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00:00Women who change the world.
00:30After all, tomorrow is another day.
00:35Margaret Mitchell, Gone with the Wind.
00:38Margaret Mitchell was born on November 8, 1900, in Atlanta, Georgia, into an Irish Catholic family.
00:45At an early age, even before she could write, Mitchell loved to make up stories,
00:50and she would later write her own adventure books, crafting their covers out of cardboard.
00:55She wrote hundreds of books as a child, but her literary endeavors weren't limited to novels and stories.
01:03At the private Woodbury School, Mitchell took her creativity in new directions, directing and acting in plays she wrote.
01:11In 1918, Mitchell enrolled at Smith College in Northampton, Massachusetts.
01:17Four months later, tragedy would strike when Mitchell's mother died of influenza.
01:22Mitchell finished out her freshman year at Smith, and then returned to Atlanta to prepare for the upcoming debutante season,
01:30during which she met Berrien Kennard Upshaw.
01:33The couple was married in 1922, but it ended abruptly four months later,
01:38when Upshaw left for the Midwest and never returned.
01:41The same year she was married, Mitchell landed a job with the Atlanta Journal Sunday magazine,
01:48where she ended up writing nearly 130 articles.
01:52Mitchell would get married a second time during this period,
01:56wedding John Robert Marsh in 1925.
01:59As seemed to be the case in Mitchell's life, though,
02:03yet another good thing was to come to an end too quickly,
02:06as her journalist career ended in 1926 due to complications from a broken ankle.
02:13With her broken ankle keeping Mitchell off her feet, however,
02:16in 1926 she began writing Gone with the Wind.
02:20Perched at an old sewing table and writing the last chapter first and the other chapters randomly,
02:26she finished most of the book by 1929.
02:28A romantic novel about the Civil War and Reconstruction,
02:33Gone with the Wind is told from a Southern point of view,
02:36informed by Mitchell's family,
02:38and steeped in the history of the South and the tragedy of the war.
02:42In July 1935, New York publisher Macmillan offered her a $500 advance and 10% royalty payments.
02:50Mitchell set to finalizing the manuscript, changing characters' names.
02:54Scarlet was pansy in earlier drafts, cutting and rearranging chapters,
02:59and finally naming the book Gone with the Wind,
03:02a phrase from Sonara, a favorite Ernest Dowson poem.
03:07Gone with the Wind was published in 1936 to huge success,
03:11and took home the 1937 Pulitzer.
03:14Mitchell became an overnight celebrity,
03:17and the landmark film based on her novel came out just three years later,
03:20and went on to become a classic, winning eight Oscars and two special Oscars.
03:26During World War II, Margaret Mitchell was a volunteer for the American Red Cross,
03:30and she raised money for the war effort by selling war bonds.
03:34She was active in home defense, sewed hospital gowns, and put patches on trousers.
03:39Her personal attention, however, was devoted to writing letters to men in uniform,
03:44soldiers, sailors, and Marines,
03:47sending them humor, encouragement, and her sympathy.
03:49Margaret Mitchell was struck by a speeding automobile
03:53as she crossed Peachtree Street at 13th Street in Atlanta with her husband John Marsh
03:58while on her way to see the movie A Canterbury Tale on the evening of August 11th, 1949.
04:05She died at age 48 at Grady Hospital five days later on August 16th
04:10without fully regaining consciousness.
04:13The driver, Hugh Gravitt, was an off-duty taxi driver
04:16who was driving his personal vehicle when he struck Mitchell.
04:20After the accident, Gravitt was arrested for drunken driving
04:23and released on a $5,450 bond until Mitchell's death.
04:28Margaret Mitchell was buried at Oakland Cemetery, Atlanta, Georgia.
04:33When her husband John died in 1952, he was buried next to his wife Margaret.
04:38Mitchell was inducted into Georgia Women of Achievement in 1994
04:42and into the Georgia Writer's Hall of Fame in 2000.
04:47Gone with the Wind was her only novel.
04:56Women Who Changed the World
04:58the University of BethER
04:59Women a Communist Party
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