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00:01I'm on the trail of wonders to treasure.
00:05Precious clues from the past.
00:08I can't quite believe they've kept me down here.
00:11With unmissable experiences.
00:14It's me. I adore Dolphin so much and they're playing with us.
00:18Hidden sites in unexpected destinations.
00:22No way. I've never seen anything like that before.
00:26Okay, ready. Let's go.
00:27Let's go.
00:29I'm on a global voyage of discovery to explore our shared heritage
00:34and how our past shapes all of our lives.
00:38This time, I'm in the verdant valleys and icy peaks of Switzerland.
00:44I'm here to explore how in this monumental landscape,
00:49women and men and communities have managed to connect
00:52and how in a land of 10,000 mountains, people have thrived for thousands of years.
01:01Switzerland's dramatic terrain has forged a rich culture that's intriguing and alluring.
01:08Melted hot cheese is my idea of heaven.
01:12It's a journey full of surprises.
01:15Yahoo!
01:17I love it!
01:19Oh, I get milking stars smacked on me.
01:23And heartwarming encounters.
01:25I've got a sort of 60 kilograms of love on my lap here.
01:29Across time and place.
01:31The god, Mars, the god of the world. Second century.
01:35Look at that. I'm literally holding something that's thousands of years old.
01:38Welcome to the treasures of Switzerland.
02:04Landlocked in the heart of Europe,
02:06Switzerland is defined by its mountains.
02:10The Alps and the Jura, which cover 70% of the country.
02:17Icebound reaches where history can literally be frozen in time.
02:26It's my first time on a glacier.
02:29I'm genuinely excited.
02:31To reach my first treasure, I'm climbing above the clouds.
02:38To discover secrets of pre-history and present.
02:42Risking altitude sickness and temperatures that can drop to minus 35 degrees Celsius.
02:48The Jungfraujoch, perched between the Jungfrau and the Munch Mountains.
02:57So the reason I'm heading up here is to see how ice and glaciers actually shape Switzerland's past.
03:04And how they preserve it in pretty unexpected ways.
03:13The evidence up here can be reached through a series of mysterious passageways.
03:18This ice palace was started in the 1930s as a kind of fantasy entrance to the glacier.
03:32So I've made it up around 3,500 metres above sea level.
03:43And what you're looking at here is the biggest glacier in the whole of the Alps.
03:48It runs 14 miles, that's around 22 kilometres.
03:52And it contains 10 billion tonnes of ice.
03:57It is just majesty incarnate.
04:06You might imagine life here is pretty much impossible.
04:09But the extreme elevation is a dream for scientific investigators.
04:17That's where I'm heading next.
04:28What you're looking at is the Sphinx.
04:30An observatory and a unique hub of science where vital work is illuminating the story of the stars, snow and the sky.
04:43It might look like a Bond villain's lair, but I've been invited in to meet the people who, remarkably, call it home.
04:52Daniela and Erich are custodians of the station, hosting scientists from around the world.
05:02And keeping a close watch on the wild environment up here.
05:09Hi, good morning.
05:11Hi.
05:13Hi.
05:15Nice to meet you.
05:17I've heard at this time of day they're doing genuine weather observation, which are, you're doing it by absolutely.
05:27Yeah.
05:29Yeah, yeah.
05:31So, I've just disturbed them, but I'm trying not to disturb them, because this is very real work.
05:37So they're doing weather observation, but all by eye.
05:40Because it's complicated for an instrument up here, because of the altitude.
05:43And I've got to say, as I'm doing this to you, I'm a bit busy.
05:47Uh...
05:49So...
05:51Get up.
05:53From my very inexpert eye, it looks like it's quite a nice day out there.
05:56Is it all looking good?
05:58Yeah, it's looking good.
06:00You can go upstairs, and then you'll see it in a real.
06:03Real? Lovely.
06:05Yeah.
06:11So this is where you work?
06:12Yes.
06:14I mean, that is the most astonishing view I think I've ever seen anywhere in the world.
06:19Incredible.
06:21Yeah, it's great. It's really a nice place to work on it.
06:23Very nice place.
06:25How many months or weeks a year do you spend up here?
06:28Half of the year.
06:30And I'm guessing you're a couple, because you've got to get on up here.
06:33Yeah.
06:35It works good.
06:36Clearly.
06:37Because there's been a research centre here since the 1930s.
06:40Is that right?
06:41Yeah.
06:42We had one guy, he was up on the top of the Munch in 1926 for two weeks, just in a tent.
06:51Yeah.
06:52Up there?
06:53Yeah.
06:54Up there on top of the Munch.
06:55On the Munch.
06:56On top of the Munch.
06:57What were they wearing up here?
06:59How did they survive?
07:00Pool socks.
07:01Pool socks.
07:02Pool socks.
07:04People were made of sterner stuff.
07:07It's amazing how we always use natural phenomenon like this, because isn't it true that there was so much ice here that people would come and use it so they could take it off and use it to chill champagne in Paris?
07:17It's unbelievable.
07:18It's unbelievable.
07:19It's unbelievable.
07:20It's like, oh, hello, there's nature's ice bucket.
07:22I'll have a bit of that to keep my champagne cool.
07:25But it really is melting now, isn't it?
07:27Yeah.
07:28You can see it.
07:29It's melting a lot.
07:30Like the last three years, it was melting over 15 metres.
07:3615?
07:3715 metres.
07:38Yeah.
07:39So we have to...
07:40People say it's not happening.
07:41So can I just...
07:42You've seen it.
07:43Yeah.
07:44They live here and they're watching it happen.
07:46That's so appalling.
07:48This has been described as the kind of water tower of Europe up here.
07:52So people, I mean, our lives completely depend on this.
07:55Yeah.
07:56Yeah, that's it.
07:57Yeah.
07:58It's interesting for me as a historian because you've got this massive melting.
08:01It's actually revealing a lot of archaeological finds.
08:05So we're finding remains from the past.
08:08And some of those are going back thousands of years.
08:11Years, yes.
08:12As a species, we just seem to be driven to want to explore beyond the horizon, to adventure,
08:18however dangerous it is.
08:20And so just imagine those guys here then, not centuries ago, thousands of years ago,
08:26walking across this place here.
08:28It's amazing.
08:29And how brave they were to come up here.
08:34I love my job, but I'm slightly jealous.
08:38We love our jobs too.
08:41Yeah.
08:42We are quite proud that we are able to work up here.
08:45Yeah.
08:46Beautiful.
08:47This is definitely a treasure of Switzerland.
08:49Yeah.
08:50And a wonder.
08:51100%.
08:54A century's worth of records from the research station's custodians exposes how drastically
09:01the Swiss climate is changing.
09:04As the ice around here is melting, it's revealing all kinds of hidden histories.
09:13And actually, glacial archaeology is becoming a really big thing.
09:17And recently, there have been the most astonishing finds, just a day or so's walk from here.
09:23So what's been discovered are the belongings of a man who walked across this pass around 4,800 years ago.
09:33So just think about that for a minute.
09:35So that's 200 years before the great pyramids in Egypt were built.
09:40And the incredibly exciting thing is that finds like this are really rewriting the story of the world.
09:45Because up until now, we didn't think that women and men were crossing passes like this that long ago.
09:52But it tells us that they were adventuring, they were traveling, they were hunting, they were on the move around here.
09:59And what we've discovered are these beautiful possessions.
10:02So a bow made of yew wood, which is over one and a half meters long.
10:10The case for the bow, so this is it here, and it's made of silver birch, which is really clever,
10:15because silver birch has a natural kind of water repellent in it.
10:20His clothing was also discovered.
10:22He had these leather trousers made of the skin of a goat that's extinct now in Europe.
10:27And there's just something really touching about all of this, because his clothes have been patched up.
10:33So it's pretty likely that there was someone in his life who loved and cared for him.
10:41But you just have to ask, what was he doing out here?
10:44It makes us think again about what life was like here in the Alps back in prehistory.
10:50The melting ice is hugely problematic for our future.
10:57But thanks to glacial archaeology, it's connecting us back through time to the stories of our ancestors.
11:04Switzerland's incredible glaciers are doing so much to preserve history and to teach us about our shared past.
11:19So we have to do everything we can in our power to respect and preserve them.
11:26I'm exploring Switzerland's cherished treasures and hidden gems.
11:49You'd think the towering mountains might have deterred visitors, but over the centuries the opposite has been true.
12:01Travel in Switzerland really expanded with the development of the railway networks in the 19th century.
12:08And a lot of the lines are still working today, I'm actually on one now.
12:12But where I'm heading has been a crossroads since ancient times.
12:19My next treasure is the great St. Bernard Pass, straddling the border of Switzerland and Italy.
12:27An artery carved by prehistoric glaciers.
12:32For centuries this strategic mountain crossing has been a gateway between northern and southern Europe.
12:39Evidence of previous travellers is everywhere.
12:44So the surprises just keep coming. We've found that there's a whole team of underwater archaeologists who are diving in the lake to look for evidence from the Roman activity around here.
13:01Fines being discovered in and around the lake indicate this pass has been used since the Bronze Age.
13:09But it was the Romans who maximised its potential.
13:14You don't really associate the Romans with Switzerland, but actually 2,000 years ago they took over the whole of the country.
13:26And one of the reasons was that they wanted to control this pass, which was really, really strategic in ancient times as it is today.
13:34A Roman inn was built here, and the highest temple in the whole empire, dedicated to the great sky god Jupiter.
13:49And so we're finding all these amazing offerings that were left to him in that very lake.
13:55And people would also put in little offerings there, I think, as a sort of prayer for safe passage through the pass.
14:01The pass provided a shortcut between Italy and Gaul, sparing travellers the long coastal route around the Alps.
14:11Where the Romans led, others followed, including in May 1800, when Napoleon marched through here to surprise the Austrian army.
14:22This image of him was actually painted to portray him here at the St. Bernard Pass.
14:27We know that he travelled with 40,000 soldiers, 5,000 horses and over 50 massive cannons.
14:37Can you imagine getting all of that up here?
14:40But the hilarious thing is this is one of the most famous images of him, looking very heroic, riding this rearing white steed.
14:49But we actually know that he travelled at the rear end of his army, and he rode a donkey.
15:00The value of the pass wasn't only military.
15:03For Christian pilgrims, this was part of the Via Francigena, the most direct path from Canterbury in England to Rome.
15:14But at over 2,400 metres high, it's snowbound for nine months of the year and perilous.
15:27This is where I'm staying for the night, and I'm extremely excited because it's actually a medieval refuge that was founded almost exactly 1,000 years ago.
15:37And it's made from stones that once belonged to ancient Roman temples.
15:46The great St. Bernard Hospice was founded around 1050 CE by St. Bernard of Aoster, patron saint of mountaineers.
15:56And the cannons here have always doubled up as heroic mountain rescuers, with a mission to give refuge to all who brave this treacherous route.
16:09I'm Bethany.
16:10Bethany.
16:11Bethany, welcome to the Great St. Bernard.
16:12I don't speak very good English, but English, French, the language of the heart.
16:15I was just trying to find where my room is. Do you know where my room is?
16:32do you know where my room is thank you this is all so beautiful
16:51but it's incredible to think all the people generations centuries hundreds of years of
16:57travelers who've been helped here wow well this is the most beautiful way to be welcome
17:27i will promise i'll shed my worries tonight how could i not with such a lovely jolly father looking
17:33at me climbing our own little mountain of stairs mercy of mercy behind you're so kind
17:58not too bad of you
18:02my night at the hospice brings rest a supper of melted cheese and a surprise discovery
18:13so the most astonishing thing has happened um i was eating some raclette and i was in a conversation
18:18with one of the chief priests here who says that there's an entire store of medieval and ancient
18:25artifacts and he's here if you want you can go to the archives yes yeah to the archives thank you
18:39look at this this is amazing you have two or three roman things where exactly were they discovered you
18:47out here on the other side of the pass yes a statue it's near the temple of jupiter it was at the
18:55highest of the roman empire yeah it was built we think during the reign of august of the first emperor
19:03yeah these are priests and and monks here who have become like archaeologists and they're finding these
19:10artifacts they're making a note of them they have three pages on prior books and they wrote inside
19:17them for example here i found on bricks those letters sepi sepi is this one uh roof tile of the temple of
19:27jupiter sorry so it's a roof tile from the temple yes can i can i touch if you want to oh it's interesting to see
19:36that it's fascinating so this is a roof tile from the temple of jupiter up here you've got so many
19:42things here so that that's egyptian isn't it yes of the sixth century before christ yeah it's a little
19:48shapti it's a little good luck thing it was buried with the mummies to go to the next to the next life
19:55when napoleon crossed the alts in may 18th he came from egypt yes the general given those gifts to
20:04the community and these sorry i am like a child in a sweet shop here because these are roman aren't
20:11they here yes yes it's a small statue of the god jupiter yes we found some of them here for example jupiter
20:22we had the thunderbolt on the left hand yes for example here a bigger statue had this turnabout
20:31and on the other hand the eagle and the eagle is the the bird of jupiter of jove of the king
20:39the king of the king of the hip it's wonderful of different thing of different centuries for example
20:46here wonderful document this is edward the first this is edward longshanks you know edward the first
20:54the the king of england why have you got that here the meaning is wait during the second the
21:02wedding of henry the second plantagenet yes with alianard aquitaine yes some people cross the orbs to
21:11do invitation and they lost their way though the king gave things to us because we saved person
21:18honestly i had no idea so i knew that you were guardians of of people who got lost on the
21:25mountains and guardians of souls here i didn't realize you were also the guardians of such historic
21:30treasures what's this it's the god mars the god of the world it is could build the second century
21:39a little it's golden it's a golden this is a little parting moment of joy so a beautiful head of
21:46mars god of war i'm going to give it back to you very carefully thank you so much you have made my
21:53year seeing all of this i'm i i feel very fortunate and blessed this is astonishing to see these things
22:00here and for us to remember the people of the past who've managed to make it through this dangerous pass
22:06for centuries the mountain rescue action man skiing cannons of saint bernard have saved many lives
22:17helped by their heroic four-legged companions also carrying the saint's name
22:28i've got to admit that um one of the reasons i was so keen to come up here is not just because i love
22:33history and it's full of history but also it's the home of the saint bernard dog that i've been
22:38obsessed with since i was a kid and and they're still here i think this is my guy morning hi are you
22:44tom hi hi hi i'm betony how lovely to meet you hello hello you meet athena jazz and fina yeah and i mean
22:56i'm already in complete heaven okay girls are we gonna go for a walk exactly we walk them twice a
23:03day so that's the afternoon walk for them three which one is this one again venus venus yeah we've
23:08definitely bonded but i'm getting a real lean in here okay do you want to go then venus
23:14so i know these dogs have been here since the 17th century that's awesome yeah
23:25and they've been working dogs all that time so helping to rescue people exactly
23:33yeah they rescue people here because they were big and it was practical in the snow yeah because
23:38it can be to 10 meters snow here in the winter so it's a lot yeah well that is a quite a view
23:50why do you love them i actually love them because they love the mountain and i also love the mountains
23:55there are big dogs but they're really athletics dogs so they work way better than us in the mountain
24:00and they love people like you see now i gotta say i've got a sort of 60 kilograms of love on my lap
24:07here now you can feel how strong they are i grew up thinking that all st bernard's had this like
24:13cask of hello cask of brandy around their neck is that true no they never had alcohol to save people
24:19actually it's more a legend but we don't know really from where it comes you know mountains could
24:24be barriers but you really get the sense here people are trying to find ways to connect and actually
24:30the the fact that these dogs have been saving people for centuries because st bernard's he's the
24:36patron saint of mountaineers isn't he and these st bernards are literally the the saviors of people
24:42on the mountains yeah and really the mountain dogs yeah yeah that's right oh well you're beautiful
24:48your travel is in time aren't you
25:00do you know it feels like such a blessing to be here in amongst all this exquisite savage natural beauty
25:09and in a place that's seen so much history from ferocious heartless conquerors to pilgrims across the
25:17centuries and communities that are dedicated to care and compassion
25:31when you think of switzerland you might imagine all of this these exquisite mountains and lakes and cows and clocks and cheeses well i'm planning to explore both the expected
25:58and be unexpected
26:04my next treasure is the feisty fairy tale spirit of the alps
26:11to get a taste i've come to lake lucerne a place which can feel positively dreamlike
26:18and where nation-building legends are immortalized
26:26you all know the story of william tell the swiss hero who had to balance an apple
26:32on the head of his son and then shoot it through with an arrow to prevent his and his family's
26:37execution william tell was being punished for standing up to the hapsburgs who ruled here in the 14th century
26:48despite winning the challenge and hitting the apple
26:51tell was arrested and rode across the lake where he escapes and then assassinates his persecutor
26:57a story immortalized in this lakeside chapel his legendary defiance is said to have inspired the actual birth of switzerland
27:09it's pretty amazing to be here because 700 odd years ago this game-changing history-making oath was signed there
27:22on that meadow on that patch of green it was called the rutley oath and it was basically between the three original forest cantons or regions of switzerland
27:33kind of like a medieval nato agreement where they agreed always to have each other's backs
27:41this alliance eventually expanded to include all the cantons of switzerland
27:49seven centuries later swiss unity is celebrated on national day with particular gusto in the mountains
27:57surrounding late lucerne so i'm heading up to join the fun i wait for it steam train
28:10morning hi hi good morning how are you very good nice to see you happy national day yeah thank you so much
28:16we're doing national day memories with my new best friends oh nice oh that's really nice can we do a selfie
28:30this is the oldest cogwheel train in switzerland it climbs to the top of mount rigi affectionately called
28:38the queen of mountains once a favorite stop the european grand tour
28:48this is the steepest railway of its kind anywhere in europe you can really feel oh my goodness the
28:54steep engine behind pushing us up loads of people have experienced this through times and queen victoria
29:00the queen of england came up here mark twain that american writer who basically
29:05got everywhere there are loads of artists who are inspired by this place so um beautiful poet
29:10gerard vanley hopkins and turner the british painter and he did this as a result
29:24i'm just gonna say you look so fantastic but why are you wearing lovely lederhosen today
29:29yeah okay well you look stupid you look lovely i love it
29:46as we climb the spirits also rise white wine i'd love a cup of white wine fantastic thank you cheers
30:01gentlemen happy national day that's lovely what a day
30:06at the top there's quite a welcome
30:22i love it
30:28what's going on
30:31everyone's gone
30:37oh yodeling that is hilarious so of course
30:40yodeling evolved here as a way of communities communicating across the mountains so i'm sort of ish traveling in time
30:50dancing
30:53alphorns
30:56flag throwing and of course yodeling are on the cards
31:01it's a picture-perfect celebration of life in the mountains
31:14i've been tipped off that the best thing about national day is the traditional food
31:26and immersion in alpine produce
31:33i've seen your shows i mean complete fan yes yes absolutely enjoy the cheese it's made from the
31:39alpine herbs around here yeah with those cows uh just over there yeah fresh and local i mean dreamy
31:46swiss cheese
31:48swiss cheese represents a time-honored way of life
31:53every summer farming families move up to the high alpine pastures living under the same roof
32:00as their precious herds good morning good morning hi hi are you willie yes i'm really nice to meet
32:07you lovely to meet you lovely to see you i love your cows nice to see you billy bach's family
32:13has been farming above gashat for generations
32:19you would like to milk cow i would adore to do that oh i get i get a milking stool stretch on me
32:30okay
32:32try to keep down
32:36there we go
32:37oh the master of the altar balancing on a one-legged stool first tell me how to do it
32:42you close out the top yes and then you squeeze okay
32:48definitely oh you're
32:52yeah
32:54just fall down oh yeah i got it yeah i know you got it i do really have been told
33:00when i first did this when i was eight oh god that i had a natural that i was probably a
33:07a milkmaid back in a former life how am i doing that's good
33:17the milk goes directly into this huge copper cauldron
33:21oh come in oh this is lovely wife christina who's doing a lot behind the scenes it's so neat
33:35once the milk forms a solid curd the brilliantly named cheese harp cuts it into tiny grains
33:42she's making you just needs a time we're breaking the system i'm getting interim cottage cheese
33:50oh what a treat thank you you know willie this is really lovely for me when i was a kid
33:55the only things i ate were baked potatoes peas and cautious cottage cheese literally i had a slight
34:02food phobia i think until i was 15 so this is like the ultimate cottage cheese it's uh two years ago
34:10very you were on it yeah it was two years ago i was 15. oh that is delicious
34:18no additives in there philly then presses the curd into those characteristic wheels
34:24i've just seen what's up here you see the stones up there they are there since the hut is standing
34:37yes it's 1792 yeah but it still worked this system came with the house so this is a bit of mountain
34:44that's now going to help make the alpine cheese then it's soaked in salt water before being stored in
34:51the cellar okay wow it's cold it's a good temperature for cheese yeah okay you see here
35:00that's the cheese from before yesterday yeah he has been there for one day 34 hours in the salt water
35:08yeah and now it goes on the bank it's a bit like being in a dream coming here you know what willie
35:14when i was little i read that book heidi ideas i should it's one actually one of the best-selling
35:20books in the world about a little swiss girl that grows up on the alps with her grandfather and i
35:26basically wanted to be that child when i grew up so you're fulfilling all my children yeah it's true
35:33it's real chemical analysis of ancient pottery dates cheesemaking in the high alps back at least
35:42three thousand years it's an age-old mouth-watering legacy this is the alberner alp cheese the young
35:52one yeah from last year one year old yeah and the old one the hobel case and this is a hobel yes and we
36:01can do that's it fine slice oh and this is um after three months this is raclette cheese oh and
36:10now we can eat it like just like much like soft soft cheese okay it has to begin with the youngest
36:16this one the right place this one then this and then this because this is a strong okay we'd say
36:24it should get a little stop okay i want to taste it all this is so delicious oh thank you
36:34i have to tell you this story that there was this roman emperor called antoninus pious and we're told
36:41that he died yeah because he had so much alpine cheese he loved it so much he ordered it and he
36:48died just outside rome because like once he tasted it he couldn't he couldn't stop stop but it's
36:53interesting that isn't it because the romans were here have been it were here 2 000 years ago
36:58and isn't that amazing to think of them transporting cheese from farms like yours
37:04all the way to the capital city yes all all over the world all over the world oh don't blame them
37:11no it's so good switzerland's alpine traditions are a storybook living treasure a way of life that's
37:23connected communities across valleys and generations flourishing in rhythm with the seasons and in harmony
37:31with the land my final treasure is a picturesque time capsule burn switzerland's capital city
37:55burn was founded in 1191 by the leader of a powerful local dynasty duke berthold v
38:08he built his city surrounded on three sides by the glacier fed waters of the ara river
38:15a natural fortress
38:19its street layout has hardly changed
38:25there are historic treats everywhere including a statue depicting duke berthold not as a man but a bear
38:39in armor the story goes that the duke decided to name the city after the first animal that he came
38:45across in a hunt and that was a bear so you'll find there are bears everywhere here
38:51not to mention some very real bears the animals have been kept as living symbols here for 500 years
39:07and to take it all in you can climb a 100 meter high masterpiece of late gothic art
39:15just 344 steps to the top
39:25i have to say this is not a bad effort given that i've just climbed up the tallest church tower in
39:31switzerland oh that is definitely definitely worth it look at that so someone who we think might have enjoyed
39:41this view was um one visitor to burn napoleon he actually took over the city and he left two legacies
39:47one one rather sad in that he stripped the city of its riches and used those treasures to fund his
39:55exploration campaign of egypt and the other is that when you're walking around the town you see that all
40:01the street signs are in different colors kind of you can make out four or sometimes five and the story
40:06goes that napoleon's troops were basically illiterate so they couldn't read the signage so the colored
40:13signage meant that they could stumble their way back to their barracks
40:22a landmark for all visitors for the last 600 years has been the seat blogger the time bell
40:30i've been invited in to experience um a magical mechanical wonder of them
40:42as the hour approaches the theater begins
40:47featuring roosters jesters chronos the personification of time and of course dancing bears
41:00the clock is still the beating heart of the city and it's pride and joy
41:16i've got a rendezvous with someone who is called the governor of time
41:33hi hello hello hello i've got to say i just love your title so the governor of time sounds like
41:42something that's a cross between the kind of medieval world and some science fiction movie
41:48how long has that title the governor of time been used here in berlin it's already since 500 years and
41:57i do that the last 10 years we are just four of us so what are your responsibilities so
42:03we come every day so between five and six in the evening and then we wind up
42:08all the five wheels we got here because this is it's right isn't it that this has been working
42:14continuously for almost just shy of 500 years yes 500 years and it's still running every day
42:20mechanical no electricity yeah and i'll tell you what i love about it because the mechanism is
42:26incredible but i love the symbolism outside as well with the bears and the lions and the planets it's
42:32like it's a clock full of messages right it was the master clock of switzerland and this was really
42:38important so the people knew what time is it and also which day is it what i'm just going to ask you
42:46why is it that the swiss are so good at time they seem a bit obsessed with time here well you know
42:51why are they such good clock and watchmakers maybe it's our dna that we got that inside but
42:59swiss became really punctual that's our public transport is so fantastic because it's always on time
43:08by the way one reason the swiss became such premier watchmakers was because protestant rules banned
43:16flashy jewelry so watches became a sneaky expensive alternative you have such a responsibility here
43:24do you ever have nightmares about something going wrong or you doing something wrong with the
43:29mechanism not really i trust the clock it worked since 500 years for me it's an honor to come here
43:39every day i feel the time and sometimes i talk to the clock wow thank you to have a good day and yeah
43:46it's a gift yeah it's a gift gift gift of time yes well i love it it's like stepping back in time here
43:53really a happy place that makes me happy too
44:02the timepiece is a technological marvel of its era and an inspiration across the ages
44:10in 1905 einstein was working here as a clerk he heard the bells ring in the tower and suddenly had
44:19this amazing daydream what would happen if he was sitting in a tram rushing away from the clock tower at
44:26the speed of light how would the hands on his watch turn in relation to the hands of the giant clock
44:33sitting in the tram his watch would still be ticking whereas the hands of the ziek logger would appear to stand still
44:47six weeks later he wrote a paper outlining his special theory of relativity
44:54before i leave there's a unique medieval marvel i've been told to check out
45:08this tapestry has been protected in burn for 500 years but its subject matter looks back much further
45:17in time to the life and deeds of julius caesar depicted here as a heroic medieval prince
45:25restoration started in 2012 mapping cleaning and repairing every millimeter a monumental effort
45:35to preserve another precious chapter in burn's story
45:44the city of burn reminds us that timeless places are actually full of clues to many times
45:51illuminating the past present and future
46:00the treasures of switzerland show us that even in massive majestic landscapes like this we can connect
46:08with each other across boundaries and across time and it's also a reminder that although we should
46:15never live in the past we can have rich lives if we learn respectfully and open-mindedly to live with it
46:33our friends and now we have to be able to the team
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