أهلاً بكم في الجزء الثاني من رحلتنا داخل الخلية! في هذا الفيديو، نغوص بشكل أعمق في تركيب الـ DNA لنكشف الأسرار الدقيقة التي تجعل من هذا الجزيء المعجز مخزناً لكافة المعلومات الوراثية.
سواء كنت طالباً في المرحلة الثانوية، أو باحثاً، أو حتى محباً للعلم، هذا الشرح مصمم ليبسط لك المعقد ويبدأ معك من "الصفر" حتى الاحتراف.
ماذا ستتعلم في هذا الفيديو؟
بناء النيوكليوتيدة: التعرف على المكونات الثلاثة الأساسية (سكر ديوكسي ريبوز، مجموعة الفوسفات، والقواعد النيتروجينية).
القواعد النيتروجينية: الفرق بين البيورينات والبيريميدينات وقواعد الاقتران (A-T, C-G).
نموذج واتسون وكريك: كيف يتشكل اللولب المزدوج (Double Helix) ولماذا يكون الشريطان في اتجاه متعاكس؟
الروابط الكيميائية: دور الروابط الهيدروجينية والتساهمية في استقرار هيكل الـ DNA.
Rujirat Boonyong
لماذا تشاهد هذا الشرح؟
تبسيط المفاهيم: نستخدم رسوماً توضيحية تجعل التخيل أسهل.
تركيز على النقاط الهامة: نركز على المعلومات التي تتكرر في الاختبارات والأسئلة العلمية.
لغة واضحة: شرح باللغة العربية الفصحى البسيطة والمحببة.
الكلمات المفتاحية (Tags):
#DNA #أحياء #تركيب_الـDNA #علوم #ثانوية_عامة #واتسون_وكريك #وراثة #بيولوجيا_جزيئية #شرح_أحياء #تعليم_مصر
لا تنسوا الإعجاب بالفيديو ومتابعة القناة ليصلكم الجزء الثالث وباقي دروس السلسلة!
سواء كنت طالباً في المرحلة الثانوية، أو باحثاً، أو حتى محباً للعلم، هذا الشرح مصمم ليبسط لك المعقد ويبدأ معك من "الصفر" حتى الاحتراف.
ماذا ستتعلم في هذا الفيديو؟
بناء النيوكليوتيدة: التعرف على المكونات الثلاثة الأساسية (سكر ديوكسي ريبوز، مجموعة الفوسفات، والقواعد النيتروجينية).
القواعد النيتروجينية: الفرق بين البيورينات والبيريميدينات وقواعد الاقتران (A-T, C-G).
نموذج واتسون وكريك: كيف يتشكل اللولب المزدوج (Double Helix) ولماذا يكون الشريطان في اتجاه متعاكس؟
الروابط الكيميائية: دور الروابط الهيدروجينية والتساهمية في استقرار هيكل الـ DNA.
Rujirat Boonyong
لماذا تشاهد هذا الشرح؟
تبسيط المفاهيم: نستخدم رسوماً توضيحية تجعل التخيل أسهل.
تركيز على النقاط الهامة: نركز على المعلومات التي تتكرر في الاختبارات والأسئلة العلمية.
لغة واضحة: شرح باللغة العربية الفصحى البسيطة والمحببة.
الكلمات المفتاحية (Tags):
#DNA #أحياء #تركيب_الـDNA #علوم #ثانوية_عامة #واتسون_وكريك #وراثة #بيولوجيا_جزيئية #شرح_أحياء #تعليم_مصر
لا تنسوا الإعجاب بالفيديو ومتابعة القناة ليصلكم الجزء الثالث وباقي دروس السلسلة!
Category
📚
LearningTranscript
00:00In the name of God, the Most Gracious, the Most Merciful, and peace and blessings be upon the ten descendants of the Prophet.
00:02Dear third-year students
00:05God willing, today we will continue together with the links that connect the D&A tape.
00:31We stopped in the previous session, in the youth or urban areas, regarding the link, of course, what
00:39I learned that D&A consists of consecutive units or sequences of nucleotides.
00:46And we said, of course, the leftover portion or the leftover vegetables, we talked about it.
00:51This is a necessary statement, it's sugar, and of course, it's sitting.
00:57Nitrogen and phosphate groups, of course, we talked about them in the previous lesson.
01:07The troughs, guys, and God willing, we'll continue today.
01:12What connects these components? What connects the base?
01:16Metrogen with sugar and phosphate, of course, yes, we talked about that in the last lesson.
01:22We said yes to some things and we will continue today, God willing. I have a type
01:27Regarding content links, we focus on certain types of links, including those needed.
01:31They are called toxic bonds, and we studied them in chemistry.
01:35Hydrogen, where is this and where is this? Where is this place and where is this place?
01:39What exactly does it do, or what exactly does it connect? Let's see.
01:44Here are some pictures, guys, that illustrate what the links are about.
01:51Let's focus together, guys. This whole "links" thing is very important. How do I find out?
02:01What is the religion, or how is this tape connected? We'll explain that.
02:09The image in front shows, of course, nucleotides together or on top of each other.
02:15Some of them are complete? Or are they connected? How are they connected? We'll find out now, God willing.
02:20Guys. Like I told you, yes, this is what it is: sugar and base.
02:26And phosphate is number one, two, three, four, and of course, your descent is now number
02:31Five above it is Khali Park, the police above that are in the car.
02:34Why do I put it? To differentiate between the nitrogenous base and the ring or
02:41The numbering of rings in a nitrogenous base. Okay, so...
02:47We're talking about links. I have, guys, two types of links: links
02:51Covalent bonds, also known as hydrogen bonds. Let's focus on this.
02:56Yes, of course, as you can see, this rule is being discussed. Let's focus on this rule.
03:02The sugar ring, or the sugar part, is held together by a covalent bond called a covalent bond.
03:08It's collaborative. I don't want you to memorize verbatim, meaning the exact text of the books or whatever.
03:13The information, and then yes, memorize the text. Nitrogenous base. We nitrate.
03:19Sugar is a covalent bond. Okay? Here, of course, we said here that there is a loss of water. Loss
03:25Part 100 H2OOHOHOH. Okay? OHH comes from Mazara
03:31The first cable and the glitch come from which base? The nitrogenous one.
03:35To form a covalent bond. To connect the base to the sugar. Okay.
03:40Let's focus on sugar now. How does sugar bind to phosphates, guys?
03:53So how do I connect these phosphates, as you can see? Okay? I'll connect them.
03:58Sugar is bonded to phosphate via a covalent bond. Here I have it.
04:01A covalent bond. Here's another covalent bond. Okay? Ah, it's also a type of bond.
04:07What? I lost water. I lost water to form a covalent bond. It bonds between
04:12Yes, it connects. Carbon dioxide, number five. Okay? It's the phosphate bond.
04:20Saumiya. I have another Saumiya link, yes, it has a print version. Okay? Yes.
04:24Below here, guys, is of course a nucleotide. I'll just tie it below.
04:29I connect them underneath. Yes, they connect underneath and above because I'm focusing on them very closely.
04:35The sugar nucleotide is linked both above and below. The sugar is linked both above and below.
04:40By tying it up from above with a Saumite knot. Carbon pressure number five. What does it have?
04:45It forms a bond with the phosphate. And it's also underneath.
04:51Carbon Ministry number three is very important; we need to know how much. Carbon Ministry number
04:56Three forms a saturation bond with the phosphate below it, right? Also
05:02By linking the loss of water to the loss of carbon dioxide, the loss is related to the loss of water. The loss of carbon dioxide is related to the loss of water.
05:13A molecule. I have it like this up to the bargaining point. What is it now?
05:18You are a bargaining chip between a nitrogenous base and sugar. Okay, and a base
05:22Nitrogen above. Shown carbon atom number five and phosphide. Bond
05:27Compromise. Okay? Well, they escaped underneath too, with a compromise tie. An nucleotide
05:33Hey guys, I'm tying it up and down. Up with a bargaining tie. The carbon atom is showing.
05:42Of course, the third carbon atom is the one that's phosphide. Okay?
05:51I'll repeat the words again so they're remembered. Compromise links. Three.
05:57Types of bargaining ties. "Birbutli" means...
06:03So, they're tying the strip for me. Okay? They're tying the sugar to the base and then tying it.
06:12Sugar also contains phosphates, both above and below. Okay?
06:17How do I connect these rules to the most important part of the religion?
06:25How do nucleotides bond together? The first bond is a compromise bond.
06:32Between the base and the base, nitrogen. Okay? Nitrogen base. Okay? Or leaders
06:37Nitrogen with one carbon atom. The last part is 100. This part is 100.
06:42H2O. I got the H from the Kapoor button number one. And the H from
06:46The nitrogenous base. Okay. I want to connect it up and down. I haven't connected it yet.
06:51Up and down. I want to tie it up and down. Tie it up and down with a bargaining tie.
06:55Okay? A bargaining tie above the five-stringed Kabour. Okay? Hello H
06:59Hers too. With the phosphate, okay? And I'm taking H from the phosphate.
07:05H Ministry of Kabour, we're confused, or H, so I can get water and make a tie, a tie
07:10Strong bargaining. A pillow underneath? No, I still have to tie it underneath. A tie underneath.
07:15Is it okay between Kapoor's button three and the phosphata? What's happening?
07:20I'm also removing water. Where do I get water from? I'll take it from...
07:26Ministry of Kabour, number three, okay? And the H from the phosphates to remove water
07:32Make a bargaining tie. That's three ties. That's three bargaining ties.
07:37Is the sugar part of the sugar section okay? Or is the sugar ring above and below it?
07:43And the nitrogenous base. And in other compensatory bonds. And in bonds.
07:48There are inherently compromised relationships within the sugar component. There are inherently compromised relationships within the component.
07:53What? Or in the sugar ring, okay? We show the carbon atoms, and of course we show
08:00The one that released oxygen, is it a mask? Yes, here in the links.
08:07Covalent. Okay? So, I've talked about the covalent bonds found in
08:13DNA. Okay? We said four links, no problem. Yeah, that's it.
08:21A natogenic base is a link between two natogenic bases and a sugar. There are two such links.
08:28Also? A tie on top and a tie that binds the sugar to the phosphate on top. And a tie
08:36It bonds the sugar to the phosphate underneath, other than the covalent bonds of course
08:40What's inside the verse? He said the sugar loop itself. Okay, come on.
08:46So let's see how he's talking about this? And here there's something called
08:52Of course, the link is the single word above, but this is obviously... well, we won't focus on that.
08:58Okay, so what about hydrogen bonds? Of course, it's shown in a diagram below, like...
09:01We're healed, guys. Show me the covalent bonds and what other types of bonds there are.
09:05What is the verse? Hydrogen bonds. (This appears to be a fragment of a larger text, possibly related to a science or field.)
09:28Do you even know what DNA is? What DNA is? I still don't know. I still don't know.
09:32DNA is expressed as two strands. Two strands. Okay? Two strands and two functions.
09:38If it weren't for the double bond. Okay. Of course, hydrogen bonding is an important bond here.
09:43Absolutely. So, what are they between? The nitrogenous bases. Okay?
09:47And it's necessary. I'll talk about all of this later in the spatial aspect. But I
09:51I'm studying chemistry now, guys. I'm studying what kind of chemistry it is.
09:54How? Its connections to its components. Okay? I'll talk about the shape of the space later, God willing.
10:00What I see in front of me, guys, are the nitrogenous bases. Four bases.
10:03Nitrogenous DNA, specifically? They bond together. Of course not.
10:08They are tied together so that the two strips are connected. What rules govern their connection?
10:13They are linked, of course, by something called hydrogen bonds. By hydrogen bonds.
10:19Hydrogen bonding remains a weak link, guys, because it obviously depends on electric chargers.
10:25Okay? And it's always between oxygen and hydrogen or hydrogen and nitrogen.
10:32That's why we call them hydrogen bases.
10:34This is hydrogen oxygen, hydrogen nitrogen, hydrogen oxygen, that's it?
10:39Okay, exactly between the two adenos and the two systolic bonds, two hydrogen bonds are formed.
10:50Between cytosine and guanine there is a hydrogen bond.
10:54This view is extremely important because it contains crucial information.
10:58Which is what? Which is, guys, there must be a double rule.
11:03Which is, for example, two times with fasting, you need two, one double.
11:09One is a single word, right? It has to be two, two together. There can't be two.
11:13Two things together, there's nothing wrong with that, young people, we call it the hydrogen bond.
11:18Okay? I need to know their number if I'm going to follow the rule of the two debtors with the fasting people.
11:22I know that they are using this statement in legal matters if it is a general rule.
11:25Cytosine and guanine, I know they have a triple hydrogen bond. Come on.
11:30Shall we continue our conversation? Here too, what does each tape tell me?
11:34The religion of the verse has two ends, one of which is that which is found at the other end, five.
11:39The remaining phosphate group is free and unbound, while the other group is present.
11:43At the third end, the phosphate group is attached, which is free.
11:46He wants to tell me to get a picture, like this. He wants to tell me that the tape...
11:53What's the religion? Yes, there are pictures. Let's look at the pictures in the book.
12:00He wants to tell me what religion is. Let's look at a complete picture of what religion is, okay?
12:05The view in front of me is of young people here, of course, here's phosphate, walking and the area
12:10The "tamya" (a type of phosphate) is the one that has this phosphate here, and here it's okay?
12:16And here, here, and here, phosphate, okay? Aaa, part of the religion, what's it for? Two by two, I mean...
12:26Two free-form phosphates and two free-form OHs, that's why
12:31We're still going to name the DNA molecule. Here it tells me to enter...
12:39Adenine is a component of the adenosine phosphate molecule, which is 100% ATP.
12:42The energy currency in Hebron, we need to understand this information, it's very important, let's focus together.
12:48Adenine with sugar has three phosphate groups, and if I remove two of these groups...
12:54What type of nucleotide is it? (A) Adenine nucleotide?
13:00Adenine is fine, but I've added two more phosphate groups here, that's why it's called
13:06Adenosine phosphate (ADP) - by the way, young people
13:12I want to tell you that sugar, when combined with sitting, is called a nucleoside, or its name.
13:19Nucleo Seda
13:21Sugar with sitting
13:23His name is Nucleo Seed
13:25or Nucleo Seda
13:27Okay?
13:29Sugar with sitting
13:31With one phosphate called
13:33Nucleo Seda
13:34I need to pay very, very close attention to this.
13:37good
13:38Nucleomaster
13:40Nucleomaster
13:42Which is of the adenine type
13:44It means his sitting is two hours long
13:45If he were to get involved with one
13:47What is phosphate?
13:49Is it a nucleotide? Of the adenylyl or nucleotide type?
13:53Adenosine, if it binds to three phosphates, its name becomes
14:01Adenosine Adenosine Selasi Adenosine This is adenosine, guys
14:06So, phosphate sulfate is fine? Okay, for example, if it's of the guanine type, what's it called?
14:15Guanzin, okay? Yeah, yeah, and so on, guys. Okay, give us the sugar below first.
14:22Three phosphate groups, that's called adenosine, so it's called adenosine.
14:28This structure, each one, is called a nucleoside, right? Sugar and nucleoside.
14:34Sida Tayeb, adenosine, this is a young, phosphate-based product. This is why it's necessary.
14:39As you can see, let's accept this, guys.
14:46Oh, you brought me a picture here, a picture here, down there. Oh, how am I unpacking it?
14:52What is adenosine and how does it give me energy? I need to know, guys.
14:58Sodium is very important. Adenosine, they say, is the energy currency in the clitoris.
15:02What is the source of the energy? Firstly, how does it store it? And how is it released?
15:09How does energy work? Let's focus on what comes next. It's called MP, which is the base.
15:14The youth, which is what I mean, is the regular nucleoside. The MP
15:17A normal nucleoside. I added a 'b' to it. I mean, I added another one to it.
15:25What phosphate is ADP? Well, I also added phosphate to it, so it became ATP.
15:31This way, guys, I'm storing energy. This direction, guys, is storing energy in
15:37Energy currency. Okay? So if I want to break it, I need energy. I need energy to break it.
15:42So how does it work? It works by breaking the bonds between the phosphate atoms or
15:48Phosphate groups. Break the bonds between the phosphate groups to obtain
15:52Energy. They form bonds to store energy. That's it? That's for now, guys.
16:00What is the chemical composition of religion? I haven't even talked about the composition yet.
16:05The vacuum and the lady's experiments regarding the structure, what does it look like? I mean, the components.
16:14I still don't know what all of this looks like. I don't know yet, I know that
16:17These chemical components are sugar, sodium, and phosphate. So what do they look like?
16:23I mean, how is it arranged? Or what does it look like? I still don't know yet. Until now, I am
16:27I didn't know. Until Mrs. Franklin's experiments came along. To prove to me or
16:34Show me the shape. Or after that, of course, continue with the two scientists, Watson and Crick.
16:42Of course, they've put together a model; we'll discuss it in detail later, God willing. Model
16:46Watson and Crick. Okay? The chemical composition of religion is extremely important to me.
16:53How many free phosphate groups? Two. How many free OH groups? Two.
16:58Links. Links are extremely important. I have covalent links and AA links.
17:05Hydrogen bonds. Covalent bonds. Why do covalent bonds form?
17:11Covalent bonds? Let's look at an important image and examine the covalent bonds.
17:15What do covalent bonds connect? All covalent bonds
17:19It will bind the sugar to its surroundings. Now pay attention. Covalent bonds are what connect it.
17:24Sugar is what's around it. What's around it? What's around it, man?
17:28I already know that what's around him is one thing, a phosphate, and that's why he's in it.
17:33Two, one above, one below, phosphate above, above, and below, to make
17:37The tape. So, let's see this, guys. So, what should I do, of course?
17:43The tape. We need the tape, guys. Let's take a look. Okay? Because
17:49Make the strip, one on top. One. What's on top? Phosphate
17:55Under phosphate, under phosphate, and above phosphate. Okay? So I can tie the tape. In
17:59What else is a nucleogenic rule? It's all about sugar binding to its surroundings.
18:03Your intention is pure. Through covalent bonds. Here is a covalent bond between the base
18:09The Ministry of Turkbur, how many people? We'll do the details. Here's a rule, here's a link.
18:13Covalent between Alu H. Alu H Haya D. Okay? Which is the one
18:17Zara Turkbur No. 3. And the phosphate below it is also tied up.
18:21By covalent bond. Also, between Zara Turkbur number five. And of course, the B
18:26The one above it, the phosphate group above it, is also covalently linked. So, what's between them?
18:31What about the rules, guys? No, there's no connection between the rules themselves.
18:38And some of them, guys, are linked to something called "Asmar," which is a link to the verse? Hydrogen bonding or...
18:42What are hydrogen bonds? And these are somewhat weak bonds because they are
18:46Ah, so it's basically a series of links that depend on what is negative.
18:52Electricity or electrical charge between the oh and the h or h
18:57And that's it. Okay? Oh, thank you so much, guys. God willing.
19:02In the next video, God willing, we'll talk.
19:06In detail about the spatial form of Franklin's experiments and the Woodson and Crave models.
19:11Okay, we'll talk in detail now about what these craving ingredients look like together.
19:15Its exact shape. Okay? Yes, in the three-dimensional model we'll talk in detail about each one.
19:21Something. Please subscribe to the channel and turn on notifications. And support us with a like.
19:27Thank you very much if you find it, guys, God willing.
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