00:00Lupus is a systemic disease, immuno-mediated, also called autoimmune disease, and there are, let's say, various subtypes.
00:16With a single name, we include various types of diseases.
00:20Like all immuno-mediated diseases, it is a heterogeneous disease, so we can have limited skin forms,
00:25we can have mainly articulated forms, forms in which the middle bone is also involved,
00:29other forms in which the kidney or other internal organs are involved, such as the lungs or the heart.
00:34The neurological system can also be involved, even the central nervous system.
00:39So an extremely pleiotropic disease, heterogeneous, in which these various organs or tissues can be involved
00:46either separately or in some of the most dangerous forms, even all together.
00:52And so the difficulty of the clinic is to interpret exactly the subtype of disease
00:58and understand in advance when certain organs or tissues, perhaps initially not involved,
01:03may be able to become part of the disease picture.
01:06Jack inhibitors are a new class of immuno-modulators, let's call them that.
01:11They are small molecules that can be taken by mouth and that specifically block a certain enzyme,
01:17namely the Janus kinase, Jack, which is in fact an activator of certain receptors.
01:23Our cells have a sort of antenna on their surface that receives inflammatory signals.
01:29Well, these small molecules are able to block many receptors
01:34that translate many different inflammatory molecules into these cells.
01:39From this point of view, they are very interesting molecules,
01:42so even recognizing a specific molecular target,
01:45they are actually able to block a wide range of inflammatory signals.
01:51So they are large-spectrum immuno-modulating anti-inflammatories.
01:55We are not yet authorized to use them, especially in lupus, because they are not yet approved,
02:00but my center is committed to a multi-centric clinical trial,
02:04precisely to experiment with the use of these molecules,
02:07in particular one of these, lupa-dacitinib,
02:10precisely to verify whether these molecules have an equal effectiveness in lupus
02:14to those they already have in other diseases for which they are authorized,
02:17such as rheumatoid arthritis or psoriasis arthritis.
02:20So we look forward to the success of this experiment
02:24in order to be able to implement it also in our patients affected by LES.
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