00:00The Pacific is the vast ocean and the most deep and deep ocean of the Earth.
00:05But surprise, surprise, it's in millions of years, it could have completely disappeared.
00:12That would be a great change, you think?
00:14The Americas could end up in collision with the Asia,
00:17forming a new super continent.
00:20And the reason for all this is in the Pacific Ocean.
00:25And yes, the tectonic plates.
00:27But to see exactly what the tectonic plates are coming to do,
00:31we need to first understand what the scientists call the cycle of super continents.
00:39Every 600 millions of years, the continents of the Earth are slowly approaching
00:44and they can form a gigantic super continent.
00:49Then, 200 millions of years later,
00:52around, this super continent begins again to se disloquer.
00:56And all the process begins.
01:00Pongéa, for example.
01:01It was an immense super continent,
01:04in the form of C,
01:05apparu il y a environ 330 millions of years.
01:08Imagine a single huge mass terrestre
01:11of the super continent,
01:14that explains why some continents
01:17ressemblent to pieces of puzzle,
01:19like the South and Africa.
01:22Their côtes seem to be able to be able to
01:24and it's because they were really related.
01:29Pongéa is an example of this cycle of super continents.
01:32And as scientists understand the function of this cycle,
01:37they can predict what could happen afterwards.
01:41According to the current models,
01:43the continents could be together in a few hundreds of millions of years,
01:46to form a new super continent
01:49that scientists have already called Amacia.
01:55Many scientists agree on two things about Amacia.
01:59The name, of course,
02:00and the fact that it would be formed
02:01when the Americas would be in collision with Asia.
02:05But for a long time,
02:06a big debate made rage
02:08on the exact way this collision would be happening.
02:11The super continents
02:13do not always form the same way.
02:16Imagine that a super continent
02:18and that its pieces begin to separate,
02:22creating new oceans between them.
02:25Later, these continents
02:27can again gather together
02:28in two ways.
02:30They can change direction
02:31and close these oceans
02:33more recent,
02:34in re-constant,
02:35the ancient super continent.
02:38Scientists call it
02:39the introversion.
02:41The second possibility
02:43is to continue in the same direction
02:45until the ancient ocean
02:48of the other side
02:49will be in the same direction.
02:50It's called the extroversion.
02:54For Amacia, precisely,
02:56two great theories
02:57explain how it could be formed.
03:00The first,
03:02the scenario of the introversion.
03:04Amacia would be formed
03:05as soon as the Atlantic Ocean
03:07and the Indian
03:07would be slowly
03:08to refer to the Atlantic.
03:10The Atlantic would start to
03:11the Atlantic,
03:12while the new zones
03:13of volcanoes
03:14and hurricanes
03:14will appear
03:15on its borders.
03:17The North would end
03:18in collision
03:19with the Europe
03:20and the Africa
03:21of the North,
03:22while the South
03:23would end up
03:24with the Africa
03:25of the West,
03:25creating huge mountains
03:27where the Atlantic Ocean
03:30would end up
03:33and the Atlantic
03:34would end up
03:34as well as the
03:35Africa,
03:36the India,
03:37the Australia,
03:38the Antarctic
03:39and the Asia
03:40of the West
03:40would end up.
03:42In the end,
03:43Amacia would become
03:44an immense mass
03:45of the Earth
03:45surrounded by a gigantic
03:47super-océan Pacific
03:48with a dry air
03:49and extreme conditions
03:51and more humid
03:52and more humid
03:53and more sujet
03:54to the tempest.
03:55Cool,
03:56but it will not happen.
03:58The problem
03:59is that the Earth
04:00actually moves
04:00in the opposite direction
04:02the Atlantic
04:04continues to move
04:05while the Americas
04:07are away from Europe
04:08and Africa
04:09instead of approaching.
04:11This leads us
04:12to the second theory
04:13on the formation
04:14of Amacia
04:15that is
04:16the extraversion.
04:17In this version,
04:19the Pacific Pacific
04:20continues
04:20to reintroduce
04:21until finally
04:22to disappear
04:23completely.
04:25In fact,
04:26the Pacific Pacific
04:27is surrounded
04:28of a large number
04:29of areas of subduction
04:30that is,
04:31to the places
04:32where a tectonic
04:33is pushed
04:34under another
04:34and plunged
04:36into the depths
04:36of the Earth.
04:38These zones
04:39of subduction
04:40form the
04:41Ceinture
04:41of Feu,
04:42one of the most active
04:44geologically
04:44on Earth.
04:46Along these zones,
04:48the pieces
04:48of the Pacific Pacific
04:49and other
04:50the Pacific Pacific
04:50the Pacific Pacific
04:51are slowly
04:53going through
04:53the Pacific Pacific
04:54of the Earth.
05:00This process
05:01is produced
05:02all around the Pacific.
05:04During the time,
05:05the Pacific Pacific
05:05is slowly approaching
05:05the Americas,
05:07the Asia
05:07and the Australian
05:08the Pacific Pacific
05:09to reduce the size
05:10of the Pacific Pacific.
05:11In clear,
05:13the Pacific
05:13perd
05:14its ancient
05:14oceanic
05:16more quickly
05:16than it can create
05:17a new.
05:18This process
05:19will take hundreds of millions
05:21of years.
05:24But if it continues,
05:26the Pacific
05:26will end up
05:27completely
05:28and reunite
05:29the Americas
05:29and the Asia
05:34Now,
05:35if we stop
05:36to really think
05:36about this theory,
05:37it's crazy.
05:39We're not talking
05:40about a simple
05:40flake
05:41which is sowing.
05:42We're talking about
05:43the Pacific Pacific,
05:44the most big ocean
05:45of the Earth
05:45which is slowly
05:47to be able to disappear
05:49completely a day.
05:52The Pacific
05:53covers more
05:54than 150 millions
05:55of square kilometers.
05:56To give you an idea,
05:58it's more large
05:58than all
05:59continents
05:59of the Earth
06:00reunis.
06:01The big question
06:03is,
06:03why would the Earth
06:04choose a way
06:05rather than the other?
06:07I feel
06:07that the planet
06:08takes the long path
06:09to reunite
06:10continents.
06:13But why?
06:14Well,
06:15a part of the answer
06:16could depend
06:17of the solidity
06:18of the ocean
06:18as well.
06:20When the ocean
06:21and the rocks
06:22located below
06:23are more solid,
06:24the continents
06:24tend to reunite
06:27in perhaps
06:28perhaps
06:28the oceans
06:28the most recent.
06:30But when this
06:31is more fragile,
06:32the continents
06:33can continue
06:33to move away
06:34until the end
06:35of the ocean
06:36of the ocean
06:38located in the other
06:39side.
06:40The fact is
06:41that the interior
06:41of the Earth
06:42has been cold
06:44for hundreds of years
06:45for hundreds of years.
06:46And at the time,
06:47scientists think
06:49that the fish
06:49under our ocean
06:50has changed
06:52the behavior
06:53of the ocean
06:53of the ocean
06:55has changed
06:56the way
06:56the super continents
06:58se reunite.
07:00You see,
07:01in the history
07:02of the Earth,
07:02when the ocean
07:03was more solid,
07:05the continents
07:06had perhaps
07:06more tendance
07:07to reunite
07:08the ocean
07:09the most recent
07:10along the way
07:11of the introversion.
07:13Today,
07:14the ocean
07:14is more fragile,
07:15so scientists
07:16think the way
07:17of the extraversion
07:18is more probable.
07:20In the case of Amasya,
07:22it means
07:22to take the longest path
07:23in general,
07:25the Pacific
07:25should disappear,
07:27not the Atlantic
07:28and the Indian Ocean.
07:30As I said earlier,
07:32this process
07:33has already started.
07:34The Pacific
07:35is essentially
07:36what remains
07:36of the Pantalassa,
07:38the immense ocean
07:39which was before
07:40the Pangae.
07:41And the Pacific
07:42has been
07:43since the time
07:44of the dinosaurs.
07:44So, yes,
07:46it is not something
07:47that scientists think
07:48will be able
07:49to arrive in the future.
07:52It is already
07:53happening.
07:55At the moment,
07:56the Pacific
07:56will be
07:57about 2 cm
07:58or more
07:59by an.
07:59At this rate,
08:01it could be
08:01more than 200
08:02to 300 millions
08:03of years
08:04to keep it completely.
08:07I suppose
08:08that most of us
08:09will not be there
08:09at this moment.
08:11When that happens,
08:12the changes
08:13will be huge.
08:15As soon as
08:15the waves continue
08:16to push each other
08:17against the other,
08:18we could see
08:19the waves
08:19even more powerful
08:20and even new
08:21mountains
08:21will be formed.
08:23The Australia
08:24also plays a major role
08:25in this process.
08:27The simulations
08:27show that
08:28it will first enter
08:29in collision with the Asie.
08:31Then,
08:31at the end,
08:32it will contribute
08:33to the Asie
08:38of the Earth.
08:39The Earth
08:39will be
08:40to the Earth.
08:42The Earth
08:43will be
08:44to the Earth
08:44and the Earth
08:44will be
08:44in a huge
08:46super continent
08:46which will
08:47completely
08:48affect the climate
08:49and the ecosystems
08:50of the planet.
08:52Because
08:53when the continents
08:54move up,
08:55they can block
08:55or modify
08:56important currents
08:58oceanic currents.
08:58And when the continents
08:59are separated,
09:00new currents
09:01can form.
09:02In the two cases,
09:03this could have a huge impact
09:05on the Earth's climate
09:06of the Earth.
09:07The entire
09:08of the super continent
09:09could become very arid
09:11with big differences
09:12between the day
09:14and the night.
09:15The Earth would probably
09:16end up with less
09:17vegetables and animals
09:19than today.
09:21The experts think
09:22that the level
09:23of the Earth
09:23will probably increase
09:24probably.
09:25But it's not something
09:26that we have to worry
09:27about it.
09:30Yes,
09:31the Pacific
09:31is really
09:32but it has nothing to do
09:33with the rise of the
09:34level of the Earth
09:35or with the current change
09:36of the climate
09:37Earth.
09:38The Earth itself
09:39does not disappear.
09:42What is changing
09:43over millions of years
09:44is the size
09:45and the shape
09:46of the ocean oceanic
09:47while the earth
09:48takes place
09:49slowly.
09:51But nothing
09:52will happen
09:53to us.
09:54In fact,
09:55it can even
09:56that humans
09:57will disappear
09:57when this happens.
10:00These discoveries
10:01remain important
10:02because better
10:03we can understand
10:03the future
10:04of the Earth,
10:05better we can understand
10:06how the planet
10:07could change
10:08in the future.
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