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00:00Things I saw made impressions, I can never forget.
00:20I can't describe it. I can't say how it was.
00:25It was just terrible.
00:34A dream of being trapped on the ship with no means of escape.
00:43But I always wake up before the boat sinks.
00:55He told me that apparently we'd struck something.
01:07Iceberg!
01:08Get ahead!
01:08I didn't become alarmed.
01:18There was no danger, they said.
01:24I told her to come at once. We were sinking.
01:26I can imagine the chaos and the fear and the terror of finding water in your cabin and you're in the bowels of the ship.
01:37It makes me panic just thinking about it.
01:40The story of the Titanic is the human condition spread out, pinned on a board for us to examine.
01:47Then came the terrible cry.
01:51Women and children, women and children.
01:54Two men lifted me up and put me in a boat.
01:59It's these small decisions, these little butterfly effect moments that change the outcome.
02:03It really was every man for himself.
02:22My heart stood still.
02:32Hurry up!
02:33It's a split-second decision. What would you do? What would I do?
02:54It was a terrible sight.
02:56Men swinging and sinking.
03:03I'd been brought up to believe in a hell after a death.
03:18For now, I think I went through a hell that night.
03:21Bible sayes by oscar bell operations.
03:35We will see.
03:38Please please.
03:40We will see.
03:40A hell that night.
03:43Hopefully you will.
03:43Until we see.
03:44Nameless.
03:45I think he is little信 crystal.
03:46Emily comes to your vehicle.
03:47We will see.
03:48We will see you at this.
03:49We will see.
03:49We will see.
03:50I nipped along to have a look down the emergency staircase to gauge the speed the water was
04:14rising that's cold green water crawling its ghostly way the electric lights shone under
04:28the surface with weird effect so light all up knows now things are getting more serious
04:39he thought this thing could not go down and now he knows it could sink this is a terrible shot for him
04:52Captain Smith is at fault here he has not informed his senior officers of what he has known for some
04:59time it's very hard to know why Captain Smith did not give out the information to his most trusted
05:05command maybe it's important to keep this a way to stop them panicking and to keep control
05:26there are just ten standard lifeboats left on the ship along with four collapsibles there's two thousand
05:34souls and more on board and only around 700 places there's no rescue ship coming anytime soon so if you
05:42don't get in you're gonna die
05:44you're moving up and down the deck
05:59light hollow is going to continue doing exactly what he's done before but with even more fervor and
06:05rigidity enforcing the plan it's the only thing he can do
06:09charlotte collier is just about holding herself together in her family unit her husband harvey and her
06:21little daughter marjorie
06:23mr low rushed among the passengers and ordered the women into the boats many of them followed him in a
06:37dazed kind of way and others stayed with their men a sailor caught marjorie in his arms
06:49tore her away from me and threw her into the boat
06:55i was crying for my doll then two men lifted me up and put me in a boat
07:04she was not even given a chance to tell her father goodbye
07:13you too a man yelled you're a woman
07:20take a seat in that boat or it will be too late
07:25i heard my husband say
07:29go lottie for god's sake be brave and go
07:36and saw my husband's back as he walked steadily down the deck and disappeared among the men
07:48if they'd not wrenched marjorie away from me
07:54i wish i had gone with him
08:00the courteous deferential veneer is not there anymore
08:10the officers will pull apart women from their men and make them go into the boats
08:17whether they want to or not
08:19this is new in the course of the night and it's frightening
08:22there's a really stark disadvantage facing third-class passengers from the beginning
08:37they are stuck in the bowels of the ship trying to get to where the lifeboats are
08:43i had been seasick the whole trip
08:49all i wanted was to be left alone so i could lie down
09:03anna huerblom is a teenager from finland she's a swedish speaker
09:10a third of steerage passengers on the titanic were from nordic countries
09:16there were so many people who did not speak english
09:18they spoke spanish arabic swedish swedish is the second most spoken language
09:23when the boat struck the 14th of april which was my birthday
09:30i was 18 i didn't become alarmed
09:37i just couldn't believe that this wonderful ship could possibly be in trouble
09:44there are 14 stewardesses in first class to help those passengers leave the ship
09:52in third class there's only one
09:55there was no tannoy system or announcement of what was going on of what to do they had to work it out
10:06that crash woke me up
10:25nearly jolted me from my bed
10:29i put on my trousers and shoes and got up
10:36eugene daly is a 29 year old textile worker from county westmeath in ireland
10:46after years of saving he's immigrating to america along with his cousin maggie
10:51her friend bertha and his beloved irish pipes
10:57the stewardess came through and told the passengers that they shouldn't be frightened
11:03there was no danger
11:04they said
11:05everything was all right and that i might go back
11:10the third class passengers don't know what's going on because they're not being told and there's nothing worse than having an idea that something's really wrong but not knowing exactly what it is
11:29above deck the first and second class passengers and the crew they can all see there aren't enough boats left and there are hundreds of them on deck
11:36they can all see there aren't enough boats left and there are hundreds of them on deck
11:41i stood at the bulkhead with the other stewardesses a ship's officer ordered us into the boat
11:51some lifeboats are only at half capacity
11:55now there's fear everywhere so they're filling them up as quickly as they can
12:01looking along the length of the ship
12:06i noticed the forward part of her was lower now
12:12much lower
12:16my heart stood still
12:22you know in the military this is what we talk about triaging this is a case of thinking how many people can we save at this point
12:41there's only room for 800 people in the lifeboats that remain so that's best case scenario
12:47but in crisis situations you're not getting the best case scenario within the panic the confusion
12:53the boat was full now
12:59as the boat was being lowered the ship's officer called
13:06here miss jessop look after this baby
13:11someone has dumped it on the deck beside his feet
13:20at this stage violet is handed a baby that has been sort of separated from their family or
13:30whoever was caring for them at that point it's hard to fathom that
13:34that panic beginning to spread
13:38it's making their circumstances worse
13:40it's making everybody's chance of survival worse
13:44but it's such a natural reaction
13:46i could hear the commotion overhead increasing i decided to go up even though i still felt very ill
14:13i was fully clothed and i had a life belt
14:19my railroad ticket to tacoma and a small amount of money were
14:24sewed in a little bag and hung around my neck so that i couldn't lose it
14:29i went down into the room where maggie daly and bertha mulville hill were
14:36the men and women in third class are separated
14:41so for eugene to find maggie and bertha he has to cross
14:45from one end of the ship to another no one is guiding them no one is saying
14:49this is the best way to get around the flooding
14:51they have to work it out themselves
14:53there's hundreds of third class passengers trying to navigate the warren of corridors hallways staircases
15:12and they're trying to get to a part of the ship the boat deck that they've never been allowed onto before
15:18it's difficult to convey the size of a ship like the titanic
15:24it took me 14 days before i could find my way from one part of that ship to another by the shortest route
15:31eugene maggie and bertha must navigate up several decks to the boat deck
15:38it's now a very challenging situation and the feeling of a loss of control on the part of the crew is getting stronger and stronger
15:46it was about this time that the chief officer came over from the starboard side and asked did i know where the firearms were
15:53i told the chief officer yes come along and i'll get them for you
15:58drawing weapons is very unusual
16:07the officers clearly were aware of how panic was setting in and order and discipline amongst people
16:14were falling apart there are guns on board the titanic like the lifeboats nobody expected to ever have to use them
16:28into the first officers cabin we went the chief adoc the captain and myself
16:37i hauled them out still in all their pristine newness and grease
16:46here you are
16:46the fact of the matter is there are far more passengers than crew british and american society at this time is hierarchical and it's rules based people will do what they are told
17:08but not when their lives are at stake this is what the officers fear but you know
17:20check off said you can't put a gun in the room and not use it
17:39third-class passengers naturally gravitated towards the aftwell deck which is the outdoor space that
17:45they've had use of but it is still three decks below the boat deck where the lifeboats are
17:59there was a lot of confusion with people running around crying swearing and and praying
18:13since i couldn't speak english i hardly knew what was happening
18:16i had to push people apart to find a place to walk
18:29she doesn't speak english there's no one experienced to advise her so she's working this all out with so
18:35much against her there's a sea of passengers already gathered there so eugene and anna are joining this
18:42throng of people i went up on deck people were running around
18:50the titanic being an immigrant ship must conform to american and british immigration laws and one of
18:57those laws is around quarantine maintaining steerage class passengers in areas separate from the first
19:05and second class passengers to stop the spread of disease before the third class passengers have even
19:11boarded titanic they've had to be subjected to medical examinations they're hemmed in by locked gates
19:19and these same gates that were meant to prevent ill health are now blocking their access to the lifeboats
19:24eugene's cousin maggie tries to go back to her cabin but that corridor is under five foot of water
19:32there's no chance she can make it and she turns back
19:34all this time we knew that the water was coming up and up rapidly
19:42to know that safety is on the other side of that locked gate it must make them despair
19:55the boat was practically full and there were no other women anywhere near it when
20:12fifth officer low jumped in and ordered it lowered
20:16a young lad hardly more than a school boy was standing close to the rail
20:26now realizing he was to be left behind he leapt down into the boat and crawled under a seat
20:35but the officer dragged him to his feet and ordered him back onto the ship
20:47we begged for his life please give him a chance
20:53the officer drew his revolver and thrust it into his face
20:58i give you 10 seconds to get back onto that ship before i blow your brains out
21:12the lad only begged harder
21:17my mother said i called out don't shoot
21:20the officer suddenly changed his tone
21:32he lowered his revolver and looked the boy squarely in the eyes
21:42for god's sake be a man we have got women and children
21:46the little lad turned around and climbed back without a word
21:59he was not saved
22:03allow the boats
22:07to avoid another occurrence of that sort i fired my revolver as i was going down each deck
22:14because the boat wouldn't stand a sudden jack
22:18she was loaded already with people and would not stand anymore
22:26actually drawing the gun shows that the ship's officers realized that things were very very
22:32desperate indeed and of course we did not have enough lifeboats for everybody on board
22:37there are 10 lifeboats left on deck now and 1960 people still to save titanic now was so low in the water
22:48that iconic areas like the grand staircase and some of the luxury state rooms were flooding
22:55there's no doubt at all that this was unstoppable it was merely a question of time
23:05it's not a question of time
23:13phillips told me the wireless was growing weaker
23:20jack phillips has spent the last few hours trying to communicate with other wireless operators
23:27carpathia is sailing at full speed towards titanic but she's still two hours away
23:33on the nearest ship the californian nobody recognized or responded to the distress
23:41flares but phillips still believes that as long as he can get signals out
23:45he may be of some use but now the electricity is starting to fail
23:52then he does get a message from his sister ship olympic
24:05but she seems not to understand at all what is happening to titanic and thinks
24:10titanic must be limping along sailing towards them
24:13the frustration here is now clear because the messages are not getting through
24:20for this young man in his mid-20s i think this is the place of utmost distress
24:26right now it's clear on board ship that no rescue vessel is going to reach titanic before she sings
24:44the third class passengers are at most risk at this moment
24:47there's the language difficulties there's probably a bit of aggression i think that's setting in annoyance
24:53it's frustration we had quite a number of hot-headed italians and other people who got crazy and made for the stairs
25:05these men tried to rush the stairway pushing and crowding and pulling the women down
25:11at this moment we would expect the adrenaline to kick in the body wants to survive and it gives us
25:21some sort of innate choices you might fight your way to the front physically people might freeze where
25:26they're just stuck then terror they don't know what to do we also see people who are turning inward
25:33and that would be turning to god as well making the sign of the cross and so on
25:36the first class deck was higher up than the steerage deck and there were some steps leading up to it
25:43and a gate at the top of the steps they tried to keep us down at first on our steerage deck at the back
25:49of the ship they're trying to keep order but by doing so in such a chaotic way they probably contribute to
25:59a greater loss of life than they realized i can't say who they were i think they were sailors
26:11they didn't want us going up to the first class place at all
26:17even though there's no direct policy preventing third-class passengers from accessing lifeboats
26:22it's clear from their testimony after the sinking that there was not a level playing field
26:28the third class were left marginalized and endangered by cruise actions
26:38there was no help of any kind to reach safety
26:49so time is ticking down the water's rising they're sandwiched in between
26:54the sea and the locked gate they're having to make life or death decisions
27:00in moments with very little information
27:07i got talking to a young swedish girl returning to the united states
27:12she knew about an emergency stairway to where the lifeboats were
27:25anna's interesting because she's come from a different environment she's come from finland
27:29where the social strata isn't quite as defined as it is in england at the time
27:35perhaps she has a little bit more leeway to not rely on following the authority figures orders
27:41we climbed the ladder up to the first class deck and then an officer saw me
27:49and dragged me up to the next deck
27:53we passed a window and we looked into a beautiful room
28:04and we looked into a beautiful room the tables were so beautifully set
28:08the silver and and all the furniture
28:16the other girl she wanted to kick the window out and walk in and help ourselves
28:23i told her that they might make us pay for the broken window so we didn't
28:35there's some evidence that growing up in adverse situations
28:38actually gives you a kind of cognitive toolkit to be able to get through those situations
28:43all kinds of skills where you've needed to survive and depend on yourself
28:48and that translates really quite well to an emergency scenario
28:52the third class passengers have survived so many different challenges already
29:02they must have felt their confidence and trust in the crew and officers had gone
29:09i think these are people who are not taking no for an answer
29:13they couldn't keep them down
29:17they're going to take fate into their own hands and they will get to those boats
29:34in the same way that i think when officer low fired his gun
29:37he changed the terms by breaking the gate they changed the terms
29:40i rushed to the lifeboats
29:50there seemed hundreds of people around me
29:55half the lifeboats have already gone they're in the water
29:58there's only four lifeboats at this end of the ship and the others are hundreds of yards ahead
30:03seeing only four lifeboats available and nearly two thousand people trying to get into them
30:10there is such panic in that crowd
30:13everywhere everybody was confused i saw a lot of people catholics make the sign of the cross
30:26i had to step on many of these people to reach the side of the deck
30:40the crying of children and the screaming of a woman you know these are terrifying sounds that we are
30:47programmed to have a sort of visceral reaction to i remember from living through my trauma my wounding in
30:54afghanistan sounds stay with you far more than sights that is a powerful thing for the senses to take on board
31:02and for ultimately you to then have to live with
31:05i tried to get into a lifeboat and i was pushed back
31:18it seemed as though i would go down with the ship
31:24it seemed as though i would go down with the ship and i would go down with the ship
31:40ideas about self-control and stoicism and self-sacrifice
31:45are celebrated as forms of gentlemanliness as well as manliness these are the values that they've been
31:53told to hold to and it means putting yourself second that is the ideal as far as edwardian society is concerned
32:06bruce ismay who is the managing director of the white star line his father had founded the white star
32:11line and the titanic is basically his idea this is the crowning achievement of his career the creation of
32:18this amazing opulent ship and now he can see that it is all going to the bottom of the sea
32:35and that the ship was sinking
32:42and that the ship was sinking
32:46i did
32:51i helped for nearly two hours as far as i can judge at the starboard boats helping women and children
32:57into the boats and blurring them over the side
32:59i think the sense of responsibility for bruce ismay must have been huge we see this in the fact that
33:09he spends time patrolling the boat deck putting people into boats instructing crew how to behave
33:17but he knows that there aren't enough lifeboats on board he knows by this point that there's no rescue ship
33:25coming anytime soon these lives are on his conscience
33:39the ship was listing heavily in the bow somebody gave me a push towards the boat
33:54and i got in that girl and i went together
34:02the lifeboat was so crowded
34:09when i got to the deck a lifeboat was hanging from the davits
34:23number 13 boat
34:26it was pretty well filled when i got there
34:32the boatswainer knew me as i'd sailed with them and other ships before
34:37said to me you get on this boat and pull an oar
34:43fred is in the lifeboat and because you know he's one of those strong enough to be able to row it
34:48and at this stage the crew is now starting to really fill the lifeboats
34:54so i took his orders and i got on and she swung from the davits
34:59we had women men and two little babies
35:03one two months old and the other ten months old
35:11there is no real order people are sitting on top of one another and you know you're sort of being
35:15crushed underneath this mass of people it's suspended by davits off the side of the ship at this point
35:23it's about 18 meters above the water but every person that gets in adds that weight as that
35:30movement as that risk and so there has to be a point at which you say that's enough
35:36about three more people get in after i did
35:39and then the orders were given let no more on that boat or the falls will break
35:43that means looking into the whites of people's eyes and saying there's no more space
35:59the boat was being filled with women
36:05the boat was being filled with women
36:07the officer called me to go back but i got in life was sweet to me and
36:30i wanted to save myself it's the early hours of the morning the lifeboats are being filled to the
36:38broom now overfilled naturally some male passengers want to get in they want to be with their loved
36:44one so they just want to save their lives as any of us would they told me to get out but i didn't stir
36:52then they got a hold of me and pulled me out eugene's testimony makes me like him i think he's honest
37:04he's frank he's not trying to put a spin on his own behavior or anyone else's i get the feeling of
37:12a real historical account in its watson or attitude what's sad about this story is that most of those
37:19officers knew the people that they were turning away in the sense that they were from the same class
37:24the same kind well if i didn't save myself at least i saved the two girls
37:49captain smith had severe doubts about whether a fully laden lifeboat could be lowered properly
38:04he knew there are a lot of people waiting down at the gangway doors to get into boats and therefore
38:10he thought how can i manage to get these boats full how can i save as many of the people whose lives i
38:16am responsible for as is possible the captain came and said mr boxall you go away in that boat pointing
38:26to boat number two i tumbled into this lifeboat and started to lower up and the captain looked over
38:35and told me go around to the starboard side which was practically on the opposite side to where i was
38:43lower so boxall's lifeboat was only about 45 full was meant to go around to the starboard side of the ship
38:53to take on more passengers i had great difficulty in getting that boat around there there was suction
39:04i was using the stroke horse standing up and there was this lady helping she was steering around the
39:16ship's stern when i passed around the boat to get to the gangway door on the starboard side
39:23her propellers were out of water but when i did eventually reach there
39:34i found that there was such a mob standing at the gangway doors
39:53if they jumped they'd swamp the boat
40:00i don't go alongside she was only a small boat
40:10boxall should have made sure that he filled the lifeboat up and take necessary action to make
40:15sure he wasn't swamped he was in a position to do that and he didn't
40:19and it's a really tricky one because yes crews should follow orders and the structure of discipline
40:28is how you can try and create some form of order in moments of chaos there is a good reason why you
40:36know in circumstances we are not to question orders having said that it's all well and good one of your
40:42superiors giving you an order but they're not seeing the circumstances that you are witnessing
40:52i pulled off and laid off until i pulled away about a quarter of a mile i suppose
41:12so the instinct to row away is very normal very human everybody wants to get away from the scene
41:32of an accident or a disaster and this ship is huge people have never seen anything this big
41:44captain smith is out there with his megaphone barking orders
41:48bring those boats back for the lifeboats to come back and pick up other passengers
42:04it's almost instinctive and it's driven into you from the day you join the royal navy or the merchant navy
42:10that you obey your captain and do as he says he is god in a sense and therefore not to do as you're told
42:17is a heinous crime
42:23quartermaster hitchens who is in command of one of the lifeboats said it's our lives now not theirs
42:30i find that quite extraordinary the bottom line should be i want to save as many as i can
42:36it's our lives now not theirs this is the moment of mutiny this is when all order has broken down
42:45we are not going to stand by anymore and drown because you tell us to fair enough
42:52we had gone perhaps half a mile when the officer ordered the men to cease rowing
43:05no other boat was in sight we didn't even have a lantern to signal with
43:16we lay there in the silence and darkness of that calm sea
43:25no sound reached us
43:35except the music from the band which i was aware of for the first time
43:41those brave musicians
43:51they were playing lively tunes ragtime
43:56i will never forget the terrible beauty of the titanic at that moment
44:04i started to count the rows of lights
44:19it's one two three four five
44:31i stopped
44:39surely i i had miscounted
44:41i went over them again more carefully and i'd made no mistake
44:54there are only five decks now
44:57as if all could read my mind the women in the boat started to weep some silently some unrestrainedly
45:11just before launching the last lifeboats
45:18i'd made my final hurried visit to the emergency stairway to gauge how quickly she was going down
45:31it was then conclusively evident that not only was she going but she was going very soon
45:41even in pants and sweater over pajamas alone i was in a bath of perspiration
45:48if we were to avoid the disgrace of
45:52going down with lifeboats still hanging to the davits there wasn't one moment to lose
45:56the forward well deck was under water
46:11i saw phillips still sending away
46:13i suspect many people on the ship by now are in an altered state which we know is what happens when
46:21people are facing death jack phillips won't leave his post it is a clear single focus on what you
46:30believe to be right and he believes the right thing to do is to stay there until it's all over again
46:37phillips called cqd and sos for nearly five minutes and got no reply
46:51we now realized the awful state of affairs the ship listing heavily to port and forward
46:58i thought it was about time to look about and see if there was anything that would float
47:01i remembered that every member of the crew had a life belt and then i thought how cold the water was
47:09i remembered i had some boots and i put those on and an extra jacket we picked up the olympic and
47:15told that we were sinking by the head and we're about all down phillips is leading from the front
47:22and he's a hero it's easier to understand fear and self-interest than it is to understand sacrifice
47:34and heroism especially now in our world we think that everything is about greed and me first
47:42that generation did not as phillips was sending the message i strapped the life belt to his back
47:48i'd already put on his overcoat wondered if i could get him into his boots just at that moment the
47:54captain came into the cabin and said men you have done your full duty you can do no more
48:02abandon your cabin now it's every man for himself i release you
48:10every man for himself now in the conflicts i trained for and it's unimaginable that we would
48:15never find ourselves in a circumstance where it was every man for themselves all of the order has
48:19been lost and actually trying to maintain that order whether it's you know pointing a gun at a
48:26crowd or you know screaming at the top of your voice all you're doing in that circumstance is wasting
48:31energy
48:46the last of the hard hulled lifeboats have been dispatched but there is still two collapsible
48:53lifeboats left on the boat deck they're a little bit more flimsy but they still are a lifeline
48:58there was some disturbance loading the last two forward boats
49:07a large crowd of men were pressing to get into them though there were many crew and men lined up
49:13with apparently not a thought at attempting to board the boats without orders
49:19i saw bruce ismay who had been assisting in loading the last boat push his way into it
49:39really was every man for himself
49:40bruce ismay decides to save himself he is about the only man on board who can't be ordered out of
49:52that spot by any of the remaining crew
50:01you were one of those as the managing director responsible for determining the number of lifeboats
50:07yes in conjunction with these shipbuilders
50:11when you got into the boat you thought that the titanic was sinking
50:15i did
50:16did you know that there were some hundreds of people on that ship
50:19yes
50:21who must go down with her
50:23yes i did
50:24has it occurred to you that you as the responsible managing director deciding the number of boats
50:36owed your life to every other person on that ship
50:40it has not
50:42i have searched my mind with the deepest care
50:46i'm sure i did nothing that i shouldn't have done
50:48my conscience is clear
50:53i took a chance of escape when it came to me
50:55i did not seek it
50:58it is true i am president of the company
51:01but i didn't consider myself any different from the rest of the passengers
51:06i took no other man's place
51:08i took no man's place
51:19this is palpably untrue
51:22but i think he must believe it
51:25i think that bruce ismay comes from a class of society
51:29who believes that they have everything they have because of grit
51:34and character i mean it's like being a billionaire today in a world of hungry people
51:40the only way you can live with yourself is to imagine that you deserve it in some way
51:47and so i think that bruce ismay believes
51:52contrary to all rational fact
51:56that he hasn't taken someone else's place even though he really must know internally that he has
52:04the
52:15there was a terrible crowd standing about
52:24the officer in charge pointed a revolver waved his hand and said that if any man
52:29tried to get in he'd shoot him on the spot
52:33if anyone tries to answer i will shoot him
52:37two men tried to break through and he shot them both
52:48i saw him shoot them
52:50i saw them lying
52:55one seemed to be dead
52:57the other was trying to pull himself up at the side of the deck but he couldn't
53:02i tried to get to the boat myself but was afraid i would be shot and stayed back
53:21the other was trying to get to the side of the deck
53:30when we rode away from the titanic
53:34my face was towards the sinking steamer
53:36the things i saw i'll never forget
53:49i saw an officer
53:59shoot himself through the temple with a revolver
54:03the story of the officer shooting himself is contested even the name of the officer
54:19is in dispute you're meant to help others not shoot them and you're certainly not meant to shoot
54:24yourself um when you make a mistake i saw the officer himself lying on the deck
54:34they told me he shot himself
54:38it's not a line of inquiry that is pursued and i think that is because in edwardian society there is
54:44such a taboo around death by suicide it looks like the easy way out though it can hardly have been so
54:54it suggests that the people who did it have failed that test of being an edwardian man which is to
55:03demonstrate heroism and courage and stoicism in the face of disaster
55:24death stares everyone in the face some will escape some won't
55:44jack phillips he's young but he's responsible
55:48he's self-reliant he thinks he's going to die and so he decides to die doing his best for everyone else
56:02phillips clung on for about 10 minutes after the captain had released him
56:05i learned to love him that night
56:18i suddenly felt for him a great reverence to see him standing there sticking to his work
56:25well everybody else was raging about
56:35i will never forget the work of phillips for those last awful minutes
56:40he was a brave man
56:54people find themselves facing this life or death moment together
56:59titanic broke in two before my eyes striking water was like a thousand knives being driven into one's body
57:06to die slowly within a shot of people who might save your life there's a particular cruelty to that
57:26so
57:31so
57:35so
57:39so
57:45so
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