00:02One of the biggest issues or one of the biggest challenges now is to figure out when the ice is
00:08going to be completely gone in summer months.
00:10Here people are using models and of course you get a huge wide range of different estimates.
00:18And it's so wide and so hard to tell because many of the processes that are driving changes, feedback mechanisms
00:27and so on,
00:29accelerating sea ice retreat are still poorly understood and that's why the models can be sometimes quite far off.
00:39There are a number of mechanisms that actually even accelerate this process.
00:43The ice albedo feedback is such a process.
00:47Albedo is a measurement of reflectivity.
00:51Sunlight bounces off white ice back into the atmosphere.
00:54It keeps the poles cool.
00:57Dark water absorbs heat, melting sea ice from below.
01:00Blue
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