00:00While we are in the electoral campaign and we are preparing to vote,
00:03I want to tell you that many of us could not vote.
00:08Come with me to see how the history of the right to vote in Colombia has been.
00:16During the Patria Boba, that is, between 1810 and 1816,
00:22they could only vote for the men who were married and were married.
00:25They would go to the parroquias and vote for some electors.
00:28And then, those electors were the ones who selected the president, the vice president and the senadores.
00:35That was called suffragio indirecto.
00:37Ah, and ojo, because to be elected, you had to have more than 25 years,
00:42learn and write, and as a minimum, earn more than 300 pesos a year.
00:46That means that it was a elite.
00:48Then, in the Gran Colombia, between 1819 and 1821,
00:54the Constitution began to talk about ciudadanía.
00:56And then, they said that all citizens could vote.
01:00But ojo, because to be considered a citizen,
01:03you had to be more than 21 years old,
01:05be married,
01:06and basically, be rich.
01:08And also, you had to work in a useful job.
01:11Those journalists, we're kidding.
01:12And that's it,
01:13we're not being a woman,
01:14because we're less than women, right?
01:16After that,
01:17they passed 32 years old
01:19and the Constitution came to 1853,
01:22which made several interesting things.
01:24First,
01:25abolished the esclavity.
01:26Second,
01:26said that to be a citizen,
01:28only had to be a mayor of age and be married.
01:31Ah,
01:32and be a man.
01:32Third,
01:33eliminated the electors.
01:34Now, people would vote for the president,
01:37vice-president,
01:38magistrados of the Supreme Court of Justice,
01:41and others more.
01:42Fourth,
01:42the title of the elector,
01:44which was a paper that you had to take to vote.
01:47Fifth,
01:48in 1855,
01:50people began to deposit their votes in the elections,
01:53like the ones we have today.
01:54Because of this,
01:55Mariano Espina Pérez
01:56was the first president
01:57elected for the Supreme Court of Justice.
01:59Casi a century later,
02:01they created an entity called the Oficina Electoral,
02:03which belonged to the police,
02:04and which expedited an election.
02:06Only until 1954,
02:09that is,
02:09only 64 years ago,
02:11allowed women to vote.
02:1364 years?
02:14Casi nothing.
02:15And in fact,
02:16the first election in which we participated
02:18was in 1957,
02:20by a plebiscito
02:21that established the National Front.
02:22There could vote
02:23every person,
02:24a male or female,
02:25of 21 years old.
02:26Then,
02:27the Constitution of 1991
02:28says that
02:29every person,
02:30of 18 years old,
02:31can vote,
02:32unless it is a military.
02:33And also,
02:33that the Colombian people
02:35choose their alcaldes
02:36and governors,
02:37who before were selected
02:38by the president of turn.
02:40So,
02:41when they vote this 27 May,
02:43it is worth remembering
02:44that this is a law
02:45that many Colombians
02:47have been denied
02:47for a long time.
02:52go!
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