesitations.
10:52A text
10:53marvelous
10:54from Acts 10
10:55where we see
10:56as on one hand
10:57Peter
10:58he doesn't want to kill
10:59and eat
11:00as he says
11:00the voice of heaven
11:02that presents
11:03to all these animals
11:04impure.
11:04finally
11:05he tells her
11:06the Lord
11:07don't have
11:08because of impurity
11:09what I have purified
11:10and then
11:11when it is
11:12already talking
11:13with Cornelius
11:15well it turns out
11:16that the Holy Spirit
11:17descend upon him
11:18And well, it won't fit him anymore.
11:20no doubt
11:20that God
11:22is enabling
11:23just like the Jews
11:24is enabling
11:26also
11:26to the pagans
11:28that had not
11:28circumcised
11:29and that they did not know
11:30absolutely
11:31nothing
11:32of the law
11:33of Moses
11:34however
11:35siblings
11:35the game
11:36I wasn't there
11:37still won
11:38altogether
11:39there was still
11:40to convince
11:41to the brothers
11:42of Jerusalem
11:43and
11:44the ironic
11:45Lucas
11:45leaves us
11:46glimpse
11:47that thing
11:48It wasn't
11:49easy
11:49mindsets
11:51they don't change
11:52one day
11:53for another
11:54and for its part
11:55the community
11:56of Jerusalem
11:57I was looking
11:58stay
11:59faithful
12:00to the observations
12:01beans
12:01Saint Paul
12:03in fact
12:03it says at the end
12:04of this text
12:05of the controversy
12:07says
12:07us
12:08We are Jewish
12:09of birth
12:10We are not
12:11of those pagans
12:12sinners
12:13but we understood
12:15that no
12:15man
12:16is justified
12:17to observe
12:18the law
12:18but by faith
12:20in Christ
12:21Jesus
12:21the Messiah
12:22with this
12:23then it confirms
12:25again
12:26that saves
12:27It is faith
12:28and Peter
12:30that already
12:31has understood
12:32that
12:32has ratified it
12:33precisely
12:34at the council
12:34of Jerusalem
12:35well now
12:36He looks weak.
12:37and at the time
12:38that arrives
12:38people
12:39from Santiago
12:40which are
12:41observers
12:41of the law
12:42which are
12:42Jews
12:43well
12:44has
12:45the vision
12:47to step aside
12:48and begin
12:49Let's eat
12:49only
12:50with the Jews
12:51your food
12:52kosher
12:52the beginning
12:54of this speech
12:55contains
12:56in germ
12:57the entire doctrine
12:58developed
12:58in the letter
12:59to the Romans
13:00in which
13:00It is about
13:01on the one hand
13:01the topic
13:03of sin
13:04and finally
13:05the topic
13:06of the food
13:08coming
13:08to cover
13:09from chapter
13:1014
13:10little of the 13
13:12on the topic
13:13that it is
13:14permitted
13:15and that it is not
13:16allowed to eat
13:17the privileges
13:18that they have enjoyed
13:19the Jews
13:20that they have
13:22adoption
13:23the alliances
13:23by law
13:24and the cult
13:25they cannot
13:26save them
13:27the law
13:28whom they consider
13:29as a path
13:30life
13:30It does no more
13:32that increase
13:32his guilt
13:34says Saint Paul
13:35because they sin
13:36yet
13:37knowledge
13:37of cause
13:38the feeling
13:40of superiority
13:41that they have
13:41the Jews
13:42against the pagans
13:43It's going to take them
13:44right to hypocrisy
13:46That's tremendous!
13:48No
13:48I mean
13:49the topic
13:50arrest
13:51the law
13:52and think
13:53that the law
13:53That's what justifies them
13:54Well, he's going to take them.
13:56to pride
13:56say we
13:57We have it
13:58And you won't have it.
13:59because we
14:00We have it
14:01We handle it
14:02Jesus is going to say
14:03the teachers
14:04of the law
14:05have sat down
14:06in the chair
14:07of Moses
14:07I mean
14:08They teach what Moses
14:10teaches
14:10Yes, but
14:11They don't go in
14:12They won't even let anyone in.
14:13to the others
14:13now we
14:14We handle the law
14:15we are
14:16the owners
14:17of the law
14:18And we say
14:18who is saved
14:20and who is not saved
14:21and not even they themselves
14:21They were going to be saved
14:23so
14:24the topic
14:26TRUE
14:26It has to do with
14:28with this stance
14:29that Saint Paul has
14:30to defend
14:32completely
14:33that
14:33which
14:34does exactly
14:35to the man
14:36It is not compliance
14:37of the works
14:38of the law
14:39in which it is
14:40this whole topic
14:41of what can
14:42or not eat
14:42oh well
14:43Let's stop
14:45just a moment here
14:45and we continue
14:47in our next segment
14:48our analysis
14:50of this topic
14:51of Saint Paul
14:51of Saint Paul
14:54and