Sudan’s civil war has entered one of its darkest phases. After an 18-month siege, the Rapid Support Forces (RSF) have taken control of El Fasher in North Darfur, with credible reports of mass killings, ethnic targeting, and widespread abuses against civilians. Over 150,000 people have been killed since the conflict began in April 2023, and 12 million have been displaced, creating what the UN calls the world’s worst humanitarian crisis.
Despite catastrophic conditions and famine spreading across Darfur, the RSF has agreed to a U.S.-proposed three-month humanitarian truce—yet the Sudanese Armed Forces (SAF) remain hesitant. As international concern intensifies, the world watches to see whether Sudan will step back from total collapse or plunge even deeper into chaos.
00:00Now there is only smoke on the streets of Sudan and fear on the faces of the remaining
00:05people.
00:06A city named Al-Fashir, from where people are fleeing with only two things, hunger and
00:11hope.
00:12Emerging from bullets and hunger, what kind of world have they reached now?
00:15This report will tell where those millions of people from Sudan have gone, whose homes
00:19are now just ashes.
00:20Hello, I am Asif Iqbal and you are watching One India.
00:35The number of people fleeing in search of safety from the city of Al-Fashir in North Darfur,
00:40Western Sudan and its surrounding areas is continuously increasing.
00:45According to the International Organization for Migration, or IOM, on October 26, when
00:50the Paramilitary Rapid Support Forces, or RSF, took control of the city, ending an 18-month
00:56long siege and driving out the Sudanese army, more than 81,817 people have been displaced,
01:03most of whom fled on foot.
01:08It is feared that thousands of people have been killed inside the city since the RSF took
01:13control of the city.
01:14The United Nations and several international relief agencies have confirmed the statements
01:19of the survivors, according to which RSF fighters have committed mass killings, torture, rape
01:25and sexual violence, and have taken people hostage for ransom.
01:29In the meantime, the situation is spreading rapidly and cases of several deadly diseases,
01:34including cholera, are continuously increasing.
01:36According to the United Nations, Sudan is currently facing one of the world's largest humanitarian
01:42displacement crises with over 9.5 million people displaced within the country.
01:47These people are spread across 10,929 locations in 185 districts, covering all 18 states of Sudan.
01:54The most displaced people are in South Dafur with 1,840,000, in North Dafur with 1,750,000, and in Central Dafur with 978,000.
02:0551% of the displaced are children, meaning under 18 years of age.
02:09The civil war in Sudan began on April 15, 2023, when conflict erupted between the Sudanese army and the RSF.
02:16Both sides have been accused of committing war crimes and crimes against humanity.
02:20The RSF is specifically accused of atrocities committed in Darfur, which the United Nations has described as potential genocide.
02:27Even before the current war began, the International Organization for Migration estimated that there were already 2,300,000 displaced people in Sudan,
02:36most of whom were from the Darfur region, due to ongoing conflict and climate change related disasters.
02:41Approximately 4,300,000 people have become refugees in neighboring countries.
02:47In this way, more than 14 million people in Sudan are homeless or displaced, which is a quarter of the country's total population of 51 million.
02:54Now we will tell you where the people leaving Sudan are going or in which country they are taking refuge.
03:00In this list, 1,500,000 have reached Egypt, 1,250,000 have reached South Sudan, and 1,200,000 have reached Chad as refugees.
03:09Approximately 70% of them are Sudanese citizens, while 30% are refugees from other countries.
03:16Now the people fleeing Sudan are granted asylum in neighboring countries under certain international and humanitarian processes.
03:23When people flee violence or war, they first cross the border on foot or by trucks.
03:28For example, reception centers or temporary camps have been set up at the borders of Chad, Egypt, South Sudan, or Ethiopia.
03:36These camps are operated jointly by the UNHCR, that is the United Nations High Commissioner for Refugees and local governments.
03:46Once people reach within the safe border, the United Nations High Commissioner for Refugees and local administration conduct their biometric registration.
03:54This includes information like name, age, family members, and the area they came from.
03:59After this, they are given a refugee ID or a temporary identification card.
04:04Most people are being sent to refugee camps or settlement areas.
04:07For example, in the eastern regions of Chad, Adre, and Beshe, in South Sudan, Renk, and Maban, and near Aswan and Cairo in Egypt, UN camps have been set up.
04:16In these places, they are provided with relief materials such as food, water, medicines, temporary tents or hut-like housing facilities, and medical assistance.
04:24Under international law of the UNHCR, no refugee can be forcibly sent back to a war zone.
04:30This is called the non-reformant principle.
04:32This provides them with both legal protection and human rights.
04:38However, resources are limited here, so the problems of overcrowding, hunger, and diseases remain very serious.
04:45Sudan is no longer just a country, but has become the name of a silent tragedy.
04:50Millions of people are wandering across borders, having lost their homes, land, and relationships.
04:55The international community talks about help, but relief is still far away amidst hunger and bullets.
05:01And the question remains, how long will an entire country remain homeless from its identity like this?
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