00:02Oh, hey, hi! I'm Crazy at Chris and welcome to So Cool Science!
00:07Science you can do right at home.
00:10I'm just looking at my DNA and going over today's science file.
00:16In today's science file, it says...
00:20Can you see your DNA without a microscope?
00:24That's an awesome question. Try this.
00:33You will need a cup, some salt, some rubbing alcohol, soap, and a toothpick.
00:40Now, before we get started, you want to make sure that your mouth is cleaned out of any gunk.
00:45So, you're going to rinse and spit.
00:50Okay, so now you're going to work up some mouth juice.
00:53Otherwise, you have to wait until it goes on sale.
00:56Now, you're going to use your tongue to scrape off some cheek sounds.
01:02And then you're going to take your mouth juice and you're going to spit it into a plastic cup.
01:08Okay, so now you've got to get yourself some soap.
01:13Yeah, the same stuff you use to wash your hands.
01:16And you're going to squeeze two drops of soap into your spit.
01:22Okay, so now you want to get yourself some salt.
01:25That's right. You want to sprinkle a little bit of salt into your mouth juice.
01:30Okay, so now you're going to get yourself some rubbing alcohol.
01:35You're going to pour about 50 or so millimeters of this stuff over your spit.
01:41Okay, so now you're going to let this sit for about three to five minutes.
01:44And then, check it out.
01:46You're going to take your twist tie, dip it in the mixture, and you're going to pull out a string
01:51of your DNA.
01:53Wow, now check that out.
01:55You can actually see a strand of your DNA right there.
02:00Well, that's so wicked cool.
02:02So, how come we can see the DNA?
02:05Well, don't look at me.
02:07Take a closer look at this.
02:10When you rub your tongue on your cheek, you dislodge cheek cells into your saliva.
02:15When you add soap to your saliva, the soap breaks down the cell's membrane as well as the nuclear membrane,
02:21freeing the DNA from the cell.
02:23When you add the salt to the mixture, this helps the DNA recombine into strands or clumps.
02:29The rubbing alcohol stops the water from dissolving the DNA away once the clumps and strands are formed.
02:34Sex cells are formed through a process similar to mitosis, but instead undergo a process known as meiosis.
02:42Just like in mitosis, sex cells start out by replicating chromosomes, which line up at the center of the cell,
02:48with spindle fibers attached to centrials.
02:50These centrials pull the paired chromosomes to opposite sides of the cell, until the cell divides into two new daughter
02:58cells.
02:58Unlike mitosis, though, these new cells split a second time without replicating the chromosomes this time.
03:05Spindle fibers attach to the centrials again, except this time the chromosomes are pulled apart, so that each new cell
03:11will only have half the number of chromosomes of the original cell.
03:15In male sex cell formation, these four new cells will form four new spermatozoa.
03:19Whereas in female sex cell formation, only the cell with the most cytoplasm will become an ovum.
03:26The other three shrivel up and die.
03:29So now you know more about oxyribonucleic acid.
03:33You know, seeing your very own DNA right at home is why science is so cool.
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