- 4 months ago
Category
📺
TVTranscript
00:00This is Tibet China, the roof of the world.
00:07Its cultural heritage is well protected.
00:11Freedom of religion is fully guaranteed.
00:16Yes, indeed!
00:46...
00:49...
00:59...
01:00...
01:01...
01:05...
01:06It's a momentous struggle between a communist party and Tibetan civilization.
01:36It's a mystery, the story of that.
02:05A disappearance, not only of an individual, but of a culture.
02:17Tibet is almost forgotten.
02:20It's almost impossible to get information out.
02:35It's impossible to get information out of the world.
02:47It's impossible to get information out of the world.
02:51It's impossible to get information out of the world.
03:07Aja Rinpoche is a senior Buddhist monk from Tibet.
03:28Living under Chinese rule, he was made to serve the Communist Party until he fled.
03:37He had a couple of years of science in the Middle East.
03:46Chapter 10
04:02Tibetan Buddhists have two leaders, regarded as the nation's kings.
04:09The Dalai Lama is the most famous.
04:13Less well-known is his counterpart, the Panchen Lama.
04:17Tibetans believe they are reborn or reincarnated after they die.
04:23They are the ones who killed椅子 in their lives.
04:38But in 1995, when he was just six years old, the Panshan Lama mysteriously disappeared.
05:08The missing boy is at the heart of Beijing's long battle to control.
05:38The Dalai Lama's succession and, with it, the fate of Tibet.
05:45It's been a long time for the first time.
05:52I had a long time for the first time.
06:01I don't know.
06:08I don't know.
06:10I'm a kid.
06:13I'm a kid.
06:15I'm a kid.
06:18So, I'm not a whole lot of people.
06:24I'm not a good person.
06:27I'm not a good person.
06:33Gya Lo is an academic who fled China in 2020.
06:53He now campaigns for the survival of Tibet's culture and language.
07:03It's not easy for us to live in the world.
07:11We have to live in the world.
07:21We have to live in the world of Tibet.
07:26The Dalai Lama was discovered by the Panchen Lama in 1937.
07:47He led Tibet from his residence, the Potala Palace in Lhasa.
07:56In 1950, the Chinese Communist Party invaded Tibet and took control.
08:17Within a decade, fearing for his life,
08:22the Dalai Lama escaped across the Himalayas to India,
08:24where he's lived ever since.
08:34Tibet is ruled as a so-called autonomous region,
08:38under the leadership of China's President Xi Jinping.
08:43China has almost 60 ethnic minorities, including Tibetans.
08:47But President Xi's mission is to forge a national identity,
08:53centred on the Han Chinese majority.
08:55It's a experiencia of China, and it's an unison and unison.
09:05All the people who have both a Колkokan country,
09:06are really the only country that is the Chinese's community.
09:09It is China.
09:12China is the ultimate cause of China.
09:14The Chinese's mission is to destroy China in the world.
09:17I have been up here in the world today,
09:18and I have been able to destroy China in the world.
09:21The Chineseなんです is to destroy China inside the wall.
09:23In the past decade, around 100 Tibetans are reported to have been detained for contacting
09:52the outside world with their views about China's rule.
10:07Those living in Tibet are under constant surveillance, with journalists unable to work freely.
10:22A journalist, we are calling Chang, has agreed to take the risk to go undercover.
10:44Some 7 million Tibetans live across the part of China that Chang is investigating, roughly
10:59a quarter of the country.
11:05It's made up of parts of what are now Chinese provinces, and the Tibet Autonomous Region.
11:20If caught filming secretly, Chang could be imprisoned or disappear without trace.
11:39He's on his way to Tibet's capital, Lhasa.
11:50There are police posts, equipped with high-tech surveillance, every 500 meters.
12:18Chang is filming people secretly, because those living in Tibet can't speak freely to the media.
12:43To their safety, their identities have been disguised.
12:48To even talk about the Dalai Lama here is risking trouble.
12:52Tibetans who worship the Dalai Lama risk imprisonment.
12:53Tibetans who worship the Dalai Lama risk imprisonment.
12:59The roots of this religious ban date back to the 1990s, and an event surrounding their other Buddhist king, the Panchen Lama.
13:06the Panchen Lama.
13:07the Panchen Lama.
13:13the Panchen Lama.
13:14the Panchen Lama.
13:20The roots of this religious ban date back to the 1990s, and an event surrounding their other Buddhist king, the Panchen Lama.
13:27the Panchen Lama.
13:28the Panchen Lama.
13:29the Panchen Lama.
13:34the Panchen Lama.
13:35the Panchen Lama.
13:36the Panchen Lama.
13:37the Panchen Lama.
13:38the Panchen Lama.
13:39the Panchen Lama.
13:40the Panchen Lama.
13:41the Panchen Lama.
13:42Aja Rinpoche had high Buddhist positions, but also had to work with
14:12the Chinese government.
14:30This was the first time since China invaded Tibet that one of the two highest spiritual
14:35leaders had died.
14:41With the Dalai Lama in exile, the Chinese government created a search team, including religious
14:47leaders, to select a new Panchen Lama.
14:53Their search would take half a decade.
14:56The Chinese government created such a new identity.
15:02As the Chinese government created these two worlds, I had a third-party message, and I had a third-party message.
15:15and also put it in the mouth and put it in the mouth.
15:30In 1994, a few documents are reaching us in London.
15:36This was almost the last moment
15:38when we did receive documents from Tibet.
15:41It became too dangerous later.
15:45In the 1990s, Robert Barnett
15:49was running a news and research organisation about Tibet.
15:54When a Chinese government document was leaked to him,
15:57it revealed Beijing's real plans for Tibet's Buddhist leaders.
16:03Among those documents was a little booklet
16:06and it was called A Golden Bridge Leading Into A New Era.
16:11We gradually realised this is extraordinary.
16:14This is exceptional.
16:16This was directly saying what policies were going to be
16:20and they were new policies.
16:22This paragraph says,
16:26The focal point in our region's fight to oppose separatism
16:30is to oppose the Dalai Klik.
16:32As the saying goes,
16:34To kill a serpent, we must first chop off its head.
16:40If we don't do that, we cannot succeed in the struggle against separatism.
16:46So this is basically saying we can only destroy that movement by eliminating the Dalai Lama's strength,
16:55by destroying him as a political force.
16:58And their method of destroying him was the demonisation of the Dalai Lama.
17:10Suddenly, people who respected the Dalai Lama are deemed to be enemies.
17:14So that's what we see in the succession debate.
17:26The most significant turning points are this 1994 decision
17:30and the 1995 decision over the Panshan Lama.
17:38Though China's attitude towards the Dalai Lama was hardening,
17:42the search committee secretly sent him notes about the candidates for the next Panshan Lama.
17:48One boy stood out to the Dalai Lama.
17:50One boy stood out to the Dalai Lama.
17:52One boy stood out to the Dalai Lama.
17:54And they returned back to the Dalai Lama.
17:55And I was kidnapped along through him.
17:56We learned, you know, Cherubhya there,
17:57I am a rich man of Shunga is all possible.
18:00This is 2ds to draw from a Mexican,
18:01but those businesses have taken a swo automaton之後 as минутAs was announced.
18:02Another job was to be in the 600s out of Prophet Dana.
18:03Another person in the Jordanese whoiter thought about theוטxs in the dwelling of the 2010sů
18:04and asked Shunga to the Dalai Lama.
18:10The otherängt, itもし our senior leaders,
18:11so they wanted to understand what you are,
18:13which worldview to policearam criticaliras.
18:15As an individual obeying,
18:16two Tomatoes for indo byальноествие,
18:18those resonations Likeösthenshiya,
18:20the Jewish ones were bombeding,
18:21They're going to choose you, Mata,
18:23Kha-Sung-Chem-Mang-Tahari.
18:35That young boy always was a kind of political prisoner.
18:40I think he may be the youngest political prisoner.
18:44I really was concerned about his safety.
18:48I was concerned about his family and his family.
18:54I was concerned about his family and his family.
19:01Aja Rinpoche says the Panchen Lama and his family
19:05were whisked away in a Communist Party plane.
19:12Never to be seen in public again,
19:15the fate of Tibet's 11th Panchen Lama
19:17would be the start of a decades-long mystery.
19:23If you do an online search for Gandanchoki Nima, the missing boy,
19:27it's almost impossible to find out anything about who he is.
19:33Kate Saunders is a leading Tibet specialist
19:37who's been researching China's policies towards its religious leaders.
19:41We've only been able to piece together a few things about his background.
19:51He was born in a nomadic village of Lari in Nagchu, which is in the Tibetan Autonomous region.
20:05This is a slightly grainy photograph of Gendanchoki Nima and his family.
20:19We think that his father is a doctor and his mother a nurse.
20:29We know that he has siblings, a brother and a sister.
20:33And he's wearing a traditional brown brocade with the orange signalling his status.
20:43Gandanchoki Nima was taken from his home together with his family.
20:48When China wants someone to disappear, that person can disappear like a stone.
20:56This really is a story of that disappearance not only of an individual but of a civilisation.
21:05If Gendanchoki Nima hadn't been abducted, he would have gone here, the Tashilampo Monastery in Tibet,
21:17to receive a lifetime of spiritual education.
21:20Chinese soldiers now surrounded it.
21:25We found one of the monks present at the time.
21:28Even now it's not safe for him to speak openly.
21:31The monastery's leadership had helped identify Gandanchoki Nima as the Panchen Lama.
21:49We tried to find those who'd met the boy.
21:52But they were all either imprisoned or had disappeared from public life.
21:56So they then started calling his father's father's daughter's father.
21:58And we wanted to find her friends.
22:01We also found his father's father.
22:03They still found his father's father.
22:05A father's father's father's father.
22:07They still found a father's father.
22:08So I grew up and he grew up with him.
22:10I spent a few months ago for his father's father.
22:12So I'm still a career after Massimo and a break of his father's father.
22:15And it's so difficult.
22:16And it's been a lot to get the time of our time.
22:19Such as he was a father's father,
22:20it's a great process and the time when I was in a place,
22:21and the time was in life.
22:22I was into those who composed and the time.
22:23Over 50 people were arrested for opposing China's interference over the Panshan Lama.
22:36It set the tone for Beijing's future rule.
22:41I don't think it's a very high level of control of the people in the U.S.
23:00There are many people in the U.S.
23:06They are very careful, very careful, very careful.
23:20Despite the risks, our journalist Chang
23:23is secretly filming a Chinese taxi driver.
23:36He says many Tibetans face severe travel restrictions.
23:57Few Tibetans are allowed to leave China.
24:00But some still risk their lives
24:05to escape across the Himalayas,
24:09just as the Dalai Lama did.
24:11.
24:16.
24:21It didn't work.
24:24We were fortunate enough to get married.
24:27We were lucky to get married.
24:30We were lucky enough.
24:33We didn't work.
24:36We were lucky enough to have this.
24:40We lived for a while.
24:43The Tibetan uprising of 2008 was the biggest protest against China's rule in two decades.
25:10It was called the Chinese.
25:38The Chinese government suppressed the protests with force.
25:47In the years since, some have taken extreme measures to protest.
26:08Since 2009, around 160 Tibetans are believed to have set themselves on fire as an act of resistance.
26:28Some, speaking as a Chinese, are believed to have set themselves on fire as an act of resistance.
26:35Some speaking out despite their horrific injuries.
26:40injuries.
27:10I don't know what the person is doing.
27:16I don't know what the other person is doing.
27:20They get to work on the home.
27:26I want to know what the other person is doing.
27:31I want to know what the other person is doing.
27:36Nam Chee was only 15 years old at the time.
28:06Nam Chee's protest defied China's plans to eradicate the Dalai Lama from Buddhism.
28:25These dated back decades to when the government removed the Panchen Lama and set out to select
28:31their own replacement.
28:47Even China's president was involved.
28:49Beijing was now taking control of the reincarnation process.
29:07Aja Rinpoche says he was made to take part in the crucial ceremony that would decide the
29:22new Panchen Lama.
29:24I'm there.
29:39Aja Rinpoche says he was made to take part in the new Panchen Lama.
29:54He says China forced the Selection Committee to choose by drawing lots from an ancient golden urn.
30:24You can't see it.
30:33You can see what's happening.
30:38You can see it.
30:45Thank you, Jansen Nobu, the son of two Communist Party members,
31:12was selected and enthroned as the 11th Panshan Lama,
31:17the figure who would in future choose the next Dalai Lama.
31:32It was a victory for China.
31:38And its rule over Tibet.
31:49Arja Rinpoche says he was asked by the Chinese government
31:52to tutor the new Panshan Lama they'd appointed,
31:57fearing the consequences of refusing.
32:02In 1998, he escaped.
32:05He was on Tuesday in December 27th.
32:12He was an honest bitch.
32:15Now, I'm not sure he's got this.
32:17I used to defend him when he was an official.
32:21And he was like,
32:22I had a great father.
32:25I'm so sorry.
32:26I'm so sorry.
32:26The fate of the disappeared Panchen Lama remains a mystery.
32:42We've tried over the years to track family members,
32:46but no one has been prepared to speak.
32:49The level of fear is overwhelming.
32:52We are in an era where there is one disappeared Panchen Lama
32:58and one official Panchen Lama,
33:02groomed as a patriotic figurehead
33:07to be the representative for the Chinese Communist Party.
33:13In the years since,
33:22the Chinese-appointed Panchen Lama, Jansen Nobu,
33:26has grown up under their control,
33:29publicly supporting their official line.
33:31Undercover inside Tibet,
33:48it's too risky for Chang to ask about the missing Panchen Lama,
33:52but the state-appointed one comes up.
33:55The new Panchen Lama is the real Panchen Lama.
34:19The image of the Dalai Lama was once commonplace in Tibet,
34:36but these have been replaced by portraits of Chinese leaders.
34:41It's certainly the case.
35:10It's now that they think that loyalty should be to the party,
35:15especially under Xi Jinping.
35:16They're gradually reducing the content of their religion,
35:21but not eliminating.
35:22This is what they call sinicization of religion,
35:25so that it becomes less Tibetan.
35:27Forging a common consciousness of a Chinese nation
35:39is the key formula for all Xi Jinping's policy
35:43towards the ethnic minorities in China.
35:59The battle is now over culture.
36:03They're all going to become more Chinese.
36:04Nam Chi is one of an estimated 5,600 Tibetans
36:23who've been detained or sentenced for their political views since 1990.
36:28In 2015, she took to the streets with a photograph of the Dalai Lama.
36:35Soon after, she was imprisoned.
36:37Nam Chi says she was forced to undergo political re-education,
36:56studying frequently with a Chinese government officer.
37:00She spent three years in prison
37:16and says she was released with strict conditions.
37:20In 2023, she fled Tibet,
37:47making the dangerous escape across the mountains.
37:49They came to the 북stown throne.
37:51They were all around the island of the Xanodōi Muhammad's.
38:00These soldiers became investig�ヶンド and the disadvantaged ones.
38:03I turned out the countryihat了
38:04and said their name wasorder here
38:05and they went there.
38:06I've waited till the snap of that
38:08they couldn't behave,
38:09but I really felt like
38:11to be the rich community
38:13when this is a woman.
38:15While this had laws being taken away,
38:18Like many Tibetans, Nam Chi is now separated from her family because of the advanced surveillance
38:39systems that enable the Chinese government to spy on everyone.
38:48Surveillance systems are fundamental to the way in which the Chinese Communist Party
38:54rules Tibet.
38:57Everyday life in Tibet is monitored in ways that no one outside of North Korea probably
39:03can really understand.
39:11Undercover inside Tibet, Chiang discovers that places of worship are now under heavy surveillance.
39:17He feels it's too risky to film while going into the monasteries.
39:37Once inside, he notices many surveillance cameras.
39:47The government has concentrated surveillance resources on having facial recognition cameras
39:52in monasteries like no other aspect of Tibetan life.
40:00There's obviously a focus on supervising and monitoring religious life.
40:06the desire to control, to instil a sense of fear.
40:17Very deliberately, society-wide.
40:26Chiang meets one Tibetan, a high-ranking Chinese government employee, who makes an admission
40:32about the strict controls imposed on religion.
40:39Chiang�를, who are more than the supposed
41:01It's a very important thing.
41:03I don't have time to deal with the people of the country.
41:08What does that mean?
41:10If you have a picture, you'll be able to see it.
41:17Everyday activities such as language preservation,
41:21passing on traditional Tibetan practices,
41:25these are being criminalized.
41:27Surveillance is at the heart of this process
41:30of subjugating the Tibetan people,
41:34of making them Chinese.
41:43China's tightening grip doesn't just affect religious life.
41:48As Chang later finds out from a Tibetan mother,
41:51it starts early with its children.
42:00They don't speak our language.
42:02They don't speak our language.
42:04At the elementary school, it starts early.
42:06For example, when they're eating,
42:09they say, what are they eating?
42:10They say, what are they eating?
42:11They say, what are they eating?
42:13They say, what are they eating?
42:14They pensar, what's their şeker?
42:31In one video uploaded on Chinese social media
42:34media as part of a school assignment, a young Tibetan girl has a message for other children.
43:04We should teach our父母普通話.
43:25Under President Xi Jinping, Tibetan children as young as four are placed into boarding schools,
43:31separated from their families and taught in Mandarin.
43:35A Tibetan academic, Gyar Loh, began researching what was happening in these schools.
43:48He documented his secret visits to the Tibetan community,
43:51and he documented his secret visits to the Tibetan community.
43:55A Tibetan academic, Gyar Loh, began researching what was happening in these schools.
44:03A Tibetan academic, Gyar Loh, began researching what was happening in these schools.
44:06He documented his secret visits to more than 50 boarding kindergartens.
44:20The Czech Republic taught this lesson a lot about their families.
44:23When we lived to the world and the great people,
44:25they were able to live in this society.
44:26When they lived to the world and their families,
44:29the people would not be the same.
44:32Anything else could be a better speech than these fathers,
44:34or if they were children,
44:37or if they could be a better speech than they would to live in the land.
44:40The people would become very well.
44:42They might be the same.
44:44A citizen would take part of their children as a mom.
44:48State media presents these schools as the best way for Tibetan children to thrive in
44:56modern China.
45:15People is known about what life is really like in boarding schools.
45:21But Gyar Lo has found rare footage showing how some Tibetan children are treated.
45:30The headmaster of a boarding school in eastern Tibet.
45:40And a teacher in another one.
45:48Human rights groups are concerned that abuses like these are widespread.
46:00It's estimated that up to one million Tibetan children are now taught in boarding schools.
46:17And endorsing them, President Xi Jinping visited one last year.
46:26It's a good idea.
46:32It's a good idea.
46:34to all the chief.
47:04The longer he's in Tibet, the more Chiang hears about the repression of its culture.
47:14This Han Chinese man describes what he sees as the government's long-term objectives.
47:34Soon after, Chiang leaves Tibet.
47:44I think the Chinese government has done a series of procedures in the West.
47:51They are very successful.
47:55They have seen a lot of security.
48:02If the Chinese government wants to follow or to check it out, it's very easy to know.
48:10So, actually, I have a lot of regret.
48:29Thirty years after the succession dispute, the Chinese appointed Panchen Lama continues to tour Tibet.
48:41The Dalai Lama's choice for the Panchen Lama, Gendon Chokinima, remains out of sight.
48:53Very little is known about the village where the boy was raised and last seen.
48:58He was taken from his hometown of Lari, deep inside Tibet.
49:03We managed to recruit another journalist prepared to make the trip, despite the risks.
49:16Visitors are checked on arrival and under constant surveillance.
49:19It's not safe to ask any questions about the missing Panchen Lama.
49:30She tries to find some evidence of his life here.
49:35But there is none.
49:37Just very heavy security.
49:39Only one image of the boy has surfaced since he was abducted from here 30 years ago.
49:58Kate Saunders received a copy.
50:01It's never been broadcast before.
50:04The Tibetan script at the top reads photograph of a family reunion.
50:11She believes it's a photograph of the missing Panchen Lama.
50:16The only image since he disappeared.
50:19It seems to show Gendon Chokinima.
50:24He's got a toy helicopter.
50:27He's sitting on his father's lap.
50:29He could be around 10, around 11.
50:32This looks as though it's in some sort of official compound.
50:39And it does show us that the family was still together at that point.
50:44I believe it's genuine, but we still haven't been able to fully confirm that.
50:53It shows how successfully China has been able to disappear.
50:58Not only the child, but also his entire family.
51:03In the years since the boy disappeared, the Chinese government has only responded with its official line.
51:15Chokinima is not an old man.
51:21It's just a normal Chinese citizen.
51:25He has taken care of the national education.
51:29He has taken care of the national education.
51:32He has been working on a college.
51:34He has been working on a college.
51:35Of course, thanksgiving to women and for many years-ago members!
51:37They have been signings.
51:39Dr. D
51:45Not really, but what!
51:48When you're here is for many years,
51:49Mr. Dukasah city,
51:51Mr. Dukasah city.
51:52I have been injured as a guard.
51:56And then the wife has taken care of the island of the peaceful storm of the planet.
52:01It's been suggested because of благодар Of the living with handmade laws.
52:03I was told to take a look at the same time.
52:09So I'm going to show you how to do it.
52:16I'll show you how to do it.
52:20I'm going to show you how to do it.
52:23I'm going to show you how to do it.
52:28It's the only way she developed it.
52:31It's the only way she had to write the dynamic.
52:38This is the only way she could read the language.
52:40The language that she had in the language of the language,
52:44was that it was actually the only word with the language of the language.
52:48Every word to Allah can do that,
52:52but it's not and it's not and it's not.
52:58Ghentan Chokinima is center stage in that fundamental struggle for survival,
53:08not only between Buddhism and China's sinicization campaign,
53:16but also between our values and the values that other authoritarian powers seek to impose upon us,
53:26which matters to the world in the 21st century.
53:34After decades of enforced rule,
53:37China has all but ensured it can now choose who succeeds Tibet's supreme leader.
53:46At stake for millions of Tibetans around the world,
53:50their connection to a unique culture and civilization.
53:56Like the boy still held prisoner and the Dalai Lama who chose him,
54:03Tibet, faces being slowly wiped away.
54:07The one who was is the one who was not the one who was still in the first world.
54:14Time to bring the city to the first place for the children.
54:19The one who lived in the first time,
54:26was the one who lived in the last generation.
54:30It does better work.
54:34It can help it work.
54:38To help it work.
54:43To help people carry their doors,
54:47feel that pressure centers all the time to protect them.
Comments