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Future of Supersonic Aviation Frankfurt-Dubaï in 1h30
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00:00All right, let's stay within this realm of going fast.
00:04But right now we're going to go really, really fast.
00:08We're going to go from fast and actually beyond supersonic.
00:12Those who remember Concorde,
00:16that was Paris to New York in four hours.
00:19With hypersonic technology,
00:21you can now do Paris to New York in one and a half.
00:25A company, Destinus, is developing a plane that can do it.
00:34And they tested it two weeks ago.
00:36It works.
00:37Here to tell you more is Martina from Destinus.
00:47Hello, everyone.
00:48So I'm Martina from Sweden.
00:51I live in Switzerland.
00:51I must admit that I have a little bit of a travel bug.
00:55I love going to new exotic places,
00:58seeing different environments, cultures, and people.
01:02And this is something that I love doing.
01:04But it takes me a very long time to fly intercontinentally.
01:08So if I want to go all the way to New Zealand,
01:11I actually looked it up.
01:12It's going to take me 30 hours to go there.
01:14And I need to take between three to four different flights.
01:18So that's not ideal.
01:19And I'm sure many of you share with me the love and passion for traveling
01:22and how you would like to go to these exotic places,
01:26but that it's quite far away to go there.
01:29There has been a lot of developments in the aviation industry.
01:33And thanks to airplanes,
01:34we can actually reach these far-off places.
01:36It makes the world a lot more connected than what it ever was before.
01:41We can go to practically every country around the world.
01:44But another issue is that it emits a lot of carbon dioxide emissions.
01:50About 2.5% of all carbon dioxide emissions
01:54comes from the aviation industry.
01:55And this is something that we want to change at Destinous.
02:04So we are building a new type of aircraft
02:06that is a sort of a mix between a rocket and an airplane.
02:10It's an airplane that can fly at hypersonic velocities,
02:14five times the speed of sound.
02:16So it means that you can get all the way from Paris to New Zealand
02:21direct flight in just four hours.
02:23That is the goal.
02:25That's what we're trying to do.
02:25And we're doing this by leveraging the unique properties of hydrogen.
02:31So hydrogen is a clean fuel.
02:33It doesn't emit any carbon dioxide emissions when you combust it.
02:38And you can also produce it in a clean way.
02:40Hydrogen is the core thing of our technologies.
02:42We're also developing some infrastructures that relate to hydrogen
02:45and some other technologies relating to gas turbines,
02:51storage tanks, as well as propulsion systems.
02:56And because travel is such an important thing for us people,
03:00there were actually 4 billion people that traveled in 2019.
03:04And there's going to be an additional 4 billion people traveling by 2035.
03:09And we see that there's more and more people wanting to go to far-off places.
03:13So this is something that we really want to make a difference in,
03:17in the aviation industry, because we need to make it clean.
03:19And we also need to make sure that people are able to connect more.
03:25So with hydrogen, I also want to mention that 75% of the mass in the universe
03:31consists of hydrogen.
03:33So it's an abundant resource.
03:35You can get hold of it from splitting water into H2 and O.
03:40And if you do that with renewable electricity,
03:42you're doing it in a sustainable way.
03:44And then when you combust it, the main outcomes that you get from that is heat and water.
03:50So we are using hydrogen not just for that, but also because it's highly efficient.
03:54It's three times more efficient than the normal jet A fuel that is used in airplanes today.
04:00So when it comes to long-range mobility, not just for airplanes,
04:03but also for trucks or marine vessels or buses, hydrogen is a really good fuel to use.
04:10We see that in other mobility sectors, there has been a lot of development in terms of speed.
04:15When it comes to trains, they are traveling 10 times faster than what they did in the 1950s.
04:20But when it comes to airplanes, they are still traveling below the speed of sound,
04:25except for fighter jets and the Concorde that we had for a few years.
04:29But we don't have any commercial airplanes today that are traveling above the speed of sound.
04:34We have optimized the airplanes, the arrow shape, the way that they fly,
04:39so that they are perfect for subsonic transportation.
04:42But we have not yet optimized it for supersonic transportation.
04:46And that's why the Concorde had some issues in terms of staying around
04:50due to the costs and other problems as well.
04:53So now is the time to really innovate when it comes to speed in the aviation industry.
04:59We are building this new aircraft.
05:01It looks a little bit different than the ones that you've seen before.
05:04And as I mentioned earlier, it's a mix between a rocket and an airplane
05:08flying at extremely high altitudes between 30 and 40 kilometers.
05:12So that's three to four times higher than what normal airplanes fly at today.
05:17And we're developing it so that it can fly at extremely long ranges,
05:2122,000 kilometers, to be able to go nonstop to the other side of the world.
05:28This is what it looks like on the inside.
05:31We have a few different technologies that we are developing in-house
05:34in order to make this possible, including the hydrogen storage tanks,
05:38as well as the propulsion system.
05:39We are using conventional jet engines.
05:43And then we are developing afterburner technology
05:45to get up to supersonic velocities, as well as ram jets to excel even beyond that.
05:50And we're doing a lot on the structural and material side, as well.
05:55The shape of the aircraft looks a little bit different than what you've seen before.
05:59It's called a wave rider.
06:00And the benefits of this shape is that it has this curve
06:05that helps you ride the shock wave that comes from flying at supersonic or hypersonic velocities,
06:12which means that you're increasing the lift.
06:14And that way, you can decrease the fuel consumption and get the more efficient flight.
06:20In terms of the propulsion system, it will be fully fueled by hydrogen
06:24from takeoff all the way to hypersonic velocities using conventional turbojet engines
06:31converted to hydrogen and then ram jets that we are developing in-house.
06:38We are also implementing an active cooling system.
06:41This is a patented technology, and you can see it at our booth, D-52,
06:45if you want to touch and feel the technology.
06:48This has liquid hydrogen on the inside.
06:51It's because when you fly at hypersonic velocities,
06:53you're reaching about 1,000 Celsius in terms of the heating.
06:58So you need a way to reduce the heat so that you can use conventional materials,
07:03metals in particular, to build the aircraft in.
07:06So we're using liquid hydrogen at minus 250 degrees Celsius
07:09to decrease the heat of this vehicle.
07:14So what have we done so far?
07:16We have already started flight testing of our prototypes,
07:20and I'm going to show you a video now of one of our prototypes that we flew last year.
07:30This was our second prototype that we built.
07:32It's a 10-metre vehicle, and it's been flying several times at an airport near Munich.
07:38It was built to test out the arrow shape and how it acts in subsonic velocities,
07:45as well as to test other types of technologies that we're putting on board.
07:48And we're collecting a lot of data in order to go and move ahead to the next prototypes
07:53that will be even faster and bigger.
07:59We've done this one several times, and we have learned a lot from this experience
08:04in terms of the flight testing and in terms of the infrastructure that we need at the airport as well.
08:13This one here is fueled by Jet AFUEL, and recently we had a milestone
08:21where we flew with hydrogen for the first time just two weeks ago.
08:24So that was a very big achievement for us,
08:27and this is something that we're moving towards scaling in the next year.
08:32So we have developed a lot of the technologies in-house already.
08:35Beyond the two prototypes that are flying,
08:38we have also set up a test facility in Switzerland
08:40where we are testing with hydrogen right now,
08:43and we're going to be expanding this infrastructure.
08:45We're also doing another test facility in Spain,
08:48and we're doing a pilot airport where we will be putting the refueling infrastructure,
08:53the storage of hydrogen, and deal with the handling in France.
08:57So that's where we're going to be flying our next prototype.
09:04So this is a video of our hydrogen test that we did last year,
09:08and it's the start of our journey to get to large-scale engines
09:16that can get up to hypersonic velocities.
09:19This engine in particular was put in the vehicle that flew two weeks ago
09:23that hit the hydrogen milestone,
09:25and it's going to be 10 times that size next year.
09:29We are developing the infrastructure, as you see here.
09:32This is the one in Switzerland,
09:34and we are working on a larger facility in Spain together with the government there.
09:39We got some government contracts in order to achieve this.
09:44Our first product, Destinous S.
09:47It's a 25-seater aircraft that we're looking to introduce in the early 2030s,
09:52and it can fly you from Paris to New York in one and a half hours.
09:56So we're flying three times faster than the Concorde with this vehicle,
10:00and we're looking at having a range of about 10,000 kilometers,
10:04which can also get you from Paris to Dubai in about one and a half to two hours.
10:11So who's the team behind this?
10:13We are 140 people in the team.
10:15We are based in Switzerland, France, Germany, Spain,
10:21and also recently the Netherlands
10:23because we recently acquired a company there
10:25that is in the energy sector developing gas turbines.
10:28So we're also generating revenues now, which is great.
10:31The company has existed for two years, so we're quite young,
10:34but we're moving at hypersonic speed in terms of our developments as well.
10:38We raised the 50 million euros in private funding
10:42and about 10 million in public investments,
10:44and now we're also making a few millions in revenues.
10:47Our plan is to do some products and services,
10:52continue on this in the short term
10:54so that we can have more revenues,
10:56both for the aerospace industry, mobility sector, and the energy side.
11:02And if I can leave you with one message,
11:05that is that I challenge you to imagine the future that you want
11:08for yourself and for your children
11:11and to go ahead and build it.
11:13No matter how complex it is,
11:15if you make one step towards making this future a possibility,
11:19it's already a win.
11:20Thank you.
11:24Thank you, Martino.
11:25Great.
11:26Awesome.
11:28All right.
11:29Questions?
11:30I'm going to start off with a question.
11:32So we had a discussion yesterday
11:34about obviously the challenges that you're facing,
11:36and obviously when you upscale this
11:39and you have fleets of these things
11:40taking people overseas very, very fast,
11:45there's this issue of the sonic boom.
11:47You know, if you have like multiple aircrafts
11:49over big cities making these huge, huge noises,
11:52already people are making a lot of complaints
11:54about the noises living around airports.
11:58You know, life is very difficult.
12:00Even stories of people walking around their homes
12:03with noise cancellation earbuds in, right?
12:05So this is loud, right?
12:08So what do you have to say?
12:10Yeah, this was one of the challenges,
12:12one of the main challenges that the Concorde had.
12:14So for you who know the Concorde,
12:16it was a supersonic airplane
12:18that mainly flew between London and New York
12:20and Paris and New York.
12:22And why it flew these routes
12:24was because it didn't get the approvals
12:27to fly over populated lands due to the sonic boom.
12:31So the sonic boom is a very loud sound,
12:33sounds like a thunder.
12:35When you are flying above the speed of sound,
12:36it's generated.
12:37And it can, it's quite annoying for your ears
12:41and it can also make some issues with the buildings
12:44and potentially make some cracks
12:46if you're flying at a low altitude.
12:48We're going to try to decrease this as much as possible,
12:50but it's unavoidable.
12:51So our solution is to fly over unpopulated areas,
12:55including oceans and deserts,
12:56in order to reach our locations.
12:59So flying all the way to New Zealand,
13:01as I mentioned earlier,
13:02you would have to fly below Africa
13:03or above Scandinavia to get there over the oceans.
13:07And that's why hydrogen is also a great fuel
13:09because of the long range
13:10that you can achieve with this fuel.
13:12Yeah, but already these Atlantic and Pacific routes
13:14would be very lucrative.
13:16There's more and more people who will be taking.
13:18So great.
13:19Yeah, you have a question, please.
13:21Hello, thank you for your presentation.
13:24I have a question concerning mostly the concept.
13:28There was a Swiss company that was called S3 or S-Cube,
13:35if I remember.
13:37And their concept was they attach the hypersonic aircraft
13:42or hypersonic space launcher to the aircraft
13:47that was a carrier that lifts it on the altitude of 10 kilometers
13:52and then it detaches it and it goes up.
13:57And this...
13:58Like a carrier?
13:59Yeah, it was a kind of a carrier.
14:02Yeah, like Virgin Orbit.
14:04Yes, exactly.
14:05And the advantage of this technology was that,
14:09of this concept,
14:11was that you need much less fuel
14:14to lift the aircraft from the sea level,
14:20from the ground,
14:21because it already has some speed
14:23and it already has an altitude.
14:28And what was the decision behind
14:30that you don't use the aircraft as a carrier
14:34and you lift the aircraft from the ground?
14:40Directly from the ground?
14:42Okay, so clearly it was a transition
14:43between when you needed a carrier
14:45to get it off the ground.
14:45Now, what was the decision to make it be able
14:48to lift it off the ground by itself, I suppose?
14:51Yes, thank you for the question.
14:53If I remember correctly,
14:54they were focused on the space industry
14:56and getting satellites into orbit,
14:57which is a little bit different
14:58in terms of the fuel efficiency that you use.
15:01They were comparing vertical launch
15:03with horizontal launch.
15:05and we're only focusing on horizontal launch
15:07because we're doing Earth-to-Earth based
15:09and we're flying at 30 to 40 kilometers.
15:12So we're staying within the air breathing field,
15:14which means that we don't need rocket engines
15:16and carry liquid oxygen on board of vehicles.
15:18So it's a little bit different industries.
15:20We were looking into initially having a vertical takeoff
15:25and then a horizontal landing similar to the space shuttle.
15:29And we were doing studies on this,
15:31but realized that the main issue with that
15:33is that you need a spaceport.
15:34And to make this a passenger aircraft
15:37and make it commercial,
15:38you want to be close to where the people are living.
15:40Spaceports are often very far away.
15:43So we want to be close to the cities
15:45and that's where international airports are today.
15:48So that was the main reason for going for that solution.
15:50In terms of the fuel,
15:52the fuel efficiency is quite good
15:56when you have one solution
15:57for Earth-to-Earth and air breathing engines.
16:00Ten seconds left.
16:02So that's the short answer.
16:04Okay, thank you.
16:06We're out of time.
16:06Martina from Destinus, round of applause.
16:09Thank you.
16:10And just to mention that we have a booth
16:11with the prototype that we flew with hydrogen at D-52.
16:15It's right opposite the stage three,
16:17if anyone wants to go and check it out.
16:19Happy to tell you more.
16:20It's in the Mobility and Smart Cities Solutions Park.
16:23Exactly, right behind the blue plastic thing there.
16:26Yeah, okay.
16:28Go check it out, guys.
16:30Thank you.
16:30Thank you.
16:31All right, thank you.
16:31Thank you.
16:32Thank you.
16:32Thank you.
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