Apollo astronauts brought lunar regolith samples back to Earth. In an Earth laboratory, researchers planted Arabidopsis seeds in the material and supplied water and nutrients. The seeds sprouted, but by about six days the seedlings lagged behind plants grown in a volcanic-ash control; their roots were shorter, and later tests showed stress. This was a small model-plant experiment in an Earth lab, not a lunar garden or an edible harvest.
Original illustrations recreate the lab setup; plant sizes are illustrative, not measurements.
Sources:
- Communications Biology — primary experiment: https://www.nature.com/articles/s42003-022-03334-8
- NASA — lunar soil plant experiment summary: https://www.nasa.gov/humans-in-space/scientists-grow-plants-in-lunar-soil/
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