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00:00June 1950, hundreds of North Korean tanks storm across the 38th parallel in a surprise attack
00:14against South Korea. The North Koreans were totally vicious. They just kept on a coming.
00:22In a bid to stem the invasion, a small, ill-equipped U.S. force is quickly thrown into the fight.
00:28It's like Hustler's last stand, you know, when you've got to fight like hell to get out of there.
00:33It is just the beginning of what will become one of the most vicious conflicts of the 20th century.
00:38All of a sudden, all hell broke loose.
00:45They were swirming all over us. We was killing North Koreans laughing right.
00:51This is the battle for Korea, one of history's forgotten tank battles.
00:56I can't remember how, oh hell, this is it.
00:59This is the battle for Koreans.
01:01Pamanjom, Korea
01:31This small village is situated on the 38th parallel, the de facto border that bisects the Korean peninsula.
01:38It's a place of hair-trigger tension, where North and South Korean soldiers stand face-to-face.
01:45And where one wrong move could reignite a war that started more than 60 years ago.
01:52June 25, 1950. 120,000 North Korean soldiers led by masses of Soviet-made tanks swarm across the border into South Korea.
02:09Since the end of the Second World War, Korea has been a nation divided, with a US-backed republic controlling the South, while Communists, supported by the Soviet Union, rule in the North.
02:21Determined to see the two Koreas united into a single Communist state, the Soviet Union has provided the North Koreans with military advisers, training, and most importantly, weapons.
02:35For the invasion, North Korea has amassed more than 1,100 heavy guns, 120,000 troops, and 250 T-34 tanks.
02:49Easily outnumbering the South Koreans, were able to field less than 230 heavy guns, 68,000 troops, and no tanks.
03:01The South Korean army was relatively untrained for conventional war, certainly not well armed, to fight an artillery and tank heavy North Korean army.
03:12The North Korean plan is to punch through South Korea's weak border defenses, seize the capital of Seoul, and rush south.
03:20The invaders are relying on surprise, overwhelming force, and speed.
03:24The basic concept was for the North Koreans to plow right through the infantry, and then create a mess behind the lines.
03:35In a sense, I suppose you call it mini-blitzkriegs.
03:39The mini-blitzkrieg works.
03:44North Korean tanks and infantry quickly overwhelm South Korean defenses along the 38th parallel.
03:51By June 28th, they're in Seoul, and they seem unstoppable.
03:56The United Nations intervenes, and the U.S. immediately deploys a few hundred soldiers from their garrison in nearby Japan.
04:11Their mission? Halt the North Koreans, and buy time for reinforcements to arrive.
04:17On July 5th, the lightly armed GIs of Task Force Smith take up defensive positions near Osan, directly in the path of the advancing North Koreans.
04:27I think most of the GIs who deployed really believed that because this was an Asian army, that somehow it was inferior.
04:36Well, they found out, of course, that the North Koreans were pretty tough.
04:40We got there about 5 o'clock in the morning, 7 o'clock, they hit us.
04:47So, three men start to try to hold a hill.
04:52They had trucks in the back of the tanks, all loaded with troops.
04:55Somebody said there was two divisions behind them tanks that we know.
04:59They were outnumbered.
05:01There were 406 guys trying to fight the two divisions in all them tanks.
05:06North Korea's main battle tank is the Soviet T-34-85, outfitted with 45 millimeters of sloped frontal armor, and armed with an 85 millimeter main cannon.
05:20The T-34-85 is considered by many to be the greatest tank of the Second World War.
05:27First guy run down the hill, opened a hatch, threw a grenade in, and the first tank blew it up.
05:33Kind of like sit on the hatch so they couldn't jump out, and it blew up.
05:42So, another guy kept hitting with the old bazooka.
05:48We thought that bazooka would not go out, but we didn't.
05:54It looked like if he had a tennis ball, that's how it bounced off.
05:59This one guy put 20 in one tank.
06:03Then he knocked it out.
06:09Circle around you, and then you gotta, it's like Custer's last stand, you know?
06:22And you gotta fight like hell to get out of there.
06:26Digging on a hill a little bit like that, just like firing artillery.
06:35I lost a lot of my buddies, someone digging down in the front there.
06:39I lost a lot of them.
06:41I was still to see their faces sometime.
06:51We were fighting to stay alive, and it just, it just didn't work.
07:02We were pulling the rear guard.
07:07We start trying to, you know, make a position to hold him back,
07:11because we ain't got nothing like that.
07:13They had a tunnel, and I see these engineers drilling holes,
07:17they're putting dynamite all over the place.
07:19Then they had the plunger, you know?
07:22We're trying to get them right inside so that it'll block the tunnel,
07:25and when it blows, all that ammo will be blowing all over the place.
07:29But the sergeant got kind of nervous.
07:32He says, let's blow it now and get out of here.
07:37The old man says, let's start moving back, and we're all getting cut off.
07:41They were coming like, say, 20 to one.
07:47After holding the line for seven desperate hours,
07:50the American GIs are forced into a fighting retreat.
07:53And by the next day, half the men of Task Force Smith are killed, wounded, or captured.
08:02The North Koreans continue their advance,
08:07and U.S. commanders scramble to get reinforcements into the battle.
08:11Soon, thousands more American troops arrive,
08:15including an understrength battalion of light M-24 reconnaissance tanks.
08:20The M-24 is designed more for speed than for armored battle.
08:25Its hull is equipped with only 25 millimeters of armor,
08:29and its main cannon is a low-velocity 75-millimeter gun,
08:34not designed to take on heavier tanks like the T-34.
08:39But despite their shortcomings,
08:41the M-24s rush to meet the advancing North Korean tanks.
08:45We were retaking this ground,
08:50and we were at the top of a hill getting ready to go down.
08:54And out in the valley, there was two T-34s.
09:00The Air Force was coming in, shooting rockets at them.
09:04They hit the footage from the 7-1-5.
09:08There was two jets, and they took off.
09:11I think they had opened up on the other one,
09:13and they may have thought they had him,
09:15because they quit moving.
09:19But after they had left,
09:21that first one started moving, and he was on fire.
09:28The train commander said,
09:29well, he ain't moving on his own.
09:30And he started looking.
09:31He says, that second one's pushing him out the road.
09:34He's pushing him right out the road.
09:36And the second one's coming on up.
09:41The tank commander gave the range 200 yards.
09:44What you're taking,
09:45you get your weapon down to 200 yards,
09:47and you get that tank where you saw him in the crosshair,
09:49and you fire.
09:51The first shot hit right over the way the driver.
09:54He had his hatch up.
09:56And I hit right above it.
09:58And it just bounced off like I was shooting that elephant
10:01with a BB gun.
10:03And the tank commander says,
10:08fire at will.
10:11Second shot hit him.
10:14Third shot hit him.
10:16Of course, all three just bounced off.
10:22Then people in that tank must have been laughing at me.
10:2685 millimeter, you better believe it looked like a telephone pole.
10:29A pair of dials.
10:30I can remember how, oh, hell, this is it.
10:35I said, that's all I got out.
10:40You were already hit.
10:44We're very lucky that he hit where he hit,
10:46because that was the thickest part of the tank.
10:49The shield on the 75 millimeter.
10:51If he had hit,
10:52he would have penetrated without a doubt.
10:53We'd all been killed.
10:54It wasn't too long till every tank we had was wiped out in our company.
11:07By the end of July, the North Koreans have pushed over 400 kilometers south.
11:12And have the Americans and South Koreans bottled up in a defensive perimeter around the seaport of Pusan.
11:21We were scared as hell, because we didn't know what was going to happen.
11:26We thought we'd be pushed out into the ocean.
11:29Because until we got help over there, we were really in big trouble.
11:34Very big trouble.
11:36June 25th, 1950.
11:48Hundreds of Soviet-made T-34 tanks lead 120,000 North Korean soldiers across the 38th parallel and invade South Korea.
11:57The United Nations condemns the attack, and a small advanced guard of American forces rushes to the Korean peninsula to bolster the weak South Korean army.
12:10But U.S. and South Korean troops are outnumbered and outgunned by the North Koreans.
12:16By the end of July, they're bottled up in a defensive perimeter around the seaport of Pusan and are on the brink of defeat.
12:23The situation is desperate, and U.S. commanders scramble to muster more troops and equipment, especially tanks.
12:33We finally arrived there, and I think it's just in time to be able to stop the North Koreans.
12:40We had just enough tanks to be able to let them think that we had tanks all over the front.
12:46But it wasn't that way.
12:47Our M4A3E8s, we could go 30 miles an hour from one position to another.
12:54The EZ-8 Sherman is the main battle tank of U.S. forces in the Korean theater.
13:00It made its debut during the Second World War, but what sets it apart from earlier Sherman models is its high-velocity 76-millimeter gun,
13:09adding a powerful punch to this quick and agile tank.
13:12And we were on the east side of the Naktang River, the enemy being on the other side of that river.
13:23Our 2nd Battalion had a mission to move on up to high ground on the left of the road.
13:28In my tank section, we moved to the right, facing the river, searching for any movement out there.
13:36We couldn't see anything.
13:40We were just there, watchful, to see what would develop.
13:46And something did develop.
13:56To my left run and across the road, where they, I believe it was F Company moving up on that hill, an enemy tank opened fire on them.
14:09I could see how the rounds were hitting, you know, causing some casualties.
14:17So I immediately checked to see where that tank was firing from, and I was able to locate it by the blast of its gun.
14:28And we were in defilated position behind this hill, and then we moved on up and engaged that tank.
14:39Then pulled back and go up and fire.
14:44My primary mission was to draw the fire to me and keep that tank from firing at those fellas that were out there in the open.
14:55Then that tank opened fire on me.
14:59And we exchanged rounds.
15:10This one particular one that went right over her.
15:14We almost had it at that time.
15:16In any case, I was glad that the enemy tank had ceased firing. Evidently it had cost some damage on him.
15:29So I did my job.
15:32Before we had jet fighters to come in and drop napalm.
15:35Everything was quiet after that.
15:45Although UN forces are outnumbered, North Korea's attempts to breach the Pusan perimeter fails.
15:52Daytime strikes by US warplanes cause chaos.
15:56And the North Koreans begin operating at night when American tanks are vulnerable to attack.
16:05I knew we were going to have a night attack.
16:09The enemy had already crossed the river onto our side.
16:12And if they were there that afternoon, they were going to hit us at night.
16:18Tanks at night, if you don't watch what you're doing, you can lose your tank in no time at all.
16:26If they don't know where you are at night, the enemy is going to want to draw your fire so that they can have a better idea of where you fired from.
16:38Cause then their line companies, they can move in on your tank.
16:44And that's the reason we don't fire at night, unless we absolutely have to.
16:50So we had had an outpost out there. The outpost has set up boogie traps.
17:02When that is set off, it has to be somebody out there.
17:10So when I heard that boogie trap explosion, I'm right away looking and then I see movement coming.
17:16And I see them coming.
17:20They opened fire.
17:24One of the rounds that hit my front slope.
17:33All of a sudden, there's a huge explosion on my face, you know.
17:38And it knocked me out.
17:43Then that's when I realized that we got a direct hit on our tank.
17:47I had a headache for a long time.
17:48So then I instructed my other tank commander, I said, when I open fire, you open fire.
17:57And then I'll be aiming to the right, you aiming to the left.
18:00And then we gave them this, you know, the crossfire.
18:11So we're going to have people running in, away from where the tracers are going, and the same way over here.
18:16So when they do that, then we catch them.
18:17And that's the idea.
18:18Right after we got through firing, all we could hear was enemy wounded out there.
18:32But anyway, we won that night.
18:35By early August, the steam has gone out of the North Korean attack.
18:41After six weeks of fighting, they've lost almost 30% of their initial strength.
18:46And every day the UN forces hold the Pusan perimeter, they get stronger as reinforcements pour into the port city.
18:56The North Koreans must act quickly.
18:59They prepare to throw everything they have left into one last armored assault, hoping to take Pusan and complete their invasion of Korea.
19:07July 1950.
19:20After a week of desperate fighting, the outnumbered and outgunned United Nations forces managed to keep their foothold on the Korean peninsula.
19:28The U.S. military forces are going to take a long run.
19:30The U.S. military forces are going to take a long run.
19:34Buying time for the arrival of more men, ammunition and tanks.
19:39And while U.S. forces grow stronger, the North Koreans are suffering significant losses.
19:45And by August, their once mighty invasion force has lost most of its punch.
19:50With time quickly running out, the North Koreans mount one last offensive.
19:54A two-pronged armored assault aimed at penetrating the UN line at Masan.
20:01And across the Naktong River, near the city of Tegu.
20:05That's where we saw our first action at, was when the T-34s tried to come across the Naktong and bust the Pusan perimeter.
20:16But they never progressed against the M-26s.
20:18We were camouflaged. They didn't know we was up there.
20:27And the platoon leader told us, don't fire till I give the word.
20:32He assigned each of our tanks a tank to fire at.
20:42We knew the range. We had everything down pat.
20:45And then all of a sudden he said, fire.
20:50The M-26 perishing is designed for tank to tank combat.
20:57Its hull is protected by 76 millimeters of armor.
21:00And armed with a 90 millimeter main cannon.
21:03More than powerful enough to take on a T-34.
21:05And we had an armored piercing cap.
21:12And the muscle velocity was 4,850 feet per second.
21:17And when that round hit that tank, I mean it just lifted the turret right off of it.
21:24And it was gone.
21:25And it just breaks that cast metal up.
21:31I think that they were shot.
21:33And they never fired around at us.
21:36They were trying to get away.
21:37Them tanks flew apart all around them.
21:40We fired at them and knocked out four more.
21:48We had no fear of them after a while.
21:50We didn't fear the T-34s.
21:52North Korea's last big push fizzles.
21:58And UN forces go on the offensive.
22:01The plan?
22:02US Marines will land at Incheon and advance east.
22:06While UN forces break out of the Pusan perimeter and push north.
22:10The aim is to cut off and destroy the retreating North Korean army.
22:17We ran into retreating T-34 tanks.
22:22One popped out of a side road or out of a rice paddy, you know, within a thousand yards.
22:42Fire moved, fire moved, because you didn't want to stay in one spot.
22:45The rounds were going over us, around us.
22:56And they shouldn't have missed, but they did.
23:00We had a round that glanced off the turret.
23:04But it hit at a glancing blow, so it didn't explode.
23:08It's kind of hard to hit with the M4, a moving target.
23:12So we're war-sided.
23:15You know, open the, uh, breach and just look down the barrel of the gun.
23:19You know, if it was that close.
23:21And then put a round in and fire it.
23:24The gunner put one right down the muzzle of the T-34.
23:26Fielded it back like a banana.
23:27They must have had a round in the chamber, because the turret just erupted, which was spectacular.
23:43They said the T-34 was a good tank back during the Second World War.
23:55But the Russians knew how to use their tanks.
23:58The North Koreans didn't know how to use them.
24:00They were not tank people.
24:02So we didn't have too much problem with the tanks.
24:07Now the infantry, oh boy, they raised all kinds of tanks.
24:09I mean, they could sneak up on you where they would swarm over your tanks and throw grenades down into your, uh, engine compartment.
24:22The rear tank, he's always with his turret backwards, covering our back.
24:28The second guy, he was to the left.
24:30The third guy was to the right.
24:32The front guy was to the front.
24:33And that's the way you covered each other.
24:34Yeah, if you get a bunch of North Koreans swarming on the tanks, you just fire on them and start shooting them up.
24:42The North Koreans just didn't seem to give a rip when they was coming at you.
24:54They were like the Japanese when they had bonsai charge.
24:58In one skirmish, I remember that, uh, the, uh, North Koreans was crawling all over our tanks.
25:04Well, the gunner, he just swung the, uh, the barrel there of the turret around and knocked them all off.
25:12And the guys in front of us seen what was going on, so they just turned their turret back towards us and started shooting them off.
25:19They were swarming all over us. We was killing North Koreans left and right.
25:36I can remember a couple of times that, uh, we got into a firefight and they were shooting their small arms at us.
25:40Well, it wasn't just like somebody throwing popcorn against the side of a tin can.
25:44Despite desperate resistance from the retreating North Koreans, MacArthur's forces advanced steadily.
25:53And by October, they'd driven the North Koreans back across the 38th parallel.
25:59American soldiers begin talking about being home for Christmas.
26:04But they are about to learn the Korean War is far from over.
26:09General MacArthur said, take it all away.
26:14Hey, we'll never forget.
26:19Alteric forces away 10 to ہو.
26:24October 7th, 1950.
26:30Four weeks after fighting their way out of the Pusan perimeter, United Nations forces push north,
26:38forcing the tattered North Korean army back across the 38th parallel.
26:44We were under the impression that if everything was over with, we would be home for Christmas.
26:51And General MacArthur decided different.
26:54Well, they didn't think that we were going to cross the 38th parallel.
26:58And then General MacArthur said, take it all away.
27:06The 70 Thankmutan B Company was the first unit to enter Pyongyang, the North Korean capital.
27:13And they had tanks dug in in the streets.
27:17So what we did, we skirted the city, and we come in from the north, and they couldn't but traverse their turf.
27:24There were guns around the farthest. They dug them in.
27:27And before they could get them out and turn them around, we done wiped them out.
27:31By mid-October, U.S. forces occupy Pyongyang.
27:43But the war is still not over.
27:45General MacArthur, determined to pursue and destroy the entire communist army,
27:50sends infantry and tanks deep into the mountainous North Korean interior.
27:54By the last week of November, they approached the Yalu River, the border between North Korea and Communist China.
28:06The night of the 25th of November, we went further north into the Chungcheong River Valley.
28:11What happened that night, it always went into a circle, you know, just like when you see a cowboy movie where you have covered wagons in a circle and then the Indians were taking them.
28:25I told my time crew, y'all go ahead and go to sleep.
28:29I said, I'll take the first watch.
28:31By that time, heck, it was about 9 o'clock in the evening.
28:36I looked down the valley, and I could see two or three small bonfires.
28:42Nothing moving. Everything was quiet.
28:47And I'm just sitting there, and then I start thinking about, you know, going home for Christmas,
28:52and what it's going to be, and we're going to be happy, and all this.
28:56And all of a sudden, all hell broke loose.
29:09The A Company got the worst there.
29:11There was plunging fire coming out down from that high ground.
29:15And I said, oh, I don't want my crank up, and we're going to turn the tank around.
29:28Instinctively, you know that once they stop, then we would get hit from this side with the same volume of fire,
29:35and that's what you call the double-envelopment maneuver.
29:40Well, I was ready for them.
29:42I'm checking the area, and sure enough, I saw this enemy coming up from the river.
29:55And when they did, we were already prepared to engage them.
29:59Like I said, prepare five AT delaying, 76-millimeter rounds.
30:03We were ready to fire.
30:04Then I started to stop the enemy and stop.
30:12Who goes there?
30:13And they still didn't stop.
30:15And I said, fire.
30:18See, he fired.
30:20That round hit like this and bounced and exploded right over this guy's head.
30:25Knocked them all out.
30:26Got them all.
30:27And as soon as it began to get daylight, one individual came running up to my tank and said,
30:42Sergeant Raina, can I go out there and check for souvenirs?
30:47I said, no, there's bound to be some live enemy troops out there.
30:52He went anyway.
30:53And he went no further than, heck, I'd say 35 yards out and turned around and ran just as fast as he could back to me.
31:00He said, Sergeant Raina, there's a Chinese out there.
31:04What Sergeant Raina has just encountered is the beginning of a massive Chinese offensive.
31:12A 300,000 man strong invasion force intent on driving UN forces out of Korea.
31:19After a seven week long advance through North Korea, UN forces reached the Yalu River on the Chinese border.
31:36The North Korean army seems beaten at last.
31:39But on the night of November 25th, the Americans and South Koreans come under attack.
31:44But this time, it's not the North Koreans, but the Chinese.
31:52Threatened by the American advance towards their border, the People's Republic of China launches an invasion force,
31:58300,000 strong, to attack UN positions.
32:04The Chinese had figured out, because they didn't have much artillery, had no air support to speak of,
32:10that they were going to have to fight us in an entirely different way.
32:14To get into the rear areas, disrupt the artillery infantry team,
32:18and to take tanks out of the combat equation.
32:22It's like a foot blitzkrieg.
32:25When they were given a mission, the Chinese, they did not divert from that mission.
32:30They kept on coming, no matter how many got killed.
32:34It's fearful.
32:38Because they have no respect for their life, why would they respect your life?
32:43U.S. and South Korean forces are shocked by the magnitude and ferocity of the Chinese attack.
32:51And all along the front, UN forces are easily overwhelmed.
32:55We looked at the mountain path where we came up three days before that.
33:02And they mined the road over there.
33:04There was no way down except down the side of this mountain.
33:08I mean, it was a steep mountain.
33:11Sergeant Mann said, hey, we stay up there and we get killed, and we're not going to get killed.
33:16We're going to get out of here.
33:18Old Sergeant Mann said, Billy, what do you think?
33:24Billy said, well, let's try her.
33:26You can only wind up at the bottom.
33:32Down the side of that mountain, he had gravel, stones, shale.
33:37Like going down the side of the end of a gravel pit.
33:41We slid probably halfway down that dumb thing with tracks locked.
33:48We slid quite a ways.
33:50I'd say maybe 500 yards down that steep mountain off that mountain pass.
33:57But Billy kept it right straight downhill.
34:00And we got down to the bottom, down into the valley.
34:03There was three of us tanks that got out of there at that time.
34:13The rest of them was still up there.
34:15And that's when the 2nd Division just got about annihilated.
34:26It was a well set up ambush, very well set up.
34:28And we got caught in Kunri, what they call the gauntlet.
34:38They didn't realize how many Chinese were in North Korea at the time.
34:43And then they just started coming and coming.
34:48That gauntlet was 17 miles.
34:50And they murdered and, I mean, they just caught heck.
34:58You get all this equipment trying to come down out of Kunri Pass.
35:04Well, the Chinese had it covered on both sides of that gauntlet.
35:08And it was just nothing but blowing up vehicles all over the road.
35:17We lost probably 3,800 men, I guess, what they told us.
35:21I don't know.
35:25Wounded, killed, and prisoners.
35:28It was just a big mess.
35:30It was just like a junkyard.
35:34But it was a scary experience.
35:38In just a few days, the Chinese wipe out almost half of the 2nd Infantry Division.
35:43It's the same grim story all along the front.
35:47And by November 28th, UN forces are in full retreat.
35:52We kept withdrawing.
35:54We went back south of the South Korean capital, back south of Seoul.
36:00And, you know, the ground that you fight for and people die for,
36:05and you start withdrawing.
36:08Now that really gets to your heart.
36:10Believe me, it does.
36:11I don't know.
36:12I don't know.
36:13I don't know.
36:14I don't know.
36:20November 25th, 1950.
36:24A Chinese army of 300,000 crosses the Yalu River into North Korea.
36:30The Korean War, which UN forces thought they were winning, takes a lethal new turn.
36:37In just three days, UN forces are in full retreat.
36:42By December 15th, the Chinese have pushed them back across the 38th parallel.
36:47We kept withdrawing and withdrawing.
36:49We went back south of the South Korean capital, back south of Seoul.
36:55And we reorganized and started to push back north.
37:03We got up here just north of Seoul, and it was kind of raining, drizzle, and a miserable day, and we went up on this mountain going across.
37:17That night, fog set in, and like the old saying is, it was thick enough you could cut it with a knife.
37:24I've never saw fog that heavy in my life, and we heard these enemy tanks.
37:33And we knew they was moving.
37:41They gotta be on the road.
37:43And we knew that.
37:45But we couldn't distinguish where the road was at.
37:47And we waited and listened.
37:52Well, they pulled my tank right up where the road dips over and goes down the other side of the mountain.
38:00And we were sitting there.
38:01And I couldn't see nothing.
38:03Nobody could.
38:05And the first thing we knew, this tank hit us.
38:07Boom.
38:11And we never saw that tank until it hit us.
38:15Absolutely, it hit us.
38:16And then he fired the gun.
38:30And that upset everything inside the tank.
38:33We could put our gun over, but we couldn't put it on the tank because it had hit the side of the tank.
38:40And he couldn't get his gun over to knock us out.
38:42What I was afraid he'd do is back up and jerk loose, and then blow us away.
38:48It would have been like a quick draw, whoever got the round there first.
38:54Yeah, we fired the machine guns.
39:02This went on for a while, and we had to get somebody to come over and go around where they could get a shock inside the tank.
39:08We turned our headlights on, and in the midst of the headlights, he said he still couldn't really see the tank, but he could see what he thought was the tank.
39:19When he fired, it was the tank.
39:21For the next eight months, the battlefront shifts back and forth across the 38th parallel, with UN forces gaining ground only to lose it to Chinese and North Korean counterattacks.
39:39By the summer of 1951, a year after it began, with fast mobile tank battles, the Korean War grinds down into a bloody stalemate.
39:50Tanks, so important in the early fighting, are now used mainly as mobile artillery.
39:56In July 1953, both sides sign a ceasefire, and take up heavily armed positions along the 38th parallel.
40:08And now, this heavily occupied border remains a tinderbox.
40:13More than one and a half million troops, over 15,000 artillery pieces, and 6,000 tanks are poised on both sides, ready to reignite the decades-old conflict.
40:27There is no question that if this should happen, tanks will once again play a critical role on the Korean battlefield.
40:33Armour is a combat armour of decision. They are decisive, fast, and they carry our wallet.
40:46The introduction of US armour onto the Korean battlefield helped to turn the tide of war against the North Koreans.
40:54But these battles proved costly for both sides.
40:57In just the first six months of the war, over 60,000 North Koreans are killed or wounded, and US forces suffer more than 25,000 casualties.
41:09It was an experience that a young kid should never have to go through.
41:17There's a lot of guys that died there, a lot of guys that were taken prisoner there.
41:20I did the best of my ability, and tried to stay alive.
41:29A lot of it you go through, you try to forget it, but it's hard to forget a lot of it.
41:35You just live up with it, that's all you can do.
41:37You just live up with it, that's all you can do.
42:07There's nothing.
42:11You.
42:15You.
42:19Terramo, One.
42:21There we go.
42:24Two write stringing.
42:26ら
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