Hawking Bilimsel Olarak Tanrının Olmadığını İspatlıyor

Sorgulayan Trakyalı

Tanrı yok diyen Stephen Hawking, bilimsel verileri kullanarak bunu kanıtlıyor. Hawking belgeselinde Hawking ateizm  veya Hawking ateist sorularına Hawking audiobook tadında  Hawking dini ya da Hawking dizi gibi cevaplıyor.   Stephen William Hawking, İngiliz fizikçi, kozmolog, astronom, teorisyen ve yazar. Stephen Hawking, Einstein'dan bu yana dünyaya gelen en parlak teorik fizikçi olarak kabul edilmektedir. Stephen Hawking 12 onur derecesi almıştır. Stephen Hawking 1982'de CBE ile ödüllendirilmiş, bundan başka birçok madalya ve ödül almıştır.  Doğum tarihi: 8 Ocak 1942, Oxford, Birleşik Krallık Ölüm tarihi ve yeri: 14 Mart 2018, Cambridge, Birleşik Krallık Çocukları: Lucy Hawking, Robert Hawking, Tim Hawking Eşi: Jane Hawking (e. 1965–1995)  #stephenhawking #Tanrı #Bilim #celalşengör #celalşengöraçıklama  #ateist #din #Stephenhawkingfilm #hawkingeinstein #Stephenhawkinggenius #hawkinghayatı

Transcript

00:00I recently published a book that asked if God created the universe.

00:04It caused something of a stir.

00:07People got upset that a scientist should have anything to say on matters of religion.

00:14I have no desire to tell anyone what to believe,

00:17but for me, asking if God exists is a valid question for science.

00:23After all, it is hard to think of a more important or fundamental mystery.

00:30Then what, or who, created and controls the universe?

00:35The universe is a machine governed by principles or laws,

00:41laws that can be understood by the human mind.

00:47I believe the discovery of these laws has been humankind's greatest achievement.

00:53For it's these laws of nature, as we now call them,

00:57that will tell us whether we need a God to explain the universe at all.

01:03For centuries, it was believed that disabled people, like me,

01:08were living under a curse inflicted by God.

01:11While I suppose it's possible that I've upset someone up there,

01:15I prefer to think that everything can be explained another way,

01:19by the laws of nature.

01:23So what exactly is the law of nature, and why is it so powerful?

01:28Is that these physical laws, as well as being unchangeable, are universal.

01:33They apply not just to the flight of a ball, but to the motion of a planet,

01:43and everything else in the universe.

01:47Unlike laws made by humans, the laws of nature cannot ever be broken.

01:53That's why they are so powerful, and when seen from a religious standpoint, controversial too.

01:59If you accept, as I do, that the laws of nature are fixed,

02:06then it doesn't take long to ask, what role is there for God?

02:11This is a big part of the contradiction between science and religion,

02:16and although my views have recently made headlines,

02:20it is actually an ancient conflict.

02:23Science does not deny religion.

02:25The dust offers a simpler alternative,

02:28but several mysteries remain.

02:31After all, if the earth moves,

02:33could it be God that moves it?

02:36Ultimately, did God create the universe in the first place?

02:40I believe it's a cosmologist's duty

02:43to try and work out where the universe came from.

02:46Luckily, it's not quite as difficult as it seems.

02:50Despite the complexity and variety of the universe,

02:56it turns out that to make one,

02:58you need just three ingredients.

03:00Let's imagine we could list them in some kind of cosmic cookbook.

03:05So, what are the three ingredients we need to cook up a universe?

03:09The first is matter.

03:13Stuff that has mass.

03:16Rock, ice, liquids, vast clouds of gas,

03:22massive spirals of stars,

03:24each containing billions of suns,

03:26stretching away for incredible distances.

03:30The second thing you need

03:32is energy.

03:35Look up at the sun,

03:37and you can feel it on your face.

03:42Energy produced by a star

03:4493 million miles away.

03:50Energy permeates the universe,

03:53driving the processes that keep it a dynamic,

03:58endlessly changing place.

04:01So, we have matter,

04:03and we have energy.

04:05The third thing we need to build the universe

04:07is space.

04:11Lots of space.

04:14So, where could all this matter,

04:17energy, and space

04:19come from?

04:21We had no idea

04:23until well into the 20th century.

04:26Albert Einstein.

04:28Sadly, I never got to meet him,

04:31since I was only 13 when he died.

04:33Einstein realized something quite remarkable.

04:37That two of the main ingredients

04:39needed to make a universe,

04:41mass and energy,

04:43are basically the same thing.

04:46Two sides of the same coin, if you like.

04:49His famous equation,

04:50E equals mc squared,

04:53simply means that mass

04:54can be thought of as a kind of energy.

04:58and vice versa.

04:59So, instead of three ingredients,

05:02we can now say the universe

05:04has just two.

05:07Energy

05:07and space.

05:09So, where did all this energy and space come from?

05:13The answer was found after decades of work by scientists.

05:17Space and energy

05:19were spontaneously created

05:21created in an event we now call

05:23the Big Bang.

05:29At the moment of the Big Bang,

05:32an entire universe full of energy

05:34came into existence.

05:36And with it,

05:37space.

05:39It all inflated,

05:41just like a balloon being blown up.

05:44So, where did all this energy

05:49and space come from?

05:52We can use the laws of nature

05:54to grasp the very origins of the universe

05:57and discover if the existence of a god

06:00is the only way to explain it.

06:02The great mystery

06:04at the heart of the Big Bang

06:05is to explain

06:07how an entire,

06:08fantastically enormous universe

06:10of space and energy

06:12can materialize

06:13out of nothing.

06:18The secret lies

06:19in one of the strangest facts

06:21about our cosmos.

06:22The laws of physics

06:23demand the existence

06:24of something called

06:26negative energy.

06:28To get your head

06:30around this weird

06:31but crucial concept,

06:34let me draw a simple analogy.

06:36Imagine a man

06:37wants to build a hill

06:38on a flat piece of land.

06:41The hill

06:42will represent the universe.

06:52To make this hill,

06:54he digs a hole in the ground

06:55and uses that soil

06:57to build his hill.

07:02But of course,

07:03he's not just making a hill.

07:06He's also making

07:07a hole.

07:09In effect,

07:10a negative version

07:12of the hill.

07:14The stuff that was in the hole

07:16has now become the hill.

07:18So it all perfectly balances out.

07:24This is the principle

07:25behind what happened

07:27right at the beginning

07:27of the universe.

07:29When the Big Bang

07:30produced a vast amount

07:31of positive energy,

07:33it simultaneously

07:34produced the same amount

07:36of negative energy.

07:40In this way,

07:41the positive and the negative

07:42add up to zero.

07:45Always.

07:47It's another law of nature.

07:49So where is all this

07:55negative energy

07:56today?

08:00It's in space.

08:03This may sound odd,

08:06but according to the laws

08:07of nature concerning gravity

08:09and motion,

08:10laws that are among

08:11the oldest in science,

08:13space itself

08:14is a vast store

08:16of negative energy.

08:17enough to ensure

08:20that everything

08:21adds up to zero.

08:25The universe

08:26is like an enormous

08:28battery

08:29storing negative energy.

08:32The positive side of things,

08:34the mass and the energy

08:35we see today,

08:37is like the hill.

08:38The corresponding hole

08:40or negative side of things

08:41is spread throughout space.

08:44So what does that mean

08:46on our quest

08:47to find out

08:48if there is a god?

08:52It means that

08:53if the universe

08:54adds up to nothing,

08:55then you don't need

08:57a god to create it.

09:00Since we know

09:01that the positive

09:02and negative

09:03in the universe

09:04adds up to zero,

09:05all we have to do now

09:07is work out what,

09:08or dare I say who,

09:10triggered the whole process

09:12in the first place,

09:13down to the atomic level,

09:16and right down

09:18to the subatomic level,

09:21and you enter a world

09:24where conjuring something

09:26out of nothing

09:26is possible,

09:28at least for a short while.

09:32That's because at this scale,

09:34particles such as protons

09:36behave according to

09:38to the laws of nature

09:39we call

09:39quantum mechanics.

09:41And they really can appear

09:43at random.

09:46Stick around for a while

09:48and then vanish again

09:50to reappear somewhere else.

09:55Since we know

09:56the universe itself

09:57was once very small,

10:00smaller than a proton,

10:01in fact,

10:02this means

10:03something quite remarkable.

10:05it means

10:07the universe itself

10:08in all of its

10:10mind-boggling

10:11vastness and complexity

10:12can simply

10:14have popped

10:14into existence

10:16without

10:17violating

10:18the known laws

10:20of nature.

10:22In a nutshell,

10:24do we need a god

10:25to set it all up

10:26so that the

10:27Big Bang could

10:28bang?

10:29I have no desire

10:33to offend

10:34anyone of faith,

10:36but I think

10:36science has

10:37a more compelling

10:38explanation

10:39than a divine creator.

10:41who

10:56who

10:56have

10:57died

10:59because

11:00there

11:00have

11:02become

11:02everlasting

11:03and

11:03go

11:04to them

11:05and

11:05the

11:07second

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