- vor 8 Stunden
IWF-Chef fordert Ernennung eines Binnenmarktbeauftragten zur Umsetzung des Draghi-Berichts
Die geschäftsführende Direktorin des IWF, Kristalina Georgieva, fordert eine einzige maßgebliche Stimme für die Umsetzung des Draghi-Berichts, da Europa sonst in diesem „existentiellen Moment” wertvolle Zeit verlieren könnte.
LESEN SIE MEHR : http://de.euronews.com/2025/11/14/iwf-chef-fordert-ernennung-eines-binnenmarktbeauftragten-zur-umsetzung-des-draghi-berichts
Abonnieren Sie! Euronews gibt es in 12 Sprachen.
Die geschäftsführende Direktorin des IWF, Kristalina Georgieva, fordert eine einzige maßgebliche Stimme für die Umsetzung des Draghi-Berichts, da Europa sonst in diesem „existentiellen Moment” wertvolle Zeit verlieren könnte.
LESEN SIE MEHR : http://de.euronews.com/2025/11/14/iwf-chef-fordert-ernennung-eines-binnenmarktbeauftragten-zur-umsetzung-des-draghi-berichts
Abonnieren Sie! Euronews gibt es in 12 Sprachen.
Kategorie
🗞
NewsTranskript
00:00Welcome to the Europe Conversation.
00:10My guest today is Kristalina Georgieva, Managing Director of the IMF.
00:14Madame Georgieva, thank you very much for joining us exclusively on Euronews
00:18from a very special location because today we are in Bulgaria, your home country.
00:23So it makes it special in a way.
00:25Very special. Thank you for having me from here.
00:27I wanted to start with the man some say is now the voice of reason in Europe,
00:33and that could be Mario Draghi.
00:35He said this is now an existential moment for this continent.
00:38When you look at Europe, and now we are in Europe, is that something that you go,
00:42he's right, it's existential.
00:43He's right. In a rapidly changing world, moving slowly means falling behind.
00:51And Europe has been moving slowly on completing the single market.
00:57When we look at the European project, it is fantastic.
01:03The best invention of the 20th century was the convergence engine of Europe.
01:09But we are now seeing this engine slowing down.
01:15When we read the Draghi report, it is very clear what needs to be done.
01:21At the fund, we actually look at the priorities, and we came up with four points for Europe
01:27to regain competitiveness.
01:31And they are, one, create the 28 regime for firms.
01:35Why? Because companies should be able to register in multiple countries under the same rules.
01:42Two, complete the banking union, the capital markets union.
01:47Why? Because if we don't, our savings, European savings, will be working somewhere else.
01:53Over 300 billion euros are working not in Europe.
01:58Three, get the labor qualifications to move with people.
02:05Now, labor can move, but qualifications have to be regained time and again.
02:13And that is, of course, a problem for using our labor effectively.
02:19And four, integrate the energy system of Europe.
02:22So, of course, Mario Draghi gave a very comprehensive set of recommendations.
02:29We heard then many lofty words.
02:33Oh, so important. Oh, we have to do it.
02:36But we are more on the talking about doing and less on doing itself.
02:41So, speed up Europe.
02:42And, of course, that's a great point because it's been a year now.
02:45And the premise of this report was either radical change in Europe or a form of slow agony.
02:51Which one is it going to be?
02:53I am an optimist about Europe because I have seen Europe time and again when it is really tough making the right choice.
03:03Very often it takes some time, but then the moment comes, like during Eurozone crisis, when decisive action saved Europe.
03:15And actually the very same Mario Draghi at that time said, whatever it takes.
03:20And we are in a similar moment now.
03:22Why?
03:22Because when we look at the productivity of the United States and productivity in Europe, Europe lags behind.
03:31When we look at growth in Europe, 1.2%.
03:35So, we have all this wealth and this is all we can produce, 1.2% growth.
03:41When we look at the dynamic firms in the United States, there are firms that grow very rapidly.
03:49In Europe, in Europe, we do not have that phenomenon of rapidly growing high-tech firms.
03:56Can Europe catch up?
03:59Of course.
04:00But for that, we need to make the single market our number one priority.
04:06And actually, I have been recommending to have a single market czar, somebody who is given the authority on all the aspects of the single market to call the shots.
04:20And that's a great point because the problem is at this point is that the European leadership is just too weak.
04:27Who can be the whatever-it-takes person?
04:29Who's the man, the woman?
04:30You know, I think that-
04:31Is there anyone?
04:33So, let me say that.
04:34I have seen very strong leaders on the economic front in Europe.
04:40And I think if Europe is willing to delegate authority, Europe will have enough skills and capabilities to do it.
04:51I just want to remind you, when the UK decided to leave the European Union,
04:57at that time, what did Europe do?
05:00Well, delegated authority to negotiate on behalf of all 27 countries to Michel Barnier, to one person.
05:08And this one person had access to heads of states, had access to the resources of the Commission,
05:15led the negotiations, and the benefits were shared by all member states.
05:19So, I'm confident that if there is a will, there would be a way.
05:26Right now, when you look at all these things I'm talking about, they are in the hands of different council formations.
05:34Too many cooks.
05:34And different commissioners running.
05:36I used to be a commissioner.
05:38I know that unless you're given full authority, it's very hard to break through.
05:43So, Europe has to say, we want the best for our future.
05:52And you cannot get it without completing the single market.
05:56Just not possible.
05:58And this is a fascinating idea, what you've mentioned.
06:00So, are you suggesting, just so that I can understand correctly what you're saying,
06:03does it mean that in order to implement this report,
06:05you need a single person with the gravitas and the authority to carry it out throughout and have the responsibility?
06:10And I'm sure you have thoughts of who you would like that person to be.
06:14I would let this to the European leadership to decide.
06:19I think the issue is agreeing that there has to be delegation of authority.
06:26And this delegation of authority has to be across the main areas of completing the single market.
06:32Right now, different...
06:35It's too complex.
06:35It's too complex and it's just not moving fast enough.
06:39I know it is moving.
06:41I want to say to the Europeans who are working on it,
06:44bravo, keep doing it, not moving fast enough.
06:49One of the big stories this year is, well, the tariffs regime.
06:52And when it comes to Europe, they triple tariffs on the European units, a 15% rate.
06:57When you look at that, have you assessed the impact?
07:00And some say that could signal the start of the century of humiliation for Europe.
07:05Is that too much?
07:06Are we reading too much into that 15%?
07:08I think Europe is going to cut through that.
07:11So let's see what happened.
07:13There was an announcement of tariffs.
07:17Trade uncertainty shot through the roof.
07:20And there was panic that the world is going to slip into recession.
07:23By the way, the IMF did not subscribe to the recession option.
07:30In reality, one, the world has proven to be more resilient.
07:36And you look at Europe, what are the sources of this resilience?
07:41Strong institutions, good policies, responsible governance, and private sector that adapts to changes faster than the public sector does.
07:52But also, when the tariffs hit, what was announced in April, 23% tariffs across the globe, on average.
08:05And what we have today, it is around 70%.
08:10When you check how much is actually collected, with all the exceptions and this and that, between 9% and 10%.
08:17In other words, the hit is not as strong.
08:21Most importantly, and I love Europe for that, majority of countries decided not to retaliate.
08:30No tit for tat.
08:32I know that some of the European people are saying, oh, we should have gone.
08:35Europe was weak.
08:36It was weak.
08:37But what happens if you hit back and then everybody starts hitting?
08:43We get on this down spiral.
08:45In fact, today, because of that behavior saying, look, you, the United States, you decided to go this way.
08:54We don't subscribe.
08:55You present, say, 14% of trade.
09:02The rest, 86%, 87%.
09:05We choose to trade by the rules we have established.
09:11And that is what saved the world economy.
09:13The fact that there is no slippage into everybody hitting everybody else.
09:21It's not over.
09:23In other words, that may change.
09:25And I would really urge countries, please, don't go for a trade war.
09:32Don't do it.
09:33So you say Europe made the responsible choice by taking on this 15%, which may be less effectively and when it's implemented.
09:40But some believe the damage and the cost was political.
09:43And that's why the EU should have retaliated.
09:45It should have showed strength.
09:47It's the biggest trading block in the world.
09:49Europe can show strength by working actively with those who want to trade on the basis of rules.
09:58And I would encourage Europe to show leadership in that regard.
10:03Because when you look at the world today, multipolar, you see regions that are now building stronger intra-region trade like ASEAN or the Gulf countries.
10:17Europe has already started reaching out more actively to build agreements with different, let's call them new blocs.
10:27And that is where Europe should bring its soft power in action.
10:34Move the world away from a trade war.
10:38So you would like to see the Mercosur approved?
10:40Would you like to see a European WTO?
10:42That idea was floated.
10:43Totally.
10:43I want to see the Europeans saying, well, trade war, thank you, but no, thank you.
10:50We are going to work with the rest of the world.
10:53Now, I'm actually optimist about where we are going to land.
10:58Because if you look at the history of humanity, it's a history of trade.
11:02Trade is like water.
11:04You put an obstacle, it goes around it.
11:06But it can go around it with more efficiency or less efficiency.
11:14Europe has to make the new world the multipolar world of multiple interests to work more efficiently.
11:22And actually, there is an appetite around the world.
11:26I hear it from our members for Europe to take this leadership role.
11:30Can that happen?
11:31And of course, we're in Bulgaria today.
11:32Ukraine is very close.
11:36And you can really see it also in the side, guys.
11:38Can you do all of that while also there's a war going on in the continent?
11:40And I wonder, just from your experience, of course, you were, if I remember correctly,
11:45if I've done the maths correctly, you were just 35 when the Iron Curtain fell.
11:49At that time, it seemed this is a new world of possibilities.
11:51And now there's a war in continental Europe.
11:53Do you sometimes go, how did we end up here?
11:55I'll tell you, I never thought I would see a military power in Europe invading another country.
12:03But it happened.
12:04What we see in the world today is more unpredictability, the unthinkable taking place.
12:13And we have to recognize this is the world we live in and we will be living in.
12:18What does it mean?
12:19It means two things.
12:20Actually, it demands more cooperation, not less.
12:25When you have uncertainty, to see a path, you have to work more with others, with like-minded.
12:34And second, it means more agility and adaptability.
12:39For Europe, this means also looking at the decision-making process in Europe.
12:43Is it good?
12:45Is it adaptable enough for a fast-changing world?
12:48And going back to my experience after the end of the Cold War, there was a period of euphoria when we embraced freedom and it was fantastic.
13:01And then hard reality hit.
13:04It is difficult to transform an economy.
13:07Now we have a world that is being hit by multiple forces of transformation.
13:13Geopolitical, trade, technology, demography, climate.
13:20Just imagine how much more difficult it is to adapt and transform in this world.
13:26And actually, I believe that new member states, they should raise their voice even more on the importance of agility and adaptability in a transforming world.
13:40Because they know, they know from experience what it is.
13:44And you mentioned all of the issues, which are many.
13:46Obviously, now there's a war.
13:47There's a question of demographics.
13:49There's a question of climate.
13:50Now there's a question of rearming.
13:51Obviously, everyone has agreed to pay this 5% to NATO.
13:54But what I don't see, I see the many challenges, but I don't see the fiscal space.
13:58And I don't see political consensus around the budget.
14:01How do you go around this?
14:02How do you, what do you do when you don't have fiscal space?
14:06You create it.
14:07How do you create it?
14:08One, make Europe more competitive, make it more productive, raise the growth level to a point when we actually can create more space.
14:19Two, reform.
14:21I mean, how is it that reforms we all know have to take place, like pension reform, are so tough to do?
14:31I think we have to...
14:32The French has put it on hold.
14:33There's a lot of fatigue.
14:34We have to engage people and just be honest with people, saying, look, you, and more importantly, your children, your grandchildren.
14:44If you want them to live with a standard of living that is at par with your aspirations, Europe has to be more productive.
14:55Europeans who live longer have to work longer.
14:58When I was, you talk about the pre-Cold War, end of Cold War time, I was a professor in Bulgaria in these days.
15:08I was confident that I will retire as a professor at 55.
15:15Look at me now.
15:16I'm not going to disclose.
15:18Well, it's easy to find, but I sure am not 55, and I'm still working, and I'm happy to be productive.
15:25So, we have to get these taboos in Europe around topics that are actually impediments to building the fiscal space you're talking about.
15:35And you mentioned the taboos in Europe.
15:37One of them obviously has to do with debt.
15:39There's a big debate.
15:39There's good debt.
15:40There's bad debt.
15:41I worry, or I wonder if you worry about the trajectory that we see of debt to GDP in Europe, or do you go join debt in some areas can actually be good?
15:50So, two things.
15:50One, the trajectory in different countries is different.
15:54We are here in Bulgaria, debt to GDP is 24%.
15:59But even here, we are concerned that there may be a bit too much appetite to borrow.
16:05So, countries where debt is very high, they really have to have medium-term strategy to bring it down.
16:11Because otherwise, it is suffocating the ability to invest in education, in artificial intelligence, in productive directions.
16:20Two, I very strongly believe that Europe should use its capacity to borrow together and deploy the resources together.
16:29You're in favor of joint debt for critical areas.
16:31If you want to invest in the most effective manner, you have to pull resources and deploy resources in that manner.
16:41I know this is such a hard topic, but high Europe…
16:46You say, Mario Draghi says it, many have said it, why is it not moving?
16:50You're a commissioner, you know the machine.
16:52What's the issue?
16:53Well, the issue is that, of course, we have 27 countries, different priorities, different decision-making processes, and it is a richness to have that diversity, but our decision-making processes are not quite fit for the speed of change of today's world.
17:18And what does your political instinct say? Is this going to happen ultimately? It happened in the pandemic.
17:23I believe that we will wrestle and then we will come on the right side of history, as we have done many times.
17:31I'm a big believer in Europe. I think the European project is an excitement, and I think we have to bring that excitement back.
17:41And then, be honest with European people. You want to live well? Guess what? We have to work together, we have to deploy our resources more effectively together, and we have to be more productive.
17:57There is just no way around it. We cannot continue to spend money we don't have.
18:03And I have a final question. Of course, I have to ask this question, because today we are recording this in Bulgaria.
18:10Obviously, you felt very strong, and this is something that you dedicated a lot of amount of personal energy, but also time to getting this country into the euro.
18:18It's happened now this year, but I have to be honest, I've detected a form of anxiety, even from the airport to the studio, about the euro, about prices, about inflation, about what is this going to do to our country?
18:31Is it really going to make it better? What do you say to this? Because you can really feel this sense of anxiety about the changes in the pricing.
18:37What I can say to my beloved fellow Bulgarians is, we have been in the eurozone now for many years, because Bulgaria has a currency board.
18:52We have submitted our sovereignty on monetary policy, first to the Bundesbank and then to the European Central Bank.
19:01We were in, but with no right to vote. Now we are in, and we have the right to vote and to benefit from the cushion that the eurozone provides to us.
19:15But the euro is a prerequisite for a more dynamic economy, not a guarantee for increased standard of living.
19:27We have to continue on the path to reforms, to be strong economically on the basis of good fiscal policy, good debt management policy, and above all, focus on productivity of our people.
19:48Well, Madame Georgieva, thank you very much, and thank you for joining us on the Europe Conversation here on Euronews. Always good to see you.
19:54Thank you.
19:57Euronews
Empfohlen
11:38
|
Als nächstes auf Sendung
0:22
1:09
1:05
2:12
1:07
Schreibe den ersten Kommentar