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00:00Music
00:01Whistling
00:02Whistling
00:03Whistling
00:04Whistling
00:06Whistling
00:21There's a lot of flowers coming out, but I don't want to see the flowers.
00:23I'm going to put a lot of flowers on my side.
00:24I'm going to lay it on my side.
00:32Maybe I'll get a lot of flowers.
00:33I'm going to lay it on my side.
00:39Hello, welcome to Gardener's World.
00:42Now here in the Jewel Garden, at this time of year, when everything is growing very fast,
00:47actually it's standing upright, it doesn't need supporting, and that's part of the beauty.
00:52Everything just seems to be full of enough energy and vigour to support itself,
00:57and that looks as though it will go on being the case.
00:59But of course, experience shows that's not true.
01:02It would only take a really vigorous storm or even another few weeks of growth
01:07for things to start to flop and then break and fall.
01:11So a really good thing to do at this time of year is to stake plants that might need staking
01:17before they actually do, and that way you're never recovering from disaster.
01:22So this delphinium, for example, very often they're staked with canes.
01:26You can use string, you can use brushwood.
01:28And I like to use these metal supports that we make.
01:32We buy the wire, bend them round a log, and they last for years.
01:36Some of these I've had for about 30 years.
01:38And if I just go round it, just gently creating a support that isn't pushing the plant together,
01:47and it's not forcing it to do anything that it doesn't want to do,
01:52but providing a support if it needs it.
01:55And if you do it now, very, very quickly, it all disappears under new growth.
02:00No one can see it, but the plant can use it if needed.
02:05There you have to be There is.
02:20Shh!
02:21Go on!
02:21rhop, rhop, rhop!
02:23Rhop, Rhop, Rhop!
02:25You're dead.
02:35Come on, Ib.
02:45Here on the mound, we made changes over winter
02:47because we used to have two beds where the paving slabs are.
02:53But it was all a bit tight and constrained
02:55and you couldn't really see them, you couldn't get at them.
02:57And although I liked the contents of the beds,
03:00it wasn't working in terms of the space.
03:02So we've lifted all the plants, paved the area,
03:05so this is now a terrace.
03:07I've got two empty pots,
03:09so I'm going to plant them up just for this summer
03:11and make a summer display
03:12and then I can rethink the whole thing in the autumn.
03:16The colour theme here on the mound is pale blue and soft yellow.
03:22Now a big pot like this has a big hole
03:24and this is where crocs come in
03:26and this is perfect
03:27because if you're using any type of croc,
03:30it must be curved.
03:32It's no good having a flat croc
03:34because that will just block the hole.
03:36Something that will keep the compost from falling through
03:39but the water can get under and make its way out.
03:41So we'll put that over there.
03:43OK.
03:45Now I've made a special mix
03:46because the plants I've chosen
03:48are ones that thrive in relatively poor soil.
03:53So this is a mixture of peep-free compost,
03:59plenty of grit,
04:01a bit of recycled compost from last year's tulips
04:06and leaf mould and sieve garden compost.
04:14Now, obviously you can do a pot any way you want
04:17but it's not a bad idea
04:19to remember the three words
04:22a pillar, a filler and a spiller.
04:24And obviously the pillar
04:26is the central tallest element of the pot.
04:29The filler takes that middle ground
04:31and the spiller you put on the edge
04:33and, as the name suggests,
04:35can spill out over the rim of the pot itself.
04:39Now, for my pillar, I've got this.
04:42This is a Flomis russelliana.
04:44Soft yellow flowers,
04:45leaves coming from either side of the stem
04:48and then the flowers are layered.
04:50Really dramatic plant.
04:52They can grow four or five foot tall
04:53and I have them here in the borders
04:56so I'm recycling plants
04:57that I know like it in this spot
05:00and I know look really good
05:01mixed in with all the other plants.
05:04Now, for my filler, I've chosen a grass.
05:07This is Fistuca glauca, intense blue.
05:10Obviously, you can see
05:11we've got the yellow of the Flomis
05:12and the blue of the Fistuca glauca.
05:15And obviously a grass
05:17is the perfect filler, if you like,
05:19because it will keep going.
05:20As long as this has sunlight
05:23and really good drainage,
05:25it'll be happy.
05:27That one there.
05:30And that can go there like that.
05:34Now, my spiller,
05:35well, I have two, actually.
05:37This is a Petunia called Yellow Dream
05:39and I've also got a Lobelia, a Blue.
05:44Now, I always cram these.
05:49You're going for maximum effect
05:50for what is essentially
05:52a maximum of six months
05:53and probably more like about four or five.
05:56So don't worry about over-planting.
06:05Now, Adam moved to a new garden in the winter.
06:09We visited him back in March
06:10and now it's time to see how he's getting on.
06:20I'm full of excitement.
06:23It may not be obvious to the eye yet,
06:25but I really can feel the character
06:29of my new garden
06:30starting to reveal itself.
06:33Welcome back to my new garden,
06:36which, in all honesty,
06:37is still very brown.
06:39But I've been a busy boy
06:40since you were last here.
06:43If you remember,
06:44I inherited a blank canvas,
06:46just a sloping plot of land
06:48running down from the house to the river.
06:51Once I'd worked out what I wanted,
06:54it hasn't taken long
06:57to make some pretty big changes.
07:01The fence down the side is complete.
07:03Hardcore has been laid
07:05for what will be the terrace
07:06and different garden spaces have been levelled.
07:10I've planted loads of trees
07:12and even started work on the borders
07:14to get them ready for planting.
07:19Before we crack on with the borders,
07:21you might remember I planted a hornbeam hedge
07:24all the way down both sides of the garden.
07:26But I bought them as bare root plants
07:29and I'm chuffed to pieces with them.
07:31So really, this year,
07:32it's about keeping them well watered
07:35and then just keep this whole area
07:37clean of weed.
07:39But apart from that,
07:41they'll just be left alone
07:42just to let their roots into the ground.
07:45Right.
07:46Come on.
07:47We're going to crack on.
07:49Come on.
08:00There's a lot of conversation, isn't there,
08:02about no dig.
08:04But if you move into a new build
08:06or, like me,
08:09a site where you really have not got an idea
08:12what is going on,
08:14then to dig it
08:16just makes perfect sense.
08:18So, I use an old-fashioned method
08:21called single digging.
08:23I dig a trench
08:24that suspends depth
08:25and then I put that soil in a wheelbarrow,
08:28move it to the end of the border.
08:30And then what I do
08:31is I use well-rotted manure.
08:33I put in probably about 50 mil.
08:36But you can use your own compost,
08:38composted bark,
08:40and you create your next trench
08:42by turning and filling
08:45the one you've just created.
08:46And then you work your way back.
08:48So, I've done that
08:49and then I've just left it
08:51for the winter.
08:52And a lot of people will say to me,
08:53well, Frosty,
08:54why don't you just run a rotavator
08:55up and down?
08:56It'll be easier.
08:57The reason being,
08:59you see that,
08:59that is vineweed.
09:01So, if I cut that into
09:0330, 40-odd pieces
09:04with a rotavator
09:05and it gets buried in there,
09:07it becomes 30 or 40 plants,
09:10you know.
09:10So, it might feel
09:12as if,
09:13you know,
09:14it's hard work,
09:15but
09:15I know
09:17that by the time
09:18I, you know,
09:19I actually plant,
09:22I'm hopefully going to be
09:23near on
09:24weed
09:26and stone free.
09:30While the borders
09:30are going to provide me
09:32with colour
09:32and interest
09:34across the year,
09:35I've really been
09:36thinking about
09:37the gardening layers,
09:38starting with
09:39the tree canopy.
09:42I've actually planted
09:43nearly 30 trees
09:44in the garden.
09:46I keep them well-watered,
09:48not just this year,
09:49but next year as well.
09:51And there's no sense
09:53just coming out
09:54every day,
09:55giving everything
09:55a bit of a sprinkle.
09:57You'd better
09:57half an hour
09:58when you come home
09:59from work,
10:00fill the watering can up
10:01and do four trees
10:03really well
10:04and then the next day
10:05do another four trees,
10:07you know,
10:07and it doesn't matter
10:09if I don't come back
10:10to the first tree
10:11for probably
10:12four or five days
10:13because I've really
10:14soaked that soil.
10:16When it comes to
10:18designing,
10:19what I tend to do
10:21is choose
10:21the main tree
10:23and here
10:24it was the ginkgo
10:25and then once that's in,
10:27I start to build
10:28the other trees
10:29around it
10:30and I'm looking
10:30for different shapes
10:31and forms
10:32and I think
10:33that's not just
10:34in isolation
10:36in this garden
10:37that's then starting
10:38to look
10:38at what's in the distance
10:40so I can connect
10:41the garden
10:41to what's going on
10:42outside.
10:56When it comes
10:57to planting desire
10:58I always think
10:59about a garden
11:00as a woodland.
11:01It's got that upper story,
11:02that's the bigger tree.
11:03Around here
11:04you've got brambles,
11:05that's representation
11:06of the shrubs.
11:07And then you've got
11:08the ferns,
11:09the brackens,
11:10that is your herbaceous
11:11perennials
11:11and then at the moment
11:13around here
11:13you've got the bluebells,
11:14dasher bulbs.
11:15the easiest way for me
11:16to do it normally
11:18is yes,
11:19I do it on a plan
11:20but also in my own garden
11:23once my trees are in place
11:24and I'll imagine them
11:25at full height,
11:27full shape and form
11:29and then I just sort of react.
11:31So I work out
11:33where I might put shrubs
11:37and I'm thinking
11:37well I've got the height
11:38of the tree,
11:39shrub in there,
11:40that'll help bring
11:41that canopy down
11:43and then you come out
11:45and you have a look
11:46and think well
11:47if I went further
11:49down the border
11:52in there
11:53and then I'm sort of drawn
11:54into sort of here
11:56and alright
11:57it wouldn't be anything high
11:59so
12:01if I now
12:04just take that off
12:05you start to get
12:06a feel.
12:09let's just have
12:10one last look
12:13and yeah
12:14I think there's
12:17there'll be an opportunity
12:18for something
12:19maybe rounded
12:20about that height.
12:22It doesn't necessarily
12:23mean it's going to
12:24stay like that
12:25but it's a starting point.
12:28Around the front of the house
12:29there will eventually be
12:30a small courtyard garden
12:32but for now
12:33I'm planting up some pots
12:35with the Osmanthus
12:36Burkewoodyi.
12:37an evergreen shrub
12:39that has beautiful
12:40white scented flowers
12:42in spring
12:43and
12:44they don't mind
12:45being clipped.
12:47So the mix I'm using
12:49is
12:50peat free
12:51multi-purpose compost
12:53but what I've done
12:54is I've worked in
12:56a bag of topsoil.
12:58Anything
12:59I think
13:00that's
13:00more long term
13:01that's going to go
13:02in a container
13:03I like to add
13:04some soil.
13:06Let's see how
13:08hey look at that
13:10so now you can see
13:11this root system
13:12what I'm going to do
13:13is just slightly
13:14stir with a white
13:16fibrous root
13:17that will encourage
13:18the plant to put on
13:19more root
13:20which means it will
13:21stabilise quicker.
13:23We lower in
13:24so all I want to do
13:25is make sure
13:26there's no real
13:27air pockets
13:28so you can work
13:29that in
13:30with your hand.
13:38lovely jubbly
13:43that's that
13:45and now the fun bit
13:46I'm just going to go in
13:49the idea is
13:50it will look like
13:51these little series
13:52of clouds
13:53that give you
13:54sort of a real
13:57architectural backdrop
13:58really.
14:04there's something
14:06wonderful about
14:07the idea of
14:08creating something
14:10you know
14:10for your family
14:11and yeah
14:13I think
14:14it's going to be
14:15a special
14:15garden
14:16I really do.
14:52really good advice
14:53about working off trees
14:55and the final height
14:57but what struck me
14:58was all credit to Adam
14:59for single digging
15:00and I single dug
15:02this garden
15:03and it took me years
15:04and I know how much
15:05hard work it is
15:05and it's not very
15:06fashionable at the moment
15:07but sometimes you have
15:09to do it
15:09and investing in the soil
15:11is investing in the future.
15:40this is the season
15:42of cow parsley
15:43now cow parsley
15:45is I think
15:46the most beautiful flower
15:48in the world
15:50partly because it's lovely
15:52in its own right
15:52but also because of the way
15:54that it grows
15:55it forms this wonderful
15:57dancing froth
15:59and we're blessed
16:00to have it here
16:01in the garden
16:01but only because this floods
16:03and it brings the seed in
16:05and it does spread
16:06around the garden
16:07a little
16:07but not really
16:08as much as this
16:09so what I've done
16:10in the writing garden
16:11is inspired
16:12by cow parsley.
16:27now obviously
16:29to follow that inspiration on
16:31starting in February
16:34and carrying on into October
16:36or even November
16:37you can't just use
16:39umbrellas like cow parsley
16:41so we start off with bulbs
16:42daffodils and tulips in here
16:44and then we follow that up
16:47with leucodium summer snowflakes
16:50and they are beautiful
16:51but they are thugs.
16:55The snowflake is really happy
16:58in heavy clay
16:59in damp shady conditions
17:01so putting it in here
17:02was probably a mistake
17:04because despite its beauty
17:06what you get
17:06is a very, very long
17:09slow dying back
17:11these are the leaves
17:14of the snowflake
17:15and you can see
17:16they're the seed heads
17:18of the flower
17:18and these will stay
17:20looking green
17:21and strong
17:22for another
17:22four, five, six weeks
17:24which means
17:25they're filling the space
17:26so that's my fault
17:28what I'm going to do
17:29is take out
17:30half of the leucodium
17:31and I'll plant the bulbs
17:33into the orchard
17:34and that will create space
17:36that I can plant
17:37the amy
17:37and the wild carrot
17:38and also the lovage.
18:04So what I can do
18:05is just bundle these together
18:06like this
18:07stick them in an upcycled plastic pot
18:11a little bit of compost
18:12and when the leaves
18:13are completely dyed back
18:14you can then
18:15either dig them up
18:16and store them in somewhere dry
18:18and just have the bulbs
18:19or just label it
18:20and then come October, November
18:24then you can plant them out as bulbs
18:26when it's a lot easier
18:27and the really important part
18:29for any bulb
18:30is dying back
18:32the biggest mistake
18:34if you want bulbs
18:35to flower next year
18:35is to cut back the foliage
18:37after flowering
18:38because that is going to feed
18:39into next year's bulb
18:49this is a slow job
18:50because I want to make sure
18:52I'm not doing any damage
18:53but having started it
18:55I'll work through it
18:56over the next day or two
18:57and that will transform the garden
18:59now not very far from here
19:01down the south of the county
19:04is somebody who not only wants
19:06her garden to look good
19:08but she wants it to taste good too
19:16Wild food knocks cultivated food
19:18out the park for the nutrition
19:20it's delicious
19:23foraging just utterly connects you
19:25to nature
19:26and to plants
19:28in a way that nothing else does
19:31it's made me wonder
19:33once you get that
19:34once you get that spark
19:35of wondering about stuff
19:37then there's no better place to be
19:43I'm Liz Knight
19:44and this is my garden
19:46in South Harrefordshire
19:58this beautiful array of flowers
20:01is ground elder
20:02most people
20:04if they had it in their garden
20:05would rip it out
20:06before it went to flower
20:07which is a real shame
20:08you can either
20:10kind of curse it
20:11and kind of spend your life
20:13trying to get rid of it
20:14or you can embrace it
20:16not only does it create
20:17beautiful flowers in the garden
20:19it's also a really good
20:20cut flower plant
20:21it's also incredibly important
20:23for pollinators
20:23and delicious as a food
20:29ground elder has got a flavour
20:31that crosses between parsley
20:32and carrot
20:33it's got a tiny hint
20:35of kind of like lemony citrusiness
20:36to it
20:37so it works amazingly
20:38in any recipe
20:40that calls for parsley
20:42and one of the easiest ways
20:43to use it
20:44is to chop them up really finely
20:45and put them with lemon
20:47and garlic
20:48and pistachio nuts
20:50and then they make
20:51just a really lovely
20:52loose pesto dressing
20:53that you could put on things
20:54like roast carrots
20:56but you've got to get your head
20:58around the fact
20:58that it's not a fuggish weed
21:00that it's a beautiful thing
21:01and that will make it taste
21:03even more delicious
21:10it's really important
21:11that you take your time
21:13and you take voting
21:14and baby steps
21:15and you only pick plants
21:16you really really know
21:18so I always say to people
21:19you only ever pick
21:21really easy to identify plants
21:22don't ever take any risks
21:24with eating anything
21:25that you're not 100% sure about
21:29there are so many things
21:31that you can use
21:31to make delicious dressings
21:33for sort of salads
21:33so things like potato salads
21:35go really well
21:36with mustard family plants
21:39the kind of plants
21:40which grow
21:40kind of as wild plants
21:42in my garden
21:42are jack by the hedge
21:44it's otherwise known
21:46as garlic mustard
21:47it's got lots of different names
21:48all related to onion
21:50and garlic and mustard
21:51because it's got the flavour
21:52of all three of those
21:53in it
21:54and then on the other side
21:56of me
21:57are two other different types
21:59of mustard plants
22:00so here is
22:01you might recognise
22:03as honesty
22:03which has got
22:05lovely mauve
22:06kind of flowers
22:06and the whole thing
22:07again is edible
22:08so honesty
22:10has got quite mild
22:11tasting leaves
22:12and quite sweet
22:13mild flowers
22:15and then when
22:16the seeds
22:17suddenly emerge
22:18these seeds
22:19taste really
22:20really quite hot
22:21and then you can use
22:22those like
22:22the most powerful
22:24kind of wild equivalent
22:25of a wasabi
22:26if you like wasabi heat
22:28then you might really
22:30love this plant
22:30this is detanda
22:33and you'll often find
22:34it growing wild
22:35in coastal areas
22:38and if you try it
22:41after a few chews
22:47it'll make your mouth
22:48call in a really delicious way
22:58it's not just wild plants
23:00or weeds
23:00that you can forage
23:02huge amounts
23:03of the plants
23:03that we have
23:04in our gardens
23:05as ornamentals
23:05are actually edible
23:07and they've got
23:07a long history
23:08of being used
23:09as food
23:10one of the most
23:11delicious
23:12and oldest
23:13of plants
23:14that we've got
23:14in our gardens
23:15is roses
23:17and we have
23:18been eating roses
23:19for thousands
23:19and thousands
23:20of years
23:21every different
23:22type of rose
23:23has a different scent
23:24and a different flavour
23:26and they are all edible
23:27one thing I love to do
23:28with kind of
23:29especially large
23:30blousy ornamental roses
23:31is if you pick them
23:32whole
23:33you can put them
23:34in the freezer
23:34whole
23:35and they freeze
23:35perfectly
23:36and then when you
23:37want to use them
23:38you literally can
23:39just take them
23:39out the freezer
23:40and crush them up
23:41and they'll break
23:42into the tiniest
23:43flecks
23:44of pink
23:45but with beautiful flavour
23:46and you can stir
23:47those through fruit
23:48strawberries
23:48or cream
23:49and it adds
23:50a delicious
23:51really vibrant
23:52fresh flavour
23:52to things
24:07I often get asked
24:08by people
24:08when I'm teaching
24:09foraging courses
24:09I used to get asked
24:10do you ever get ill
24:11and then last year
24:13I found a lump
24:14and it turned out
24:15to be the lump
24:16you don't want to have
24:16so I had an early
24:17stage cancer
24:20foraging
24:20and just being
24:21in the garden
24:22even through the
24:23depths of winter
24:24I'd know
24:25helped me so much
24:27through this sort of
24:28ultimate kind of
24:29winter that I've had
24:30where I lost all my hair
24:32you lose your identity
24:33so I'd come out
24:34with my bald head
24:35in the winter
24:36and sit with the plants
24:38and like all the plants
24:39were tight in buds
24:40so my black currant bushes
24:42all had these little buds
24:43on them
24:43and I'd come up
24:44and find myself
24:45talking to the buds
24:46going in the spring
24:46we're going to be back
24:52fortunately my cancer
24:53is treatable
24:55but you still have to face
24:57in a way
24:57your mortality
24:58and I'm convinced
25:00that I was able
25:01to do it
25:02because I was able
25:04to get out
25:04into nature
25:10so these
25:11in my
25:12kind of
25:13veg plot
25:13are
25:14hostas
25:15that most people
25:16will have
25:16in their ornamental gardens
25:18rather than their veg beds
25:19but I grow them here
25:21because I eat them
25:24and amazingly
25:24I think that the slugs
25:26don't like to go
25:26for them so much
25:27because there's so many
25:28other plants around
25:29that they kind of
25:30get at
25:30so I tend to
25:31kind of do quite well
25:32with them here
25:34and hostas
25:35might not seem
25:36like a vegetable
25:37to most people
25:38in Britain
25:39but actually
25:39they are
25:40really delicious
25:41and they're a really
25:42commonly used vegetable
25:44especially in Japan
25:45it's the same
25:46family of plant
25:47as asparagus
25:48and when you cut
25:49into it
25:50you can kind of
25:50see the tenderness
25:52that you'd get
25:52when you snap open
25:53an asparagus
25:54and it's got a
25:54very very similar
25:55flavour
25:57and you can use it
25:58in an identical way
25:59so it's delicious
26:01steamed
26:02you know
26:02with a bit of butter
26:03it's also just lovely
26:05kind of chopped
26:05into things like quiches
26:07and the lovely thing
26:08about a hosta's
26:09variegation and leaves
26:10they will keep
26:11that variegation
26:12and they'll keep
26:12that pattern
26:13so you have the most
26:14beautiful food
26:15made from hosta
26:17but obviously
26:18you want to go for ones
26:19that the snail
26:19hasn't eaten already
26:21but there's not a lot
26:22better than getting
26:23your own back
26:24on the snails
26:25that eat all of your
26:25hosta
26:26by them
26:26eating the hostas
26:27first
26:27I think foraging
26:36has made me realise
26:37how incredibly
26:39beautiful the world
26:40is
26:42and how lucky
26:43we are to be here
26:44and it's made me
26:45feel incredibly lucky
26:48eating the plants
26:49which kind of
26:50want to grow around us
26:51and which are there
26:51voluntarily
26:52there's something
26:52that just really
26:54roots you
26:54to your landscape
26:56to your history
26:57wild food
26:58completely changes
27:00the flavours
27:01that you've got
27:02on your table
27:03and it makes
27:03how we eat
27:04hyper-seasonal
27:05you know
27:06kind of full of
27:07vibrant flavours
27:08and colour
27:08and beauty
27:09and you know
27:10kind of paired
27:11with a little bit
27:11of butter
27:12makes everything
27:13taste delicious
27:36there's a moment here
27:38there's a moment here
27:38it probably lasts a few days
27:40when this is one of the things
27:41I love most
27:42in the garden
27:42at this time of year
27:43two very ordinary plants
27:45you have two viburnums
27:47side by side
27:48this is viburnum opulis
27:50and this is viburnum placatum
27:54myrisii
27:55and the viburnum opulis
27:57starts out
27:57with slightly green
27:59just touched
28:00with green flowers
28:01which then become
28:02brilliant white
28:03sort of pom-poms
28:05almost looking like
28:06a hydrangea pom-pom
28:07and the viburnum
28:10placatum myrisii
28:11famously is in layers
28:13and also looking like
28:15hydrangea plants
28:16but this time
28:16very open
28:17with white bracts
28:19and then little yellow flowers
28:20in the middle
28:21and they're just perfect
28:23they're very simple
28:25but absolutely at their best
28:45this particular corner
28:46of the garden
28:46is the first to flood
28:48and so in a winter
28:49like the one we've just had
28:50this can be underwater
28:51for weeks on end
28:52and all the plants in here
28:54from the biggest tree
28:54to the smallest plant
28:57have to be able
28:59not just to cope
29:00with that degree
29:02of winter wet
29:03but also to thrive
29:04and as long as you
29:06bear that in mind
29:07you can use it
29:07to your advantage
29:24now this corner
29:27is north facing
29:29so it only gets
29:30dappled light
29:31at the best of times
29:32working its way
29:33through the high hornbeam hedge
29:34behind it
29:35I call it hosta corner
29:36because hostas love it
29:38and I've got on my hand
29:39Ligularias
29:40and wherever hostas are happy
29:42the chances are
29:43Ligularias are going to be happy too
29:44this is Ligularia the rocket
29:48and this is blessed
29:50with the name of Ligularia
29:52Przulskii
29:53and this of course
29:55has much more cup leaves
29:57and you can grow it
29:58for the foliage alone
29:59the foliage is great
29:59but the flowers are good too
30:00and these are ones
30:02with tall yellow flowers
30:05and they're wonderful
30:06for insects
30:08butterflies
30:09bees
30:10so you know
30:11there's lots to be gained
30:13from growing them
30:13as long as you don't expect
30:15them to perform
30:16in full sun
30:39with a plant like Ligularia
30:40and any damp loving plant
30:42when you buy it
30:43take it home
30:44and give it a really good soak
30:46either put in a bucket of water
30:48or a dish of water
30:49and leave it for
30:50at least half an hour
30:51and then drain off the excess
30:53before you plant it
30:56there we go
30:59I have to
31:07okay
31:12just like that
31:13that's beautiful
31:16the foliage will rise up
31:18above the line of the hostas
31:21and then in July and August
31:23it will throw up
31:24these tall spires of yellow flower
31:27that will be four or five foot high
31:30looking really good
31:31and completely happy
31:34in this shady damp corner
31:48now we're going to Cumbria
31:50to join a couple
31:52who are preparing plants
31:53very different
31:54to Ligularia's
31:55as they get ready
31:57for showing them
31:58at RHS Chelsea
32:06the Eureka's drying out very quickly
32:08we've got strong winds coming through
32:10last night we had a really bad northeasterly wind
32:13blowing like a tumble dryer
32:16we find the wind
32:19quite a challenge
32:21the wind
32:25I find David's grumbling about the wind
32:28an even greater challenge
32:34I'm David
32:36and I'm Gail
32:37and we've been gardening here at Summerdale house for the last 30 years
32:42it's in the Southlake district
32:49when we came here
32:50the garden was overgrown
32:52with brambles
32:53and hadn't been gardened
32:54for about 40 years
32:56no that's right
32:56so that's when Gail started
32:58propagating plants in earnest
33:00so we could fill the garden
33:02with plants
33:02and then we kept getting
33:05more and more plants
33:06that were too many
33:08to sell a garden open day
33:09so that's when Gail
33:11took the decision
33:12to open a small nursery
33:14and then David decided
33:17he'd take early retirement
33:18and join me
33:22my daughter gave me
33:24a couple of named auriculars
33:26and the obsession just grew
33:29and grew and grew
33:32until we've ended up
33:35with over 500 varieties of auriculars
33:42oh dear
33:47the auriculars are divided
33:49into different categories
33:50best known category
33:52is probably the alpine auriculars
33:54and that's subdivided
33:55into light-centred
33:57and gold-centred auriculars
33:59and then border auriculars
34:02which are ones that have been grown
34:05for a long time
34:06in cottage gardens
34:07then double auriculars
34:09and then there are
34:12the show auriculars
34:13and they're divided
34:14into ones called selfs
34:17which have solid petal colours
34:20stripes
34:23and edges
34:30well there are so many beautiful flowers
34:32and what's my favourite today
34:33won't be my favourite tomorrow
34:34that one's called strawberry fields
34:37and that's quite a nice one
34:42that's one of my all-time favourites
34:44it's called twiggy
34:45it's a pale yellow self
34:52these are all the plants
34:541,600
34:56that we have collected
34:59as potentials for showing at Chelsea
35:03it's a misconception
35:04that auriculars are tricky to grow
35:06there are two things
35:08they really hate
35:10one is the midday sun in summer
35:14and the other is
35:15to get very wet in winter
35:18so they can be grown in the garden
35:20although in Cumbria
35:21it's a bit trickier
35:22because we have a very high rainfall
35:25we grow all ours in tunnels
35:27we put shading over the tunnels in summer
35:30but we take it all off in winter
35:32and at the end of the day
35:33an auricula
35:34it's an alpine plant
35:35so we just don't like to be too wet
35:38in the winter
35:46like all primulas
35:48auriculas are susceptible
35:49to vine weevil
35:51root aphid
35:53and various other diseases
35:55so potting them into fresh compost
35:57every year
35:57helps to reduce the number of diseases
36:00and also you get more plants
36:07I think the challenge
36:08with showing auriculas at Chelsea
36:10is generally
36:11they would have finished
36:13by the time of the Chelsea Flower Show
36:15so we're doing everything we can
36:17to try and keep back as many we can
36:19that are still in bud
36:21and hopefully show a wide range
36:22of all the different varieties
36:24so people can see what's available
36:26and we're using every trick in the book
36:29tried or untested
36:31to see if we can
36:33achieve that
36:43these have been sat in the fridge
36:45all for a good couple of months now
36:48no light or anything
36:49just 4 degrees constantly
36:51and they sort of
36:53are just sitting there
36:55once we get them out into the light
36:57it's a bit of sun
36:58hopefully they'll open normally
37:01but the key thing is deciding
37:03when to take them out
37:04which is a bit unfathomable
37:13people are used to seeing
37:15the very grand displays at Chelsea
37:16and I think we wanted to try
37:19and do something a little different
37:20whether the public and the judges
37:22will like that we don't know
37:23but we wanted to make it more approachable
37:26and on a scale
37:28that people can see
37:29for themselves
37:29how they might
37:30display auriculars
37:32in their own garden
37:33rather than in a very formal
37:35formal setting
37:36however small it is
37:39been nervous for about
37:41the last two months
37:45anxiety dreams
37:46it'll only get better
37:50I worry about whether sheep
37:51are going to break into the nursery
37:53which they do from time to time
37:54and eat all the auriculars
37:56I'm not kidding
38:00let's find the wind picks up
38:02just before a show
38:03to stress things
38:05and then
38:06yes and the sun comes out
38:07so everything gets dry
38:09and
38:10and then you have snow
38:11you don't
38:17let's have piglet
38:18put piglet in there
38:38then there's the worry
38:40provided we get enough plants
38:42that are in perfect flower
38:43for Chelsea
38:44just getting them down
38:46from here
38:46to Chelsea
38:47people will use things
38:49like refrigerated transport
38:50but because they're
38:51a fairly small display
38:52it's not really practical
38:54for us to do that
38:55so
38:55we're going to cram them
38:56all into the back of the car
38:58turn the air conditioning
38:59on full
39:00charged down there
39:02as cold as possible
39:04and then hopefully
39:05they'll make it to the show
39:07I don't know
39:08I might have a jacket
39:29I'm not sure I envy David and Gail's journey down
39:32from the Lake District
39:33with the car as cold as possible
39:35to keep the auriculars looking really good
39:37but I'm sure it'll be worth it
39:38and I will go and see them
39:40at Chelsea
39:40next week
39:56now here is a comparison for you
39:58in this bed
39:59are planted
40:00charlotte potatoes
40:01I chitted them
40:02planted them out at Easter
40:04I also planted radish in there
40:06which is why it's covered with radishes
40:08which I have to say
40:09are ready to eat
40:11but the potatoes in there
40:12are
40:14you'll see about that much growth
40:16but it's good and sturdy
40:17and completely healthy
40:19within minutes of planting these
40:22I had a couple of sea potatoes left over
40:24which I put into a pot
40:26this pot
40:27and look at the difference in growth
40:30now this has been in the wooden greenhouse
40:33not heated
40:34but just in the greenhouse
40:36and that much protection makes a huge difference
40:39it's just dramatically ahead of the others
40:42these now are rather floppy
40:44I'm showing lots of leaf
40:45those are good and solid
40:47and just beginning
40:48but this needs earthing up
40:50earthing up is something you do for two reasons
40:53one
40:53because if potatoes are exposed to light
40:55they turn green
40:56and that's poisonous
40:57so you earth them up
40:59to make sure that they're all covered
41:01and that certainly would be the case in this pot
41:03the other reason is
41:05particularly for early potatoes
41:06is if there's a risk of frost
41:08that will kill any top growth
41:09so if you protect it with soil
41:12that protects the growth that's there
41:14and that very quickly grows through the soil
41:16at this time of year
41:17not much risk of frost
41:19but there is a slight risk
41:20certainly in the pot
41:21of tubers being exposed
41:23so I'm going to earth it up
41:24and earthing up is dead easy
41:27I've got a bucket of normal potting compost
41:29and I'm just going to pour it in
41:32to bury the stems that are there
41:36now just lift that up a bit
41:41they actually need quite a lot of space
41:44so in a pot that size
41:45two is plenty
41:48now let's pull up some radish
41:53see these radish
41:54I sowed exactly six weeks ago
41:56so it's really the quickest harvest
41:58you can get in the vegetable garden
42:00I will wash these
42:01and then eat them
42:03and actually the french way of eating them
42:04with a dab of butter
42:06absolutely delicious
42:15I've got some leeks here
42:17which I sowed actually last year in December
42:21leeks do very well from seed
42:23and there are two ways of planting them
42:24you can either plant them individually
42:26which is the conventional way
42:28and the way I was brought up to do it
42:29however
42:30I have over the last sort of five or six years
42:33been growing my leeks
42:34in pots
42:35in blocks
42:37and I scatter the seed
42:39and in some cases
42:41you know
42:41there are three or four
42:42in a pot
42:43other cases
42:43just one or two
42:45but the idea is
42:46you plant each pot
42:48and bury it
42:49a little bit deeper
42:50than it is in the pot
42:51and you dig up a clump of leeks
42:53and you still get
42:53decent sized leeks
42:55but it's easier to harvest them
42:58so
42:58if I just space these out
43:01like that
43:06let's make sure that they're equal
43:08either side of the board
43:10which is really useful
43:14so a nice deep hole
43:18pop that in there
43:19bury it well
43:20and then cover it up
43:22everything above ground
43:24will remain green
43:25everything below ground
43:26will be white
43:28this is a variety called lance here
43:30you can harvest these
43:32well
43:33as early as
43:34late July
43:35whereas most varieties
43:37are for autumn and winter
43:39but it's not too late
43:40to sow leeks
43:41and if you want to sow leeks now
43:43do so
43:44you can sow them outside
43:45in a drill
43:46you can sow them inside
43:47but don't sow them into a seed tray
43:49if you're going to sow them inside
43:51sow them straight into pots or modules
43:54because they do need depth to their roots
43:56and then you lift them
43:58and plant them out in a wider spacing
44:00now I'm spacing these out
44:02about six inches apart
44:13okay I will get the next tray in
44:15and while I'm doing this
44:16we're going to join Francis
44:17who's visiting a garden
44:19with a very particular approach
44:21to horticulture
44:28I've always been drawn to gardeners
44:30who see the world a little differently
44:32that curiosity has brought me to
44:34Waltham Place in Berkshire
44:35220 acres
44:37where every decision
44:39is guided by the quiet
44:40unseen rhythms
44:41of biodynamics
44:44Andre Tranquilini
44:46leads his team
44:46in a way that defy
44:48many of horticulture's
44:49familiar rules
44:50there's an air of mystery
44:51to biodynamics
44:52a sense
44:53that it's as much about spirit
44:55as it is about soil
44:59I've come to uncover
45:00what that really means
45:01in practice
45:02so Andre
45:04what is biodynamic garden?
45:05we are creating
45:06a self-sustaining garden
45:08where all the different elements
45:10are in synergy
45:11are in balance
45:12instead of weeding things out
45:14immediately we allow things
45:16to express themselves
45:17that's so interesting
45:18so you let the garden
45:19in many ways
45:19choose how it is
45:21finding the
45:23how much to interfere
45:25finding that language
45:26you know
45:27that conversation
45:27with the garden
45:28that's what we're encouraging
45:29all gardeners to do
45:31you know
45:31learn from the land
45:32not impose too much
45:35it sounds like
45:36it's quite complicated
45:37it is not
45:39it's a lot about
45:40common sense
45:41what is complicated
45:43actually
45:43is to be able
45:44to step back
45:45and develop
45:46those intuitive skills
45:48as well
45:48to allow the garden
45:49to speak
45:50can we have a look around?
45:51yeah let's explore
45:52okay
45:57it seems every ornamental garden
45:59here reflects
45:59this return to nature
46:02and a gentle step
46:03away from strict formality
46:06but one space
46:07more than any other
46:08captures the spirit
46:09of this approach
46:13so this is the potager
46:16this is gorgeous
46:19there's so much happening
46:21we love it
46:22look at it
46:23there's just so many flowers
46:27wow
46:27it's incredible
46:32how much is planned?
46:35this garden
46:36is naturally evolving
46:38of course
46:38it has been gardened
46:39for hundreds of years
46:40so there's some of that
46:42you know
46:42inheritance still living
46:44yes
46:44we tend to plug in
46:46a few annuals
46:47here and there
46:47but it's mostly
46:48self-seeded
46:49we're really allowing
46:50this garden
46:50to express itself
46:51yeah
46:52and that's what it's doing
46:53it certainly is
46:55it's absolutely beautiful
46:56you have
46:57what a lot of people
46:58would call weeds here
47:00so there's buttercups
47:01and docks particularly
47:02and yet they sit
47:03in this landscape
47:04so beautifully
47:05especially that dock
47:06the colour of it
47:07it's beautiful isn't it
47:08absolutely
47:09you know
47:10everything is playing
47:11a part here
47:11and if we're constantly
47:14intervening
47:14and cutting things back
47:16we don't learn
47:17what is the role
47:18so in biodynamic gardening
47:19we allow plants
47:20to express their true nature
47:22this is obviously
47:23a big
47:24very full space
47:25yeah
47:25it could be quite daunting
47:26but it feels like
47:28this could be
47:28applicable on a smaller scale
47:30as well
47:30absolutely
47:31and from all
47:32of our gardens
47:33this is the one
47:34we think
47:35that you know
47:35people can take
47:36some of these ideas
47:37and implement
47:38and implement at home
47:39yeah
47:43over in the kitchen garden
47:45there are over 60
47:46varieties of veg
47:47from things like
47:48crystal lemon cucumbers
47:49to chard
47:52Andre's team
47:53use a number of techniques
47:54to fine tune
47:55the way they work
47:56with their crops
47:57one of the main things
47:58I know about biodynamics
47:59and I don't fully understand
48:00it is
48:01with biodynamic gardening
48:02there's an element
48:03where you're doing
48:04your gardening tasks
48:05according to the lunar calendar
48:06but could you explain
48:08how that works
48:10absolutely
48:10with biodynamics
48:11we're always trying
48:12to optimize
48:13the resources
48:14that are available to us
48:15as we know
48:16the moon
48:17has got an influence
48:18on tides
48:18has got an influence
48:19on water
48:20why would not have
48:21an influence
48:22on plant sap
48:22on plant growth
48:24so we tend to
48:26sow our seeds
48:26just before full moon
48:27so leading up to that
48:29including the full moon days
48:30one can really see
48:32increased germination
48:33really amazing vigor
48:35the other aspect
48:36that we're looking
48:36is when to transplant
48:38so the calendar
48:39for two weeks of the month
48:41suggests
48:41it is ideal transplanting time
48:44in the northern hemisphere
48:45that is because
48:46the moon
48:47is getting closer
48:48to the earth
48:50so the gravitational pull
48:51is different
48:52so it's an ideal time
48:53for roots
48:54to develop
48:56what would you say
48:57to somebody
48:57who was a little bit
48:58skeptical
48:59try it out
49:00experiment with it
49:02start recording
49:03the results
49:04and just see how it feels
49:05and the results
49:06that you get
49:07can I see some
49:08of this produce
49:09yeah let's see
49:13look at this Francis
49:15oh wow
49:17isn't this great
49:18oh they're absolutely perfect
49:20can you tell
49:21the difference
49:22between a biodynamically
49:23growing vegetable
49:23and another
49:24one of them
49:25I can hear
49:26as you
49:27as you
49:27take them out
49:28what that
49:29they're rustling
49:30squeaking
49:30yeah
49:32I'm just trying
49:33desperately not to
49:33pull out other ones
49:34as I'm figuring it out
49:35no go for it
49:35yeah but it's exactly
49:37that
49:37the vitality
49:38on the leaves
49:39you know
49:39the sound
49:40that's something
49:41I always want to hear
49:42on a leafy vegetable
49:43we work with
49:45open pollinated seeds
49:46we produce
49:47all our compost
49:48we also make
49:49our own foliar feed
49:50we use things
49:51like nettle tea
49:52corn fruit tea
49:53as well
49:54so there's a variety
49:55of methods
49:56that we use
49:56that can definitely
49:57help with quality
49:58yeah
50:02another key principle
50:03of biodynamics
50:04is community
50:04Andre fosters
50:06that spirit
50:06bringing the team
50:07together
50:08often to nurture
50:09the land
50:09and their connection
50:10to one another
50:12so what's happening
50:13here today then
50:14well today
50:15we've got a really
50:16favourable time
50:17for planting
50:18a whole lot of
50:19golden chamomile
50:20or dyer's chamomile
50:21Anthemis tinctoria
50:23we're growing this
50:24for biodynamic
50:25certified textiles
50:27oh wow
50:28so clothes are going
50:29to be dyed
50:29with this
50:30with these
50:31single crop
50:32it's a little bit
50:32monotonous
50:33so what we try to do
50:34to shake it up a bit
50:35is plant our diversity
50:37islands on the ends
50:38of the bed
50:38we are trying to
50:40encourage all sorts
50:41of predators
50:42and wildlife
50:44and insects
50:45to be around
50:46the plants
50:46to be able to help
50:47with things like
50:49aphids
50:50and different types
50:51of pests
50:54seeing how Andre
50:55and the team
50:55work so closely
50:56with nature
50:57to create a thriving
50:58balanced space
50:59really makes me wonder
51:01about what this could
51:02mean for our own
51:02gardens
51:04and where we might
51:05begin
51:06I would encourage
51:08people to start
51:08by composting
51:09looking at that
51:10nutrient cycle
51:11and ideally addressing
51:13that from within
51:14the garden
51:15and I am aware
51:16that for small gardens
51:17that can also be an issue
51:18not having enough
51:19material at the right time
51:21so I would encourage
51:22people to join
51:22local community
51:23composting schemes
51:24and collaborate
51:25with neighbours
51:26and finding ways
51:27to compost together
51:28as well
51:28and secondly
51:29start to increase
51:31in the biodiversity
51:31of the garden
51:32it is our main tool
51:35to prevent issues
51:36with pests and diseases
51:37so we tend to say
51:39at least
51:39you know
51:4020% of a productive space
51:43should be set aside
51:44for biodiversity
51:49It's been so fascinating
51:51meeting Andre
51:52and hearing all about
51:53his ethos
51:54and how he works
51:55within that
51:56biodynamic system
51:57and if there's one thing
51:58I've taken away
51:59from what that means
52:00it's working with the rhythms
52:03that nature has anyway
52:05if we slow down
52:06and observe
52:08rather than always
52:09feeling the need to act
52:10then that will do the same thing
52:12and if we don't go
52:13the whole hog
52:14into biodynamics
52:16I think those little lessons
52:18can be wonderful places
52:19to start
52:20within our own gardens
52:50I'm not just tidying up
52:51I'm actually harvesting
52:53a crop
52:54well actually
52:54not a crop
52:55harvesting a feed
52:56for plants
52:58because nettles
52:58make really good plant food
53:00because they're very high
53:01in nitrogen
53:02just gather them up
53:05like this
53:09pop them in there
53:17right
53:17that'll do
53:18for the moment
53:18because
53:20this is not an end
53:21in itself
53:22but stage one
53:23of a process
53:38right Ned
53:39this is how we make nettle feed
53:41okay
53:42pay attention
53:44you need to cut it up
53:46as small as you can
53:47this is where the shears come in
53:48the side won't do this job
53:49very well
53:50so I just literally
53:51you can do this in a bucket
53:53you can do it
53:54in a barrow like this
53:55but chop it up
53:57with a pair of shears
54:00and the reason why
54:01you chop it up
54:03is because you're increasing
54:04the surface area
54:04and then it'll break down quicker
54:07when you put it into liquid
54:13okay that'll do
54:17gloves on
54:19you need a bucket
54:21or a truck
54:34now having filled the bucket
54:36as full as you can
54:37what you want to do
54:38is then cover that
54:39with water
54:49and go on until you can see
54:50the water rise up
54:51to the surface
54:56perfect
54:58put that somewhere out the way
55:00where it's not going to be disturbed
55:02and leave it for three to four weeks
55:05at the end of that time
55:07strain it off
55:08and what you have
55:09is the feed
55:11you then dilute
55:13and what it is
55:14it's a high nitrogen feed
55:16so the beauty of nettle feed
55:18is it encourages growth in plants
55:20not flowers
55:21not fruit
55:22or even particularly root growth
55:24it encourages green growth
55:27not only are you clearing nettles
55:29where you don't want them
55:30but you're putting them to good use
55:35if you've got some nettles
55:36I would highly recommend
55:37that you make some nettle tea
55:39this weekend
55:40if you haven't got nettles
55:42you're not off the hook
55:43because here are some more jobs
55:45for the weekend
55:59if like me
56:00you have dahlias
56:02temporarily growing in pots
56:04but you can't plant them out
56:05because either you don't have enough space
56:07or where you live
56:08there's still a risk of frost
56:09it's a good idea to pinch out the tops
56:13cutting down to a pair of leaves
56:15and this will encourage the plant
56:17to produce side shoots
56:18which in turn will carry more flowers
56:21and also means that
56:23although it will delay flowering
56:24by a week or two
56:25it will extend flowering
56:27in early autumn
56:28by up to a month
56:37carrots grow very well in a container
56:40as long as it's deep enough
56:41and has drainage holes
56:44fill it with a free-draining compost
56:46and in practice
56:47that means adding some grit or sand
56:49to a peat-free compost
56:50sprinkle the seed lightly on the surface
56:53cover them over
56:54using your fingers
56:55or a little rake
56:56and then water
56:57and they should germinate
56:58in a couple of weeks time
57:09all clematis are growing very fast
57:11but in particularly
57:12the late flowering ones
57:13group three
57:15they do become self-supporting
57:17once they reach a certain height
57:19but the new shoots
57:20are very fragile
57:22and can easily break in a wind
57:25so tie them up carefully
57:27using soft twine
57:28so as not to damage them
57:29and within a week or two
57:31they should be entirely self-supporting
57:48what do you have got
57:49was that good
57:51yeah
57:51come on
57:56brilliant catching
57:57you're such a good catcher
57:58look at that
58:01I have to say that this goes on at breakfast every single day.
58:05I'm trying to eat my toast and marmalade and this ball is put in my lap,
58:10usually slightly slimy.
58:13Now, I won't be here next week because it is the RHS Chelsea Flower Show
58:20and I and most of the team will be there all week.
58:24The first programme is on Sunday and it runs every day till the following Saturday.
58:31Masses to see, it's one of the great highlights of the year, so do join us there.
58:36And I'll be back here in a couple of weeks' time.
58:40Until then, bye-bye.
58:57Bye-bye.
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