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The chessboard sea is a rare and beautiful phenomenon that occurs when two sets of waves meet at right angles, creating a grid-like pattern on the water surface. But don't be fooled by its appearance, this sea is also very dangerous and unpredictable. In this video, we will explain why you should avoid the chessboard sea at all costs, and what to do if you encounter it.

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TIMESTAMPS:
0:01 Square waves
11:20 Mysterious staircase
15:00 Growing pits

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Transcript
00:00Ah, beautiful. You're walking with your friend and look up at the sky. The sun looks a bit different today.
00:06Like it has some kind of ring around it. A rainbow type thing. Huh. Look at that. Your friend pulls
00:14his head up out of his phone. You shouldn't look directly at the... Stop everything! He says. It's a sun
00:20halo! We need to find shelter now! Unless you have the world's biggest umbrella on you!
00:26A sun halo is nature's sign that there's a snow or rainstorm on its way. It's caused by clouds that
00:34are made of bazillions of small ice crystals. Sunlight goes through those crystals, which causes the light to split and
00:41refract. Like when there's a rainbow. Now, don't look at the sun halo directly. It's gonna be tempting, because it's
00:48not something you see every day. Plus, it's really beautiful.
00:51But ultraviolet light can burn the exposed tissue of your retina and cause serious damage, so it's not worth it.
00:59Grab some sunglasses and you're good to go. This phenomenon lasts around 40 minutes. These clouds are the same ones
01:06that can cause a spooky ring around the moon at night sometimes.
01:09In June 2020, what the people were looking at was an anvil cloud, a rare storm formation in the sky.
01:18Formed when strong air currents carry water vapor upwards, the air expands and spreads out as it hits the bottom
01:25of the stratosphere.
01:27It pushes the dense cloud into the cool anvil shape you see. And sometimes it even gets to be a
01:33mushroom.
01:34Anvil clouds produce some of the most dangerous lightning of all storms. One that's called a bolt out of the
01:41blue.
01:41This lightning strike seems to magically come out of the blue sky, with the storm being many miles away.
01:48This type of bolt comes from the top of the anvil and can be 10 times more powerful than a
01:54typical lightning strike.
01:56People got so frightened after witnessing a giant cloud, that they thought something terrible must have happened.
02:02The locals had pictures of the large billow on social media before officials could explain what was going on.
02:09Authorities managed to calm everyone's fears by informing them it was nothing more than a natural phenomenon, and a beautiful
02:15one at that.
02:16Before dissipating, these clouds typically stay in one area, regardless of how strong the wind is.
02:24If you look off the western coast of France, you'll see the Isle of Ré.
02:29Thanks to its beautiful blue waters, clean sandy beaches, and stunning lighthouses, this place is a very popular vacation spot.
02:37But perhaps the coolest part about the Island of Ré is what you see just beyond the shore.
02:43Square waves.
02:45This strange wave pattern looks like a giant chessboard over the ocean.
02:49Many visitors to the island become captivated by these waves, and go to high-up places like nearby lighthouses to
02:56take pictures of this natural phenomenon.
02:58They say that when looking down at these square patterns in the water, it's almost as if there's some sort
03:04of metal grid underneath it.
03:06And while these wave patterns are truly fascinating, the people who choose to enjoy them from afar are doing it
03:12right.
03:13They know to stay out of the water.
03:15To understand how these square waves come to be, it's important to know how waves occur in the first place.
03:23Generally, waves can travel many miles over the surface of the water, depending on local winds and weather.
03:29And even on days when the weather seems somewhat calm, storms located elsewhere can send in crashing waves that affect
03:38the surrounding calm waters.
03:39When waves travel onto the shores of distant lands, they're called swells.
03:44This is different from a wave that occurs from local wind.
03:48When two different swells coming from opposite directions meet, it's known as a cross sea.
03:53This is what generates these square waves you see near the Isle of Ray.
04:00While these waves are one of the reasons why people flock to this island, they can still expect to enjoy
04:05calm, relaxing waters most of the time.
04:08The cross sea only occurs during certain times of the year in specific weather.
04:14Plus, it's common knowledge around Ray to steer clear of the ocean when these square waves appear.
04:20So, it's not often that you hear about anyone getting caught in them, because most people know better.
04:26And since a lot of people on the island are tourists, there are plenty of signs around warning them to
04:31get out of the water during this time.
04:34However, not everyone gets the memo.
04:37There have been a handful of cases where people got caught in the cross sea.
04:41But, thankfully and luckily, they managed to get out safely.
04:47These square waves have become somewhat famous over time, given that there's really no other place in the world that
04:53boasts a cross sea like this one.
04:55In fact, no one has ever spotted square waves anywhere but the island of Ray.
05:01However, there are swells that can be found throughout the oceans in the world, and a cross sea can take
05:07place.
05:08But, if the angle they approach each other at is more shallow, the wave may actually look like it's coming
05:14from the same direction, even when it's not.
05:17Not to mention, swells can slowly lose momentum as they drift further and further away.
05:22So, their crest, or the top of the wave, appears more round and less jagged.
05:28The island of Ray's specific wind and weather patterns are literally the perfect storm,
05:33and create a cross sea that people can clearly recognize.
05:38It's 2009 in Italy.
05:40A man was hanging out in his kitchen.
05:43Then, he saw some flickering lights.
05:45He knew just what to do.
05:47He moved his family to a safe place.
05:49A couple of seconds later, a massive earthquake hit the whole region.
05:54His family survived thanks to his quick reaction.
05:57He knew these flickering lights were actually a sign of an upcoming earthquake.
06:02People have been seeing these mysterious lights for ages.
06:05Some thought it was some kind of sign coming from space.
06:10Scientists never used to take them seriously.
06:12But, after the invention of photography, more and more evidence of these strange lights appeared.
06:18Soon, they realized the connection.
06:20The lights appear.
06:22And, pretty soon, the earthquake hits.
06:26After a bit of digging around, they actually found some records of these earthquake lights from hundreds of years ago.
06:33There were bluish flames coming out of the ground right before an earthquake.
06:37Oh, creepy.
06:41The Christmas Island crab is part of an amazing phenomenon once a year.
06:46Their migration period is determined by the phase of the moon and the first rainfall between October and February,
06:53although the precise date can't be predicted.
06:55Once the crabs have been prompted, they leave their homes amongst the forest and migrate in massive hordes towards the
07:02sea.
07:04Numbering in millions, a sea of red crabs is observed as they make their journey across the island, creating roadblocks
07:11and making their way to the ocean.
07:14There, they lay their eggs and then make their trek back, returning to the forest until the next year.
07:21There are bridges in the Indian state of Meglahaya that are created entirely of living tree roots.
07:28The bridges are made up of tangled, thick roots that are strong enough to hold over 50 people at a
07:34time.
07:35The Kasi and Jaintia tribes became masters in the art of growing these insane bridges.
07:42They need them to cross the streams below with ease.
07:45Some of these root bridges are over 180 years old.
07:48To make them, the members of the tribes care for the roots until they grow long enough to reach the
07:54opposite bank.
07:55It can take as long as 10 to 15 years to grow a bridge.
07:59In the process, the roots become tightly entwined with one another.
08:04This is how the bridges get so strong.
08:06And once a bridge is fully grown, it can last for over 500 years.
08:11While some roots decay, new ones are continually growing.
08:15That's why the unusual natural constructions last so long.
08:20Light pillars are colorful beams of light that either jet up from Earth towards the sky or shine down from
08:27the clouds.
08:28Usually, they only occur in cold temperatures, as they form when the sunlight gets reflected off ice crystals floating in
08:35the air.
08:35The higher the crystals are in the air, the taller these bright and colorful pillars become.
08:41They're most common at sunrise and sunset.
08:44There are hidden caves all over the world that are filled with glowing light.
08:50This light comes from hundreds of glow worms that have made a cozy home in the caves.
08:55Some of the caves are more than 30 million years old, and most of them can be found in New
09:00Zealand and Australia.
09:01The worms themselves don't actually glow.
09:05But baby worms, called larvae, form silk strings made out of mucus.
09:10These strings form nets.
09:12It's these nets that can illuminate the entire cave.
09:16Their purpose is to attract flies and other tasty insects for the glow worms to munch on.
09:22Rainbow trees are 100% a real thing.
09:26Hailing from the Philippines and Indonesia, these colorful wonders are called rainbow eucalyptus, or rainbow gum.
09:34The rainbow hues are created by the contrasting colors of old and new bark.
09:39As the thin surface layers of bark peel away, they reveal newer ones with brighter, more eye-catching colors.
09:47The brand new bark is green.
09:49Then it changes to purple, then red, and finally brown.
09:53This is because the trees contain a substance called chlorophyll.
09:57It makes the bark green.
09:58As each strip of bark ages, it loses chlorophyll and slowly changes its color.
10:05You're hiking in the wilderness, looking for a safe spot to set up camp.
10:09All you can hear are leaves and branches crackling under your footsteps.
10:14Some squirrels are running up a tree over there.
10:16But suddenly, something unexpected happens.
10:19You notice something weird in the distance in between the trees.
10:23It kind of looks like a concrete structure of some kind.
10:26Weird.
10:27At this point, you're at least 20 miles deep into the woods, and there are no nearby towns or villages,
10:33as far as you know.
10:35So, you decide to go off the trail with your friends to get a closer look.
10:40But as you get nearer, you realize that it's leading to nowhere.
10:45Hmm, what's it doing here in the middle of literally nowhere?
10:48And it doesn't even lead to anything.
10:51You put on your Sherlock Holmes cap and investigate.
10:55So, maybe there used to be an old house or mansion here that collapsed over the years, and the only
11:01thing left is a staircase?
11:03But, weirdly enough, after circling the bizarre structure, you realize there's no trace of any ruins or even foundations.
11:12It's like someone just sliced a staircase off their house, cake-style, and plopped it here for no reason.
11:19Okay?
11:21You and your friends aren't really into getting a whole lot closer.
11:24Something feels wrong.
11:27The longer you look at this weird structure, the more you feel a super-creepy presence.
11:32Something tells you you should probably leave the area as fast as possible.
11:37As weird as this sounds, discoveries of random staircases, illogically found in the woods, are surprisingly common.
11:45Some are made of wood, others of brick or stone.
11:49Some look ancient, while others look like they were finished yesterday.
11:52The one thing they all have in common, they all lead to absolutely nowhere.
11:57And they're all found in super-mysterious locations.
12:01One of the most famous ones is in Chesterfield, New Hampshire.
12:05A long, medieval-looking staircase made of stones with Roman arches in the middle of the woods.
12:11It's believed to have been part of Madame Antoinette Sherry's castle.
12:16She was a big singer back in Paris.
12:18The castle dates back about 100 years, and it was later discovered again in 1962.
12:23This time, there was nothing but a staircase.
12:28Another mysterious ancient staircase dates back to 9,000 years ago.
12:32It's in a forest in Italy.
12:35It looks like a series of stairs that lead to a tiny platform at the top.
12:40Now, why go through all the trouble of building the thing if it leads to nowhere?
12:45Well, some scientists think it could have been some sort of ritual tower.
12:49But your guess is as good as theirs.
12:52There's an anomaly in the Indian Ocean, known as the Indian Ocean Geoid Low, or IOGL.
12:59It produces the largest distorting natural gravitational force in the world.
13:05Heavy mineral deposits, many deep-sea trenches, and magma reservoirs disturb the magnetic field in this area.
13:12Earth's gravity changes in different places around the planet.
13:15It allows researchers to look for patterns and figure out what's happening beneath the surface.
13:21Higher gravity fields usually mean denser materials below, and vice versa.
13:27Some scientists believe that the anomaly might be a dent in the planet's mantle that is working its way up
13:33to the crust.
13:35The Niihau Island actually rejects the fruits of today's advancements.
13:40There are no cars in sight since the locals get around on foot or by bicycles.
13:45No wonder their legs have great definition.
13:48They thrive without running water, internet, or shops.
13:53The only school on the entire island is powered by solar energy with a backup generator.
13:58And what's awesome is that it's the only school in the state that's powered by the sun.
14:03Being a resident of the island, the local explains some ground rules the permanent residents must abide by.
14:10If they do break these rules, they can be evicted.
14:14Now, not far from Bangkok, in northeastern Thailand, there's a 75-million-year-old rock formation.
14:21These rocks look like three whales swimming together.
14:25The beautiful design, created by nature, became known as Three Whales Rock.
14:31Millions of years ago, this area was just a desert.
14:34But the land was changing.
14:35Gradually, sandstone got pulled apart by the movements of tectonic plates and erosion.
14:41That's how these spectacular formations were created.
14:45If you decide to explore the system of trails around Three Whales Rock, you'll find waterfalls and an abundance of
14:52fauna and flora there.
14:54Located on Gamal and Gaiden peninsulas, these expansive pit holes were discovered in 2014.
15:01They seem to be still changing and evolving.
15:04The pits grow wider, and people find them more often.
15:07Of course, there's no shortage of theories about how they appeared.
15:12Suggestions range from meteorite impacts to the activity of other civilizations.
15:16But the most common explanation is that methane gas reacted to water molecules after the planet's permafrost started to melt.
15:25This resulted in bubbles of methane bursting through the ice.
15:28The craters could be thousands of years old, but nobody knows for sure.
15:34You're driving to the state of New Mexico, to the small town of Taos.
15:392% of the locals hear a strange buzzing in the air every day.
15:44Some residents believe the sound is somehow connected with technologies used by guests from other galaxies.
15:52Also, there is a theory that something sinister lives in the town.
15:56They say Taos is cursed.
15:58An evil spirit or a phantom punishes people for something their ancestors did in the past.
16:04Scientists still can't explain the nature of this sound.
16:07Another theory says it's caused by unusual acoustics of the location, while others think the buzzing is a hallucination.
16:15Some can hear it because everybody talks about something, and our minds create an illusion of the sound that doesn't
16:22really exist.
16:22The sound isn't the same for everyone, either.
16:25For some, it's a low hum.
16:28For others, it's more of a buzzing sound.
16:30But this is not the only place where you can hear the strange noises.
16:35It's called the hum, and people worldwide claim to have heard it.
16:39Some dwellers of a small village in Scotland describe it as a low, thick hum.
16:45While some residents of Florida heard a similar sound, too.
16:49It's not exactly known where this phenomenon appeared, but the first time the media started talking about it was in
16:55the 1970s in England.
16:58Also, there are written records of a mysterious buzzing dating back almost 200 years.
17:04According to some estimates, only about 2% of people on the planet can hear the hum.
17:09Perhaps their ears pick up some low-frequency waves, or the reason is something else entirely.
17:15Maybe, just maybe, they hear humming because the person doing it doesn't know the words to the song.
17:22Yeah, that joke is also 200 years old.
17:26A volcano in Indonesia spews bright blue lava and produces electric blue and purple flames.
17:33This phenomenon occurs because the volcano has some of the highest levels of sulfur in the world.
17:40You can also know you're near it by its foul stench.
17:43But I digress.
17:45And when sulfuric gases interact with scorching hot air and get lit by the molten lava, they turn blue.
17:53You can also find the world's largest acid lake inside this crater.
17:57Yep, it's a real stinker.
18:00Underwater rivers and lakes are called brine pools for a reason.
18:05High salinity makes the water in them denser than the seawater around.
18:09That's why it sinks to the bottom, forming rivers and lakes.
18:13Those have waves of their own, and these waves can sometimes lap up against the shorelines.
18:18If you went down there in the submarine, it would easily float on the surface of a brine pool.
18:23But without a submarine, swimming in such a lake would be too risky.
18:27They contain too much toxic methane and hydrogen sulfide.
18:32Yeah, I'd pass on that too.
18:33But hey, be my guest!
18:36Cave of Crystals in Mexico is home to the world's most unique crystal formations.
18:41Thanks to super rare conditions in the cave, crystals there grow to unbelievable sizes.
18:47The air inside is incredibly humid.
18:49The water contains tons of minerals that boost the growth of the milky white giants.
18:55Some of them are longer than telephone poles.
18:59Cylindrical snow donuts occur when a wind gust starts to roll some snow across a snowy area,
19:05as if making a snowball.
19:07If it was a real thing, it would eventually become too heavy for the wind to move.
19:11But a snow donut's center is hollowed out.
19:15This happens because its inner layer is too thin and is blown away when the donut is formed.
19:20This makes the thing lighter than a snowball.
19:23That's also why it rolls further.
19:25Unfortunately, snow donuts are rare because they need very precise conditions to appear.
19:31The Danikil Depression in Ethiopia is probably one of the most bizarre-looking places you'll ever see.
19:38It's dotted with neon-colored hot springs, lava pools, and vast salt flats.
19:44You've got to be especially careful there.
19:46Toxic gases are swirling over hydrothermal fields, and many pools are super acidic.
19:52So, don't go swimming.
19:54Until at least 30 minutes after lunch.
19:57Just kidding.
19:58And finally, there's nothing mysterious about 28,000 rubber ducks found in the sea in 1992.
20:06That's when a ship transporting bath toys got lost in the ocean while traveling from Hong Kong to the U
20:12.S.
20:13Some of these ducks are still floating in the ocean several decades later.
20:17They've been spotted in South America, Alaska, Hawaii, and even Australia.
20:22And they make bath time lots of fun.
20:25Ooh, rubber ducky.
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