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Scientists at Scripps Research have made a game-changing discovery in the fight against cancer. They’ve uncovered how some tumors survive severe DNA damage using a backup repair method called break-induced replication (BIR). It’s fast but error-prone—and now, researchers believe this could be cancer’s hidden Achilles’ heel.

The key lies in a protein called SETX. When it’s missing, cancer cells build up dangerous R-loops in their DNA and become completely dependent on BIR to survive. By targeting BIR-related proteins like PIF1, RAD52, and XPF, scientists may be able to selectively destroy cancer cells—without harming healthy ones.

This could open the door to powerful new cancer treatments that exploit a tumor’s own survival strategy against it.

Watch now to learn how a tiny flaw could lead to a major breakthrough in cancer therapy.
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Transcript
00:00What if I told you cancer has a hidden survival trick,
00:03and scientists just found its weak spot?
00:05Our cells are constantly battling DNA damage.
00:08But cancer cells? They've got a sneaky backup plan.
00:11Researchers at Scripps just uncovered how some tumors survive even the worst DNA breaks.
00:16Normally, our cells use precise tools to fix DNA.
00:20But when that fails, cancer cells fall back on a risky repair method called BR—break-induced replication.
00:26Think of it like a desperate emergency repair crew.
00:29It works fast, but it's sloppy.
00:32That sloppiness keeps cancer alive, but also exposes a fatal flaw.
00:36The secret weapon here? R-loops.
00:39They're like twisted knots in our genetic code.
00:41And when a key protein called CETX is missing, these R-loops go wild.
00:46That forces cancer cells to rely entirely on BIR.
00:49Here's the twist.
00:51If we block BR, those cancer cells die.
00:54And the best part? Healthy cells don't need BIR, so they stay safe.
00:58This could lead to a whole new way to selectively destroy certain tumors.
01:02Not just the ones with CETX mutations, but many others that collect R-loops.
01:06We're not there yet.
01:07But this discovery just opened a powerful door in cancer therapy.
01:11One small flaw in cancer's armor might become its biggest downfall.
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