00:00In the southern waters of East Java, there is hidden a wild ecosystem that is still mysterious to the world of science.
00:10A small island that seems to stand alone in the middle of the ocean,
00:14become the last bastion of untouched biodiversity.
00:20Nusa Barong or Nusa Barong is a small island located south of Java Island.
00:26This island is located in the Puger Kulon Village area, Puger District, Jember Regency, East Java.
00:34Designated as a conservation area since 1920 and designated as one of the outermost islands in Indonesia.
00:45The 7,635 hectare uninhabited island now has the status of a wildlife sanctuary.
00:53Based on the decision of the Minister of Forestry on May 1, 2013.
00:59Today with the help of cutting-edge technologies such as e-DNA, Soundscape, and satellite imagery,
01:07Scientists are beginning to uncover new insights into the island's wildlife.
01:11Nusa Barong Island is a unique mosaic of ecosystems.
01:23The coastal forest is filled with typical vegetation such as
01:26nyamplung tree with scientific name,
01:29kalophylum inofilum,
01:31then put it with the scientific name,
01:33barringtonia espedinum,
01:35and sea pandan or pandanus tectorius.
01:38The existence of mangrove forests surrounding Plirik Bay and Kandangan Bay
01:44is real evidence that the ecosystem on this island is still functioning well.
01:49Here, Rizophora mucronata and Aficenia spi
01:53creating habitat for various species of fish, crabs and water birds.
01:59However, what is most surprising about this latest exploration is that
02:05the existence of a lowland tropical forest ecosystem that is still very beautiful.
02:11Latest research results as of May 2024
02:15from the team from the Center for Applied Zoology Research,
02:19BRIN Biological and Environmental Research Organization
02:21together with the East Java KSDA Center,
02:24Bromo Tengger Semeru National Park Main Office,
02:28Samboja Environmental and Forestry Instrument Standards Implementation Center,
02:32and the Pakarti Foundation,
02:34found indications of the existence of Rafflesia.
02:36One of the rarest parasitic flowers in the world
02:39which lives on the host plant tetrastigma SP.
02:42If confirmed,
02:45this will be an important scientific discovery
02:47which adds important value to the status of the Nusa Barung area
02:50as a conservation area.
02:58But, did you know?
03:01Nusa Barung Island is also home to diverse fauna.
03:05The beach is a regular landing site
03:08for green turtles with scientific names,
03:11Celonia Midas,
03:12who come to lay eggs every year.
03:15Besides that,
03:16rare species such as the hawksbill turtle with the scientific name,
03:20Eretmocellis imbricata,
03:22also found in the waters around this island.
03:28Then in the forest,
03:30camera trap successfully captures documentation
03:33Rusatimor or Rusatimoresis
03:36and long-tailed monkeys,
03:38Macaca fascicularis.
03:40Then the bird survey recorded more than 30 species.
03:44found on this island.
03:46With the species Pachnonotus plumosus
03:49and Schalcovaps indica
03:50as two dominant species that fill
03:53the acoustic landscape of the island.
03:55Then there are also some rare predator species,
03:58starting from the white-bellied sea eagle with the scientific name,
04:01Haliaetus leukogaster,
04:03the bido snake eagle or Spilornis cila,
04:06and the Javan eagle with the scientific name,
04:08Nisaetus bartelsi,
04:10also found circling the skies of Nusa Barung.
04:13This indicates that the food chain on this island
04:15still functioning naturally.
04:19The interesting thing about using bioacoustics
04:22to uncover the hidden life in Nusa Barung.
04:25Sound recording in the depths of the forest
04:28generated over 24 thousand voice annotations
04:31with the majority coming from birds, insects and amphibians.
04:36Soundscape analysis shows that
04:38This island has a high acoustic diversity index,
04:42indicates an environment that is still healthy and rich in species.
04:47In addition, e-DNA technology is applied on this island
04:50also brings a big surprise.
04:52Samples taken from fresh water sources and tree trunks
04:56revealed the existence of 554 species from five kingdoms
05:00such as from Amebozoa, Animalia, Chromalveolata, Fungi, and Plantai.
05:07This includes various species of microbes.
05:08which had never been previously detected on this island.
05:15In the expedition,
05:17Researchers also found 11 species of bats.
05:20All of these are new records for Nusa Barung Island.
05:24One of the most dominant species here
05:26is Rosetus Amplexicaudatus,
05:29fruit-eating bats play an important role
05:32in the distribution of seeds.
05:33Meanwhile,
05:37the herpetofauna survey successfully recorded 19 species of reptiles and amphibians,
05:43including water lizards with scientific names
05:46Pharanus salvator,
05:48gray monitor lizard or Faranus nebulosus,
05:51as well as several species of frogs and lizards
05:54most of which are new records for the island.
05:57This discovery further confirms that Nusa Barung
06:01is an important refuge for fauna
06:03which requires a natural habitat with minimal human disturbance.
06:10Apart from its rich biodiversity,
06:13Nusa Barung Island faces major challenges in conservation.
06:17Its remote location and difficult access
06:19making research and supervision a challenge in itself,
06:23where the crashing waves of the Indonesian Ocean limit exploration time.
06:29However, these new findings open up huge opportunities.
06:32for data-driven conservation.
06:35By understanding the ecological patterns and distribution of species,
06:38management of this area can be better structured,
06:42ensure that the wild ecosystem in Nusa Barung remains sustainable.
06:45Further research will continue to be conducted,
06:54including further monitoring of newly discovered species,
06:57as well as the possibility of other rare species
07:00which is still hidden in the corners of this island.
07:07Nusa Barung Island is a reminder that
07:10There are still many wild corners of Indonesia
07:12which we do not fully know.
07:14Every discovery here
07:16not only opens up new insights about biodiversity,
07:19but also emphasizes how important it is
07:22maintain this natural ecosystem.
07:25Amidst the roar of the waves of the Indonesian ocean,
07:27Nusa Barung remains standing as the last stronghold
07:30biodiversity,
07:32a natural heritage that we should protect
07:34for future generations.
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07:48Thank you for watching,
07:50see you in the next video.
07:51Thank you for watching,
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