- há 13 horas
Calvi is forced to flee Italy as the sinister interests of the Mafia, the Vatican and the secret Masonic Lodge P2 align in the final days leading up to the murder of God's Banker.
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00:02There's no doubt that there were people who were petrified about what Calvi might say.
00:09He was under incredible stress.
00:12With Jen Lee and the Mosonic Lodge P2 gone, Calvi feels naked.
00:19He hasn't got the protection that he once had.
00:24Calvi had tried to commit suicide in prison.
00:27It was a scare cat, nowhere to go.
00:30It is an indication that Calvi is prepared to resort to desperate measures.
00:37Calvi was convicted.
00:39His passport was taken away and he was forbidden to leave the country.
00:44And this was not known to very many people.
00:47The bank itself was rotting from the inside.
00:50It was technically insolvent.
00:53Now unable to travel internationally, how will Calvi raise the money he needs to save his bank?
01:00It's a growing level of chaos and isolation around him until in the end, he's found hanging under a bridge
01:08in London.
01:09The bank.
01:10The bank.
01:12The bank.
01:24The bank.
01:50MUSIC CONTINUES
01:51Because more evidence had emerged
01:53as to possibility that he was killed,
01:56including a lot of the fruits
01:59of the Kroll investigation.
02:02Maybe more witnesses were offering different scenarios
02:05under which he might have been killed.
02:08I think there was sort of gathering pressure
02:10that the official explanation
02:12for what had happened was inadequate.
02:14And as a result, in 1998,
02:18Calvi's body is exhumed from the family tomb
02:22in Drezzo to be re-examined.
02:25Maybe provided the evidence
02:27that Calvi had been murdered
02:29and that leads towards the murder trial
02:32held in Rome in 2005.
02:35It's time to open up a murder probe in Italy.
02:54The trial was sent in a court
02:57that's attached to Rabibia prison,
03:00a sort of fortified high security courtroom,
03:03a scene of the big criminal trials in Rome,
03:07even today.
03:08The prosecutor, Luca Tescaroli,
03:12prepared the case.
03:13It was a difficult uphill battle.
03:16Decades had passed,
03:18so a lot of witnesses had died.
03:32The murder trial itself made available
03:35a huge quantity of documentary evidence
03:38by the prosecutors.
03:40of the police.
03:42Many of them had an interest
03:45that had been eliminated.
03:48Roberto Calvi was operating
03:51a persistent activity
03:54of arresting
03:56against the subjects
03:58who detained the power.
04:04the police.
04:05Back in 1981,
04:07Calvi was released from prison
04:09temporarily on bail
04:12pending appeal of the conviction.
04:15If you want evidence
04:17of the ironclad control
04:20that Calvi had over Ambrosiam,
04:22it is that days after his conviction
04:24he chaired a meeting of the board
04:27and the first thing that they did
04:30was not vote him out of office.
04:32They have a conviction
04:34of the head of the bank
04:35creating all types of liability issues for them.
04:38It's unbelievable.
04:39They didn't even realize
04:41the extent to which
04:42he had put the bank into a hole.
04:45Investigators later found out
04:46that Ambrosiano subsidiaries
04:48had borrowed and shuffled
04:49around a billion dollars in loans
04:51and the Vatican Bank owed
04:53about 120 million dollars of that.
04:55Calvi took the money
04:57for share buybacks
04:58for Ambrosiano
04:58and inflated the price wildly.
05:01Everything was a wall of mirrors.
05:03Nothing was real.
05:06That was a serious problem.
05:08By the end of 1981,
05:11six months before his death,
05:13Calvi is unable to raise the money
05:15he needs to stop his convoluted
05:17ghost company network from unraveling.
05:20With no one else to turn to,
05:22Calvi is at the mercy of Marchinkus
05:24with his insatiable appetite
05:26for funds for the Vatican Bank.
05:30The suggestion is that
05:31one of the channels
05:33through which the lifeblood
05:35of the Bank of Ambrosiano
05:36hemorrhaged
05:37was this financial support
05:39for the solidarity trade union.
05:41And it's possible that Calvi
05:43provided this money
05:44on the assumption
05:45that it was a loan
05:46and he would be repaid.
05:47And particularly,
05:48that point would be
05:49when he was desperately
05:50short of money
05:51and facing bankruptcy.
05:53Clutching at anything
05:55that can keep him afloat.
06:00Calvi had sought the assistance
06:02of Marchinkus.
06:04But he didn't have the money
06:06to pay back
06:06and I think he didn't recognise
06:08the obligation to do it.
06:10It came to the point
06:12that Marchinkus
06:13just faced him down.
06:15It's clearly a risky gamble
06:17that they've been involved in.
06:21Marchinkus had agreed
06:23to give Calvi these letters
06:25saying that
06:25the Vatican Bank
06:27assumed a direct responsibility
06:29for some of these
06:31very heavily indebted
06:32offshore companies.
06:33What Marchinkus also did,
06:35however,
06:36was he issued
06:36counter-letters
06:38nullifying
06:39the comfort letters
06:41in which he said
06:42basically
06:42we don't have any
06:43responsibility
06:44for these debts
06:45whatsoever.
06:47It was a kind of
06:48very high stakes poker game
06:50and he called his bluff.
06:53Marchinkus will vouch
06:54for Ambrosiano debts
06:55only if Calvi promises
06:57that the Vatican
06:58will never have to pay them.
07:01And Calvi was desperate
07:02enough to agree.
07:05By doing this,
07:06this is out and out fraud.
07:15There's a moment
07:17of absolute panic
07:17that comes into somebody
07:18who's created a complex
07:20network that depends
07:21on servicing the loans
07:23which are inflating
07:25the assets and values
07:26of all of your companies.
07:27The minute you stop
07:29servicing one loan,
07:30it's sort of like
07:31a domino effect.
07:33puts him into a frenzy
07:34and a panic.
07:35If he can't raise
07:36the money,
07:37he's in trouble.
07:38As Calvi goes on
07:39his search to bail out
07:40the bank from
07:41its mounting debts,
07:43his straight-arrow deputy,
07:45Roberto Rosone,
07:47continues to block
07:48his creative attempts
07:49at financing.
07:50Rosone started asking
07:52awkward questions.
07:56It's also important
07:57to remember
07:58the close financial ties
08:00between the Ambrosiano
08:01and the Sicilian Mafia.
08:05To go against those
08:06common interests
08:07is to risk your life.
08:10Rosone is shot
08:12and wounded
08:13in downtown Milan.
08:23The hitman is killed
08:25by a security guard.
08:26Soon after,
08:28he is identified
08:29as Danilo Abrucciati,
08:31the head of the infamous
08:33Maliana gang.
08:35Organized crime groups
08:37such as
08:38the Banda della Magliana
08:39can act as the tool
08:41of others.
08:43For example,
08:43providing hitman services.
08:47The Banda della Magliana
08:49has close ties
08:50to Pippo Callao
08:51and the Sicilian Mafia.
08:53They, of course,
08:54are hoping to get
08:55their money back.
08:58Calvi was trying
09:00to find
09:00some sort of a deal
09:01to rescue
09:02Banco Ambrosiano.
09:04There was talk
09:05of Arab oil money,
09:07Iranian money
09:08from people
09:08who had become rich
09:10under the Shah of Iran.
09:12A deal involving
09:13Opus Dei,
09:14the secretive
09:15right-wing organization
09:16that's part
09:17of the Catholic Church.
09:19Opus Dei would fit the bill
09:22in terms of being
09:22a rich organization
09:23and would be inclined
09:25to have a better
09:25help somebody
09:26if that helped
09:27the Church and the Pope.
09:29Opus Dei has denied
09:30that there were
09:31any contact with him
09:32and that there was
09:33any idea of them
09:34stepping in
09:35to bail him out.
09:37All of these deals
09:38were pie in the sky
09:39because they would
09:40have required
09:41an investor
09:42spending vastly
09:43more money
09:44than the bank
09:45was really worth.
09:47Roberto Calvi
09:48era divenuto
09:50un pericolo
09:51per il sistema
09:51costituito da
09:53P2,
09:54Yord
09:55a mafia.
09:56He had burned
09:57a lot of institutions.
09:59He had taken money.
10:00He had lost money
10:01for powerful people.
10:02More has come out
10:04in the murder trial.
10:05More came out
10:06about mafia connections
10:07that wasn't known
10:08at the time.
10:09What led to the death
10:11was the fear
10:12he was talking.
10:13The people that are worried
10:14about what Calvi says
10:15are the La Cosa Nostra,
10:17the people on the mob,
10:18the people he's paid money
10:19to and they're worried.
10:20And it was also
10:21shown that
10:22Cosa Nostra
10:23had taken care of
10:25the methods
10:25of elimination
10:26of subjects
10:27with basically analogies
10:31that are
10:32homicides
10:32by simulation
10:33of suicide.
10:36Some of the defendants
10:37who were
10:38the ones who
10:40accompanied
10:40Calvi
10:41on his last visit
10:43to London
10:44and arranged his accommodation.
11:01There was very damning evidence
11:04from a witness, Antonino Giuffre,
11:06who's been a very high-level member
11:08of Cosa Nostra.
11:10He gave a description
11:12of classic mafia murder
11:15where somebody
11:16gains the confidence
11:18of the potential victim
11:20and then he delivers
11:22the victim
11:23to his executioners.
11:24He said he knew
11:26that that had been
11:27Carboni's role.
11:31Carboni was acting
11:33as a sort of
11:33lobbyist fixer
11:34for Calvi.
11:37Flavio Carboni
11:38was a Sardinian property
11:40magnate who had ties
11:41with the mob
11:42and was with Calvi
11:44in London
11:45in the days
11:46leading up to his death.
11:55Carboni's most important role
11:57was helping
11:58Calvi leave Italy.
12:01Calvi was easily manipulated
12:04by people
12:04who were
12:05for quote-unquote
12:05helping him
12:06before he died.
12:21Did Calvi fear
12:23what the arrest warrant was for?
12:26was it for a crime
12:27far greater
12:28than a financial scandal?
12:30Perhaps Carboni
12:31was playing on that fear
12:33as the arrest warrant
12:34has since proven
12:35to be false.
12:39Court documents recently
12:41brought to light
12:42show that Calvi
12:43may actually
12:44have been close
12:45to coming under investigation
12:47on suspicion
12:48of involvement
12:49in the gravest act
12:50of terrorism
12:51perpetrated in Italy
12:52since the end
12:53of the Second World War.
12:55In Bologna, Italy
12:57a powerful explosion
12:58ripped through
12:58that town's
12:59central railroad station
13:01reducing it to rubble.
13:03What is already
13:04being called
13:04Western Europe's
13:05worst ever act
13:06of political terrorism.
13:10In order to
13:11explain
13:12the
13:13Bologna massacre
13:16I
13:17prepared some documents.
13:21for the Bologna massacre
13:25there were
13:26many, many trials
13:28in Italy.
13:30Now
13:31there is
13:33a new trial.
13:34The basis
13:35is the Bologna
13:36document.
13:39Licio Gelli,
13:41the head
13:41of the large P2
13:43escaped from Italy
13:45in 1981.
13:47on September
13:491382
13:51he was
13:52in Geneva.
13:54That day
13:55he is
13:56arrested
13:57because he is
13:58fugitive.
13:59He carries
14:00a document
14:01with him
14:02which bears
14:04the heading
14:06Bologna
14:07and the bank
14:08account number.
14:11But
14:12this document
14:14remained
14:14for some years.
14:17in the drawers
14:17of the Swiss
14:18authorities.
14:20Much later
14:22on
14:22the Bologna
14:23document
14:24resurfaced
14:26and
14:26it
14:27began
14:28to reveal
14:30its secrets.
14:33It comes out
14:35that this
14:36is
14:37bank account
14:38of Licio Gelli.
14:40The document
14:42linked
14:43with other documents
14:44revealed
14:45two streams
14:46of sums
14:47from
14:48Banco
14:49Ambrosiano.
14:51The movements
14:53went through
14:54the accounts
14:55of the close
14:56collaborators
14:57of Licio Gelli.
15:01It becomes
15:02clear
15:02that a lot
15:04of money
15:05was moved
15:07close
15:07to the date
15:08of the massacre.
15:12The prosecution
15:13is that
15:14this bombing
15:15was carried out
15:16because Licio Gelli
15:17was close
15:18to being
15:19ready
15:19to achieve
15:21a change
15:22of government.
15:23Given control
15:24of the country
15:25to Licio Gelli
15:26and his friends.
15:29What were the secrets
15:30that Calvi had
15:31and that he could
15:32reveal
15:33if Bush came
15:34to shove?
15:35Calvi
15:36may have been
15:37carrying sensitive
15:38financial documents
15:39relating to the
15:40Bologna bombing.
15:42That could
15:43have constituted
15:44a really damaging
15:46revelation
15:46that would be
15:47worth Calvi's life.
15:55murder
15:56murder
15:56murder
15:57murder
15:57murder
15:57murder
15:58murder
15:58murder
15:58murder
16:02murder
16:03During the trial
16:04the prosecution
16:05puts into evidence
16:06a letter that Calvi
16:07wrote to Pope
16:07John Paul II
16:08dated June 5th
16:1013 days
16:11before he is found
16:12dead.
16:13He's even trying
16:14to hit up the Pope
16:15for some help.
16:28He wrote
16:28I've been a loyal soldier
16:29and helping you
16:30for all these years
16:31fight communism in the East
16:32but I know lots of things
16:33meet with me.
16:34I can tell you what's really
16:35going on behind the scenes.
16:39Days
16:40before he disappeared
16:42Calvi
16:42told his daughter
16:43that she had to leave Italy
16:45and said that he was going
16:46to leave.
16:49And he added
16:50that if things started
16:51to get worse
16:52he was going to start
16:53to tell everything he knew.
16:57So by the 10th of June
16:59Roberto Calvi
17:01is a man
17:02in flight.
17:04He's a wanted fugitive.
17:06When Calvi went away
17:08he was going to see
17:12if there was
17:14anyone
17:15who would have
17:16helped him
17:17to rebuild
17:18the hole
17:20of the Bank of Rosiano.
17:23On the run
17:24on the run
17:24Calvi flies to Rome
17:26where he meets with Carboni
17:27and Ernesto D'Otalevi
17:29the leader of the Maliana gang
17:31that attempted to kill Rosone.
17:34There he is briefed.
17:36Ernesto D'Otalevi
17:37fu coinvolto
17:38nell'espatrio clandestino
17:40di Roberto Calvi.
17:44Farai il viaggio
17:45in barca da Muggia
17:46vicino a Trieste.
17:48In barca?
17:49Per la Jugoslavia?
17:50Sì, è più veloce.
17:52È da lì
17:52in macchina per l'Austria.
17:54Il tuo contatto
17:55è Silvano Vittor.
17:56Chi è Vittor?
17:58Un contrabbandiere
17:59però più piccolo contrabando.
18:01Conoscere bene la strada.
18:06June 11th, 1982.
18:09One week
18:10before Calvi
18:11is found dead.
18:18He has a car
18:19that takes him
18:19to the little fishing village
18:20of Muggia.
18:22Where Silvano Vittor
18:24has his base of operations
18:26and he's an informant
18:28of the finance police.
18:30He's got a powerful
18:32motorboat in Trieste.
18:36And so he sends Calvi out
18:40to cross the Adriatic
18:42to Yugoslavia.
18:44Waiting on the road
18:46beyond the quay.
18:47Two friends of Vittor
18:49and a dark Fiat.
18:50with guides provided by Vittor.
18:54He travels through Yugoslavia
18:56and into Austria
18:58to Klagenfurt
19:00where the family
19:02of the Klein-Sig sisters
19:04have their home.
19:07The sisters are romantically attached
19:09to both Flau Carbogne
19:12and Vittor
19:14and end up being taken along
19:16for the ride.
19:19At 6 a.m.
19:22They reach Klagenfurt.
19:23It is now June 12th.
19:251,400 kilometers
19:26from where Calvi
19:28will be found dead
19:29in six days.
19:40Cassiroli, the secretary of state,
19:42asked the questions
19:43of what's going on.
19:44Marcinkus, he is a cool customer.
19:47He doesn't get ruffled.
19:48He sort of plays dumb.
19:50Cassiroli would have been ballistic
19:52if he had known
19:53the biggest debtor
19:54to Ambrosiano
19:55was the Vatican Bank.
19:58With Calvi missing,
20:00Roberto Rossone
20:01becomes the Ambrosiano's
20:02acting chairman.
20:04Determined to get
20:05the bank's money back,
20:06he requests an urgent meeting
20:08with Marcinkus.
20:10Marcinkus gives him
20:11the cold shoulder
20:12by saying, sorry, he's not around.
20:13He's in Switzerland.
20:14A bad sign for Rossone
20:15because if Marcinkus
20:16is in Switzerland
20:17he's probably emptying out
20:18some Swiss bank accounts.
20:21From the 11th to the 15th,
20:23Calvi moves around
20:24five or six
20:25different little towns.
20:26He's on the move
20:26all the time,
20:27but along that border area.
20:29On June 15th,
20:31he and Vitor
20:31board a plane
20:32to London's Gatwick Airport.
20:37We don't know for sure
20:39why Calvi went to London,
20:42but there's very strong reason
20:45to suspect that he had been told
20:47that there were people
20:49who could help him,
20:50could prop up the bank.
20:53Vitor shows Calvi
20:54to his hotel.
20:56You think he might be
20:57at the Ricks.
20:59That's where a banker
21:00of his esteem would stay,
21:01but now he's a fugitive,
21:03so it's not so easy.
21:04So he has to go to this
21:05rundown guest house
21:06called the Chelsea Cloisters.
21:07It's a shared bathroom
21:08down the hallway
21:09for a number of rooms.
21:10It's tattered bed linens,
21:12and Calvi is not that happy
21:14about being there.
21:17Five days after Calvi has gone missing,
21:20Roberto Rosone flies to Rome
21:22to meet with officials
21:23from the Vatican Bank.
21:25He emphasizes the patronage letters
21:27that Calvi and Marcinkus
21:28had signed.
21:29They produced a side letter
21:31that was signed between
21:32Calvi and Marcinkus
21:34that says,
21:34by the way,
21:35you know that patronage letter
21:36you signed
21:37in which the Vatican Bank
21:38backs us up?
21:39Don't worry about that.
21:40It's just for show.
21:41We'll tell everyone
21:42that that's real.
21:43You don't know this thing.
21:44You're not liable for anything.
21:46And Rosone is absolutely stunned.
21:48He says,
21:50this outrageous,
21:51this is fraud.
21:51They said, yeah, so?
21:53Two are very cool.
21:54They don't seem very concerned
21:56about it.
21:56And as a result,
21:58Rosone knows
21:59they've got to meet
21:59with Marcinkus,
22:00which they do the next day.
22:02Everything is playing out
22:03at rapid speed.
22:07By June 16th,
22:09Calvi's demeanor
22:10has changed.
22:11His confidence
22:12is suddenly shaken.
22:14They're waiting for him
22:15to deliver on some promise.
22:17So whatever he was supposed
22:18to do in London,
22:19whatever door
22:19he was supposed to open up,
22:20he's unable to do that,
22:22no matter how he tries.
22:24Did a meeting planned
22:25for the night before
22:26not turn around his fortunes
22:28as he had hoped?
22:30He's feeling very insecure.
22:32Calvi called his wife Clara
22:33from the Chelsea Cloisters
22:35and he told her,
22:37I no longer trust
22:38the people I'm with.
22:40I don't think
22:41they went to London
22:42to kill him,
22:42but I think that in London,
22:44Calvi failed to deliver.
22:46That's when the people
22:47with him decided
22:48to kill him.
22:49And not just kill him,
22:51they decided
22:52to make an example of him.
22:56Find Frankie De Carlo.
23:00Francesco De Carlo
23:01is also a prominent
23:02member of Mafia.
23:03He confirmed
23:04that some guys
23:05of Cordo Nostra
23:06went to London
23:07from Sicily
23:08asking him
23:10to kill Calvi.
23:11But he says,
23:12I didn't kill.
23:13De Carlo tells
23:14the investigators
23:15that when he had finally
23:16gotten in touch,
23:17he was told
23:18it had been taken care of.
23:20But he wasn't told
23:22by whom.
23:26In 1983,
23:28Charles Raw,
23:29a journalist
23:30for the Times
23:30of London,
23:31writes an investigative
23:32article on the
23:33Calvi murder.
23:34As a result of this
23:36major story,
23:37a man called
23:38Frank Jennings
23:39contacted Raw
23:40with a story
23:41about a man
23:42that he knew.
23:44Hello, Raw here.
23:45There's a man
23:46who confided in me
23:47about Calvi's murder.
23:48What's his name?
23:49His name was
23:50Sergio Vacari.
23:51Was?
23:54Sergio Vacari
23:56was an Italian
23:57operating in the world
23:59of antiquities
24:00and art
24:01in London.
24:04But also involved
24:05in the cocaine trade.
24:07On top of that,
24:09a man with ties
24:10to the far right
24:11in Italy.
24:15If you were
24:16looking for a mercenary
24:17to organise
24:19an operation like
24:20the assassination
24:21of Roberto Calvi,
24:22he would be
24:23someone probably
24:23on your list.
24:26Frank Jennings
24:27claimed that Vacari
24:30had been involved
24:31in threatening
24:32Calvi with the
24:34videos showing
24:36a young woman
24:36being tortured.
24:38And the implication
24:39was that this
24:40was what might happen
24:41to Calvi's daughter
24:42if he didn't bow
24:45to whatever requests
24:47were being made
24:48of him.
24:49It was clear that
24:51in Roberto Calvi's
24:52mind,
24:53he had no doubt
24:54that if the mafia
24:55had to,
24:55they would move
24:56against his family.
24:59He calls his daughter.
25:00Again,
25:01half of his telephone calls
25:03of his six calls
25:03go to his daughter.
25:05This time,
25:05he has a different tone
25:06in his voice.
25:07He says,
25:08you've got to leave,
25:09Italy.
25:09You've got to leave now.
25:13June 17th, 1982.
25:16The day before Calvi's murder.
25:20Ambrosiano executive
25:21Michel Lehmans
25:22finally gets a meeting
25:23directly with Marcinkus.
25:26He says to Marcinkus,
25:28these letters,
25:29if I walk out of here,
25:30the Bank of Italy
25:31is going to take over Ambrosiano.
25:32This is going to be all over
25:33the news.
25:34This will be the end of you.
25:35This is going to go public.
25:36And Marcinkus says to him,
25:37essentially,
25:38I'll have to pay for
25:39what I've done.
25:43Rossoni knew
25:45that Ambrosiano
25:45was going to be taken over
25:46by the Bank of Italy.
25:49So he knew that the bank's
25:50time was over.
25:526 p.m. that night.
25:54Bank of Italy regulators
25:56swarm into the bank's
25:57headquarters.
26:007.14 p.m.
26:04Graziella Coriche
26:05has served Roberto Calvi
26:07as his loyal executive assistant
26:09for over 30 years.
26:17Rossoni is speaking
26:18on the phone
26:19to a journalist
26:20from L'Espresso
26:21when the journalist
26:23can hear a commotion
26:24and people shouting.
26:26Rossialla Coriche
26:27has jumped
26:28from the fourth floor
26:29of the Ambrosiano building.
26:32But she left a note.
26:36Che vergogna scappare.
26:39Possa essere maledetto
26:40mille volte
26:41per il male
26:42che ha fatto
26:43a tutti in banca.
26:45Che sia maledetto
26:47per tutto il torto
26:48che sta facendo
26:49a tutti noi
26:50della banca
26:50o del gruppo.
26:52Della cui immagine
26:53una volta
26:54eravamo
26:55così orgogliosi.
26:58She wrote this note
26:59saying
27:00that he should be
27:01stra maledetto
27:02not just damned
27:04but extra damned.
27:34she jumped
27:35to jump
27:36jumping out
27:37of the window.
27:41Clearly it was very dramatic
27:43for Calvi
27:44to receive this news.
27:50It's time to go
27:51to get out
27:53to get out
27:53to get out
27:54to be less recognizable.
27:55to get out
27:56to get out
27:59Nobody remembers
28:00the last time
28:00Calvi had his mustache
28:01off.
28:03FBI reports
28:04over the years
28:04have said
28:05that people
28:05are fooled
28:06by somebody's appearance
28:07with a simple change
28:08of hair color
28:09or facial hair
28:10in case of a man.
28:12An action
28:13to change his physical appearance
28:15possibly
28:15an indication
28:17that he's perhaps
28:17going to leave London.
28:20He's then seen
28:22coming down
28:22in the lift
28:23with two Italian men
28:24on the very last
28:27evening of his life.
28:28They leave the building
28:30out of a back entrance.
28:32That's the last official
28:34sighting
28:35of Roberto Calvi.
28:36So tell me
28:38who killed Calvi?
28:39They were in two.
28:40Sergio Baccari
28:41and Vincenzo Casillo.
28:43Casillo.
28:44I have confessed
28:45that once
28:45to an attorney.
28:49Casillo was
28:50this right-hand man
28:51at the top
28:52of an organization
28:53called the
28:53Nuova Camorra Organizzata
28:55the NCO.
28:56Both Baccari
28:57and Casillo
28:58are Camorrist.
29:00The Camorra
29:01is the
29:02mafia of
29:03Naples
29:04and the Neapolitan
29:05hinterland.
29:11The standard practice
29:13of a
29:15mob execution
29:16is someone
29:17kills the person
29:19then all of a sudden
29:20the person
29:21who did the killing
29:22dies.
29:23Because
29:24it cuts
29:25off
29:25the middle person
29:27that can
29:27lead
29:28in even
29:29an indirect way
29:31to the people
29:32that are causing
29:32the problem.
29:33and they were very good
29:34at that.
29:34not
29:36could
29:36proceed to
29:37Vincenzo Casillo
29:38confront
29:39because
29:40in the end of
29:431983
29:44seven months
29:46after the murder
29:48of Roberto
29:49Calvi
29:51Vincenzo Casillo
29:53was killed
29:54before
29:56a process
29:57could be celebrated
29:59in his
30:00confrontation.
30:01Vincenzo
30:02Vincenzo Casillo
30:03Vincenzo Casillo
30:04fu assassinato
30:05ed era
30:06un personaggio
30:07che aveva
30:08rapporti con
30:09esponenti
30:10qualificati
30:11dei nostri servizi segreti.
30:33on the evening of
30:35June 17th 1982
30:37Calvi is driven by
30:39Vacari and Casillo
30:40to the outskirts of London
30:42not far from the Thames.
30:45One night
30:46same time of year
30:48same
30:48tide conditions
30:49I
30:50and my
30:51chemist colleague
30:52and Jeff Katz
30:53of Kroll Associates
30:54we were just seeing
30:55what it was like
30:56at night
30:57in those sort of conditions
30:58and whether it was possible
30:59to bring a boat up.
31:03All through the night
31:04we came down
31:04the Thames
31:05underneath all of these bridges
31:06it took ages.
31:09The traces of oil stains
31:11on his trousers
31:12were compatible
31:13with a scenario
31:15where he might have
31:15been bought
31:16on a not very clean boat.
31:18As of the silt staining
31:20on the trousers
31:20looked as though
31:21he had been sitting
31:23upright
31:24with his legs
31:25stretched out
31:25in front of him
31:26in the bottom of a boat.
31:29And he might have been
31:30surprised and overpowered
31:32just before they attach him
31:33to the scaffolding.
31:34It's possible that he was
31:35hanged somewhere else
31:37and then his body
31:39brought by boat.
31:41He was in a slow
31:42walk
31:44so in the arc
31:46of 30-60 minutes
31:47he was,
31:48let's say,
31:49soffocated
31:50after being
31:51destroyed
31:52with volatile substances.
31:57And then
31:58he was pinned
31:59on the landing.
32:00and then
32:05That night
32:06when we finally
32:07got down
32:07to Blackfriars Bridge
32:08and discovered
32:10that if you wanted
32:11to get access
32:12to the scaffolding
32:13the point
32:14at which
32:15Calvi was suspended
32:16from the scaffolding
32:17that side
32:18of the scaffolding
32:19would be
32:19the nearest point
32:21to where
32:21you would want
32:22to put the boat
32:22to keep control of the boat
32:24to achieve getting him out of it
32:25and hanging him on the scaffolding.
32:27It wouldn't have been the other side
32:28it would be this side
32:29that an experienced boatman
32:31would have used
32:32because this gives you better control
32:34over the boat
32:35in those kind of tidal conditions.
32:40The trial record states
32:42that all the Mafia witnesses
32:43were sure
32:44and in agreement
32:45in their statements
32:46that it was a murder
32:47and not a suicide.
32:49Some also specified
32:50that the execution
32:51was part of a mise-en-scene
32:53to make it seem
32:54like Calvi had killed himself.
33:12Cedago Vacari
33:13Sergio Vacari
33:14the other suspect
33:15was stabbed
33:16to death
33:16in his flat
33:17some time after
33:18the Calvi murder.
33:20It was a
33:22very gruesome murder.
33:23He
33:24was stabbed
33:25repeatedly
33:25in the face
33:26and chest.
33:29One of the
33:30police officers
33:31said that he thought
33:32his murder would have
33:33required
33:34more than one person.
33:40Vakari, it emerges, is a very interesting character with very interesting contacts.
33:48He had been involved in drug trafficking in Latin America and also in California and he
33:53had been let off with a remarkably light sentence after being caught, smuggling quite significant
33:59quantities of cocaine in California.
34:03He might have done some sort of a deal that he would cooperate in some kind of intelligence
34:09capacity with authorities in return for this astonishingly light sentence.
34:17The Bologna magistrates who are looking again at the whole Calvi business have asked the
34:23British authorities for information on Vakari.
34:26They're interested in the contents of security deposit boxes that he had in London, the
34:33contents of which have never been returned to his family.
34:36The Bologna magistrates have now made a request to see this material and the British authorities
34:41are not responding to them, which raises the question as to whether the information might
34:47be very sensitive and possibly very revealing.
34:51The British are just, as I understand it, have simply ignored the request so far.
35:03I understand why the mob would want to kill Calvi.
35:08I just don't understand the entire Warner Brothers scene of the hanging.
35:15It's extremely bizarre for a suicide, but it's equally bizarre for a mafia killing.
35:22The thing with Calvi that always struck me is I can't see the mafia leaving $13,000 in the
35:32wallet.
35:33The only people who would throw away money like that would be a government agency.
35:38There's an enormous array of things that Calvi could have spoken about that might have been
35:43embarrassing for the CIA.
35:46The whole P2 operation was basically CIA.
35:51All of that skullduggery ultimately, in my opinion, comes back to Langley, Virginia.
36:03The impression that people have of the British being very cursory in their investigation
36:08and not being keen to get to the bottom of this story, there may have been a role played
36:13by British intelligence.
36:15If they felt that he'd been eliminated by their American cousins, they wouldn't want people
36:22to know too much.
36:25As a key element in a Western security conspiracy that had financed anti-communism around the
36:35globe.
36:36Somebody who was threatening to spill the beans on this operation, they could well feel that
36:42it wasn't in the interests of the public that anything more should be known about that.
36:51There are a lot of allegations that you don't know if are true or not true.
36:56The reason it does is because the CIA destroyed all the records.
37:00And I worked for the guy at Justice who did that.
37:05When the Freedom of Information Act was coming about their management IT guy, you know, he had
37:11all the records.
37:12He came to the CIA leadership and said, you better get rid of all this stuff because this Freedom
37:15of Information Act, we're going to have to show some of it.
37:18So they destroyed it all.
37:31Probably Mocinkus was one of a large group of bystanders who were happy and personally favored
37:38by the fact that somebody took action and removed Roberto Calvi from the chessboard.
37:43It is the biggest banking collapse in Italian history and has involved inner circles of
37:48the Vatican.
37:50Authorities charged that Mocinkus, as Vatican bank president, acted improperly and could
37:55be involved in fraud.
37:58During the subsequent trial around the bankruptcy of Banco Ambrosiano, the Vatican is forced to
38:05pay 230 million dollars to its creditors, only a fraction of what it owed.
38:12The Vatican say they were never involved in dealings with the Ambrosiano bank, that they
38:17are only paying out in good faith.
38:19It called the payment a donation, never admitting fault.
38:24This surely must be the highest price ever paid by the Roman Catholic Church for innocence
38:30and good faith.
38:32Earlier in the week, the Vatican fired another American bishop, a friend of the Pope.
38:37Italian investigators said Calvi implicated Archbishop Marchinkus in the fraudulent loan scheme.
38:42They issued warrants for the arrest of the Archbishop.
38:45But Marchinkus stayed inside the Vatican, a sovereign country which never gave him up for trial in Italy.
38:52They want him for criminal charges in the fall of the bank.
38:57And the Vatican won't give him up because they don't have to give him up.
39:00They're a sovereign state.
39:02They refused to turn him over.
39:06Marchinkus could have been put in a Vatican prison for fraud, and he wasn't.
39:10Pope John Paul II's loyalty to him was not to turn him over to the Italians,
39:15so that for Marchinkus it was a bittersweet moment.
39:18The Archbishop is free to leave now because an Italian court ruled his risk of prosecution is over.
39:25They reach a deal where Marchinkus can leave the Vatican and come back to America
39:29and spend the rest of his years quietly in this little diocese in Arizona.
39:45When I was writing my book about the Calvi case, it was clear that Marchinkus was a key witness to
39:52speak to.
39:55But he told me that there was no way he was willing to speak.
40:00I tried incessantly to get him to talk. He wouldn't give me the time of day.
40:08Marchinkus was very well behaved.
40:13Right until the end.
40:20Personally, I think it's unlikely that Marchinkus himself had anything to do with Calvi's death.
40:27I don't see the Vatican as an organization that directly hires hitmen.
40:33Other organizations have a more natural vocation for that kind of thing.
40:46The Vatican says, okay, boy, we can never put the Vatican Bank under one person who doesn't know anything about
40:52finances.
40:53So in the future, we'll make sure it runs right.
40:56The Vatican Bank in the 90s after Marchinkus left was as bad or worse than the Vatican Bank under Marchinkus.
41:02It's remarkable that the leper doesn't change its spots.
41:07So the Vatican Bank didn't change, it just operated in a different manner.
41:17Michele Sindona is extradited back to Italy, where he is charged with paying $50,000 for the shooting of Giorgio
41:24Ambrosoli.
41:27His prison is Voghera on the outskirts of Milan.
41:32The second day, he's in, serving his prison sentence.
41:36Breakfast is bought to him, and he has his espresso, and he comes out from the bathroom.
41:40He's sort of grabbing at his throat, and he's seeing an Italian poison.
41:43And he drops dead.
41:45They investigated cyanide.
41:48He killed himself.
41:49The smell was very strong.
41:53No way it could have been an accident.
41:56Michele Sindona committed suicide because he was jailed, and he had no hope to be freed.
42:02But equally, he could have been privy to a lot of very sensitive secrets,
42:07and have been required to take his life in order to preserve the safety of other members of his family.
42:14And then, of course, in Calvi's case, a suicide, a murder, a mystery.
42:27It's been 25 years since Roberto Calvi was found hanging from Blackfriars Bridge in London,
42:34and two years since his murder came to trial at the court of Assis in Rome.
42:41Finally, a verdict.
42:45For us, Italian investigative journalists, it was like a dream, no?
42:50A hope.
42:51Okay, at last we will know the truth.
43:05One of the things I remember about the acquittal was seeing in Estudio Talevi
43:10one of the defendants punching the air in delight and celebration.
43:15The presiding judge dismisses the case due to lack of evidence.
43:21These judges, in two or three months' time, will issue a long statement,
43:25and it may even be at that stage that they'd say there's doubt over whether he was murdered or not,
43:32in which case we really are right back to square one.
43:36When I learned the result of the child, I was disappointed because, you know,
43:41you can't be serious, I mean, it's impossible.
43:44I thought, but nobody pays a price in this country.
43:48It's a scandal.
43:50It's a scandal.
43:51It's a scandal.
44:18You can't put it on behalf of others.
44:21Prima o poi, if there's someone to do justice.
44:23Because justice is fundamental for the development of democracy.
44:28That's right in terms of the sin.
44:29But for the truth, there's always time.
44:36The President of the United States
44:37It's obvious that such a public murder was meant to send a message.
44:41And I think the message was that if you share the secrets of the Italian institutions
44:46which are part of Italian society, including the Vatican,
44:49including the Mafia, and including P2,
44:51you don't threaten to reveal them.
44:55The Cavalier Ferry is a brilliant microcosm of the Cold War.
44:59It's a crime of power.
45:01There's this red thread that runs through this history of skullduggery.
45:07A lot of the mysterious criminal or terrorist events
45:12that have influenced Italian history since the war are in there.
45:16The same individuals or the same organizations keep cropping up.
45:23Cavalier is doing financial operations in which millions of dollars
45:27are passing through the hands of these various people,
45:31possibly even to the Bologna bombers.
45:35And the very spectacular end that he meets is extraordinary,
45:42shocking and theatrical.
45:45And the whole point of these crimes of power
45:49is that they are conducted by people who enjoy impunity
45:53and the truth will never come out about it.
45:57the world in 2027.
46:06motifs of war,
46:06the world in 21st century'
46:12is that it is now that the Trave Criani
46:14The Trave E.
46:14The Trave E.
46:14Richard G.
46:15didn't die until 2015,
46:17when he was well into his 90s,
46:20and, of course,
46:21he took a lot of secrets to the grave.
46:27By 2012, from prison, Frankie the Strangler DiCarlo opens up to the press about Calvi's murder.
47:05The Parliamentary Commission of Inquiry that's set up to look into the P2 case never reaches
47:14a unified conclusion.
47:17In the report of Tina Anselmi, a metaphor was written saying that the system of the large
47:26P2 is a kind of double pyramid.
47:32Anselmi comes up with one theory, which is the idea of the two pyramids, that P2 was this
47:42state within a state, with Gelli at the peak of the pyramid and all his followers, members
47:50underneath him.
47:51But then there was an inverted pyramid, if you like, stretching up into the higher echelons
47:59of the state, where Gelli was the connection point.
48:03But we don't know that other pyramid remains mysterious.
48:10In Italy, we say that the chief of the P2 are deaf, but the P2ism, the P2 system is still
48:19alive.
48:44We still have fascism now.
48:47We still have fascism now.
48:47More.
48:49More than Germany has fascists then.
48:54Italy elected its first far-right government since World War II yesterday, with Georgia
48:59Maloney set to become prime minister.
49:02Her party, Brothers of Italy, has its roots in Mussolini's fascist party.
49:07Everything is bigger, bigger, bigger than us.
49:38Ummm haha.
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