- 6 weeks ago
Disaster Transbian episode 90
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00:00That we shall be as a city upon a hill. The eyes of all people are upon us. Today, the eyes of all people are truly upon us.
00:14And our governments, in every branch, at every level, national, state and local, must be as a city upon a hill.
00:24Well, constructed and inhabited by men aware of their great trust and their great responsibilities.
00:35By the time Allende celebrated his first year in office, he had nationalized the American-owned telephone company ITT.
00:44A few weeks later, the government took over the copper companies as well.
00:49I knew that was coming. All you had to do was to read his campaign speeches.
00:52Nixon struck back, quietly moving to cut off loans to Chile.
00:58As credits dried up, Chilean industry began to suffer.
01:04U.S. businesses stopped supplying American parts for the machinery that drove the Chilean economy.
01:13There were strikes. Chilean housewives marched in protest of the Allende government.
01:18Pro and anti-Allende demonstrators fought in the streets of Santiago.
01:29The Carabineros, Chile's military police, moved to stop them.
01:33In November 1972, Fidel Castro was back in Chile.
01:39Castro addressed Allende supporters at a rally in the National Soccer Stadium.
01:44Who has learned more in this last year, he asked them, the fascists who oppose this government, or you?
01:52We have, the crowd responded.
01:55No, Castro warned.
01:57They have.
01:57Not far from the stadium, anti-Allende protesters had taken to the streets.
02:07In the stadium, Allende took the podium.
02:10The only way they will get me out of office before my term is up, he said, is to riddle my body with bullets.
02:20In September 1970, Salvador Allende became the first Marxist leader to come to power through free elections.
02:27In Cuba, Fidel Castro, in Cuba, Fidel Castro, tuvo que luchar con las armas en la mano, had to fight arms in hand, porque no había otra salida.
02:39Because there was no other way to do it.
02:43In Chile, hemos usado el camino legal.
02:46And in Chile, we have followed the legal channels.
02:51That's the difference.
02:54Allende won by a narrow margin, not uncommon in Chile.
02:59But even before his inauguration, Allende's right to rule was being challenged by powerful opponents.
03:07Now, we have one country in the Western Hemisphere, Cuba, that is exporting revolution.
03:14And we really want another one.
03:15Richard Nixon was engaged in a Cold War with the Soviet Union.
03:22Henry Kissinger, his Secretary of State, once said,
03:25I don't see why we need to stand by and watch a country go communist due to the irresponsibility of its own people.
03:32The last one will force you to stand by and watch a country.
03:39The last one will serve to be an officer for you.
03:41The last one will lead to you.
03:44The last opportunity to be able to direct you.
03:51Other men, this moment is bitter.
03:56Where the tradition...
03:57Viva China!
03:59Viva the people!
04:00Viva the workers!
04:02These were my last words.
04:05I have the certainty that the sacrifice
04:09Viva the workers!
04:39You can't miss a few years...
04:44Any year or ever, labor of persons
04:49A bit, andrian sisters
04:50What cameful, could you give access to?
04:51OViva China!
04:52Where the cons ㅋㅋㅋ
04:55OViva China!
04:56How could you do that?!
04:57That was good!
05:02I do.
05:03I do.
05:07In the last 5 years, in a morning as today,
05:32Chile will have to continue being what it has always been, a democratic, freedom-loving country, with freedom to worship, to think, to work.
05:58Not a normal democracy. It must be strong to repress anything which might try to destroy this idea of democracy.
06:14On September 13th, the Junta dissolved Congress, outlawed the parties that had been part of the Popular Unity Coalition, and all political activity was declared in recess.
06:26The military government took control of all media, including the radio broadcasting, that Allende attempted to use to give his final speech to the nation.
06:38It is not known how many Chileans actually heard the last words of Allende as he spoke them, but a transcript and audio of the speech survived the military government.
06:48Chilean scholar Lydia M. Baltra details how the military took control of the media platforms and turned them into their own propaganda machine.
07:00The only two newspapers that were allowed to continue publishing after the military takeover were El Macurrio and La Tierra de la Jorah, both of which were anti-Allende under his leadership.
07:13The dictatorship silencing of the leftist point of view extended past the media and into, quote,
07:22every discourse that expressed any resistance to the regime, unquote.
07:28Just so you know, we're ashamed the President of the United States is contested.
07:31An example of this is the torturing and death of the folk singer Victor Jara.
07:40The military government detained Jara in the days following the coup.
07:46He, along with many other leftists, were held in Estadio Nacional, or the National Stadium of Chile, in the capital of Santiago.
07:54Initially, the Junta tried to silence him by crushing his hands, but ultimately, he was murdered.
08:03The military government detained Jara in the days following the military period.
08:33in the earth, hace años que llevo en ella, ¿cómo no estará gota?
08:48Aprieto firme mi mano y hundo el arabo en la tierra,
08:59hace años que llevo en ella, ¿cómo no estará gota?
09:10Vuelan mariposas, cantan grillos, la piel se me pone negra
09:19y el sol brilla, brilla y brilla.
09:26El sudor me hace surcos, yo hago surcos a la tierra y pará.
09:37Vuelan mariposas, cantan grillos, la piel se me pone negra
09:46y el sol brilla, brilla y brilla.
09:52El sudor me hace surcos, yo hago surcos a la tierra sin parar.
10:17Afirmo bien la esperanza, cuando pienso en la otra estrella, nunca es tarde me dice ella, la paloma volará.
10:34Immediately after the coup, the military sought television host Don Francisco
10:39to give him report on the events.
10:42Don Francisco declined the offer, encouraging the captain that had approached him
10:48to take the role of reporter himself.
10:52Besides political leaders and participants, the coup also affected many everyday Chilean citizens.
10:58Thousands were killed, went missing and were injured.
11:06Four years on, Chile is a police state in a state of siege.
11:10Martial law rule by decree.
11:14And control by fear.
11:17The secret police are everywhere.
11:19An unnerving reminder that the state is always watching you.
11:23These men are the few public faces of a vast secret force created after the coup
11:29with the purpose of eliminating opposition.
11:32No law inhibits them.
11:34They arrest, detain, interrogate at whim.
11:36They have tortured and murdered with impunity.
11:39And terror works.
11:43Reminds you that politics is outlawed.
11:45That to talk freely is forbidden.
11:51That you may not meet in groups of more than eight.
11:54And under the rule of terror, you wonder always who is watching you.
11:58Who is listening.
12:00And you discuss openly only those matters which will offend no one.
12:04And you trust no one.
12:06If you oppose, you oppose in private or risk retribution by the state.
12:11The United Nations condemns Chile each year.
12:15And each year, the UN is ignored.
12:18Because of the political instability in their country, many relocated elsewhere.
12:25Canada, among other countries, became a main point of refuge for many Chilean citizens.
12:31Through an operation known as Special Movement Chile.
12:36More than 7,000 Chileans were relocated to Canada in the months following September 11th, 1973.
12:44The U.S. view of the coup continues to spark controversy.
12:48Hmm.
12:49Hmm.
12:50Mm-hmm.
13:22I'm going to take a look at it.
13:52You need to open one!
13:54Come on, come on.
13:58Let's go, let's go, let's go.
14:02Come on, ma'am!
14:22I will not allow you to return to anyone else,
14:42nor to return to the world instead of me.
14:47I love you, I love you.
15:17and that, the Lord has not been given on the wall,
15:22but some people of fear and conflict,
15:27and the power of the people of Israel
15:31and that God has not been given to you.
15:34How does it say the Apostle Padre?
15:40The Apostle Padre
15:43I'll see you next time.
16:13.
16:16.
16:22.
16:23.
16:25.
16:26.
16:28.
16:34.
16:35.
16:36.
16:38.
16:41.
16:42.
16:43the history of us, for the intercession of the peace and the truth.
16:48The Lord, the Holy Spirit, the Holy Spirit, the Holy Spirit, the Holy Spirit, the Holy Spirit,
16:57the Holy Spirit, the Holy Spirit and the Holy Spirit.
17:02Armed opposition to the Pinochet rule continued in remote parts of the country in a massive
17:20operation spearheaded by Chilean Army paracommandos.
17:25In September 1986, weapons from the same source were deployed in the mountains of Nertum.
17:33Weapons including C4 plastic explosives, RPG-7 and M72 LAW rocket launchers, as well as more
17:41than 3,000 M16 rifles were smuggled into the country by opponents of the government.
17:49In September 1986, weapons from the same source were used in an unsuccessful assassination
17:56attempt against Pinochet by the FPMR.
18:00His military bodyguard was taken by surprise and five members were killed.
18:05Pinochet's bulletproof Mercedes Benz vehicle was struck by a rocket, but it failed to explode
18:12and Pinochet suffered only minor injuries.
18:16Pinochet's regime was responsible for many human rights abuses during his reign, including
18:23forced disappearances, murder and torture of political opponents.
18:28According to a government commission report that included testimony from more than 30,000
18:33people, Pinochet's government killed at least 3,197 people and tortured about 29,000.
18:44Two thirds of the cases listed in the report happened in 1973.
18:50An estimated 1,500 to 2,000 Chileans were killed or disappeared during the Pinochet regime.
18:58These women are the vanguard of a group known as the families of the disappeared.
19:03Mariana Guzman's husband was arrested in May last year by the secret police.
19:06He disappeared.
19:08The parents of Maria Raraia were also arrested last year.
19:11They too disappeared.
19:13Maria Pavlos's husband was arrested last year before Christmas.
19:16Likewise disappeared.
19:21We are very worried about the dangers facing our relatives.
19:25Most of them have disappeared and we don't know if they are still alive.
19:30The thing we would most like to know is what is the government going to do with them.
19:35We want to know if they are considered guilty.
19:38We want to know what is going to be the final decision affecting our families.
19:44This is the fundamental question at this moment for us.
19:48I want to know what is going to happen to my father and my mother who have been detained
19:52for well over one year now and I haven't heard one word about them.
19:56We want to know why they have disappeared.
19:59And furthermore, to wipe out this injustice, we are ready to do anything.
20:05To sacrifice our lives if we don't get an answer from the government.
20:09A jail in Santiago, which holds common criminals and political prisoners.
20:16Under international pressure, some 4,000 political prisoners have been released, on condition
20:20they leave the country never to return.
20:23Of those arrested but unaccounted for, some 200 are acknowledged still to be in jail.
20:28But rumors of secret and remote concentration camps persist.
20:32That number could be much higher.
20:34According to Peter Kornbleu, in the Pinochet file, quote, routine sadism was taken to extremes,
20:41unquote, in prison camps.
20:49The junta had moved to isolate the remaining leaders of the Allende movement.
20:58His closest advisors were held in a concentration camp on an island near Antarctica.
21:11Most would remain imprisoned on Dawson Island for eight months.
21:14Allende lost eventually.
21:19Allende was overthrown eventually.
21:22Not because of anything that was done from the outside.
21:26Because his system didn't work in Chile.
21:30And Chile decided to throw it out.
21:31The rape of women was common, including sexual torture, such as the insertion of rats into
21:37genitals and, quote, unnatural acts involving dogs, unquote.
21:44Detainees were forcibly immersed in vats of urine and excrement and were occasionally forced
21:51to ingest it.
21:53Beatings with gun buds, fists, and chains were routine.
21:58One technique, known as the telephone, involved the torturer slamming his open hands hard and
22:05rhythmically against the ears of the victim, leaving the person deaf.
22:10Senator Frank Church, who led the investigation, challenged the way the Nixon administration
22:16had chosen to fight the Cold War on Chilean soil.
22:19You said, still at another point, where the age-old antagonism between freedom and tyranny
22:25is concerned, we are not neutral.
22:29Well, I agree full-heartedly with these principles as you've enunciated them, but I am puzzled.
22:40We are now told, despite these words about the principles that distinguish us as a nation,
22:50we not only interfered for the purpose of bringing down that government in an elaborate covert action
22:58policy by the CIA, but that we were justified in doing it, if I understood the president correctly,
23:06because the Russians do it.
23:08At Via Grimaldi, prisoners were dragged into the parking lot and had the bones in their legs
23:14crushed as they were run over with trucks.
23:18Some died from torture.
23:20Prisoners were beaten with chains and left to die from internal injuries.
23:25Following abuse and execution, corpses were interred in secret graves, dropped into rivers
23:31or the ocean, or just dumped on urban streets in the night.
23:36The body of the renowned Chilean singer, theater director, and academic Vitriara was found in
23:42a dirty canal, quote, with his hands and face extremely disfigured and with 44 bullet holes, unquote.
23:52The practice of murdering political opponents via death fights employed by the juntas of Argentina
24:00and Chile had sometimes been the subject of numerous alt-right and other right-wing extremist
24:06groups' internet memes, with the suggestion that political enemies and leftists be given
24:13free helicopter rides.
24:15Ha ha ha ha ha ha.
24:17Isn't killing innocent people funny?
24:19Isn't it so funny?
24:21In 2001, Chilean President Ricardo Lagos informed the nation that during Pinochet's reign, 120 bodies
24:30had been tossed from helicopters into, quote, the ocean, lakes, and the rivers of Chile,
24:38unquote.
24:40In a final assessment of his legacy during his funeral, Belisario Velasco, Chile's interior
24:46minister at the time, remarked that, quote, Pinochet was a classic right-wing dictator who
24:53badly violated human rights and who became rich, unquote.
24:59During the 1990s, while no longer president, but still commander in chief, Pinochet scoffed
25:06at his human rights critics.
25:08When asked about the discovery of a mass grave of his government's victims, Pinochet was quoted
25:14in the Chilean press as joking that it was an efficient way of burial.
25:20Pinochet was arrested in London on charges of genocide and terrorism that include murder
25:26in October 1998.
25:30The indictment and arrest to Pinochet was the first time that a former government head was
25:35arrested on the principle of universal jurisdiction.
25:39On November 25, 2006, Pinochet marked his 91st birthday by having his wife read a statement
25:48he had written to admirers present for his birthday.
25:52Today, near the end of my days, I want to say that I harbor no rancor against anybody, that
25:59I love my fatherland, above all, and that I take political responsibility for everything
26:05that was done, which had no other goal than making Chile greater and avoiding its disintegration.
26:12I assume full political responsibility for what happened.
26:17Two days later, he was again indicted and ordered preliminary house arrest on charges of kidnapping
26:23and murder of two bodyguards of Salvador Allende who were arrested the day of the 1973 coup
26:30and executed by firing squad during the caravan of death.
26:37Pinochet died a few days later, on December 10, 2006, without having been convicted of any
26:43of the crimes of which he was accused.
27:07Pinochet died a few days later, on December 10, 2015, both rights reserved.
27:19If the time has been married, it is worse than that, if it is often done, it is worse than that, if it is worse than that, if it is worse than this worden...
27:25The court has been Up.
27:30Canaan.
27:34Tira pa' arriba nomás, tira pa' arriba.
27:44Arrímese usted pa' acá, aquí donde el sol calienta.
27:48Arrímese usted pa' acá, aquí donde el sol calienta.
27:53Si usted ya está acostumbrado a andar dando volteretas
27:58y ningún daño le hará estar donde las papas queman
28:02y ningún daño le hará estar donde las papas queman.
28:07Usted no es nada, no es chicha ni limona,
28:12se lo pasa manoseando, caramba, zamba su dignidad.
28:16Usted no es nada, no es chicha ni limona,
28:21se lo pasa manoseando, caramba, zamba su dignidad.
28:26La fiesta ya ha comenzado y la cosa está que arde.
28:36Usted que era el más que dao, se quería adueñar del baile.
28:40Total al ojo, el fatillo, no hay olor que se le escape.
28:45Total al ojo, el fatillo, no hay olor que se le escape.
28:49Usted no es nada, no es chicha ni limona,
28:55se lo pasa manoseando, caramba, zamba su dignidad.
28:59Usted no es nada, no es chicha ni limona,
29:04se lo pasa manoseando, caramba, zamba su dignidad.
29:08Si sigue osiconeando, le vamos a expropiar
29:29las pistolas y la lengua, y todo y todo lo demás.
29:34Usted no es nada, no es chicha ni limona,
29:40se lo pasa manoseando, caramba, zamba su dignidad.
29:45Usted no es nada, no es chicha ni limona,
29:50se lo pasa manoseando, caramba, zamba su dignidad.
30:04Usted no es chicha ni limona, caramba, y todo plaza no es chicha ni limona.
30:07La imagen a la Och valores de lugar,
30:10se lo pasa manoseando, caramba, zaraz, chicha ni limona.
30:13Usted no es chicha ni limona, espansa אבל pileen la desconexión de.
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