- il y a 2 mois
From Leo To Mars: Expanding Humanity’s Horizon
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00:00Sous-titrage MFP.
00:44So, the space theme, you know, what we're going to do in this panel is build on the conversation
00:51with some kind of a little expansion aspect to it and a little bit of some of the same
00:56kind of coverage.
00:58This was a last-minute edition where I'm here, so I'm still catching up on what we're supposed
01:02to do.
01:03But I think we're going to do what we did in the last panel, too, which is to introduce
01:06the conversation by introducing our panelists.
01:10I almost forgot that part.
01:12And then leading into a couple of introductory videos.
01:14So, I'm honored to have, again, a very, very distinguished panel.
01:19To my right, we have Barbara Belvisi, who's the CEO of Interstellar Lab, and that's a pioneering
01:25sustainable life support technologies company that we're very excited to see in Texas every
01:30so often.
01:31And then in the center here is Drew Feustel, who's an astronaut from NASA, but he's the chief
01:38astronaut at a company called Vast, and we're going to hear a little bit more about that,
01:41too.
01:42And he's had 225 days in space.
01:45Anybody here can beat that?
01:48I don't think so.
01:49And then to my far right is Lucy Campagnolo.
01:53Lucy is the CEO of Space Founders, which is a space accelerator supported by Connect by
02:00Kness program that Jean-Marc alluded to a little bit.
02:03I think Interstellar Lab is the first video up, so I don't know if you wanted to introduce
02:08the video, Barbara, or we just showed the video.
02:10We can just go.
02:11So, if you wouldn't mind queuing up the Interstellar video, and I hope it's the right one.
02:19There we go.
02:21Imagine a future.
02:24A future full of life.
02:28On Earth.
02:31And beyond.
02:35What if we could use the same technologies?
02:41To preserve life on our planet, and recreate the perfect conditions for life to thrive in
02:52space.
02:55So we can become multi-planetary, expanding Earth's life to the space stations, on the moon, and
03:08towards Mars.
03:11At Interstellar Lab, we develop intelligent biospheric systems.
03:21To protect life on our planet, and expand it to the stars.
03:29Welcome to a new world.
03:44Same question.
03:45Drew, do you want to just run it, or do you want to see if you want?
03:47No, we can just run it.
03:48The story kind of tells itself.
03:49Thank you.
03:49And if we can please run the vast video, please.
03:59We're at a point in history where we have never seen this much investment and activity in human
04:05space flight ever.
04:07We're on a trajectory that puts humans in space permanently.
04:12The next big thing in space isn't just getting there, it's learning how to stay.
04:18With the International Space Station due to be retired in 2030, we believe it is up to
04:25us to solve for this future.
04:28That means building dedicated space stations for private and government astronauts.
04:35Expanding access to low-Earth orbit, and pushing even further, building human habitats for Mars.
04:43It is very important, not just for the future of humanity, but the future of Earth, that we
04:48do our best to preserve it.
04:51Part of that story is actually getting humans off of Earth in a meaningful, long-term way.
04:57No one has ever built a commercial space station.
05:00That changes with Haven 1, America's next space station, and the world's first commercial space station.
05:11It's hard to imagine how different it's going to be from the experience right now at the International Space Station.
05:17In 2026, a crew of four will visit Haven 1 for two weeks, launching and docking aboard the proven SpaceX
05:25Dragon spacecraft.
05:27It's important for humanity to get out into the stars.
05:30I think this is good, not only economically, but just good for the human spirit.
05:33Humans need a frontier and something to explore.
05:36We will be pioneering in space manufacturing, unlocking new industries only possible in microgravity.
05:44Our unique strength lies in our strategy, building fast and keeping costs low, with an unwavering focus on human safety.
05:55We know we can do it, and we're doing it in unprecedented time, probably five times faster and five times
06:01lower cost than anyone else has built a space station module.
06:04Right now, there are nearly a thousand experts at VAST who are designing, building, and preparing for Haven 1's first
06:12crewed mission in 2026.
06:25We're doing something historic.
06:26This will be the first commercial space station.
06:28This is going to be a very big leap for humanity.
06:30The timeline is definitely ambitious, but it should be ambitious.
06:33It must be ambitious.
06:34There is no doubt in my mind that we are going to do this.
06:38Join us in pioneering the next giant leap for humanity.
06:58Now, to be fair to my friend Lucy, we called Lucy in at the last minute, so Lucy doesn't have
07:03a video.
07:04But, Lucy, maybe you can take a minute or two to say a little bit about Space Founders to introduce
07:08what you're working on.
07:09Sure.
07:10First of all, I'm very, very happy to be here, even if it was last minute.
07:14My topic of today, it's a little bit less sexy, but I think it's key and fundamental for those brilliant
07:20minds with me to achieve their mission.
07:23I run Space Founders, which is the venture arm of the French space agency.
07:28So, in a nutshell, we detect all over Europe, mostly, new startups, innovation, technologies that can have an application for
07:37the space industry.
07:38And we also try to finance them, which is a topic, I think, that we can discuss.
07:42And what's important here is that everything that has been presented in this movie cannot be achieved without a lot
07:52of small and interesting products, components, semiconductor, solar panel.
07:59And this is something that it's sometimes forgotten in the space endeavor, but it's supporting, I would say, the project
08:07presented here.
08:09Thank you.
08:09Thank you.
08:10And, again, one of the elements we're going to focus on in this conversation is the kind of human aspect.
08:17You know, the space is a lot of different things to a lot of different people.
08:20All of it's important.
08:21All of it feeds into this mission of exploring the universe.
08:24But we're going to really think a little bit about the support of the humans and what we need for
08:30that to work, whether it be in low-Earth orbit, going to the moon, or onto Mars.
08:34So, Barbara, how are innovations like the ones that Interstellar Labs are enabling, how are those innovations enabling sustainable life?
08:43Humans are a real pain in the neck when it comes to space, and my friend here can testify to
08:48that.
08:48They take a lot of work.
08:51But, Barbara, how is Interstellar Labs helping that?
08:54How are they helping accomplish that larger-scale mission?
08:57So, what we're trying to do at Interstellar is bring a little bit of Earth life into space.
09:04So, we specialize in developing AI-controlled farming systems that will create ideal conditions for life to grow.
09:10So, we don't take care of humans directly, but we do take care of plants and the microorganisms that live
09:17with plants.
09:18And the general idea behind the company, so we've been around since 2018, 2020 in France, and the general vision
09:26is how we can develop a bio-regenerative life support system.
09:31So, how by integrating plants and bringing back plants into the life support system for the astronauts, we can recreate
09:39self-sustaining station on Earth orbit, on the moon and Mars, most importantly.
09:45Well, there's also a mental health aspect of being able to do that.
09:48Exactly.
09:49Well, there are a lot of stories about astronauts growing plants hiding from the NASA camera.
09:58And they grow very well in the space station.
10:00Like, the level of CO2 is super high, so it actually accelerates plant growth, and they don't have to fight
10:04against gravity, so they grow faster.
10:09And one astronaut friend was telling me the story where they were hiding by the cameras and just, you know,
10:15competing between astronauts to figure who got the fastest-growing kale.
10:20It's not that sexy as a plant, but you can eat it.
10:23But there's a story happening in the space station, yes.
10:26And, Drew, I mean, of course, the kind of professional astronauts like yourself are very heavily trained.
10:32They're very big, detailed selection process to make sure that we get the right people who can deal with the
10:39stresses and many different kinds of stresses.
10:41So, with VAST, of course, you're looking to bring in regular people, you know, private citizens up to space.
10:49So, how – I know we saw some of it in the video, but how is VAST pushing that envelope
10:56and advancing that access to the regular, you know, citizen of planet Earth?
11:01And particularly if we're thinking about going on to Mars as well.
11:04Yeah, that's a great question.
11:06I would say that for us, the private market is part of our client base or intend to be, but
11:13also sovereign nations.
11:14So, with ISS being decommissioned, our ultimate push is to replace ISS and be the ones that win that contract,
11:22that ability to have NASA and other sovereign nations as tenant customers and be a service provider to those organizations.
11:29So, we'll start with Haven 1, which is what we saw in the video, and we'll launch that next year.
11:34And so, we're intending to rapidly create a low-Earth orbit platform to allow people to come and continue that
11:41research.
11:41In terms of training for professional agency astronauts, NASA is still the gold standard, and training around the world is
11:49based on that sort of a model.
11:51We've seen private astronaut missions over the last few years to the ISS.
11:54Those are short 10-day missions.
11:57The training that those crews underwent was somewhat of a subset of what NASA astronauts or other agencies with developed
12:05space programs have.
12:07And that's largely because they spend such a short amount of time, and they're essentially guided by escorts who have
12:13previous spaceflight experience to help them with their experiments and their research and get them up to space and home
12:19safely.
12:20So, we're intending to follow the same model.
12:22We'll have an abbreviated training plan for our Haven 1, but our primary focus is to allow sovereign nations with
12:29astronaut programs to be our primary tenets, and that will lead us into the next development, which would be the
12:35replacement of ISS with a much larger spacecraft.
12:38Right.
12:38Great.
12:39And, Lucy, I mean, I think you talked a little bit about this in your introduction, but, you know, how
12:45is space founders pushing this private space innovation, and particularly in the context of, you know,
12:51perhaps we'll talk to you on this a little bit later too, but, you know, low-Earth orbit and then
12:55potentially beyond.
12:57It's a broad question, I would say.
13:00When you look a little bit at the essence and what is venture capital, it's basically to support, like, moonshot,
13:07like innovation in an untapped market, so to say.
13:10And here, when we see these two projects, I don't see something more, you know, in line with that kind
13:15of mission to take the risk, you know, to be able, of course, with financial support, but not only.
13:22We do a lot of, I would say, technical support to introduction, to help for partnership.
13:28So, it's a very complex question.
13:31I think it brings us to really what's the essence of our role to help the innovation and not look
13:38at those projects with a very, I would say, analytic way, because it's different.
13:44Because there are some unknown, because it's an environment that has been untested.
13:49If we speak about Mars, like, how do you take the risk as an investor to support a project on
13:55Mars?
13:55It's a real question.
13:57I'm obviously, and this is why I'm here, I'm more on the side that we should do it.
14:00That is our role, especially on some project with a mix between public and private money.
14:07But more than that, you need to understand the constraint.
14:10And this is why having astronauts in those companies that have lived, you know, exactly what does it mean to
14:17have a product in space.
14:19You cannot describe it if you don't, I think, if you haven't lived it.
14:24It's key to develop, to iterate, to test, and to have a project that can, at the end, go to
14:31low Earth orbit, obviously, Moon, and maybe Mars.
14:35Thank you, thank you.
14:38So, Drew, you touched on this a little bit, again, in the video, and in your answer.
14:42So, you're helping to support sovereign nations to, you know, but their astronaut programs across the world are very good.
14:50You said NASA's the gold standard.
14:52ESA's doing a lot.
14:53They recently selected a new class.
14:55You know, the Chinese have got astronaut programs, the Russians, and so on.
14:59But as, how does it differ?
15:01Can you say a little bit more about how it differs in the private context, again?
15:05Because there are, and I presume you're also planning to take up private astronauts.
15:10They may not be in the kind of ship-shape health that you might have been when you get selected.
15:15So, how does that kind of shape itself as we go forward?
15:19Part of that starts with assessing, you know, what are the requirements that you need from an astronaut?
15:24Of course, with NASA and government astronauts, we need some very strict standards.
15:29We need some long-term indications of what health the astronaut is going to be in and what the challenges
15:34the astronaut might face because of being in space.
15:37And so, we hold a very high standard from a health standpoint.
15:40For shorter missions, especially for Haven 1, they're 10 days long, so that those requirements can be reduced significantly.
15:47And similarly, with the training flow, you know, for a typical mission, as a NASA astronaut, I would train for,
15:52you know, my first mission, the Hubble Space Telescope mission.
15:56That was a three-year training plan for 13 days in space.
15:59That's a long time to train.
16:02Second mission was about a year and a half for, you know, 11 days in space.
16:07And then the final mission for six months was about two years, so 24 months.
16:13We can reduce the 10-day missions for private astronauts, what we've seen in the past, is to roughly a
16:2012-month training period.
16:22But within that training, the equivalent of probably actually about five months of concentrated focus training.
16:30So, the time period is a year, but over the course of the year, you probably do about five months
16:35of actual training.
16:36And the reason we can do that is because the systems are becoming more automated.
16:40We're creating a human-centric spacecraft, meaning instead of just creating ISS as a completely, as a scientific platform,
16:49we're doing the same thing but automating many of the systems that normally we would have to take care of
16:53while we're on orbit.
16:55Also, for astronauts living on the ISS, it's really critical to have very clear knowledge and in-depth knowledge of
17:03all the systems on the spacecraft
17:04because when those things break, we're there to repair them.
17:08Haven 1 and vehicles that will follow that have more reliability from a lot of those systems.
17:14We've automated a lot of the complex tasks that we hadn't in the past.
17:18So, that allows us to reduce the training flow and allow astronauts to focus more on the experiments
17:23and the research that they've brought with them that actually is what makes the space flight meaningful and makes the
17:28platform valuable
17:29from a sense that we can carry out research, the things that are important for learning to live in space
17:33and also making life better on Earth for products, product development.
17:38And eventually, I think what we'd all like to see is that low-Earth orbit becomes a manufacturing center,
17:43a place where we can develop products that are created in a way that is more beneficial to the product
17:50and the people that use them.
17:52So, that's the ultimate goal.
17:53And so, we can reduce some of the requirements on the astronauts for fixing the spacecraft
17:58and allow them to do the work they need to do.
17:59And that fits in a smaller time frame.
18:01Right.
18:02Yeah, and coming back to you, Barbara, I know, again, you know, we talk about, I think for this audience,
18:07some of them may know a lot of the vernacular and some of them may be new to it.
18:12But they're all, everyone's here is because of this sheer amount of innovation that happens at VivaTech
18:16and these different ideas that are coming from all over.
18:20So, maybe talk a little bit about what Life Support System is and what kind of innovation that we already
18:27had.
18:27We don't have to go into the bathroom stuff again.
18:30But, you know, what kind of things from the Life Support and Interstellar Labs participation in that,
18:36where does that fill in?
18:39Well, just to give a word on the private, so we are a startup.
18:43We're around 40 people.
18:45We've been around for a couple of years now.
18:47And we finance by mostly, I will say, high net worth individual family offices and a little bit of deep
18:54tech fund.
18:55And so, we have to find, it goes back to your question, but we have to find a business model
18:59as well.
19:00Because when you go to investors and you're like, hi, I want to build a greenhouse on the moon and
19:05Mars
19:05because I believe the future of Life Support System is bioregenerative.
19:10They're like, I have no clue what you're talking about.
19:13So, the business that we have on Earth, and it's actually, we have a demonstration here at VivaTech,
19:18is in collaboration with Cosmetic Company where we use the farming system that we imagine for space
19:24and we apply that to grow plants on Earth.
19:27And so, going back to the Life Support System, what we do most specifically is that we,
19:33at the company, what we are good at is designing structures, modules.
19:37We have smaller one, we have larger one.
19:40We put inside a bunch of, you know, hardware, atmospheric, hydraulic, a lot of sensors,
19:46and then we have an AI that is recreating the condition and managing what's happening inside our structure.
19:53So, think of it as not as complex as a space station.
19:56And because, actually, plants are much easier to handle than humans.
20:03Yeah.
20:04And pretty much.
20:05They don't make a lot of drama.
20:08And I'm kidding.
20:10But, yeah, so, a life support system is just recreating the biospheric condition.
20:15Because, so far, the only planet that we know of that is capable of generating life is the Earth.
20:21And Earth has a biosphere.
20:23And the biosphere is a thin balance between all the living organisms on the planet
20:28and, you know, how we are protected, we're protected from this deep space.
20:34And so, there is this, how do you recreate the atmospheric conditions, so the composition of the air,
20:39how do we create the variation in humidity, in lightning, the variation in temperature.
20:46And so, that's what we do, is those contained environments where we play with all the conditions so we can
20:53grow life.
20:54And so, on Earth, it's pretty obvious.
20:56It's like advanced indoor farming solution.
20:59And there are tons of application.
21:02And in space is how you, first, microgravity is research.
21:07So, the partnership that we have with Vast, we integrated some of our small system into even one lab.
21:14And we're actually flying next year for three years, orbiting around the Earth,
21:19and being able to conduct some research experiments on how plants behave in microgravity.
21:24And that's the first step towards making life multi-planetary.
21:28And then we think how we can adapt our system so we can bring a greenhouse on the surface of
21:32the moon.
21:33And so, we study.
21:34So, it's, again, low-gravity environment, much harder than a space station to be on the moon.
21:40But same concept.
21:41What we're bringing is really those containers where we will be able to grow life
21:45and eventually plug them into the life support system for the human.
21:50because plants capture CO2, release O2, and produce food for the humans.
21:56Humans need water, oxygen, and food.
21:59And when it comes to bringing things in space, you want to bring less and recycle more.
22:03So, that's the approach of a bioregenerative life support system.
22:07No, and I think that's really important for those of you who don't follow all this business.
22:11And that is that we're trying to get to a closed-loop system like on the space station, but we're
22:17not there.
22:18And so, pushing those technologies where we can really...
22:21Because it's fine if you can send up an Uber Eats or something.
22:25You can send up a delivery vehicle with the supplies you need.
22:28But as we go further afield, being self-sustaining becomes important.
22:32And then that's when a lot of these technologies fit in.
22:34So, slightly different version of that question, Lucy, because I know you support a lot of companies in your endeavor.
22:40A lot of them are pushing the envelope on some of the space things.
22:43And I know a lot of them are focused on things like telecommunications or propulsion in low-Earth orbit.
22:50Whether you fund them or not, do you see an increase?
22:53Are you seeing any increase or any interest in companies with human in-the-loop type technologies?
23:01You know, things that might support the kind of missions that we've been talking about?
23:05That is a great question.
23:07I would say that I've seen some...
23:10I won't say trends, but we see a bunch of companies, you know, emerging.
23:13And I have an idea of why is that.
23:16Five, six years ago, lots of companies doing space for terrestrial application.
23:22For several reasons.
23:24First of all, it's very important for us to be able to detect climate change or fire and so on.
23:30Second is that the market is here, it's existing, and it's something that is quite...
23:35It's not easy because space, it's absolutely not easy.
23:38But it's understandable for the rest of the world who are part of this industry.
23:43We have seen more and more space for space project,
23:46meaning we need to be able to go in orbit, to move, to do some action in orbit, for example,
23:53to repair some parts, to communicate together.
23:56So we have this whole low Earth orbit, sorry, project that are emerging.
24:02And I've seen quite recently, and I think it's very linked to both the awareness of the public
24:08about astronaut and exploration.
24:10We have lots of communication, I would say, on various missions in the U.S.,
24:14but also in Europe, but also in Asia.
24:17And it's inspiring people to go further.
24:20And what I see, it's serial entrepreneurs that have started a company in a completely different field.
24:26Maybe people here in VivaTech that have done retail, that have sold their company,
24:30and they say, okay, I want to do it, you know.
24:33I want to go in that direction with human.
24:38And I would like to be part, I would say, of something that is, it's bigger than us in some
24:43sense, as people.
24:45So to answer your question, yes, I see more and more projects, more and more ambitious.
24:50We can, I mean, we have some examples here.
24:54We have seen, for example, a private company trying to go on the moon, which is quite a recent trend.
25:00It was really only the space agency doing that kind of project.
25:04And I suspect that it's going in that direction a little bit further,
25:09but always with the idea of how can we have a return on Earth?
25:14How can we improve life on Earth?
25:19How can we contribute to different, I would say, altitude of the humanity?
25:26And it's something that is really, really trending right now.
25:30So I always, they put this clock right in front of us for, you know, just to threaten us and
25:34scare us.
25:35We have a very limited time.
25:36So maybe we have some quick answers to this question.
25:39Because, again, this was touched on in the last panel.
25:42But, you know, the private companies are stepping up
25:47and creating these new economies and looking at these new technologies.
25:51So maybe, Barbara, again with you, and again, please, quickly,
25:54what new business models, in your mind, are driving the space economy?
26:00Well, if I look at the way we are collaborating with VAS,
26:04I like the business model that you guys have by integrating solution company like us.
26:12And basically, together, we commercialize mission.
26:17And so, in this case, what we're going after is not only space agencies,
26:22so they can conduct research in microgravity, but it's also private companies.
26:27And to that end, the work that we've been doing, of course, with the cosmetic company
26:32and L'Oréal, IFF, Firmenich, but other companies as well,
26:36then it's very interesting for us because then we can also present the opportunity
26:40to do research in space.
26:42So the new business model, I think, for companies like us is to terrestrial application
26:47and bringing to your terrestrial customer the access to space
26:51in an integration and partnership way.
26:55We're not paying for the flight.
26:57We're integrating our system into VAS system,
27:00and then, together, we're building mission with our customers.
27:03So that's very new, I think, for the space economy.
27:07Andrew, maybe your contribution to that part of the conversation, too,
27:11is we try to develop a sustainable economy,
27:13which is crucial for the business, the commercial companies,
27:18to survive and grow.
27:21Yeah, exactly.
27:21So I'm sure Vanessa Waisch mentioned it.
27:23You know, NASA's mandate for at least the last decade
27:26has been to enable a low-Earth orbit economy
27:28and to enable a cislunar economy.
27:30What we've seen through the history and existence of NASA
27:33is that eventually they cannot continue to do more than one big project at a time,
27:38and that's because of funding and budgets.
27:40We see much more strain on that budget now,
27:42especially with some of the new changes with the administration,
27:45and we see some budget effects there.
27:47So what's really important is that VAS, a company like VAS, our company,
27:51wants to be that service provider,
27:53and so we're taking steps.
27:55We have some excellent funding in place
27:57to allow us to create the opportunities
27:59and create opportunities for a low-Earth orbit platform
28:02to be first into space,
28:03and we hope that will lead us into the second phase.
28:05But we're not the only ones competing,
28:07and so this is an economy for everybody to sort of step up
28:12and show what they can do
28:13and prove their capability and their technology,
28:15and we'll see how it all plays out in the end.
28:18But what's great is that we are creating that competition.
28:20We're creating opportunities for technologies around the world
28:24to engage with us and other companies,
28:25so they're growing their economies as well,
28:28and it creates jobs, and it creates spending,
28:31and so we create an economy that is reliant on itself to keep going.
28:36So we're really excited about being at the center of that
28:38and hopefully being in the front of the pack to make it happen.
28:44And Lucy, I left the hardest part of this question for you,
28:46and I didn't give you much time to answer it,
28:48but again, as somebody who tries to fund
28:51and look to the future for these technologies,
28:54what are a couple of the key challenges
28:57that would prevent this or encourage it,
29:00particularly if you're trying to scale a little bit further
29:03in terms of distance,
29:04and I'll give you 30 seconds to solve that problem.
29:08Okay, three key challenges to scale on Mars.
29:10That's the question, are we correct?
29:12No, we mentioned it.
29:13First of all, sustainable business model.
29:15Right now, there is very few opportunity
29:18to have very high networks,
29:20and we're able just to fund the projects.
29:22So we need to be smart.
29:24We need to have really this dual view
29:26to see what can be beneficial for exploration,
29:29what can be beneficial on Earth.
29:30Second, it's technical complexity.
29:32Yes, we are talking about startup.
29:34We can have great idea,
29:35but at the end, it's hard.
29:37So you need to be able to do it.
29:40Like, it's great to have a project.
29:41It's not easy.
29:42There's lots of engineering support
29:44to be able to achieve,
29:46and it's still not something that is easily doable.
29:50And this is why it's interesting.
29:52And third, I think it's a talent.
29:56You need to have, like, people that are motivated,
29:58that are sharing, you know, the same vision,
30:00that are able to work with you.
30:03You need customers that are understanding what you're doing.
30:05Maybe this three point won't lead you on Mars,
30:08but at least it's the start.
30:09All right.
30:10So now you have 10 seconds each.
30:13And this was a script I was given, right?
30:15So don't blame me.
30:15We have 10 seconds each.
30:17One bold prediction for space exploration
30:19in the next decade.
30:21And I'll just go this way.
30:22Barbara, one bold prediction in 10 seconds.
30:24Bold prediction.
30:27A rose on the moon?
30:28Oh, yeah.
30:28A rose on the moon.
30:29100%.
30:30And we'll start with a rose on VAST, I hope.
30:35True.
30:35I have to say that my bold prediction is that VAST will be the ones
30:39to be the service provider for all space agencies,
30:42but also that we will eventually develop nuclear electric propulsion systems
30:46to get us farther, faster.
30:49We'll see.
30:49Okay.
30:50I'm going to be very more grounded.
30:53No, I think we need a woman on the moon.
30:56We need a woman beyond.
30:58We need to inspire.
30:59There is a lack, I'm sorry, of diversity.
31:01It's not the case on this panel.
31:02I'm very happy that we need to have all talents coming in.
31:06My bold prediction is women on the moon.
31:13One of the best things about working in the space industry
31:16is the sheer amount of passion that people bring to it.
31:19And I think you've seen that from our three panelists again this afternoon.
31:24So again, we're done.
31:25Please join me in thanking our distinguished panel.
31:32And we'll get up and exit space, but thank you all.
31:36And thanks for being here.
31:38Thank you.
31:39Thank you.
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