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هي مكتبة رقمية تحتوي علي آلاف الفيديوهات العربية في جميع المجالات
It is a digital library containing thousands of Arabic videos in all fields.
قوائم تشغيل فسيلة
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LearningTranscript
00:00Waitings Waitings
00:01My son, it's getting late, the Mamluks want to marginalize us.
00:05We'll make the rosary, it'll be fun
00:06The Assassins are late because someone made the way difficult.
00:09Please, Mullaji, try to stall the Mamluks a little, I beg you.
00:13Procrastinator?
00:15present
00:15I never
00:16Good night, big guy
00:18She was a very beautiful daughter-in-law
00:19It's late, we need to sleep.
00:21Why aren't you sleeping?
00:23And the surprise he made for you
00:25a surprise?
00:26I didn't want to tell you
00:28I am going to kill you
00:31Who is calling?
00:34Meltaku Hamutko Meltak?
00:36The timer was slow, I didn't know whether to choose a support or a backer.
00:38The truth about Mozah
00:41But we're already late and we need to go now.
00:43Name your place
00:50What kind of authority is this?
00:52I liked the salad
01:04Wow, this is a throwaway!
01:21Enough, you Mamluks, you Awbash!
01:24What's going on?
01:25The show is over
01:26The real reason you all gathered here today is for this show.
01:31Now is the time
01:33Prepare for the massacre
01:35massacre?
01:36What massacre?
01:40Price massacre
01:42Discounts Rosary
01:43He ran away! He ran away! He ran away!
01:45And he who does not lie will be relieved
01:55Dear viewers
01:55Peace and blessings of God be upon you
01:57Welcome to a new episode of the Dabke program
01:59Dear viewer of the beautiful
02:00If you see this first episode
02:01I want to tell you that you can stop
02:03The previous episode was titled "The Mamluks".
02:05Then you finish it and come back to watch this episode.
02:06To have a better experience
02:08Come here, my dear
02:08We are talking about a very important chapter at the end of the history of the Mamluks.
02:12Marj Dabiq
02:121516 AD
02:14Two kilometers north of the city of Halaf in Syria
02:17And on the plain extending north of the village of Dabiq
02:19Following the location is easier.
02:21Also known as Dabiq Tower
02:22Sultan Konsuwa al-Ghawri's endowment
02:24Sultan of the Mamluks
02:25At the head of an army of fifty thousand fighters
02:27They came to confront the Ottoman army.
02:29The one who dared to enter the lands of the Sultanate's kingdom
02:32And it occupied part of her property
02:33Which is the capable supplier
02:34And in another saying, the possessor of power
02:36And in another saying, the possessor of power
02:38On the night of Sunday, August 24, 1516
02:41And the son of Sultan al-Ghuri fears to sleep
02:43Look, look one last time at the plain in front of him
02:45Marj Dabiq Plain
02:45My heart said, "I am afraid of you, O Marj Dabiq."
02:48And my dear friend, he was right to be afraid.
02:50Because I'm from the future, I want to tell you that he was a blessing in his life.
02:53A few hours
02:53And what remained in the Mamluk Sultanate was only a few weeks.
02:56And the terrible dome with the decorations
02:59Amazing, the one in Benha Al-Ghouri in the heart of Cairo
03:01So that he may be buried there
03:01And the Ghori, which is on Al-Ghariya Street
03:03It will remain forever low
03:04Because Sultan al-Ghuri will not only die in battle
03:06The horses will trample him and no one will know the way to his body.
03:08The one that will light up and disappear
03:11Despite
03:12The reign of Sultan al-Ghuri was characterized by the Sultan's extreme extravagance.
03:15And his love for it lies in the fact that he builds beautiful buildings.
03:17But for years she was telling anyone who could understand
03:20The winds of change are coming, they're coming
03:29He prefers to say, "By God, the last death, the last death, the last death."
03:31Literally no, my dear Muradah
03:33Winds of change are coming across the entire region.
03:35For example, you have the Cape of Good Hope
03:37So suddenly he appears to the lord
03:38He told her that there was a condition in order for Kat to change course.
03:40The entire trade of Europe passes through
03:43Far from the land of the Mamluks, and the Mamluks dream
03:45One of their most important sources of income
03:47Customs duties and taxes imposed on trade
03:49At the same time, it puts the monarchy in a precarious financial situation.
03:52Because at that time there was a young and strong force
03:54Ottoman Empire
03:55Why, my dear, does Taqwa have such an appetite for expansion?
03:58It's true that when Qaid Bay was around, they tried to expand it.
04:00At the expense of the Mamluks, but Qaid Bey
04:01He calculated the outcome of the confrontation and left the Sultan
04:04Bayezid II, the Ottoman, accepts the demolition
04:06Between the two states, but when Bayezid II
04:08He died in 1512
04:09A very important sultan takes his place
04:12In the history of the Ottoman Empire
04:13The great master of the drums, Selim I
04:15Firstly, Sultan Selim's relationship with the Mamluks
04:18It was a friendly relationship or
04:19In the world of politics, it seems so.
04:21Sultan al-Ghuri was largely reassured.
04:24Because the Ottomans were
04:25They were busy with other people who had a fight.
04:27Far more important than the Mamluks with their Safavid enemies
04:30This fight was a complete disaster.
04:32The energy of the first Selim is absorbed
04:33All the power of the Ottomans, but what did they know?
04:36Salim achieves a decisive victory
04:38On the Safavids in the Battle of Chaldiran
04:39The year 1514 in Dina.
04:41Let's start looking at these Mamluks.
04:43What's their news? They're a faction of the Mamluks.
04:45Both sides, the Ottomans and the Mamluks, began
04:47He is preparing for a battle, and he knows it very well.
04:49It is strong that it will be a decisive battle.
04:52It does not belong to the group stage
04:54Nkaut in the language of the Wafa
04:55Indeed, Sultan Selim I
04:57It begins to move and penetrate
04:59In the lands of the Mamluks
05:00They leave the following historical periods to say
05:03They prepared an army in Aleppo to stop this advance.
05:05So that the sisters of both sides may meet in Marj Dabiq
05:08On the morning of the battle, Sultan al-Hawy stands
05:10And about forty copies of the Holy Quran
05:12In bags of yellow alpha
05:14It was carried by a group of nobles
05:16The Prophet's descendants are followed by groups of Sufis
05:18By their red and green markings
05:20And the lights, along with the Abbasid Caliph
05:22So that they could meet the Ottomans
05:24This is where the power of the Ottoman state becomes apparent.
05:26And the Teltmiya is the mighty cannon.
05:27The defender who was able to break the Mamluks
05:30After eight hours, my friend, we'll reach the most dangerous stage of the battle.
05:32A surprise in the Mamluk army
05:33It's spreading a rumor
05:34Oh, Sultan's henchmen, kill the one who spread this rumor, the left-wing commander.
05:38Khair Bey, Ameer, Aleppo
05:39Khair Bek, my dear, or as Al-Musayem called it after that
05:42Bekhain Bek in Ifsh, many expectations
05:44He had previously made an agreement with the Ottomans
05:46If he sells Sultan al-Ghuri
05:48And indeed, the man was a respectable traitor who lived up to his word.
05:51He witnessed the withdrawal and returned with his soldiers to Aleppo.
05:53After the rumor hit him
05:54The entire left flank withdrew from the army.
05:57The parents were unaware of the color
05:59Khair Bey took his soldiers and went to Aleppo
06:00With the withdrawal of the left flank, the Mamluk army finds itself in a different position.
06:03He does not reap it
06:04The soldiers fled during the battle, especially after the rumor of Sultan al-Ghuri's death.
06:07The Sultan prefers to be alone in the heart of the battle.
06:09O people, except that I am your death, may it last.
06:11I'm still alive
06:12Brothers, I am like you, you think I am dead
06:14There is no one more loyal than Khayr Beek
06:16He's definitely the one who didn't leak this rumor because
06:18One of my army commanders
06:20The Ghori is preferred in this battle with a small number of his craft.
06:23And to this day we don't know exactly
06:25What happened?
06:25After the two battles, he tells you that he had a heart attack.
06:27Because at the time of the battle he was 75 years old
06:29It is a fact that horses and camels were involved in the war.
06:32The second dimension says that the Ottoman soldiers
06:34The one whose rights are violated is Pyramid, so they cut off his head and throw his body among the corpses.
06:37But what we do know is that with the defeat of the Sultan
06:40Because of the bad performance, the end credits are playing.
06:42In the Mamluk Sultanate
06:44He gathers, my dear Mamluks
06:47Or what remains of the Mamluks in Cairo
06:49And they choose a successor to Sultan al-Ghuri
06:52He is the son of his brother Al-Ashraf
06:53Tuman Bay
06:54Tuman Bay assumes power without enough soldiers
06:58No money in the treasury
07:00He tries with the resources he has
07:02Which is basically a small number, that he is organizing the resistance again
07:05For seven months he desperately tried to confront the Ottoman army.
07:09And it stops their progress
07:10Okay, so what happens? Does Abu Hamid succeed?
07:12I warned
07:12You, my dear, and Omar, and you saw how the Mamluk-style dessert was successful.
07:14His friends always jump on the bandwagon for personal gain, so he remains a fool.
07:16Tuman Bay discovered that the senior Mamluks
07:19They signed their ointment, they were done
07:21They made a deal with the Ottomans
07:22Good brings trending
07:23Tuman Bay rejects the offer made to him by Sultan Selim.
07:26He surrendered and in return took over the rule of Egypt.
07:29In a letter I sent him, it was full of compliments
07:32Moreover, it also contained mockery of the origins of Tuman Bay.
07:35Salim told him, "I am a sultan, son of a sultan, twenty generations back."
07:38But you, Toman Bay
07:39Who? What is your origin?
07:41You are owned and you legislate by force
07:42It is said that this letter made Tuman Bay cry
07:45It is said that he vowed to himself that he would resist until his last breath.
07:49He's definitely dead, Abu Ahmed, right?
07:50Thus, the Mamluk armies waged fierce battles against the Ottomans.
07:54But things end with the defeat of the Mamluks.
07:56You know, my dear, in the Battle of Ridaniya
07:58Take your time, we'll fulfill our longing.
07:59It is said that a war is over, and twenty dirhams are enough.
08:01The fight started and ended in Teltaya
08:03Al-Raidaniyah, which is on the outskirts of Cairo
08:04And today, the Abbasiya area
08:06When the Ottomans triumphed there, they entered Cairo itself.
08:08Tuman Bay and the Mamluks disappear
08:10Abu Ahmed Tuman Bay fled
08:12Oh my dear, you face
08:13Tuman Bay Mahrabsh
08:14Although Sultan Selim I believed that Tuman Bay had escaped
08:17And he only returned because Tuman Bay was hiding in a corridor in Cairo.
08:21And after a few days he reappears and leads 8000 slaves
08:24A number of bodies join them
08:25Along with them, a group of locals confronted the Ottoman army in a street battle in Cairo.
08:30A war that lasted four full days
08:32The war that shaped the moment when Tuman Bay triumphed
08:35To the point that mosque preachers on Fridays have started praying again.
08:38But the Ottomans did not surrender easily.
08:40They used cannons and struck the heart of Cairo.
08:42Tuman Bay was forced to flee once again.
08:44And the Ottomans took even harsher revenge on the locals.
08:47And the burning of the mosques on Saliba Street, which was the center of the resistance.
08:49Some historians say that in this confrontation
08:51More than sixty thousand people died
08:52Murkh Ibn Iyas, who was present at this scene himself
08:55He says this event is in Cairo
08:57It was like the Mongol invasion of Baghdad
08:59But after all this happened
09:01Tuman Bay succeeds for the second time
09:03He is fleeing from the Ottomans and following the style
09:05Ottoman attack on the Ottomans
09:07What are you doing? He confronts them in Wardan and Al-Jezir.
09:09Dahshur and Atfih, and this is what makes Tuman Bay
09:12He is gaining immense popularity among Egyptians.
09:14Those who see in him a legendary hero who appears anywhere
09:16He strikes and runs
09:17But in the Gharbia Governorate, the final moment arrives
09:19When Sheikh Hassan bin Mar'i betrays Tuman Bay
09:22And the Ottomans handed him over
09:23Although the first Sultan Al-Sadim admired Tuman Bay
09:26To the point that some are speculating that he actually thought
09:28He stands up for him and appoints him governor of Egypt.
09:30His enemy is dazzlingly clever, but the servants of the Mamluks are like Khair Bey.
09:34They insisted that he must execute Tuman Bay.
09:37Because when he takes you like that, when he tries, he is the ruler
09:40What is possible is that the traitors will be executed.
09:41Those who were poor and left-handed
09:43Those who said that the strangers died, he didn't die.
09:45And how much the first Sultan Al-Sadim feared the popularity of Tuman Bay
09:48And his legend orders, 17 days after Tuman Bay's imprisonment
09:51Inside the Ottoman camp in Bala, he is being executed.
09:54On April 23, 1517, a great procession passed from Bala to Cairo.
09:59A procession of officials in Tuman Bay on horseback, surrounded by 400 Ottoman soldiers.
10:04And the people stood on both sides, greeting Tuman Bay with respect and reverence.
10:08He returned the greeting all the way
10:10Until the procession reaches Bab Zuweila
10:12The horse will stop and Tuman Bay will dismount.
10:14And he sees the hangman's noose hanging
10:15He knows that this is the moment of the end
10:17He decides to walk to the gallows himself.
10:19He looks at the people and asks them to recite the Fatiha three times.
10:22Then he looks at the executioner and says to him, "What did I say?" (the famous one)
10:25Which is the last sentence said by a Mamluk sultan: "Do your job."
10:28And indeed, Tamam Bay is hanged
10:30The rope breaks and he falls to the ground.
10:32A new rope is brought to him, but it breaks again.
10:34A stronger rope is used to hang him for the third time.
10:37And here his soul ascends to heaven
10:39And the people around him were crying out in sorrow and regret for her.
10:41His body was preferred to be hung at Bab Zuweila for three days.
10:45Until the smell comes out, then he is taken down, washed, and shrouded.
10:48He is buried in an unmarked grave somewhere beneath the dome of the ghoul.
10:51So far, he hasn't told me where he is.
10:53And here, my dear, ends the Mamluk Sultanate.
10:56The state that began with the blood of Torancha
10:58It ended with Taman Bay's body hanging on the Bab Zuweila gate.
11:01If you look closely, my dear, you will find a separate section.
11:03This era began with bloodshed and ended with bloodshed.
11:05It began with the death of Torrancha, who was the first to try to kill him, but he escaped.
11:08Then they tried to burn him, but he escaped until he died in the Nile.
11:11And also, getting rid of him wasn't easy; they tried to destroy him three times.
11:14Besides, in previous exhibitions he would run away every time and then return again
11:17The conclusion, my dear, is that the Mamluk state was the death or collapse of the Mamluk sultanate.
11:22The state that ruled Egypt, the Levant, and the Hejaz
11:25For up to 257 years
11:27If I were to say, "O Abu Ahmad"
11:28When Selim I, who is a historical figure, was born in 1500
11:31He is the one who laid the foundations for the Mamluk state.
11:33So how did Muhammad Ali, who came about 300 years later, become a successor?
11:36I carried out the famous Mamluk massacre and placed it on them
11:40How many parts were the Mamluks?
11:41Oh, there is a vast difference between the Mamluk state, the rule of the Mamluks, and the Mamluks themselves.
11:46It is true that the Mamluk Sultanate ended
11:50Their direct rule of Egypt ended
11:53But the Mamluks themselves in Egypt continued
11:55No, they were also able to find a new place and a new place for themselves.
11:59It might even be stronger than before.
12:01Let me take you to the year 1517, my dear
12:04The Mamluks were named, and the Mamluk state ended.
12:07And the wish was not to be, his image disappeared
12:09It's as if he wasn't there at all.
12:10According to the Egyptian historian Ibn Iyas
12:12Sultan Selim I the Victorious
12:14It brings together manufacturers, craftsmen, religious scholars, and judges.
12:18And he takes them to Istanbul
12:19And he takes with him the Caliph Al-Mutawakkil Ala Allah Al-Salis
12:23And here, my dear, ends the era of the Syrian Abbasid Caliphate.
12:27The Ottoman Sultan remains the same Caliph
12:29The seat of the Caliphate will move from Cairo to Istanbul.
12:32And here, my dear, is the difference between the two cities: a great deal.
12:34And mountains and deserts separate them from each other
12:36So the Ottoman Caliph arrives at a slightly different formula
12:40So that he can rule Egypt
12:41So, what's the deal that makes who's part of the power structure in Egypt?
12:44Build the Mamluks, Abu Ahmad
12:45May God protect you, my dear
12:46Surely when you were little you played Spot the Differences
12:48Simply put, my dear, the Ottomans saw the idea of the Mamluks as a unique one.
12:52People bring them in cheaply from faraway countries
12:54We train them in deception and military service throughout their lives.
12:57Strict military training that enables us to fight our enemies
12:59That's why the Ottomans preferred to bring Mamluks from Transoxiana.
13:03Or from the places of Ottoman conquests in Europe
13:05Besides, their princes at that time
13:07The time when Selim I was leaving in Egypt
13:09They are indeed capable of handling all the country's affairs.
13:12We know it's a mess, a hole, a hole, and we know how they made it look bad.
13:15The Mamluk sage was very strong; they had two years and fifty-seven years.
13:18They all know where they'll be in five years.
13:21Often, a pebble hangs on any door.
13:22Power is in the hands of three powers.
13:25The primary power is represented by the authority of the Pasha or the Wali.
13:28The second force was in the hands of the Ottoman regiment soldiers.
13:31Which is the military garrison located in the castle
13:33To prevent any transfer of power, the third branch of government remained in the hands of the Mamluk princes.
13:37Each emir is in charge of a sanjak or directorate.
13:40Which, in the language of our time, is a governorate
13:41The Mamluk prince becomes governor
13:43And he takes the title of Bey
13:44Egypt was then divided into 24 sanjaks
13:46Each Bek Basmoul is responsible for managing his department and organizing its affairs.
13:50All of you, young men, are in Sinjaqah
13:51No one should encroach on the other's land; let them cultivate it and maintain security.
13:54And it maintains its grain exports to the Ottoman state.
13:57As for the Bey who organizes the affairs of Cairo, that's the Bey Bey.
14:00This person is the most important governor because he is the governor of the capital.
14:03The Ottomans and Mamluks agreed on an effective system, known as the Sheikh of the City.
14:08To a large extent in management
14:09The governor rules and sets the general guidelines for the country.
14:12This ensures the loyalty of the country to the Ottoman Sultanate.
14:16And seasoned Mamluks who can manage the country's key sectors
14:19They have experience in Egyptian affairs that is passed down from generation to generation.
14:22And of course, one of the most important of these things is taxes and money.
14:26At that time, all agricultural lands were divided into sections according to a system called "al-Iltizam" (the commitment).
14:30Our system places each group of villages or lands together under the control of one person.
14:34This is the committed one
14:35This tax collector's task is to send the taxes in advance to the governor.
14:40Where will the governor send it to the Sultan? In Istanbul.
14:43Then he gathered what he knew from the workers and farmers, his share
14:46I mean, I want a mudam to give to the sultan, a mudam
14:48And then he started collecting
14:49The Sultan told you his tax is to reach you
14:51And you are obligated to collect taxes from people.
14:53Of course, I don't need to tell you that this religious scholar was one of the Mamluk princes.
14:57This generally means that the entire system has proven effective and successful for a considerable period of time.
15:02Especially during the time when the Ottoman Empire was strong.
15:05The Ottoman governor was also powerful in his own right.
15:07And the Mamluks were in a state of chaos.
15:10At that time there was a balance and stability in power
15:13Oh Abu Ahmed, the special episode has ended.
15:15No, this town is driving me crazy, I'll go out and come to you.
15:17Which country, my dear, acts like this, like a human being?
15:21What happens to a person?
15:23You go through moments of weakness and moments of illness
15:24This is what happened with the Ottoman Empire; its problems began to multiply.
15:27And the Mamluks gradually began to regain their strength.
15:30They are playing on their home ground
15:31When the Ottoman state jumped like that, we lost Ziad's currency.
15:34You are weak and we want to rule
15:35The topic, my dear, sometimes reached
15:38The sheikh of the country is the de facto ruler of the country.
15:41The governor is forced to comply with his orders.
15:43But my dear, this village chief is the Bey of Cairo.
15:46The Ottoman governor was supposed to be superior to him anyway.
15:48Things get more and more complicated as time goes on
15:51It reached the point where the country's sheikh, Ali Bey the Great
15:53He takes advantage of the war between Russia and the Ottoman Empire
15:56The year 1768 is attributed to the governor
15:58Sorry, my friend, you're welcome
16:00The governor is ordered to leave Egypt within 48 hours.
16:04And imagine, he's not just seizing power in Egypt.
16:06This starts with military equipment.
16:08Its purpose is to seize control of a country like Yemen.
16:10and the lands of Hijaz
16:10And the cunning one takes care of his name in Mecca, in the Holy Sanctuary.
16:13As the sultan of the country, and not only that, but also
16:15He starts communicating with the Russians
16:17Those who are enemies of the Ottoman state
16:18And he launched a campaign led by his friend Muhammad Bey Abu al-Dahab
16:21To bring all of the Levant under his rule
16:24And indeed, the campaign is targeting Nablus.
16:25Jerusalem is dry, and Damascus smiles at it.
16:27They play rope seriously
16:28It seems to you, my dear, that Ali Bey the Great has taken control of everything.
16:31But my dear friend, Ali Bey the Great forgot a very important rule in the history of the kingdom.
16:36In the friend's house is a friend's house
16:37Muhammad Bey Abu al-Dahab, a friend of Ali Bey al-Kabir
16:40And his vigil and the commander of his armies
16:42And he is the one who deserves the greatest credit for his victories
16:44He decides to change his relationship with him
16:46Ali Bey the Great betrays his friend
16:48He is biased towards the Ottoman Sultan
16:49He returns with the army from Syria
16:51Oh, Abu Hamad, he withdrew just like Khair Bey.
16:53I wish he was like Khair Bek
16:55I wish he had withdrawn, but my dear, he's coming back.
16:57His leader is fighting
17:00And his friend Ali Bey the Great
17:01This forced him to flee Cairo.
17:03Not only that, their forces meet in an area
17:05Al-Salihiya in the Eastern Province, so that he would be injured at that time.
17:07Ali Bey al-Kabir's injury leads
17:09Until his death, and here ends five years
17:11From rebellion and rule of Egypt
17:13I think you now know the answer to the famous question, my dear.
17:15From the movie "The Look Who Killed Ali Bey El Kabir"
17:17So, my dear, we can say that the one who killed Ali Bey the Great was Muhammad Abu al-Da'ab.
17:21Let me take you on a journey through time, my dear.
17:24Specifically, on April 15, 1800
17:26Kléber, commander of the French military in Egypt
17:29He is facing a violent rebellion
17:31What he said for a whole month
17:32Or what is known as the second Cairo image
17:34Kleber decides to bombard Cairo with cannons
17:37And the one who supplies him with his needs in war, such as provisions and ammunition
17:40He is none other than the Mamluk leader and the sheikh of the country, Murad Bey.
17:43This is also Kleber when he decides to burn down the Balaa neighborhood, the center of the second Cairo revolution.
17:47Murad Bey not only allows him to do that
17:48No, he sends him ships loaded with wreckage and contaminated materials.
17:53It's broken and we're putting it in a cast.
17:55To completely destroy the Balaa neighborhood and Cairo
17:57I heard you, my dear, telling me
17:58And in it, O Abu Hamid
17:59What's better?
17:59Dear beautiful viewer
18:00May I please elaborate on the context?
18:02maybe?
18:02So guide me, Abu Hamid
18:03Thank you, July 1, 1798
18:05It arrives
18:06They will see Napoleon Bonaparte
18:07The one carrying 40,000 soldiers
18:09They deliver to Agami beach
18:10Yam Bskandaran
18:11Oh Abu Hamid, they had reservations in Al-Nakheel
18:12No, my dear, they were coming to occupy Egypt.
18:14Are they occupying it?
18:15They're just messing around, my dear. You were a student, your level was low.
18:18Egypt back then, my dear
18:19It was ruled by two Mamluk princes.
18:22Morbek and Ibrahim Bey
18:24Amidst a completely Syrian presence
18:26And almost meaningless from the Ottoman governor
18:28After 17 days of walking in the desert
18:31Million Bonaparte takes us to the Bechtel region
18:33Foreheads along the door
18:34The Mamluk army would be led by Murad Bey
18:37Bestnik
18:37In the background, my dear, in their frame
18:40There is the Great Pyramid
18:41This battle became known as the Battle of the Pyramids.
18:44She tells you, my dear, that this meeting
18:45It was fitting that he should be praising Onspot
18:47And he didn't even finish an hour.
18:48We don't seem to, my dear
18:50The Mamluks
18:51They weren't well prepared for the battle.
18:53They omitted some minor details.
18:55In short, it means
18:56They entered the war with spears and swords
18:59And in the same usual ways, and so on.
19:01They encountered a European armed army
19:03With cannons and rifles
19:04I'll leave the rest to your imagination.
19:07And for your feelings
19:07The European army could easily disperse the Mamluk forces.
19:11They are forced to throw themselves into the Nile.
19:13So they can save themselves from the chaos
19:14Many of those who came out of the cannon were exhausted from the escape.
19:18At that time there were approximately ten thousand Mamluks
19:20Many a thing happens
19:21How many times you kill
19:22Yama Ghayraq
19:23Ibrahim Bey flees to Syria with his Mamluks
19:25Murad Bey flees to Al-Sa'id with his Mamluks
19:27But he doesn't give up
19:29He is trying to exhaust the campaign with tiresome and continuous skirmishes.
19:32So, my dear, this was one of the most well-known patterns in the Mamluk wars.
19:36hit and run
19:37You are sugar
19:44They would descend upon it in Upper Egypt, set up camp, and settle there.
19:47And before the French army arrives, which is being driven out by the leadership of General DZA
19:50News reaches Murad Bey through his spies.
19:53So he runs away and goes to another place.
19:54And so this journey that has exhausted the French continues.
19:58And after Napoleon is forced to leave Egypt
20:00Because of the uproar that happened in France
20:02So, you know the story now?
20:03Napoleon marched on, still unable to defeat Murad Bey and his Mamluks.
20:06General Kléber came to rule Egypt during Napoleon's reign
20:09He begins negotiations with Murad Bey for weapons.
20:11Murad Bey had a fear
20:13If the French left and the Ottomans returned to rule Egypt
20:16They'll carry him away and bring someone else in his place.
20:18And this Murad Bey agrees with Kleber
20:20He will rule Upper Egypt in the name of the French Republic.
20:23Common Telephone
20:23When Murad Bey finds that Cairo
20:25It rebels against the French in the form of a second Cairo.
20:28He sees a scene filled with treachery and meanness.
20:31Oh Murad
20:31Murad Betfany is at the service of the French carrier
20:35Those who are the new weak ones
20:36And the French are helping to burn Cairo
20:38Cairo, whose sheikh he was.
20:40Her family knows him, and he knows her.
20:41Murad Bey extends his hand to Kleber
20:43He helps him with everything he needs to destroy the image of Cairo
20:46And with the fuel of a burning living calamity
20:48This, my dear, is a dramatic scene that shows you the Mamluk system.
20:51Where is Farah?
20:51How did their presence transform from a presence that defended the East against the Crusaders and Mongols?
20:55By the system, even if it witnessed bloody conflicts
20:57But he contributed to the development of Cairo with great and amazing mosques and monuments.
21:01All of this suddenly transforms into a troublesome presence for the Mamluks.
21:03What he contributes to with the colonizer is burning Cairo
21:06Fate, my dear, does not fulfill the desires of many.
21:08Of course you stared at him, Abu Ahmed, I know that.
21:10The truth, my dear Murad, is a plague.
21:12This is new, Abu Ahmed
21:13A powerful plague appears and strikes Upper Egypt
21:16Murad Bey will be his most important victim
21:18So that he may die and be buried in Sohag
21:19So, the situation is still present today, even after the French left Egypt.
21:22And another powerful Mamluk prince
21:24Which is Murad Bey
21:25And also the Egyptians' awareness of their strengths
21:28Their ability to confront the French campaign
21:30Egypt is currently experiencing a state of political chaos.
21:32The Ottomans are trying to send a strong force
21:35The Mamluks are trying to return to the old ways.
21:37The Egyptian people are angry with the French.
21:39They will have a voice and a word that is heard.
21:41To the point that the people of Cairo, led by Omar Makram
21:43Saza 1885 AD
21:44They are depicting the Ottoman governor, Kharsha Pasha.
21:47The Sultan is forced to respond to them and dismiss them.
21:49He is fulfilling their demands in appointing a commander for the Albaam soldiers' brigades.
21:52The spotted one, so that he may be the governor of Egypt.
21:55The man who would later become someone of great importance
21:57Historians agree that he is the founder of modern Egypt.
22:00The one whose name, my dear, is Muhammad Ali
22:01When Muhammad Ali came to power
22:04His first and most important problem was the Mamluks.
22:07The de facto rulers of the country
22:09The system has been in place for hundreds of years.
22:10Just three months after Muhammad Ali took power
22:12The most important of the Mamluk commanders of Murad Bey's idea
22:15The one whose name was Muhammad Bey Al-Alfi
22:17This guy is attacking Cairo
22:18And with him were a thousand slaves
22:19But Muhammad Ali sets a trap for them.
22:21And he expels them beyond the borders of Cairo and Giza.
22:23And when he tries to expel them too
22:24Every day, they gain power and overcome them.
22:26And they defeated him in Fayoum
22:28And they defeated him again in the lake.
22:29When the English prepare to invade Egypt
22:31During Fraser's campaign
22:32Alfi Beck is in contact with them
22:34In exchange for their promise that he would be the ruler of Egypt
22:36When they occupy it
22:37But time, my dear, unfortunately
22:39They don't exaggerate much
22:40He dies before the campaign arrives.
22:41On the shores of Egypt in 1807
22:43Life, my dear
22:44Muhammad Ali's dreams were bigger
22:45He is merely a Syrian governor
22:48over a country that he effectively rules
22:50The Mamluks
22:51I want to rule
22:51I want to see what the Mamluk is doing.
22:53Muhammad Ali's ambition was greater than any limit created at the time.
22:55He is a man known for his intelligence and extreme cunning.
22:58And he was able to understand how to orchestrate plots and schemes
23:00Muhammad Ali framed
23:01An Egyptian regime is impossible to establish.
23:03Unless the old system completely ends
23:06The three-force combination and Kentucky D mixer
23:08It's not a good number
23:09The system established by Sultan Selim I
23:11290 years ago
23:12He no longer eats with Muhammad Ali.
23:14Because simply put, a compound has two leaders
23:16It's sinking, and that's why
23:17He plotted, planned, and managed to reconcile the king.
23:20And he ends his wars with him
23:21The weapon, of course
23:22The one who wasn't a real weapon
23:23Rather, the taste of luring them to a horrific, bloody end was
23:27Finally, my dear
23:28We reach the end today
23:29March 11, 1811
23:31The Day of the King's Rosary
23:33The moments before the rosary
23:34Kanch said never
23:35This will happen
23:36Everything was going well
23:37With utmost smoothness and softness
23:38Muhammad Ali
23:39He was sitting in the reception area of the castle.
23:41He receives the Mamluk princes
23:42He greets them
23:43The princes who were more than 471
23:45They answered his noble call
23:46For his son's farewell party
23:48Tusun
23:48Those outside suffer during the campaign
23:50I'm traveling abroad
23:51It is thought that Muhammad Ali
23:52He was very kind in welcoming them.
23:53He called them to the reception killer
23:55Sherb had coffee with them
23:56And their conversation was friendly and kind.
23:58Or the drums will beat
23:59To learn about the violations of the army command
24:01Muhammad Ali
24:01He went and greeted the king
24:02The one who sends his son
24:03He tells them
24:03Please come in
24:04I'm staying here for a bit
24:05And they insult them
24:05They go out
24:06For destiny
24:07And the end
24:07my dear
24:08When you follow the path of determination
24:09After his passing, Sanbasha
24:10and his knights
24:11statesmen
24:11The shooting begins
24:12On the king
24:13Our meeting was a mercy
24:14In his book
24:15The era of Muhammad Ali
24:15The historian says
24:16Abdul Rahman Al-Rafi'i
24:17Her hour
24:18Muhammad Ali
24:18He was still sitting in the reception area.
24:20His features, honestly
24:21She was worried
24:21His face was disturbed
24:22He is a worker who hears
24:23sound of gunfire
24:24And the scream
24:25The scream that was coming out
24:26From the Mamluk princes
24:27Those who are being killed
24:28Without any mercy
24:29The scene
24:29It was terrifying and horrible
24:30Jabarti is talking
24:31About one of the Mamluk leaders
24:32His name is Shahin Bey
24:33He says that the man
24:34Sweet Soul
24:35The castle walls have you.
24:36He is trying
24:37He escapes over its walls
24:38And the soldiers are workers
24:39They expelled him with rifle fire.
24:41No one will get out alive from Hanem
24:42There is no mercy
24:43Dear topic
24:43It was horrible
24:44To the point that Amina Hanem
24:45Muhammad Ali's wife
24:46I tried to protect some of the kings
24:48The one who was in the back rows
24:49They managed to escape through the passage.
24:50And they connect the origin of the harem
24:52Inside the castle
24:52And they call upon her for help
24:53But
24:54The packaging was clear
24:55They kill them all
24:56Without any exceptions
24:57In the scene
24:57It was shocking to Muhammad Ali's wife
24:59same
24:59To the point that there are some brothers
25:01She says that Amina Hanem
25:02During 13 years
25:03Those who lived through it after the rosary
25:04I didn't leave Muhammad Ali
25:05He touches her
25:05Or even spoke
25:06He kept saying to me, "Oh Abu Hamid!"
25:07How could she not know?
25:08This is his wife
25:08Even if it was Muhammad Ali
25:09No man can hide anything from his wife.
25:11Shall we say to you, my dear
25:12This event took place
25:12With a highly secret plan
25:14Only four of Muhammad Ali's commanders
25:16They were the ones who knew about the matter.
25:17Do I want to tell you, my dear?
25:17Even the sons of Muhammad Ali
25:19The same
25:19Kensh knows
25:19For Ibrahim Pasha
25:20Don't forget
25:21Tson remembered until the very last moment
25:22Abu
25:23He is the one who might be vomiting inside
25:25That's why
25:25Lazoghli
25:26The one who was one of the four leaders
25:27Those who know
25:28He went specifically to check on him.
25:29And the excess of the adorned
25:30And it continued
25:31Some soldiers
25:31They used to behead famous Mamluk leaders.
25:33They went and handed it over to Muhammad Ali Buha al-Qalaa
25:35So they can eliminate her with shisha.
25:37When he finally fired, he stopped.
25:38And four hundred and seventy slaves
25:40Those who attended the party
25:41dead
25:41The Italian doctor entered and said to Muhammad Ali
25:43It's over.
25:44Today is a happy day for Your Highness
25:46At that moment, Muhammad Ali asked for water.
25:48And he drank a long sip
25:49And after he finished
25:50Sorry about anything at all
25:51Did he remain silent because he was shocked by the sight of the blood?
25:53And he didn't keep quiet because he knew
25:54The matter is not yet finished.
25:56And that was just the beginning
25:57You might think that's the end of the castle's rosary.
25:59The Mamluks were completely eliminated.
26:01But no
26:02Ahmed Ali was a skilled craftsman.
26:03He must eliminate thousands of Mamluks.
26:06To completely eliminate their presence from the country
26:07The existing one continued in Egypt
26:09It controlled it for more than 550 years.
26:11The Arnoctus soldiers descended into the streets of Cairo
26:13They open the houses and search for the Mamluks
26:15The Mamluks, by virtue of their long tenure
26:17Nabqoush khalas
26:18Mamluks of the Bahri sect residing in the citadel
26:19countries that were already
26:20Mix with Egyptians
26:21And they're living at their level
26:22And among them, among the Egyptians
26:23Relationships, lineage, and marriage
26:25Egyptian homes were opened, one by one.
26:27And what was discovered to be owned
26:28Or even to suspect him
26:30It might be owned
26:31He immediately seized the fortress.
26:33And there they cut off his head without mercy
26:35To the point that the castle was filled with spies
26:37The chases in the heart of Cairo continued for three days.
26:40The soldiers, the Arnakut heart, are searching street by street, alley by alley.
26:43They search for the Mamluks in every house
26:45So that he may follow it
26:46The Mamluks are trying to disguise themselves to escape her curses.
26:48Some of them disguised themselves as peasant women.
26:50They come from the countryside to Cairo
26:51Just because he's escaping from Cairo
26:53But the issue with Muhammad Ali doesn't stop at the events in Cairo.
26:55He sends messages to the governorates, directorates, and regions.
26:58They kill any Mamluks
27:00And they sold us their heads
27:01To make sure that you are actually carrying out our orders
27:03And indeed, a large number of Mamluks in Said and the Delta were killed.
27:06And every day a sack full of Mamluk heads arrived.
27:09Coming from all over Egypt
27:11And it gathers and fills
27:12In front of the castle's music gate
27:13Or Bab Zuweila in the heart of Cairo
27:15Is that all for Muhammad Ali?
27:16Is he silent?
27:17No, this will wipe them out, down to the very last one.
27:20Ibn Ibrahim is ordered to lead a massive military campaign.
27:24To hunt down the remnants of the Mamluks
27:25From city to city
27:26From village to village in Al-Saeed
27:28Thousands more are killed
27:29A campaign that lasts for two full years
27:32This explains it to us
27:32Why Muhammad Ali?
27:33Tawassam Pasha chose
27:34He is the one who leads the Hijaz campaign
27:36Not Ibrahim
27:36Ma'an Ibrahim Dal'ah Al-Yamin
27:38This was because he had left Ibrahim for the more important task in Egypt.
27:41Eliminating the Mamluks
27:42And I will ensure their presence in Egypt forever.
27:44The terrifying image of the rosary is completed in a mass burial.
27:48Mamluk spies in mass graves
27:49For example, in Madan al-Qalaa
27:50My dear
27:51If you are leaving the Sultan Hassan Mosque
27:53The castle and the gate of the music
27:54And he walked in the citadel's courtyard
27:55So you are probably at this moment
27:57The remnants of the Mamluks will be under your feet
28:00The bones of the victims of the castle rosary
28:03Years passed there
28:04Greetings, my dear
28:05Muhammad Ali possessed determination and willpower.
28:07To completely end this phase of Egypt's history
28:11And any trace of the Mamluks is erased from it.
28:13The truth is, he succeeded in this, and I suspect
28:15And a new phase begins in history
28:16Historians call it modern Egypt
28:18My dear
28:19Modern Egypt, according to some historians
28:21It is the period after the end of the Mamluks.
28:23His long reign over Egypt
28:31And the defeats of al-Ghuri
28:32Tuman Bay
28:33And Ali Bey the Great
28:34The big one
28:34Murad Bey's betrayal
28:36Al-Alfi
28:36Abu al-Dahab
28:37The period that began with blood
28:38Turan Shah
28:39Faris al-Din Aqtai
28:40And Izz al-Din Qaybak
28:41Shajarat al-Durr and Qutuz
28:42It ended with a reaction of blood
28:44Its name is the Castle Rosary
28:45And the Mamluk rosary
28:45tall stallion
28:46Destiny for contemplation and reflection
28:48We tried, my dear, in this episode
28:50If we bring the things
28:51What we believe is the most accurate
28:54This of course does not mean that there are no other narratives.
28:56And none of the things we said could be true.
28:58But in this episode
28:59We relied on some sources
29:00Please take a look at it
29:01It is very likely that there will be differences between the sources and each other.
29:04We hope we have succeeded
29:06In choosing sources closest to the truth
29:08It might not happen again.
29:10And it's good
29:10Please tell us in the comments
29:12And it's possible
29:12It's good
29:13We also mentioned it in the comments.
29:14That's all, my dear
29:15We hope we have done our part.
29:17We hope that you, Kamel, are doing your part.
29:18By watching the previous episodes
29:20Watch the upcoming episodes
29:21Download the source code
29:22Even if we're on YouTube
29:23Subscribe to the channel
29:24That's all, my dear
29:25I hope we made this trip enjoyable.
29:27Because it was an apartment trip and complicated
29:29That's all
29:29And indeed
29:30Show some effort by searching for a more relevant topic.
29:32Because it's much more exciting
29:34From what we have told
29:35Make sure of this
29:35That's all, my dear
29:36Good-bye
29:38No, this isn't the visitor's issue.
29:40This is the Beek
29:41Talef Rakhi
30:10Translated by Nancy Qanqar
30:10No translation by Nancy Qanqar