- 10 hours ago
- #agendaawani
Penciptaan “the next billion jobs” tidak hanya bergantung kepada teknologi baharu, sebaliknya kepada keupayaan usahawan memanfaatkan inovasi untuk membina perniagaan, menyelesaikan masalah dan membuka pasaran baharu. #AgendaAWANI 9 malam ini.
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00:19Terima kasih.
00:35Terima kasih.
01:00Sebenarnya, ini legenda, legenda pekerjaan, oleh kerana hal pekerjaan ini ialah suatu perkara yang baru, seratus tahun saja.
01:14It's more or less a hundred years old.
01:16It's a myth to imagine that, you know, employment or full employment is a sign of growth in the company.
01:23I don't agree with that.
01:25So, why is it a myth?
01:27Because for a thousand years before, we didn't have jobs.
01:31We didn't have nine to five jobs.
01:34It didn't exist.
01:35What did your great-grandfather do?
01:38You know, none of our great-grandfathers, if you go back a hundred years, went to a nine to five
01:45job.
01:45There was no such thing.
01:47You know, factories were introduced into Malaysia somewhere in the late 50s, early 60s, and so on.
01:54And this nine to five existence ini, sebenarnya, is a new found concept.
02:01And the economists love it.
02:04It gives the impression that when you have full employment, people are happy, number one.
02:10Two, it gives the impression that the economy is growing, which is also not true.
02:15And number three, which is fundamentally more important, is the fact that, you know, when we have so-called full
02:22employment,
02:24there is a distinct improvement in living standards.
02:30So, I disagree with all these points.
02:33Yep, you're right.
02:34So, in my opinion, we survived for a thousand years or more because we were entrepreneurs, we were traders.
02:45You know, Malaysia was at the heart of the spice lands.
02:48You know, East Asia Company and all of that started because they were chasing their spices.
02:54trade brought Portugal, the Dutch, and English into our corner of the world.
03:01All the development, supposedly, again, I question that, because the development was never intended for us.
03:09It was intended so they can systematically rape us.
03:19So, my thinking is that, having said that, I am of the opinion that we need to focus on the
03:27next billion jobs in a different manner.
03:30Year two, our position should be, number one, the gig economy.
03:37First of all, I'm an entrepreneur at heart.
03:39I build entrepreneurs.
03:40And we have, you know, literally anywhere between 20 to 25 million people who are accessing our websites and building
03:49businesses using e-commerce.
03:52So, not only do they buy from us, they also sell from us.
03:55And so, there is growth in terms of entrepreneurship.
03:59Entrepreneurs are going to build the next billion jobs.
04:02And entrepreneurs are going to influence the next AI generation, in my opinion.
04:09So, having said that, I actually disagreed with the concept that the billion jobs need to be governed by, you
04:16know, the large firms or the government.
04:18Yeah, this is very interesting, because when you mentioned about entrepreneurs, it's the medium that's going to, you know, create
04:26more jobs, be the next billion jobs.
04:29But at the same time, we have this argument, especially from the youngsters, that look at, you know, entrepreneurs, entrepreneurship
04:35as a whole, with AI coming into place and all that, they would use AI rather than human.
04:40But that's general view of the public, and as well for the youngsters, how do you view the existence of
04:46AI in a positive manner?
04:50How will that improve our entrepreneurship moving forward and provide those billion jobs?
04:57Sebenarnya, our outlook towards AI is still very much driven by Western philosophy and culture.
05:07So, when we think of AI, we think of Terminator, you know, unfortunately, Matrix, where AI takes over the planet.
05:17So, AI is looked upon as our enemy.
05:20But it's interesting, in the East, for example, at the last World Economic Forum, I met this amazing Japanese artist
05:28who works with puppetry, using robotics and AI.
05:34And she had this amazingly cute little toy in her hand that was waving to everybody, blinking at everybody, and
05:42all of the audience was reacting to this toy.
05:45So, she said, let me quote what she said.
05:49She said, in Japan, we already see the spirit or the energy in every living thing, even in inanimate things.
05:59So, it's not unusual for a Japanese to stop before a river, a waterfall, a fountain, or a particular beautiful
06:09tree or something like that,
06:10and to thank nature for that process, for the energy in that space.
06:17So, we, on the other hand, we are driven by Western thinking, which is AI.
06:22Ini memang is an enemy of great proportions.
06:26So, we react to it with fear.
06:29And hence, because of that, we are not embracing it.
06:32But the next generation, they, on the other hand, they grew up with it.
06:38So, ada satu perkara yang kita panggil neuroplasticity.
06:42Alright, that's in the brain.
06:44Ini betulnya, is where the brain adapts.
06:49It becomes flexible, versatile.
06:51It adjusts to AI.
06:54So, they are conforming to and working with AI.
06:58Untuk people, you know, generation, ni macam bocorkan puteri gunung ledang, rahsia puteri gunung ledang, macam tu.
07:05They're scared.
07:06You know, there's something secretive about AI.
07:09AI is as good as the people who program it.
07:13That's as simple as that.
07:15So, at the end of the day, it still rolls back to us.
07:19We drive AI.
07:20And that's the bottom line.
07:23So, I want to talk about the, because previously, industry, banyak kali sebut my distributed opportunity.
07:31It's very important, very crucial, especially for Malaysia.
07:35Even that you have, you know, diverse background of, I mean, in our society.
07:41How do you see this aspect?
07:46Given that, ialah, para semua orang yang jadi entrepreneur pun,
07:50may be cabaran berbeza, for those who are living in the urban area, sub-urban area, or rural area.
07:56But how do you see the whole situation?
07:58Are we helping them enough to be entrepreneurs and create jobs, opportunity for them?
08:03AI is in a very unique situation.
08:06There is no urban, rural divide.
08:09Everyone can use it.
08:10Yeah, because it's your access to internet that governs it.
08:13So, the more critical question is, do we have, you know, a universal, all right, internet coverage throughout the country?
08:22Because if we do, and nowadays, 5G is coming to the planet, and on top of that,
08:28they say 6G is going to be running like Starlink across satellites.
08:33So, when that change happens, the rural-urban divide is going to change dramatically.
08:38So, it is the younger generation and their ability to adapt, adjust, then accommodate.
08:46That makes them more pliable.
08:50And therefore, AI is welcomed into their mindset and their psyche.
08:56The older generation will have a challenge, admittedly.
09:01But in terms of the next billion jobs, it's the younger generation that's going to govern it.
09:06You see, they are the people who are going to be electing the people that come into power.
09:11They are the people who are going to be driving the technology and the economic output.
09:17If they want AI to go in a certain direction, that's exactly what will happen.
09:22The other factor is SMEs.
09:25There's this belief that AI is driven by big companies, governments, and some huge presence out there.
09:33The reality is AI is driven by many different sources.
09:38Sabananya, SMEs, small to medium-sized enterprises, right?
09:44Entrepreneurs.
09:45They are the ones who are the architects of the new AI.
09:50In a nutshell.
09:53So the element of human element in the job.
10:02But what is the answer?
10:03Entrepreneurs should see the human element when they create jobs,
10:08now that they are talking about AI, replacing agent AI to be precise.
10:13But at the same time, the human element is something that AI cannot replace in that sense.
10:18How should they understand that?
10:20Going back to what I said earlier, AI is as good as the people who program it.
10:25In actual fact, the AI that you are working with is somebody's ideas and thoughts.
10:33It's some individual's ideas and thoughts that has actually come into this programming and allowing this AI to interact in
10:40this fashion.
10:42which is exactly the same.
10:44When we go up an escalator or we take a lift, you know, we use the latest technology in some
10:49fashion.
10:50How is it that we are not questioning, you know, the technology behind it?
10:54It's still human.
10:55It's designed for humans and it has got a very humanistic approach to it.
11:00So whether it's a TV sets or rockets or satellites or whatsoever, the hardware is only slightly different.
11:09The software, which is AI, is again designed by human beings.
11:13So there is an end game to this.
11:16Alright?
11:17And it is another human being who is behind the approach which results in the AI in front of you.
11:38So Dr. Sri, in Malaysia, we are talking about, you know, with all these technological advancements and all that,
11:46the changing of the industrial revolution, we are talking about, you know, risk-killing, up-skilling, the reality check and
11:52all that.
11:53But a lot of people felt that when they are risk-killing and up-skilling,
11:58they still cannot see their future in terms of the secure job placement and all that.
12:03What's your take on this with up-skilling and risk-killing and the points that you've pointed just now
12:10in terms of having the right jobs, in terms of providing and creating job opportunities?
12:15Okay, let's look at this.
12:17Whether it's up-skilling or risk-killing,
12:20it doesn't matter which.
12:23it is ultimately a continuous, lifelong process for the current generation.
12:30The problem with the generation before us,
12:34and in fact, to some extent, our own generation,
12:38kita ni, ah, sudah habis.
12:41Apa sudah habis?
12:42University dah habis, Ijazah dah dapat, semua sudah habis.
12:45So, it's the end of a chapter.
12:48So, we don't want to study again.
12:51We don't want to, you know, have to pursue any kind of...
12:54We say, now we are into working life pula.
12:56Apa, what is this about up-skilling, risk-killing?
12:59It's hard work for us.
13:02For the current, upcoming Gen Zs, for example,
13:07for them, up-skilling is part and parcel of their lifestyle.
13:13They are not chasing university degrees anymore
13:15because university degrees are no more the end of the road.
13:20You see, as I've said this many times before,
13:22our universities are buildings designed in the 19th century
13:27with teachers from the 20th century
13:29trying to create, you know,
13:34environment for students in the 21st century.
13:37It's never going to work.
13:39So, although it helps in many other ways,
13:43sympathetic ways,
13:45in the fashion of us having to go into a structured learning process
13:49where we are actually improving our communication skills,
13:54you know, interrelationship skills, all of that.
13:57But the actual knowledge content of university
14:00is outdated before you hit the street.
14:03You know?
14:03So, and it's getting worse and worse.
14:06So, something you studied last semester
14:08is useless this semester.
14:11And the universities are struggling to catch up to be relevant.
14:15Now, the Gen Zs,
14:19they are actually more or less rewired, in a way,
14:25to deal with education in an ongoing format.
14:28and AI is helping to do that.
14:31So, they are used to going out to check for answers,
14:35solutions,
14:36look at that as an ongoing process.
14:38So, reskilling and upskilling for them
14:41is something that they rather do
14:44because they just want to keep up.
14:46Yeah.
14:46Our generation who says,
14:48okay, education is over.
14:50Therefore, it's hard work.
14:52Therefore, my brain now has to function again.
14:56And therefore, our attitude towards reskilling is hostile.
15:03This is different.
15:04But reskilling and upskilling is a lifetime process of the future.
15:08It doesn't matter what job you get into.
15:10Your job,
15:11if you're going to do it in the same way you did it,
15:14your grandfather would have worked the same way
15:16he did for 30 years in government service.
15:20Same files moving from A to B,
15:22come in and clock in in the same place,
15:24do the same thing,
15:25and that would have been alright.
15:26but that is factory work.
15:29That's essentially factory work.
15:32Sitting down,
15:33doing the same thing over and over again
15:35is a sign of insanity.
15:37Are you with me?
15:38Yes.
15:38They say,
15:39if you're doing the same thing all over again every day,
15:43expecting a new result,
15:45that's a sign of insanity.
15:47So, having said that,
15:48having said that,
15:50reskilling or upskilling
15:52must be part and parcel of our culture.
15:56and besides,
15:57our Gen Z's today,
15:59they have,
16:00you know,
16:00a maximum of a three-minute life,
16:03I mean,
16:03attention span.
16:05You know,
16:06anything they read or see or understand
16:08must be finished in three minutes
16:10or they don't have the ability to hang on.
16:13With that kind of,
16:14you know,
16:16temperament,
16:17macam mana pula?
16:18Sit down and go back
16:19and study something new,
16:21tak jadi.
16:22It will never happen.
16:24you have to reskill and upskill.
16:26And I don't think
16:28they are going to see it
16:28the way we see it.
16:30We are treating this upskilling,
16:32reskilling as hard work.
16:35For them,
16:35it's necessary.
16:37It's as simple as that.
16:40when I bought a Ferrari
16:44some years back,
16:45I had to go to Italy
16:46to learn how to drive all over again,
16:48to drive it.
16:48Really?
16:50Hard work,
16:51let me tell you.
16:51Because
16:52the car is
16:53so differently wired,
16:55technologically advanced,
16:56that you really need to go,
16:58otherwise you'll be causing
16:59an accident on the street.
17:00so I did three days.
17:03And that,
17:04in a sense,
17:05is reskilling.
17:06And so,
17:07it is going to be
17:08in every model
17:10that you can think about.
17:13What's wrong with reskilling?
17:14Yeah.
17:15Alright.
17:16I want to talk about
17:17the aging society.
17:19Very important issues.
17:21Malaysia is facing it.
17:22A lot of countries
17:22are facing it as well.
17:24But
17:24those days,
17:25in Malaysia especially,
17:26we are talking about
17:27the finishing line,
17:28so-called,
17:29garis penamat is
17:30retirement age.
17:31And when you retire,
17:32then you can get
17:33some rise on that.
17:34But now,
17:35based on the current research,
17:36they say that
17:36that's no longer the kids
17:38for many,
17:38many nations.
17:39They are seeking to work
17:40longer than
17:41the retirement age
17:43which they should be.
17:44So,
17:45the new jobs
17:46need to cater both,
17:48I mean,
17:48the aging society
17:49as well as the youngsters.
17:50How do you see,
17:51how do we strike a balance
17:52between these?
17:53Provide this.
17:54First of all,
17:55let me correct the apprehension.
17:58Yes,
17:59it is true.
18:00Malaysia is facing
18:00an aging population
18:02and so is Singapore
18:03for that matter.
18:04Hong Kong,
18:05Taiwan,
18:06Japan,
18:06Korea,
18:07that whole stretch.
18:08Ultra aging.
18:10Tapi,
18:11interestingly enough,
18:12our immediate neighbors,
18:15Indonesia,
18:16Philippines,
18:17Vietnam,
18:17they are finding
18:19a burgeoning,
18:20growing,
18:21youthful population.
18:23They are mean
18:24or average age
18:25in their 25.
18:27That's just the three
18:28neighboring countries.
18:30India,
18:3120.
18:33That's their median age
18:34of someone in India
18:37today looking for a job.
18:38Africa is even worse.
18:41These are far faster,
18:44youthful expansion
18:45than we expected.
18:48we are looking
18:49at first world countries,
18:51we are looking
18:51at Malaysia
18:52and Singapore
18:53is the wrong apprehension.
18:54However,
18:56balance has to be found
18:57in between.
18:58Singapore,
18:59for instance,
19:00it utilizes
19:01the old people
19:05to work.
19:06But it means new jobs.
19:09They go as high
19:11as 20%
19:12of the elderly population
19:13but they are doing
19:15janitorial work,
19:17they are doing
19:17airport check-in,
19:18check-out,
19:19all of this stuff,
19:20you know,
19:20all the menial jobs.
19:22Their lifetime,
19:23which is an archive year,
19:25you know,
19:25they could have been
19:26an accountant
19:26or they could have been
19:27a teacher
19:28or they could have been
19:28a nurse
19:29or whatever it is.
19:31That is not being,
19:32you know,
19:33tapped into.
19:35So,
19:36what would be
19:37the best scenario?
19:40would be an area
19:42or a forum.
19:43You see,
19:44for example,
19:45to take our own lives.
19:46Wherever children
19:48have access
19:49to grandparents,
19:51where they are able
19:52to freely move around
19:54with grandparents,
19:55they are much more stable,
19:58they are much more
20:00mentally and physically
20:03better off.
20:05You know,
20:06mental health
20:06is a big problem
20:07in the first world.
20:09but grandparents
20:11have this
20:11placating effect,
20:13calming effect
20:15on the children.
20:16They have more patience,
20:18they are willing
20:19to sit down
20:19with the kids
20:20who are mostly hyper
20:22and talk to them
20:23and connect with them
20:24and communicate.
20:26And frankly,
20:26grandparents communicate
20:27better than we do.
20:30That is something
20:31we need to learn from.
20:33Creating a space
20:34where the elderly
20:36can communicate
20:37to the Gen Zs,
20:39for example,
20:40and work with them
20:41in preparing them
20:42for life.
20:43See,
20:43the thing we are all
20:44worried about is
20:45are they technically
20:46skilled?
20:47Can they go and find
20:48employment?
20:49You know,
20:50can they be better off,
20:52you know,
20:53education-wise,
20:54etc.?
20:55That is not our main
20:56concern anymore.
20:58Are they mentally stable?
21:01Are they relaxed
21:03and efficient?
21:04Are they challenging
21:06their higher potential?
21:08Are they having
21:09a better life view?
21:11Are they balancing
21:12their life?
21:13Are they planning
21:14it properly?
21:14who's talking
21:16about that
21:16if it doesn't
21:17come out
21:17at university?
21:19You know,
21:19a university
21:20guidance counsellor
21:21is not structured
21:23to do all of this.
21:26But believe it or not,
21:28the elderly
21:29are best suited
21:30for this.
21:31They have spent
21:32a lifetime
21:33living the life
21:34that the Gen Zs
21:35are going to step into.
21:37Right?
21:37We need to create
21:38better forums
21:39where they can
21:40talk to each other.
21:42industry,
21:43you've talked
21:43about a lot
21:45of things,
21:45obviously,
21:46when it comes
21:46to jobs creation,
21:48when it comes
21:49to the philosophy
21:49behind understanding
21:50jobs,
21:51understanding
21:51current real
21:52problems and all that.
21:54What's your hope?
21:55At least for Malaysia.
21:56I know this is
21:57something that you've
21:58talked pretty often,
22:01but hope is
22:02what keeps us alive.
22:04Your hope
22:05for future jobs
22:07and creation
22:07and also entrepreneurship
22:08in Malaysia.
22:09I answered this
22:10during my session
22:11when a young man
22:11stood up and asked me
22:13what can he do
22:14to change
22:15the policies
22:18of education,
22:19employment
22:19and so on
22:20and so forth
22:21for young people
22:21in his country.
22:24So,
22:24without naming names,
22:25right,
22:26I told the young man
22:27and I'm telling you
22:28right now,
22:30don't wait
22:30for the politicians.
22:32Don't rely
22:33on the politicians.
22:36Very often,
22:37more often than not,
22:38they start off
22:39on the right footing.
22:41then they step
22:42into the chair.
22:44Does the chair
22:45change the person?
22:46Very interesting
22:47discussion.
22:49The reality
22:50is almost invariably
22:52it does.
22:55because before
22:56they step into
22:57the chair
22:59they have never
23:00experienced
23:00the power
23:01and the price
23:03of that power.
23:04You know,
23:05both of these
23:05are separate
23:06conundrums.
23:08And when
23:09they step
23:10into the chair
23:10they realize
23:11without the chair
23:13they have
23:14no voice.
23:15So the chair
23:16actually becomes
23:17more important
23:17to them.
23:18however,
23:19the chair
23:20has a short
23:21lifespan.
23:23There's only
23:23two ways
23:24to get back
23:25to the chair.
23:27One,
23:27win the next
23:28election again
23:29which means
23:30every policy,
23:31every discussion
23:32they have
23:32needs to be
23:33driven by
23:34politics.
23:36Can I get
23:36voted again
23:37if I do this?
23:38Is it popular?
23:39Popular
23:40is not going
23:40to cover it.
23:42we need
23:43long-term
23:43policies
23:44not short-term.
23:46Education,
23:47infrastructure,
23:49right?
23:49Economy,
23:50these are all
23:50long-term
23:51policies.
23:52But none
23:52of the politicians
23:53who actually
23:54sit in
23:55and start
23:56it off
23:56get to finish
23:58it.
23:59You see,
24:00the bigger
24:01problem is
24:02the second
24:04part.
24:05When they
24:06step into
24:06the chair
24:07and they
24:07don't want
24:07to let go
24:08and this
24:09happens
24:09throughout
24:09the third
24:10world.
24:10when they
24:11don't want
24:11to let
24:12go,
24:13they become
24:14dictators.
24:16And same
24:16problem exists
24:17because even
24:18dictators,
24:20even though
24:20not driven
24:21by elections,
24:23are driven
24:23by the
24:24populace
24:24and the
24:24expectations.
24:26So,
24:27inevitably,
24:28they will
24:29go back
24:30to popular
24:31policies
24:32and therein
24:33lies the
24:34problem.
24:35And this
24:36is what
24:36I believe
24:37with the
24:39exception of
24:39very few
24:40leaders
24:41like Lee
24:43Kuan Yew,
24:44Mandela,
24:45alright,
24:46for example,
24:48among a few
24:49who have
24:50withstood
24:50the temptation
24:51of the
24:52chair
24:53and plan
24:54for the
24:55future
24:55and did
24:57it remarkably
24:58right.
24:59Apart
25:00from which
25:00my worry
25:01about Malaysia
25:02is exactly
25:02the same.
25:03Before
25:04they step
25:05into the
25:05chair,
25:06they say
25:07the right
25:07thing.
25:08They do
25:09the right
25:09thing.
25:10After that?
25:12Certain
25:12memory
25:13loss.
25:15Dato' Sri,
25:16thank you so
25:16much for joining
25:16us every
25:17year
25:17dekat
25:18malam-mal
25:19conference
25:19and especially
25:20World
25:20Forum.
25:20Dato' Sri,
25:21setelah-sebut memberikan
25:21pandangan dan juga
25:22your insights
25:23is very valuable
25:24insights of course.
25:25Thank you so
25:26much.
25:26I really
25:26appreciate.
25:27Sudah pasti
25:27kita ingin melihat
25:28bahawa ini adalah
25:29filosofi
25:29behind it
25:30and problem
25:31yang kita
25:31perlu ubah
25:32cara kita
25:32pandang
25:33suatu
25:33masalah
25:33tersebut.
25:34Dan juga
25:36semoga
25:37dalam kita
25:38mencipta
25:38peluang
25:38pekerjaan
25:39yang
25:39baharu,
25:39the next
25:40billion
25:40jobs itu
25:41memberi
25:41makna
25:41lebih mendalam
25:42kepada orang
25:43yang kita
25:44berikan
25:44pekerjaan
25:44tersebut
25:45dan buat
25:45dasar
25:46contoh
25:46bahagian
25:46isu
25:46sebenarnya.
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