00:00Aujourd'hui, je vais parler de quelque chose, je veux dire, de vrai problème, de quelque chose grande.
00:06Et je dois faire une confession.
00:09Je suis une grande partie de ce problème.
00:14Vous appelez ce problème global warming.
00:18Et je n'étais pas seul dans ce problème.
00:22Mais allons-y prendre mes chiffres.
00:25So, first, I'm a geologist.
00:28Nothing wrong about being a geologist, except that I started my career in seismic exploration,
00:35which means finding oil and gas resources.
00:38So, I have millions of tonnes of CO2 emissions on me.
00:43Add to the fact that I was travelling a lot.
00:48And then, you know that nobody can beat me in this room.
00:53Second problem.
00:54I am a father of three.
00:57So, that means I am actively part of global population increase,
01:02which means global energy demand increase, which means today CO2 increase.
01:09And last but not least, I am the founder of a 20 people start-ups named Spotlight.
01:16That, yes, is doing CCS surveillance, which means that now I try to recover my past CO2 emission,
01:24but still it's a start-up.
01:25That means I need to pitch to my investor that I'm doing a business that will grow.
01:32So, here is the challenge, the impossible challenge.
01:36How to make global population increase, meet the energy demand,
01:42make economical growth without boosting CO2 emission into the atmosphere?
01:50And I have only five minutes for that.
01:53So, let's see how I can do it.
01:56First of all, this is simply impossible.
02:02We are emitting too much CO2, 53 billion tons a year.
02:09So, when you heard people saying net zero by 2050, that means 50 billion tons.
02:16That's a lot.
02:19Can we do it?
02:21Let's look at the graph.
02:23This is the CO2 emission since 1815.
02:29Take a look to it.
02:31Yeah, we are slowing the increase, but we are still increasing it.
02:38Do you really think that these curves will go down now?
02:42So, for those who are very optimistic, and believe me, I am,
02:46I will remind you one first world.
02:50This one.
02:52There is somebody that is saying that,
02:54and this guy is in charge of the world leader economy.
02:59So, with this kind of statement, with this kind of dilemma,
03:03we cannot, and I tell you bold, we are incapable as humankind
03:08to decarbonate our industry to the pace we should.
03:13So, we can't not create CO2 molecule.
03:21But if you are depressed, I will give you a hope.
03:25If we can't eliminate the creation of new molecule of CO2,
03:31maybe we can eliminate their emission into the atmosphere.
03:36How can we do that?
03:37Well, this is what we call carbon capture and storage.
03:41Instead of capturing, of emitting the CO2 into the atmosphere,
03:45we will capture it where it is highly concentrated,
03:49siderurgie, cement factory, gas power plant.
03:54We will capture it, transport it, and store it into the ground
03:58with the hope that it will stay for millennium into our ground.
04:03It works for oil and gas, why not for CO2?
04:06After all, this CO2 is coming from the underground.
04:10The oil we burn, the coal we burn, the cement we made,
04:13is coming from our feet, from below our feet.
04:16So, making it back to where it belongs seems logic.
04:21That's a scheme of how we do it.
04:23Indeed, to make sure that it stays into the underground,
04:26you need to monitor, and that's where monitoring comes into place,
04:30and that's what we are doing in Spotlight.
04:33So, maybe one of the questions you ask yourself is,
04:35yeah, but is it working and can it be enough?
04:39So, to that question, I would say that, yes, it is working,
04:42and the industry is doing it for the last 25 years,
04:46and is there enough poor space, so space into our ground to store it?
04:50We can store 40 times the total water of all the oceans of the planet into our feet.
04:58So, definitely, there is enough space.
05:02So, we need to leave and to make a knowledge transition
05:06between geologists like me that were used to oil and gas industry,
05:11from an extractive industry toward a waste management industry.
05:17And now, instead of monitoring to optimize the CO2 resources,
05:22the oil and gas production,
05:23I need to monitor to avoid CO2 leak back from the subsurface into the atmosphere.
05:31So, how I will do that?
05:33Well, that's the core of Spotlight.
05:36So, let's look to a normal business decision on CCS.
05:43So, an operator that is willing to store CO2 will make billion dollar decision,
05:48because that's what we are talking about, billion dollar decision,
05:53based on the estimation of this amount of CO2 we can store into the ground,
05:59and how fast we can store it, that's for the revenue,
06:01and also the risk management to avoid the CO2 to come back.
06:06With that, which is what we call a numerical twin or a dynamic model,
06:13you can make this forecast.
06:14And if you're happy with that, you convince your management for final investment decision,
06:18and you knock on the door of the government, the regulator, to say,
06:22please, give me a garbage so that I can store my trash, CO2.
06:27And you get a permit.
06:28So, that means there is billion dollar decision that are made simply on digital twin,
06:36without a single molecule of CO2 injected into the ground.
06:41And that will interest financing people, bank, subsidies, insurance company,
06:48certification company, regulator, and operator.
06:52The simple idea we had in Spotlight was to say, let's validate.
06:58Let's use this digital twin and with a flow model to validate with a big data and mathematical algorithm
07:07that what you say will happen is happening, and if not, send an alarm.
07:11With this big data approach, we are capable of decreasing by a factor of 10 the amount of cost
07:19and environmental footprint of the monitoring solution compared to normal solutions.
07:24On top of that, which please my investors, we are capable of working on the 100 years of CCS CO2
07:32storage lifetime.
07:34From the pre-appraisal time where we help our clients to optimize their spending,
07:40thanks to a monitoring strategy that is targeted, to the support to the regulation approval,
07:46down to the injection phase where the revenue comes,
07:50and we are talking here about recurrent revenue using our software,
07:55down to the post-closure part, which is where the liability of CO2 stay,
08:02and that's where we do CCS secures.
08:05And indeed, the rest is out. I will be retired and we don't need to monitor.
08:09So to summarize, if you believe that this is a power point, we did it several times.
08:17We did the first CO2 monitoring in EU Project Greensand, this nice picture,
08:22the first one in UK, and we are working on all the continents.
08:26So this solution is already active, one of the reference solutions,
08:30and that's the step change we are doing into this market.
08:34Merci beaucoup.
08:35Merci beaucoup.
08:36Merci beaucoup.
08:36Merci beaucoup.
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