00:00There are so many things to do in any glacier region.
00:04You can learn...
00:05So cool science!
00:12How do we know the Earth's crust is broken into plates?
00:16Well, that's a wicked cool question, and today I got a wicked cool demo
00:20that's gonna have you yodeling in the mountains.
00:27Because today I'm gonna show you something wicked cool that you can do with your pants.
00:32And no, no, I'm not talking about mooning someone.
00:36While farting.
00:38And oh yeah, we're gonna be cutting into those pants,
00:41so you're definitely gonna wanna get a rusty, dusty old pair
00:44because you don't wanna do this with a new pair.
00:46You know, cause your parents are gonna throw a fit, throw it out,
00:50and then throw you, ha ha, in lockdown.
00:55All right, now that you have your earth layers and a thrift store donation,
01:00Mamacita!
01:01It's time to put this sucker together.
01:04Lay one of the pant legs so that part of it hangs over a table.
01:07Place something in the way to keep it in place.
01:09Roll out your second one on top,
01:10and leave a few centimeters between the edge of the table.
01:13And now all you gotta do is pull the bottom layer down,
01:16and I'm not just pulling your pant leg,
01:18I'm showing you wicked cool demonstration.
01:28Whoa, now check that out!
01:30When you pull the bottom layer down, the top layer crunches up!
01:33Into mountains!
01:35Yeah, just like how mountains form here on Earth.
01:36Yeah, it's something wicked cool, right?
01:37So you got your own mountains right here,
01:39where you can make them right there, right there,
01:40right there, right there.
01:41To the finest mountain country in America.
01:43What does this have to do with, well, how mountains form right here on Earth?
01:47And how do we know that the Earth's crust is moving right now?
01:51Well, don't look at me.
01:53Take a closer look at this.
01:56A meteorologist named Alfred Wagner was the first to bring together the evidence
02:00that the continents must have all been one giant landmass at some point in time.
02:05Animal and plant fossils were found to be the same on two different continents,
02:08even though they were an ocean apart.
02:10As well as the age, layers, and rock types all matched exactly based upon rock studies.
02:16Rock layers near ocean ridges are younger than rock layers further away from the ridges.
02:21Today we know the Earth's core is super hot.
02:23Its heat pushes up through the mantle.
02:25The cooler crustal plates get pushed on by convection currents.
02:28Sometimes the plates move apart from each other, or divergence.
02:32Where magma rises up, creates volcanoes as well as new land.
02:36Other times plates move towards each other, or convergence.
02:39Where one plate moves under the other plate, or subducting.
02:42As the soft upper lithosphere gets pushed into another plate's lithosphere,
02:45the material gets pushed up, folds over on itself, and forms mountains.
02:50The Indian plate is still moving today towards the Eurasian plate,
02:53which means the Himalayas are growing one centimeter every year.
02:56So now you know more about the Earth's lithosphere.
02:59You know, being able to make your own mountains with a pair of pants,
03:03right at home, is why science is so groundbreaking.
Comments