- il y a 11 heures
"L'Europe doit changer sa conception de la guerre moderne", déclare le chef de la défense de l'UE
Les incursions de drones dans l'espace aérien des Etats membres de l'UE modifient les doctrines de guerre, et la réponse de l'UE à ce problème reste inadéquate, a déclaré le commissaire chargé de la Défense et de l'Espace à Euronews. Sur ce point, l'UE peut tirer une leçon de l'Ukraine.
LIRE L’ARTICLE : http://fr.euronews.com/2025/12/02/leurope-doit-changer-sa-conception-de-la-guerre-moderne-declare-le-chef-de-la-defense-de-l
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Les incursions de drones dans l'espace aérien des Etats membres de l'UE modifient les doctrines de guerre, et la réponse de l'UE à ce problème reste inadéquate, a déclaré le commissaire chargé de la Défense et de l'Espace à Euronews. Sur ce point, l'UE peut tirer une leçon de l'Ukraine.
LIRE L’ARTICLE : http://fr.euronews.com/2025/12/02/leurope-doit-changer-sa-conception-de-la-guerre-moderne-declare-le-chef-de-la-defense-de-l
Abonnez-vous à notre chaine. Euronews est disponible sur Dailymotion en 12 langues
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00:00Sous-titrage Société Radio-Canada
00:30Montenegro
01:00Montenegro
01:02Montenegro
01:04Montenegro
01:06Montenegro
01:08Montenegro
01:10Montenegro
01:12Montenegro
01:14Montenegro
01:16Montenegro
01:18Montenegro
01:20Montenegro
01:22Montenegro
01:24Montenegro
01:26So, I'm pretty happy how the things are going so far.
01:29We have a stable government.
01:30We have, you know, full focus on reforms.
01:34July was a fantastic month for us.
01:36Like, a couple of months now as well, we are, again, speeding up with the execution in the parliament, which is very important.
01:42So, you know, I'm pretty happy how things are standing now.
01:46Is there a date that you're eyeing?
01:49And if yes, what is it?
01:51So, we had these two nice taglines.
01:56One was 28 by 28, to be the 28th member of EU by 2028.
02:03And the second one was 26 chapters by 2026.
02:08So, that was back then.
02:10Now it's a little bit less, but we are gunning for closing all the chapters by end of next year.
02:15And I think we have a really, really great chance to have a new member state in the mandate of this European Commission.
02:26So, when you talk about enlargement, there are two dimensions to this issue.
02:30There are the technical criteria that you all fulfill.
02:35And then there is the political will.
02:38Sure.
02:39Now, so far, there hasn't been a decision yet when Montenegro will be accepted.
02:47Do you fear that there are still some powers at work here that could derail your accession to the EU?
02:57Powers that you have no control over?
02:59I think that the technical side, like when you first mentioned, is extremely important.
03:07So, never to be forgotten that we need to do our fair share of the tasks.
03:12And we have to be ready for the entrance.
03:15And it's in our own interest.
03:17It's in the interest of the whole union.
03:21Because, obviously, we want, once we join the EU, we want to add value.
03:25We don't want to detract value.
03:28So, we want the EU to be richer with our sin.
03:31And this is truly what we really believe in.
03:34So, with all the reforms that we are going to do, with the economic growth that we will see in the next couple of years,
03:42we think we'll be a great candidate.
03:45And, you know, we'll be somebody that the EU will be richer with.
03:50Secondly, obviously, political support is very, very important.
03:54We need all the 27 member states to feel, truly believe,
03:59that it's in their national interest to see Montenegro as part of the EU.
04:04We need to convince them in that.
04:05And I think most of them, or I would say all of them, are more or less there.
04:10But we cannot relax.
04:12We have to be very, very focused on the great relations with all the 27 member states.
04:18Obviously, you know, like, there are member states that are a little bit more conservative towards the enlargement as a concept.
04:26So, we have to work very hard on those countries.
04:29They are the ones that are very focused on the rule of law.
04:32And, obviously, Balkan countries traditionally have been, you know, focused in terms of that.
04:40So, we have to do absolutely, you know, we've done a lot of reforms, as evidenced by the interim benchmarks last year.
04:47And as Chapter 5 that we closed this year, that's one of the fundamental chapters.
04:52But, again, this is just the beginning.
04:56We have to do a lot more.
04:57We have to showcase that we are doing a great job in terms of rule of law.
05:02There is big popular support in Montenegro for your country joining the EU.
05:07I think 80% or something of people in Montenegro want to join the EU.
05:13Do you fear that this level of support and excitement might decrease if the whole process keeps dragging on?
05:23I think that's a fair point.
05:26You know, that's a great question and fair point that you just made.
05:30And we see, historically, support for your accession of Montenegrins was always around 55-60%, 55-ish percent.
05:40There was a majority, but not a very strong majority, until this government came in.
05:45So, since we came in and the optimism about the EU enlargement really took, you know, people felt it's really real this time.
05:56You know, you had a plethora of prime ministers who were coming out in front of people saying,
06:00hey, you know, we are doing this for European integrations.
06:05We are politically trying to motivate the public administration to work hard, etc.
06:11But, you know, like public administration was not, at some point of time, was saying,
06:15hey, this is like the people are changing and the same story is going on.
06:19But I think, finally, this time around, people really believe it's possible.
06:26Montenegro is a very diverse country, culturally, ethnically,
06:31at a time when diversity almost has become a negative connotation.
06:38I want to ask you, to what extent do you think this diversity in your country will be an asset for Europe?
06:50That's a great point.
06:52And, you know, with tolerance, with the culture of building consensus,
07:01with culture of looking at the future, not looking at the past,
07:06or at the culture of non-zero-sum gain.
07:09So, as I say, like win-win, you know, striving for win-win situations.
07:16Even countries that are as diverse as Montenegro,
07:20which is, in Europe, there is no other country without ethnic majority.
07:25We are probably the only ones.
07:27You know, Montenegrins, 40-something percent.
07:29Then we have Serbs at 30 percent.
07:31We have Bosniaks, close to 20 percent.
07:33We have other groups like Albanians and Croats in significant numbers.
07:38Most recently, the Ukrainians and a bit of Turks and others.
07:44So, these are like, you know, the people, we are a very, very diverse country.
07:51But we are proud of that.
07:53Let's assume that Montenegro will join the EU soon.
07:56Do you think this would have a galvanizing effect for the whole process in the Western Balkans?
08:01This is what I'm trying to say.
08:03And I think we can be a fantastic bridge and a big help to all of the other countries,
08:08you know, to not only speed up reforms, but also to politically help them
08:12and to translate a little bit, you know, sometimes, you know,
08:19difficulty to understand the Western Balkan circumstances.
08:22That, you know, obviously, for the culture or other reasons,
08:27you know, it's not always easy to understand the Western Balkans.
08:29So, Montenegro has adopted the euro as its currency since 2002, I believe.
08:35We actually, we did this with Deutschmark first.
08:40So, we got grandfathered into the euro zone.
08:42Wonderful.
08:43So, you have the euro, you have aligned Montenegro's foreign policy with the EU.
08:48That begs the question, is there any alternative for Montenegro?
08:54You know, like, I'm not even thinking, nobody's thinking about the alternatives.
08:57You know, EU members, full membership of the European Union is what we are gunning for,
09:04what we are up there for.
09:05And I think that's, it's just a fair point.
09:08You know, we are surrounded by European Union.
09:13We are, as you already said, we are already, with CEPA now,
09:17just recently we have introduced CEPA to our system.
09:21Very soon we'll have free roaming with the European Union countries.
09:26So, we are integrating in the single market at the extent unseen until now.
09:31So, we are looking at, you know, we just had the European fantastic conference
09:36held in Lustica in Montenegro between European Union and Montenegro
09:42on the investments coming from EU.
09:45We are building our infrastructure using the EBRD, EIB and other IFIs coming from Europe.
09:52So, we are really, truly integrating further and further with Europe,
09:58with political Europe, with EU.
10:00So, this is, this is our goal.
10:02I want to follow up on this.
10:03Sure.
10:04Because you are, you have been touting Montenegro's green, sustainable development
10:10and digital transformation.
10:13You've talked about investment.
10:16What is it that Montenegro brings to the table?
10:19And some observers say that Montenegro was more progressive than some old EU members.
10:27You know, depends on the, I wouldn't compare us to anybody else.
10:31It's kind of difficult to compare because we are really a small country,
10:35which has its benefits as well.
10:37And being a small country and a country that is not really burdened with these ethnic tensions or,
10:44or, so this is, this is, this is a factor that basically relieves,
10:49and also our income per capita is highest of all the candidate states.
10:53So, as we are seeing with our most recent census,
10:57we, we have seen a slight increase in population in the last 10 plus years.
11:03So, we are not likely to see big emigration or people living Montenegro,
11:09but rather than actually some of the central or Western Europeans might consider living in nice weather
11:16and, you know, in a country of relatively low taxes as compared to the, to the other options.
11:22So, and the, the friendly system, nice food.
11:25And, you know, so Montenegro is, is, is a place that I think, you know,
11:29many Europeans, obviously, and, you know, many Montenegrins,
11:34many Montenegrin kids will go to universities around Europe.
11:37And, you know, many people from our public administration might come to work in Brussels.
11:42So, as, as, as a part of EU, you know, there'll be a labor movement.
11:45And, uh, I think, I think Montenegro is, is unlikely to see a big number of people leaving the country.
11:52But, uh, going back to the point of, of the benefits of Montenegro joining,
11:56I think we can be a fantastic, really good bridge to the other candidate states.
12:01As, as, through our ethnic, uh, ethnic fabric, uh, to our understanding of the whole region,
12:08through, through our shared history and the culture and, uh, and the values.
12:12I think we can really help, uh, bridge this gap that is sometimes existing.
12:18And also, I think what we, what we also bring to the table is, uh, is, as a, as a small dynamic economy,
12:26is a country that can be seen as, uh, uh, as, uh, as incubator of some of the, uh, more progressive ideas
12:34in terms of innovation.
12:35And it's not burdened with the old vested interests that some other, you know, big countries have.
12:41But, you know, we, we don't have, uh, we don't have as much, uh, developed these industries.
12:45So it's, it's naturally, we, we are positioned, we have a very, uh, uh, you know, it's not,
12:51it's not that hard to change our legislation, et cetera.
12:54We are much more flexible on this.
12:56On something totally different.
12:57Sure.
12:58So due to the wars in what used to be Yugoslavia, there is still a large stockpile of weapons
13:04in circulation, uh, in Montenegro.
13:07And, um, in, uh, together with Serbia, people own the most weapons in Europe, uh, namely 30,000,
13:1539 per 100 inhabitants.
13:18And this is surpassed only by the United States and Yemen, which is, of course, in a civil war.
13:24How does this dangerous legacy influence society?
13:29And are you at odds with the rest of Europe on this?
13:34No, this is, this is a great question.
13:36And, uh, this is, uh, this was what we were targeting this year, actually.
13:40So it's, uh, it's the newest measures that we, we've actually had thousands of pieces of weapons
13:46of the people voluntarily returning.
13:49Uh, we have increased the penalties for, for, uh, uh, for holding weapons without the,
13:54without the, uh, uh, proper permits.
13:57We have made the permitting system a very, very strict.
14:01So I think the number that you just, uh, that you took is probably from maybe three or four years ago.
14:08As of now, the number is at least, at least at half of that.
14:11So, uh, uh, because of the, because of the really swift action we've taken in the last, uh, in the last couple of years.
14:17So I think, I think definitely this is, uh, this, there, there, there are some of the remnants of the past, but we are overcoming this.
14:26Another remnant of the past is, um, uh, travel of Russians to Europe.
14:31The EU has, uh, restricted, um, a visa travel from Russians to the EU.
14:38What about Montenegro?
14:39There are a lot of Russians who own property in, in Montenegro.
14:43There are a lot of Russians coming and, and visit.
14:46What's going to happen once you're a member of the club?
14:51We follow the European, uh, common foreign security policy, uh, to the hundred percent extent.
14:58So as, as you have seen, and we, it's not only the current government.
15:02It's been like last five governments or something for 13 years.
15:07And this is, this is some, this is a very, uh, something that Montenegro is, is proud of and that we are, we are constructive.
15:16Uh, even before having membership status and membership benefits, we behave as a member state.
15:23So we will fully align with, uh, uh, with the visa policies of European Union.
15:28And there's absolutely nothing, uh, nothing, you know, uh, obviously, you know, we are tourist country primarily.
15:35So we are trying to get as many tourists from all kinds of places.
15:38The Russian tourists are actually, actually as not as numerous as they used to be before.
15:43Uh, the real estate holding that was maybe some 15, 20 years ago was way higher.
15:49Now it's, now the Russians are just like one of the groups, uh, including Germans, Italians, uh, Serbs, Bosniaks, Albanians,
15:57and the other, uh, other foreigners who are holding the real estate assets in Montenegro.
16:02So it's, it's much more diversified now.
16:04And, uh, uh, you know, this is, we are not, uh, we are not too worried about the, about the trends,
16:09but obviously as a tourist country, uh, uh, we are, we are, we're trying to, to have this, uh, uh, this policy, uh,
16:19we are trying to have this policy, but, uh, of the, as easy travel to Montenegro as possible.
16:24That said, we will fully align with, uh, with all the visa policies of European Union very soon.
16:31I have a personal question, if I may.
16:33Please.
16:34When you were, well, I was tempted to say young, but you are young.
16:38When you were younger, you studied in Japan and China.
16:42I did.
16:42I wonder how that experience has shaped your thinking.
16:47Um, you know, that this is a question that I don't get, get to be asked actually a lot.
16:52So, so thanks for that.
16:54Um, you know, I studied undergrad in, in Japan, uh, for five years.
16:59And I was, uh, I was under the Japanese government scholarship called Monbu Kagakusho.
17:04And it was at the time when Japan was like, uh, second largest economy in the world.
17:09And, uh, Japan was, uh, was a very, very significant partner to United States and to Europe.
17:14And this is actually something that I would like to work on politically as well, to be
17:19sort of a bridge between Japan and European Union in the future, amongst other things.
17:23I, I, I forgot to say that because of this, uh, this, uh, cultural and other ties that
17:29we, that I, I have with, with Japan.
17:31And, uh, you know, I feel it's, it's my, I can easily say my second home.
17:35And it's, I have a lot of friends in Japan and, uh, I stayed there for five years.
17:40I was actually, and that was on an exchange in, uh, Tsinghua University in Beijing on learning
17:45Chinese language.
17:46So, uh, so that's another, uh, uh, it was another blessing that I'm, I, I had from, from
17:51Asia.
17:52I lived afterwards in Singapore for six years, combining the, you know, Mandarin language,
17:57Japanese language skills and, uh, understanding of the, of the broader Asia Pacific region
18:01as, uh, as a distress credit analyst at Goldman Sachs.
18:05So these are all experiences that actually helped me, helped me in the job that I'm doing
18:09now in, uh, things that are, that actually I didn't believe would be useful to a politician.
18:15And if somebody asked me a six or seven years, would you be a politician and being, uh, in
18:20the role that I'm doing now, I wouldn't be able to say, uh, that I would believe that the
18:25person, I would think he was, he's crazy or something because I, I'm an introvert as a,
18:30as a, you know, personally, I'm not really a classical politician.
18:34I am not a classical politician, but that said, that said, I think, uh, the patience,
18:39uh, that, that is maybe not a characteristic for, for somebody my age, uh, mixed with the
18:47passion and mixed with the, with the, uh, resolution, uh, in Japan, they say Kodavari is
18:53like the focus on the, on the goal and focus on the, what you want to achieve.
18:56But at the same time, strategic patience and, uh, and also there's this concept called
19:02BA concept in Japan, which I think we should, uh, we should have more in Europe and in Balkans
19:10for sure, but in, you know, in Western cultures, uh, in general, you know, there is, uh, you should
19:18have your opinion, your contribution to the table, but at the same time, your contribution,
19:23your addition to the table shouldn't be detrimental to the harmony of the table.
19:30So while giving your addition and your, your, your, your card, your, you know, your cherry
19:36on top of the cake, you shouldn't destroy the cake.
19:40And this is something that I think we can definitely learn from the Japanese and we can learn from
19:45the Eastern cultures.
19:47And on that note, Loiko Spajic, prime minister of Montenegro.
19:50Thank you so much for coming on today.
19:52Great conversation.
19:54Thank you very much for calling me.
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