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00:00According to a new WHO report,

00:02more women are surviving pregnancy and childbirth than ever before.

00:07In just the last 23 years, we've seen a decline of 40% in maternal deaths.

00:13However, as unprecedented aid cuts take effect around the world,

00:18UN agencies are warning of a threat of major backsliding.

00:30We all know someone who's expecting a baby, right?

00:35Our maternal health expert, Dr. Femi Oladapo, is our expert on the show today.

00:40Welcome, Dr. Femi.

00:42You've had years of experience in the field delivering babies.

00:46Talk to us about what a mother needs to know about how she can have a safe pregnancy and delivery.

00:54Thank you, Vismita.

00:56The birth of a child is a major live event,

00:59potentially a time of hope, new beginning, and joy.

01:04But it can also be a time of fear and complications.

01:08For a woman to have a healthy pregnancy, for starters,

01:11access to routine medical check-ups and good nutrition

01:15are essential to prevent complications during pregnancy.

01:20What kind of tests are included in these antenatal check-ups?

01:24During these check-ups, a woman should expect to have tests like urine tests, blood tests,

01:30ultrasound, glucose screening, blood pressure checks, as well as monitoring of her baby's growth.

01:37And then in addition to these tests, what are the other things she should keep in mind during pregnancy?

01:43There are some warning signs that might indicate that a complication is about to set in.

01:47Women should watch out for things like vaginal bleeding, severe headache, or swelling of the legs.

01:54And if any of these emerge, a woman should contact her health care provider.

01:58Dr. Femi, let's talk about a major killer for women during childbirth, hemorrhage.

02:03Why are so many women still dying of hemorrhage in this day and age?

02:09It's a reality that maternal death is still a major issue worldwide.

02:14In 2023, 260,000 women died as a result of complications of pregnancy or childbirth.

02:22Hemorrhage is the leading cause of maternal death,

02:24and it accounts for over 25% of maternal death death occurred in 2023.

02:30If you look at that number, that is roughly 700 maternal deaths in a day,

02:34about one in every two minutes.

02:36That's like a jumbo jet crashing every day.

02:39High blood pressure disorders, known as pre-eclampsia, is another major cause.

02:43But the real tragedy is that many of these deaths are preventable.

02:48So clearly, hemorrhage is a big killer, but WHO has a solution that's turning the tide, right?

02:54Yes, exactly.

02:56The complications and serious health outcomes that are associated with postpartum hemorrhage

03:01are preventable if it's identified early.

03:03The key to this is rapid detection and effective treatment.

03:08Unlike in the past, where doctors and nurses, you know, guess the amount of blood that a woman is losing,

03:17WHO has come up with a powerful solution, a special plastic sheet that is called calibrated drape,

03:24whereby the blood loss of a woman is measured more accurately.

03:28So immediately after the birth of the baby, the healthcare providers would slip this beneath the buttocks of the woman.

03:35The blood loss is then collected.

03:37As soon as the blood loss reaches a certain point, in this case, 500 mls,

03:45a set of treatments are provided to the woman almost at the same time, within 15 minutes.

03:51From the study that was conducted, over 200,000 women were involved.

03:56This approach was shown to reduce severe blood loss of more than a liter, surgery to stop bleeding or death by as much as 60%.

04:05So, Dr. Femi, I remember when I was expecting my child, there were so many people to advise my mother, my relatives.

04:12But nowadays, it's even more, right?

04:15There's digital media, there's misinformation, there's good information, there's too much information.

04:21What is it that a woman needs to know about her rights while going through pregnancy and delivery?

04:28A very important question. A woman who is pregnant has the right to a safe, positive pregnancy, childbirth, and postnatal experience

04:37where they are treated with dignity and respect.

04:40They have the right to have a companion of their choice, to be with them throughout the pregnancy journey,

04:45including during labor and childbirth.

04:47They have the right to move around when they are in labor, and they have the right to choose the birth position.

04:52And she has the right to have pain relief.

04:55In terms of advice, I would advise women to consult their health care providers much earlier in pregnancy

05:02so that they can work out a plan, what we call a birth plan, to ensure that they have a safe pregnancy and childbirth outcome.

05:10When women have control of their health and lives, we see healthy mothers and healthy babies.

05:16Thank you, Dr. Femi.

05:17That was Science in 5 today.

05:19Until next time, then stay safe, stay healthy, and stick with science.

05:25Thank you.

05:27Thank you.

05:30Thank you.

05:31Cheers.

05:33Thank you.

05:34It's been amazing.

05:34It's interesting.

05:35Thank you.

05:44Thank you.

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