00:00So what's been discovered is this patch of blood on a sofa where Hitler shot himself in April 1945.
00:09And at that time, an American colonel sees the blood on the sofa and he snips a bit of the fabric off
00:17and he takes it back home to the United States.
00:21And there it just sits, you know, in his bedside drawer, wherever it is, for 80 years.
00:26Until someone thinks, hang on a minute, that's got Hitler's DNA on it.
00:31We could actually sequence his entire genome and see what medical conditions he may have been suffering from.
00:39So this is kind of deeply fascinating and it gives a really, really excellent insight into the kind of physicality of Adolf Hitler.
00:47One of the things that's been revealed in Hitler's DNA is the fact that he had Kalman syndrome.
00:53Now that is a very rare thing and thankfully it is a very rare thing because what it does is it stops puberty.
01:02So therefore it stops your sexual organs growing in a normal way.
01:07So what does that mean?
01:09That means two things.
01:10It can first mean in a boy that your testicles will undescend.
01:16But that can be cured quite easily.
01:19But worse still, it's likely if Hitler did have Kalman syndrome, he had a micropenis.
01:27We definitely know that Hitler had an undescended right testicle because there's a medical report from 1923 that shows he only had one ball.
01:39You're not going to be able to form fully sexual relationships with women.
01:45You're going to be very, very unconfident.
01:47You're going to be very bitter, I suspect.
01:49The massive significance of this study is, first of all, revealing that he has Kalman syndrome,
01:54but he's in all likely good going to have had a very small penis.
01:58He's only probably going to have one testicle that's descended.
02:01We know that anyway.
02:03And so the significance is, obviously, his sexual, emotional makeup will be absolutely destroyed by this.
02:11And in doing so, I think that that draws him into politics even more.
02:16And therefore, as a result of Hitler's politics, the Second World War happens.
02:19He also has markers for things like autism, schizophrenia, ADHD, and so on.
02:26Now, you and I can have markers for any numbers of diseases and yet not develop them.
02:33So we've got to be very careful because what DNA does not mean is diagnosis.
02:38Just because you've got that gene doesn't mean you've got that disease.
02:42What do we know of Hitler?
02:44You know, is Hitler got some severe personality disorders?
02:48Does he have ADHD?
02:49Does he have autism?
02:51You know, does he have schizophrenia?
02:53Quite possibly.
02:54I'm not a psychologist.
02:57But it's clear that Hitler's, you know, personality and behaviour and character
03:01certainly showed signs of some of those things.
03:05And that, presumably, was written in his genes a bit.
03:09We've also got to be very careful that we don't stigmatise people who do have those conditions
03:14because even if you are autistic or got ADHD, that doesn't make you more likely to invade Poland than anybody else.
03:23Just because you've got one of these conditions, it simply doesn't mean you're going to kill six million Jews.
03:28There are very complicated reasons as to why that takes place.
03:32And you can't just look in someone's DNA and go, you're a mass murderer.
03:37I think this discovery is absolutely fascinating.
03:40There's no doubt about it.
03:41You know, for any historian of the Nazi period, they're going to be watching this show with fascination.
03:47Does it alter our understanding of Hitler in a fundamental way?
03:53No, it doesn't.
03:54But what it does do, the DNA adds a lot of flesh to what we already know about Hitler.
04:00And his DNA, the story of his DNA makes a lot of sense with the story of Hitler that we know very well.
04:07So what it does is that it shows some of the answers may lie in his genes as to his behaviour.
04:14But just because something lies in your genes, it doesn't mean that's a defence for your behaviour.
04:19Like at Nuremberg, the trial after the war, you know, a lot of the Nazis said, I was only following orders.
04:25That's called the Nuremberg defence.
04:26Plenty of people have all sorts of, you know, genes and faults in their genes and potential conditions,
04:33and they don't go around committing mass murder.
04:37And that's why it's been a lot of people who have a lot of people who have a lot of people who have a lot of people who have a lot of people who have a lot of people who have a lot of people who have a lot of people who have a lot of people who have a lot of people who have a lot of people who have a lot of people who have a lot of people who have a lot of people who have a lot of people who have a lot of people who have a lot of people who have a lot of people who have a lot of people who have a lot of people who have a lot of people who have a lot of people who have a lot of people who have a lot of people who have a lot of people who have a lot of people who have a lot of people who have a lot of people who have a lot of people who have a lot of people who have a lot of people who have a lot of people who have a lot of people who have a lot of people who have a lot of people who have a lot of people
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