- 5 giờ trước
Countryfile - Season 37 Episode 40 -
A Tale of Two Ciders
A Tale of Two Ciders
Danh mục
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Vui nhộnPhụ đề
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01:35Cảm ơn các bạn đã theo dõi và hẹn gặp lại
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06:17Từ đó chúng ta sẽ sống cho mình và trò hợp chúng.
06:19Chúng ta sẽeen giữ phần bài như một chút nữa.
06:22Làm hôm top nào cũng có dài này, có thể chỉ dùng cá thịt bài và tiêu lấy tặng bài?
06:27Nó sẽ có thể thịt bài?
06:28Ở đây khi nấu con cưới, họ muốn nấu được bài,
06:31có thể có một chiếc hoạt trạng bài,
06:32nhưng mà em thịt bài chỉ có một phần bài,
06:34còn ở đây là một bài này, nhưng hay một phần xương tử.
06:36Chúng tôi sẽ ăn một.
06:41Chúng tôi như thế nào cũng không thể bài đồng lượng.
06:43Chúng là không phải đùa một chiếc?
06:44Vậy về hình có có một gi bát tán nữa...
06:52Nên thì sẽ trở về sánh nó rất thua.
06:54Vậy sao chắc này.
06:56Vậy sao không lẽ được?
06:59Vậy thì đừng có tạo ra cả mấy th Hee Đà Độ?
07:03Sẽ không có thuộc về hình thường chúng tôi không.
07:06Thụi sao?
07:07Hãy trở về chương trình của cờ đó.
07:09Dạy tồn phân bậc đề tiết ông lửa.
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16:18Here in Herefordshire tradition runs deep in the orchards
16:21Here in Herefordshire tradition runs deep in the orchards
16:37But off Scotland's east coast it's all about the future and Britain's race to net zero
16:44We are a world leader in offshore wind power with some of the biggest wind farms on the planet
16:50But what's the cost to our seas and coastal communities?
16:55Tom has been given exclusive access to a groundbreaking research trip that's trying to find out
17:00The UK government says it wants 95% of Britain's electricity to come from clean energy sources by 2030
17:12And offshore wind is leading the charge
17:15With plans to quadruple production
17:18The number of wind farms out at sea all around the UK could soar from 45 to over 120
17:27Thanks to 84 new projects in the pipeline
17:31But what about the cost to nature and is all this happening too quickly?
17:37We know about the climate change benefits of wind farms
17:41But scientists say we know relatively little about the long term impacts on wildlife and the sea
17:48There's this trade-off between biodiversity, food security and energy security
17:56There's so much we don't know
17:58For the last decade Professor Beth Scott from the University of Aberdeen
18:02Has been studying how wind power affects marine life
18:05Wind farms can actually change how the oceans mix
18:09So which means they can change the temperatures in the ocean
18:12The amount of plankton
18:14They can change how much oxygen actually comes from the surface down to the bottom
18:18And these are really important things
18:20What's going to happen to our plankton?
18:22When our planktons change, our fish might change
18:24If our fish change, our seabirds will change
18:26Our fishing will change
18:28Our mammals will move
18:29Changes may be very small and very subtle
18:31And one wind farm, two wind farms, who cares?
18:34But we are going to put in hundreds of wind farms
18:37Offshore wind developers have to carry out assessments
18:42Before new turbines can be built
18:44To work out how they will affect the environment around them
18:47But Beth believes with gaps in our knowledge
18:52Those assessments are falling short of being able to measure the full impact
18:57The biggest one usually that people think about is collision risk for seabirds
19:01The other big thing, noise
19:03When the construction is going on, that really affects mammals
19:06And then the big way that people are looking at this
19:09Is impacts by looking at each layer
19:11But they don't think about how those things interact
19:14So there's a lot of gaps in what actually is going to happen
19:17With all these things happening together
19:19But if you're saying this is a problem, you know
19:21Surely this suggests that things haven't been done quite right in the past
19:24What we're saying is it hasn't been looked at
19:27So what has been missed off that agenda
19:29Is what happens in the water column
19:31And I was saying the analogy is like farming
19:34It's like thinking about the soil, the mammals and the birds
19:38And never talking about the crops
19:40So what's happened is we don't know what's going to happen
19:43When we put these wind farms in
19:44But our limited knowledge may be about to change
19:49Countryfile has been given exclusive access to the RRS Discovery
19:54As it sails from Aberdeen on a research expedition
19:57The ship is part of a government-funded project
20:02Aiming to speed up our understanding of the environmental effects
20:06Of offshore wind farms
20:07Professor Jonathan Sharples leads this work
20:12So you can just see over there
20:14There's a floating offshore wind farm at King Coindon
20:17And who's on board, apart from your good self?
20:19So we've got physicists, chemists, biologists
20:21We've got people from my University of Liverpool, people from Southampton University
20:25Scottish Association for Marine Science
20:27When you're trying to pull all these different disciplines together
20:29You've got to get a pretty wide variety of people
20:32And all these people are focused on the same question, are they really?
20:35What is the environmental impact of these things in the sea?
20:38Yeah, so different aspects of it
20:40So some are looking at the physics
20:41Some are looking at the chemistry of the nutrients
20:43Some are looking at the biology of the plankton
20:45So what is this bit of kit going to tell us?
20:47We lower it from the sea surface all the way down to the bottom
20:49It tells us the temperature
20:51So it tells us about those different layers in the ocean
20:53And then also shows us where the biology is
20:56While many effects of offshore wind turbines remain uncertain
21:03Their impact on birds is among the most studied
21:06And has raised concerns
21:08More than 100,000 seabirds
21:11From razorbills to puffins
21:13Call Falshugh Nature Reserve near Stonehaven their home
21:17But they are about to have a new neighbour
21:20Berwick Bank is due to be built roughly 30 miles from here
21:24With up to 307 turbines
21:27It could become one of the world's largest offshore wind farms
21:31And several wildlife groups
21:33Including RSPB Scotland
21:35Have criticised the Scottish Government's decision
21:38To approve the scheme
21:39I'm meeting their head of policy
21:42Adan Smith
21:44We know that the projections show that
21:47Tens of thousands of seabirds potentially could be killed
21:50From some of the worst projects
21:51Which are coming forward at the moment
21:52That's a big number
21:53How do they die?
21:55There's two or three main ways that they die
21:57One, they could be hit by them
21:58Second mechanism is that they spot them
22:01And wisely stay away from them
22:02In a kind of scarecrow effect
22:03But if that's an important place
22:05For those seabirds to be feeding
22:06And they can no longer use it
22:07Then they may starve
22:08And then the kind of third impact is that
22:10If they're placed between where the seabirds nest
22:12And where they feed
22:13Then they've got to go longer round
22:14And they're living right on the edge
22:16Of what's viable already
22:17And that means they can no longer survive
22:18There are a bunch of potential
22:20Wider, longer term implications
22:22From wind farms
22:22That we don't yet know about
22:23I mean in many ways
22:24There's a bit of an experiment underway
22:26Because we've just not really built
22:28Structures like this
22:29In that type of natural environment
22:30Before anywhere in the world yet
22:32We've seen some really big declines
22:34In some seabird populations
22:35So they're already under huge pressure
22:36But one of those drivers
22:38That the seabird declines
22:39Is climate change
22:40Maybe, you know
22:41A few birds in peril
22:42Is a price we have to pay
22:44For halting climate change
22:45Absolutely
22:45But of course for that very reason
22:47We need to do it
22:47Whilst minimising impacts
22:49On seabirds as well
22:50And we can do that
22:51We don't need to be building projects
22:52In the most sensitive places
22:53And we need to be moving to deeper water
22:55Where typically you get fewer seabirds
22:57And so fewer conflicts
22:58The Scottish Government said
23:01It comprehensively examines
23:03Offshore wind applications
23:04Before deciding whether to approve them
23:06They added that they
23:08Will continue to take account
23:10Of the evolving evidence base
23:11As part of
23:12A robust decision making process
23:15Considering the need for development
23:17Alongside potential impacts
23:19To the marine environment
23:20And other sea users
23:22As not only some wildlife groups
23:25Are unhappy about a massive expansion
23:27Of offshore wind farms
23:28The fishing industry
23:30Has serious concerns too
23:32I've come to Peterhead
23:34One of Europe's largest fishing ports
23:37Where some 265 million pounds worth of fish
23:40Was landed last year
23:41It is a huge business
23:43And one that fishers are worried
23:45Could be damaged by wind turbines
23:47Elspeth MacDonald
23:49Is from the Scottish Fisherman's Federation
23:51They're going to conflict
23:53With a lot of our
23:54Very important fishing grounds
23:56We're very worried
23:57Just about the displacement
23:58Of fishing from those areas
24:00We really have no idea
24:02What the environmental effect
24:04Of them is going to be
24:05On our fish and shellfish stocks
24:06Well you say that
24:07Isn't an exclusion for fishing
24:09Actually very good for fish
24:11Well not if we can't go
24:12And fish them somewhere else
24:14If that's a really important
24:15Fishing ground
24:16And the grounds that have been
24:17Proven to be productive
24:18For many decades
24:19Continue to be productive
24:20And where we've got good
24:21Sustainable renewable stocks
24:23Then it is a problem
24:24Do you accept that
24:25Climate change is a threat
24:26Offshore wind farms
24:27Are a big part of the solution
24:29We know we can't continue
24:30To have an energy system
24:32Based on fossil fuels
24:33But betting the house
24:35On offshore wind
24:36When we know so little about it
24:37Just feels to us
24:38Like a high risk strategy
24:39We believe that putting them
24:42In places that don't cause
24:44The same conflicts of fishing
24:45Is the solution
24:46Scotland, Britain
24:47Leading the world
24:48In offshore wind
24:48A source of pride for them
24:50Perhaps not for you
24:51Well I think you can be
24:53A global leader
24:54But I'm also worried
24:55That we're going to be
24:55A global guinea pig
24:56So how does the wind industry
25:00Respond to these concerns
25:01Renewable UK is the trade association
25:05Representing Britain's
25:06Renewable energy sector
25:07Catroot Stephens
25:09Is their head of environment
25:11And consents
25:12Overall do you acknowledge
25:14That wind farms
25:16Are bad for wildlife
25:17Well no actually
25:19So the developers
25:21They're always looking at ways
25:22That they can make sure
25:24These projects integrate
25:26In the environment
25:27And we're actually trialling
25:29Lots of new innovations
25:31Which we call
25:32Nature friendly engineering
25:34Or nature inclusive design
25:35And this involves
25:37Putting special textures
25:38And crevices
25:39Into say like the foundations
25:41On wind turbines
25:42So they can be colonised
25:44By seaweed and crustaceans
25:46Which then bring in fish
25:48Into that area
25:49And then there's an overall
25:51Net benefit in biodiversity
25:53Around these offshore wind farms
25:55What about the impact on fishing
25:56I mean representatives
25:57From the industry
25:58Have said the growth
25:59In wind farms
25:59Could be catastrophic
26:00We understand the sea
26:02Is becoming a busier space
26:04So we're looking at how
26:05We can all work together
26:06To share that space
26:07So each developer
26:08And each project
26:09Will have a dedicated
26:11Fisheries liaison officer
26:12Who's often come
26:13From the fishing sector
26:15So they understand it
26:16Really well
26:17Given what we're learning
26:18About the potential
26:19Environmental impact
26:20Of these things
26:20Are we rolling them out
26:21Too fast?
26:23I don't think we are
26:24Actually Tom
26:25I think we're in a
26:26Climate emergency
26:27So we need to move
26:29Really quickly
26:29To a renewables based
26:31Energy system
26:32The UK government
26:34Told Countryfile
26:36That they're making sure
26:37Our seabed is sustainably
26:39Unlocked for offshore wind
26:41Avoiding the most
26:42Environmentally sensitive areas
26:44And minimising impact
26:46On fishing and marine life
26:47They have also promised
26:49360 million pounds
26:51To support the next generation
26:53Of fishers
26:54And say they're
26:55Bringing thousands
26:56Of skilled jobs
26:57To coastal towns
26:59Through offshore wind projects
27:00Back on board
27:03The RRS discovery
27:04And its voyage
27:05To investigate
27:06The environmental impact
27:07Of offshore wind farms
27:08The samples from the sea
27:10Are now coming in
27:11So how do we get this
27:14To the microscope?
27:14I'm going to get you
27:15To rinse everything
27:17Off the mesh
27:18With this?
27:18Yep
27:18So that's just filtered seawater
27:20And it's all going to go
27:21Through the funnel
27:21Into the sample pot
27:23Louise Gow
27:25Is from the Scottish
27:26Association for Marine Science
27:28You can see here
27:30We've got arrow worms
27:32These sort of
27:33Bean sprout looking things
27:34Going across
27:35And then we also
27:37Oh they all move
27:37Yeah yeah
27:38They're all alive
27:38All moving
27:39We've got some
27:40Polychaetes
27:41These sort of
27:43Feather light looking ones
27:44And then we've also got
27:46These copepods
27:47You see the pigmentation
27:48On all of them
27:49Yeah
27:49So these are crustaceans
27:51And they suddenly
27:52Flick and move
27:52Yeah yeah yeah
27:53They have a lot of energy
27:54Yeah yeah yeah
27:55These plankton pack a punch
27:57They're the foundation
27:58Of the ocean food chain
28:00And pump out about
28:01Half the oxygen we breathe
28:03Why do these tiny
28:04Kind of microscopic things
28:05Matter in our story
28:06You know when it comes
28:07To epic huge wind turbines
28:09So we think
28:11These wind turbines
28:12Might increase the growth
28:13Of these
28:14At the moment
28:15Our understanding
28:16Of how the climate's changing
28:17Is that the biological
28:18Productivity of a place
28:19Like the North Sea
28:20Is likely to drop
28:21So the wind turbines
28:23Might actually be operating
28:24Against that
28:24And helping us
28:25Maintain the productivity
28:26And you have to have these
28:28If you don't have these
28:28You don't have fish
28:30This major discovery
28:35Of how wind turbines
28:36Could change plankton numbers
28:38Along with other findings
28:40By the research teams
28:41Is being used
28:42To develop accurate modelling
28:44Which aims to show
28:45The effects
28:46Good and bad
28:46Of offshore wind farms
28:48Not just on seabirds
28:50And the fishing industry
28:50But impacts
28:52For the whole ecosystem
28:53And it won't just look at today
28:56It'll show us
28:57What might happen
28:58Over the next 25 years
29:01Should we slow down
29:03The deployment of wind
29:04Until we know
29:05Some of the answers
29:05I would say
29:06Climate change
29:06Is just too
29:07Too much of a problem
29:09We should know the answers
29:10We're working directly
29:11With the big developers
29:12And with the fishing industry
29:14And we're really trying
29:15To come up with solutions
29:16That speed things up
29:18Don't slow things down
29:19From harvesting the wind
29:30To harvesting apples
29:32I'm inside a country
29:34This traditional orchard
29:37Is right on the edge
29:38Of the western site
29:40And obviously it's important
29:41Because it provides apples
29:43But these old orchards
29:45Are much more important
29:46Than that
29:47In fact they're critical
29:48To the local wildlife
29:49One such orchard
29:53Lies in Boddenham Nature Reserve
29:55Around 10 miles north
29:57Of Hereford
29:58Here Toby Fountain
30:00The nature recovery officer
30:02For Herefordshire Wildlife Trust
30:03Has a very important job to do
30:06We're at the traditional orchard section
30:09Of Boddenham Lake Nature Reserve
30:11It's famous for the wetland
30:14Where you can see things like otters
30:16And wetland birds
30:16But we've also got
30:18Arguably Herefordshire's flagship habitat
30:20Which is traditional orchard
30:21It's only really been recognised
30:24In the last 20 years or so
30:26That orchards
30:27Despite being man-made
30:28And despite being agricultural
30:29Are in fact
30:29One of the most biodiverse habitats
30:31We have in Britain
30:32So I'm here today
30:33To see if this lovely
30:35Traditional orchard
30:36Here meets the standard
30:38To be a protected site
30:39For wildlife
30:40So this fallen fruit
30:45To some people
30:45Might look like a waste
30:46But this is one of the reasons
30:47Why orchards
30:48Unlike most habitats
30:49Are actually really vibrant
30:51And come alive this time of year
30:52Because this is a fantastic food source
30:54For a variety of wildlife
30:55Insects like bees and butterflies
30:59Feed on the rotting fruit
31:01Which in turn
31:02Attracts mammals and birds
31:04So this is very important
31:05So this is very much a period of transition
31:07In terms of birds
31:08We've got some of the iconic breeding species
31:10Associated with orchard
31:11Like redstarts
31:12One of my favourite birds
31:14I think possibly the most beautiful songbird in Britain
31:17Lovely red tail
31:18Black face mask
31:20Ashley grey head
31:21And if I had to name a county bird of Herefordshire
31:24That would be the one
31:25But coming in
31:29A new cast of species
31:30Is arriving from colder places
31:32So we're getting
31:33Fieldfarer and redwing
31:35Which are two types of thrush
31:36Which love to feed
31:38On this rotting fruit
31:40Over the winter
31:41A fantastic food source
31:43That's actually quite a rare butterfly
31:45One second
31:46I'm not actually joking
31:49So this is a clouded yellow
31:51This is a migratory butterfly
31:52First one I've seen this year actually
31:53Typically clouded yellows first appear in the UK
31:57Each year around May
31:59Butterflies are quite common in orchards
32:02At this time of year
32:02They're stocking up on the sugar
32:04From these fallen fruit
32:05So things like red admirals
32:07Peacocks
32:08And a lovely clouded yellow
32:09I actually don't remember a time
32:13Where I wasn't obsessed with nature
32:14It all began really
32:17In my childhood garden
32:18And just being stood by a buddlier bush
32:20Watching all the peacocks
32:21And red admirals
32:22What a magical little experience
32:24You know
32:24Even those little experiences
32:25In your garden
32:26Can really go a long way
32:27Sparrowhawk
32:37Death on wings
32:39This is probably the most exciting
32:43And interesting feature of this habitat
32:45And this orchard has an abundance of it
32:48And that is standing deadwood
32:50And the reason why standing deadwood
32:54Is so exceptional for wildlife
32:56Is that it's exploited
32:57By wood boring invertebrates
33:00You can see the tunnels
33:01Of what are probably beetle larvae
33:03In the wood
33:04Now deadwood is much softer
33:07And therefore more accessible
33:08To animals that feed
33:10On wood boring invertebrates
33:12And one of these
33:13Is what I think
33:14Is the most interesting
33:15And mysterious breeding bird
33:17In Britain
33:17And that is
33:18The lesser spotted woodpecker
33:19I've only ever seen
33:23Three in my life
33:24And I was absolutely shocked
33:25The first time I saw one
33:26They are teeny tiny
33:28The size of a sparrow
33:30Much smaller than the common
33:31Great spotted woodpecker
33:32And because of their tiny size
33:35They are less able to bore
33:36Into harder livewood
33:38And therefore need an abundance
33:39Of this soft crumbly deadwood
33:42Where they can access
33:43The wood boring invertebrate
33:45Food source that they need
33:46So this is a beetle larvae
33:48Which is living inside the tree
33:49Feeding on decaying organic matter
33:52Which is very inaccessible
33:53To most birds
33:54Which is why woodpeckers
33:56Have evolved this ingenious niche
33:58To exploit this very, very
34:00Valuable food source
34:01So as of today
34:06On the basis of the survey
34:08That I've conducted
34:09And the evidence I've collected
34:10This site will officially be
34:12A separate traditional orchard
34:15Local wildlife site
34:16Despite the fact that it's part
34:18Of an existing nature reserve
34:19This will recognise
34:20The unique ecological attributes
34:22That this special habitat provides
34:24It obliges that
34:26Whoever owns this orchard
34:27In the future has to maintain it
34:29As this special habitat
34:30And that it cannot be built on
34:32So this will hopefully ensure
34:34The integrity and character
34:36Of this fantastic habitat
34:37I feel immensely privileged
34:41To be doing this for a living
34:42Because I feel like
34:44On a small level
34:45I'm securing the future
34:46Of some extremely important habitats
34:48And I hope that people
34:50Like the four-year-old self
34:51That I used to be
34:52Who was curious and naive
34:53And wanted to know everything
34:54About the natural world
34:55Can come to places like this
34:57And recognise
34:57Why they're so valuable
34:59Why they're so interesting
35:00For many, many years to come
35:01And this week is BBC Nature Week
35:05So what better time
35:07To explore the wild outdoors near you
35:10To find more outdoor inspiration
35:12Go to bbc.co.uk
35:14A few weeks ago
35:28John, Hamza and guest judge
35:30Dame Maggie Adairin Pocock
35:32Had the mammoth task
35:34Of sifting through thousands of entries
35:37To our annual photography competition
35:39This is going to be a tough job
35:41And you know, each year they get better
35:44Each one hoping for a place
35:46In this year's Countryfile calendar
35:48And the wait is over
35:51It's finally time to reveal
35:52The winner of the Countryfile photographic competition
35:55And also unveil the Countryfile calendar
35:58For 2026
36:00Which we sell in head of BBC Children in Need
36:03And I have the first one here
36:05With the winner's photo on the cover
36:07It's hot off the press
36:08This year's theme was Wild Encounters
36:13And we had an incredible response
36:16More than 17,000 images were sent in
36:20Capturing the beauty of our countryside
36:23From rugged landscapes
36:26To whimsical wildlife
36:29Your photos truly impressed and inspired us
36:33As always, narrowing them down
36:36To just 12 for the calendar
36:38And choosing a judge's favourite
36:41Was no easy task
36:42And then we asked you
36:44To vote for the one that you like best
36:47And when the votes were in
36:49There was no doubt
36:50One photo swept the board
36:53It was both the judge's choice
36:55And it won the viewer's vote
36:57And this is it
36:58Aurora Arborealis
37:01By John Ray
37:02From Stirlingshire in Scotland
37:04A lone tree
37:05Against the Northern Lights
37:07John's photograph
37:10Will not only appear on the cover
37:12Of the 2026 Countryfile calendar
37:14And feature as the image for December
37:17But he'll also receive a £1,500 gift card
37:21Towards photographic equipment
37:23For winning both the public vote
37:25As well as for being the judge's favourite
37:27Hello John
37:31Nice to meet you
37:32And you
37:33And congratulations
37:34Thank you very much
37:35You're a double winner
37:36Thank you very much
37:36You must be very proud
37:37Very honoured, yeah
37:38And I hear you almost didn't take it
37:40That's correct, yes
37:41It was my eldest son Stephen
37:44Who's also into his photography
37:46He called me one night
37:47And I was in bed
37:48He has this app
37:49That shows you
37:50When there's going to be activity
37:51With the Aurora
37:52And he said
37:53Look, I'm going to go out
37:54Dad, do you want to come with me?
37:55And we'd tried before
37:56Without any success
37:57And then I thought
37:59Can't be bothered
38:00You know
38:00Just go out
38:01And let me know how you get on
38:02So I put the phone down
38:03And then I suddenly thought
38:05If he goes out
38:06And gets some good images
38:07I'm going to be really cross with myself
38:09It turned out to be very special
38:10Your photo
38:11And in fact
38:12I have it here
38:13Wow
38:13In this envelope
38:15If you'd like to open it
38:16And be the first person
38:17Including me
38:18Ever to see
38:19Oh Lord
38:20The 2026 calendar
38:21Oh my goodness
38:22OK
38:22Wow
38:24Ah ha
38:25Wow
38:26How about that?
38:28That's special
38:28That's the first time
38:29I've seen it in print
38:30Well lone tree
38:31Is a very favourite subject
38:33For lots of our photographers
38:34But to have
38:35The northern lights
38:36Behind that one
38:37Is so spectacular
38:38Isn't it?
38:39Yeah, thank you
38:40Yeah, it came out really well
38:41Any tips for viewers
38:42Who might be thinking
38:43About entering next year?
38:44Just have a go
38:45I mean
38:46Don't overthink things
38:47If you see something
38:48And you think
38:49That looks nice
38:49Take a photograph
38:51And go for it
38:52Well, congratulations to you
38:53Thanks very much
38:54Just one last thing
38:55Yeah
38:55Can I get a quick snap
38:56Before you go?
38:57Well, this is an honour
38:58Just there
38:59John would be fine
38:59OK
39:00That's superb
39:00Holding the calendar
39:01That's perfect there
39:03How's that?
39:04Ha ha
39:04Well, every photo
39:10In the calendar
39:10Was taken by viewers
39:12Like John
39:12So thank you so much
39:14To everybody
39:15Who took part
39:16In the competition
39:16And if you'd like
39:18To buy one of these
39:19Calendars for 2026
39:21Here's how you do it
39:22It costs £11.99
39:26Which includes UK delivery
39:28You can go to our website
39:30BBC.co.uk
39:32Forward slash countryfile
39:34Where you'll find a link
39:35To the online order page
39:37Or you can call
39:400330-333-4564
39:44To place your order by phone
39:46Standard geographic charges
39:49Will apply to both landlines
39:51And mobiles
39:52The phone line will be available
39:55From Monday to Friday
39:569am to 5pm
39:58And Saturdays
40:00From 10am to 4pm
40:02If you prefer to order
40:04By post
40:05Then send your name
40:07Address
40:07And a cheque
40:08To BBC Countryfile Calendar
40:10P.O. Box 25
40:12Melton Mowbray
40:14LE131ZG
40:17And please make your cheques payable
40:19To BBC Countryfile Calendar
40:21A minimum of £5.50
40:25From the sale of each calendar
40:27Will be donated
40:28To BBC Children in Need
40:30Over the years
40:33Your support
40:33Has helped
40:34The Countryfile Calendar
40:35Raise more than
40:36£33 million
40:37For BBC Children in Need
40:40The photographs
40:41Taken by viewers
40:42Not only brighten up
40:43Our homes
40:44But they help to
40:45Change the lives
40:46Of countless families
40:48Right across the UK
40:49So thank you
41:00Well it's a glorious
41:02Autumnal day here
41:03In Herefordshire
41:04But I wonder
41:04What the weather's
41:05Going to have in store
41:05For us for the week ahead
41:06Here's the Countryfile forecast
41:08It certainly has been glorious
41:18Across many parts of the country
41:19But also some of us
41:20Have been stuck
41:21Underneath the cloud
41:22With a big area
41:23Of high pressure
41:24Over us right now
41:25And the barometer's
41:26Pointing to little change
41:28In the week ahead
41:29It's going to be
41:30Mostly dry
41:31Areas of cloud
41:32Some sunny spells
41:33And mist
41:34And fog is expected
41:35In prone locations
41:37And here's a picture
41:38From earlier this morning
41:39On Sunday
41:40A fog bow
41:41With mist and fog
41:42Close to the ground
41:43And you've got
41:44The clearer blue skies above
41:45Now this satellite picture
41:47Shows how the cloud
41:48Is swirling
41:49Within the centre
41:49Of the high pressure
41:50It's from the last
41:51Few days or so
41:52And high pressures
41:53Usually mean
41:54That the atmosphere
41:55Is stuck over us
41:56Right now
41:57It's not really
41:57Changing an awful lot
41:59And the wind's
42:00Blowing around like so
42:01So if you're in the centre
42:02Of the high
42:02That's where you
42:03Tend to get the light winds
42:04And the clear skies
42:05And it's all part
42:06Of a bigger pattern
42:07You can see in the atmosphere
42:08This is the jet stream
42:09When you have two areas
42:10Of low pressure
42:11Either side of the high pressure
42:12This is called an omega block
42:14You don't get much change
42:15That high pressure sticks around
42:16And that of course
42:18Means we don't get
42:18Any weather fronts
42:19Heading our way
42:19Which means
42:20It is going to be dry
42:21And this is the rainfall
42:22For the next few days
42:23All the rain is being
42:24Deflected towards the north
42:25Towards Norway
42:26So the forecast then
42:28For the rest of Sunday
42:29And into Monday
42:30The centre of the high pressure
42:31Is clear and calm here
42:33But where we have
42:34Clear and calm weather
42:35We also have mist and fog
42:36So there could be some
42:37In the lowlands
42:37Perhaps Northern Ireland
42:38Around the lakes
42:39And further south
42:40But almost anywhere
42:41With clearer skies
42:42Could see some mist and fog
42:44But it doesn't last
42:45For very long
42:46It does tend to lift
42:47And clear to those clear blue skies
42:49So glorious weather
42:50For some of us
42:51But this part of the country
42:52In fact many areas of England
42:53Could be stuck underneath the cloud
42:55From around about Lincolnshire
42:57And the Midlands
42:58Southwards
42:58But despite that
42:59The temperatures
43:00Will still reach around
43:0117 or 18 Celsius
43:03In the warmer spots
43:04But it probably won't feel like it
43:06Because of the thick cloud
43:08The lack of sunshine
43:08Here's Tuesday
43:09More or less the same
43:10The centre of the high
43:11Is still around about
43:12The Irish Sea
43:13This is where we have
43:13The best of the weather
43:14And sort of the edges
43:15Of the high pressure
43:16Tend to be rather
43:17On the cloudy side
43:19So the high is still with us
43:20Tuesday
43:21And also into Wednesday
43:22One thing that's worth
43:24Mentioning is that
43:25It's not going to be
43:26Particularly frosty this week
43:27Of course this time of the year
43:28When we tend to have
43:29Cold highs
43:30And this is not a
43:30Particularly cold high
43:32But we do get the frosts
43:33But not on this occasion
43:34It's going to be relatively mild
43:36Both by night and by day
43:38And again on Wednesday
43:39You can see these values
43:40Around 14 to 16 Celsius
43:42There will be a tendency
43:43For the temperatures
43:43To perhaps drop a little bit
43:45As we go through
43:46The course of the week
43:47And that's because
43:47Not everybody's getting
43:48The sunshine
43:49So that sun's not
43:50Heating up the land
43:51But the high pressure
43:51Changes shape a little bit
43:53On Thursday
43:54It doesn't mean
43:55That the weather's
43:56Going to change an awful lot
43:57It just means that
43:58Some areas will have
43:59More sunshine than others
44:00And vice versa
44:00Some areas could be
44:01A little more cloudy
44:02Again with the atmosphere
44:04Blocked
44:05We're not seeing any
44:06Changes of air mass
44:07So that means that
44:08The temperatures are
44:09About the same
44:10But then things do
44:12Tend to change a little bit
44:13From around about
44:14Saturday onwards
44:14Look at this
44:15This area of low pressure
44:16Approaches the UK
44:16But it sinks southwards
44:18And yet another area
44:19Of high pressure
44:20Establishes itself
44:21Across the UK
44:24And that of course
44:24Means more dry weather
44:25So this is the outlook
44:27For this coming Friday
44:28The weekend
44:29And the following week
44:30I think the uncertainty
44:31Is from around about
44:33Sunday onwards
44:34So what happens
44:35In the following week
44:36Bit of a question mark
44:37We do need the rainfall
44:38Because of course
44:39Some parts of the country
44:40Are still in drought
44:42Bye bye
44:42We're in Herefordshire
44:53For a tale of two-siders
44:55Small batch makers
44:57Price character
44:58And tradition
44:59What a contraption
45:02But hand crafting
45:04Always comes with
45:05A premium price tag
45:06Big producers
45:08Keep supermarket shelves
45:09Full
45:10And prices down
45:11There is not an apple left
45:14Though some may argue
45:16Large scale lacks the soul
45:18Of traditional cider making
45:19Our hall of apples
45:25Has arrived at the
45:26Western cider mill
45:28Process team lead
45:30Jack Berry
45:31Is giving me
45:32Exclusive access
45:33Into the heart
45:34Of the operation
45:35Starting with
45:36The traditional oak vats
45:38You don't appreciate
45:39Do you
45:40Just how big they are
45:41These are massive
45:43Yeah
45:43These are quite small
45:44Compared to the biggest
45:45One we've got
45:45Around the corner
45:46So squeak's the biggest
45:48And these three here
45:49Hereford, Gloucester
45:50And Worcester
45:51Are the original three
45:52That hang with them
45:53Really
45:53So they're really old
45:55Yeah
45:56And still used
45:57Oh yeah
45:57Still used
45:58Yeah
45:58Still used today
45:58Oh the smell
46:01Oh the smell is lovely
46:02As you get around
46:02This corner
46:03The smell of the oak
46:03Yeah
46:04Jack wherever you look
46:06There are pipes
46:07Here above us
46:09Do you know where
46:11Everything's going?
46:12Most of them
46:13Each filter's got its own
46:15Transfer line
46:15So there's two juice lines
46:17That come from press floor
46:18Right
46:18And they fly over our heads
46:20And they come out the other side
46:21Of the building
46:21Before going down to
46:23Bottom tank farm
46:24The stainless steel fats
46:25To turn this apple juice
46:28Into apple cider
46:29It needs industrial levels
46:32Of yeast
46:33Oh
46:34That is surreal
46:35How much in here?
46:37That's ten kilos
46:38Ten kilos
46:39Yeah
46:39Yeah
46:40It's not quite what I use
46:41When I'm making bread
46:41Is it?
46:43That's it
46:43And just bang it on there
46:44Oh that's quite good
46:47Break it all up
46:48Yeah
46:48Gradually
46:49Pour it in
46:49Gradually
46:50Yeah
46:50And you'll see the apple juice
46:51Sort of change
46:52So like the milky colour
46:53As well
46:53As the yeast
46:53Game goes in then
46:54How mad will you be
46:55If I drop it in?
46:56It wouldn't be the first person
46:57To do it
46:58Really?
47:01Satisfying bubbles
47:02Yeah
47:02Let's go in there
47:03All done
47:05There you are
47:05See?
47:06Natural
47:06From here
47:08The juice travels out
47:10To the huge vats
47:11Where it ferments
47:12And matures
47:13And six months later
47:15Cider is pumped
47:16All the way back again
47:18To be filtered
47:18This is our cross-flow filtration
47:21So we've got four of these
47:22So what you can see down there
47:24Is the cider coming in
47:25So this is from the vats
47:26Oh here
47:27Yep that there
47:27Wow that's kind of milky looking
47:29Yeah so that's got the haze
47:31That's got the cloudiness of it
47:32The haze
47:32So if you like it
47:33Yeah so if you like a cloudiness
47:34Yeah
47:34That's the sort of cider you'll be drinking
47:35It then goes through the modules
47:37All of them
47:38Yeah from the bottom to the top
47:39So the filtered side will come through the outside
47:42Yeah
47:42And then the unfiltered stuff will go back through the system basically
47:46Right
47:46And then the filtered product you can see in this sight glass up here
47:49Magically clear
47:50Magically clear
47:51And how long does this whole process take?
47:53So we can do about 10,000 litres an hour
47:55Crikey that's really fast
47:56Quite a quick process yeah
47:57I think drinking the cloudier stuff
47:59I think that makes me look sophisticated
48:00No I prefer the clear
48:02The clear side is for myself
48:03Yeah
48:03The juice of the apples I harvested earlier
48:08Will need at least six months in the vats
48:11But last year's crop is now ready for the next part of the process
48:15Master cider maker Guy Lawrence is in charge of what's surely the best stage of all
48:20The blending
48:22So welcome to the lab
48:25This is where we do all our wet analysis
48:27This is what you start with is it the juice?
48:29This has just been pressed today
48:30Would you like to try it?
48:32So that's dark isn't it for an apple juice?
48:34Yes it is
48:34But we want it to be dark because it gives it colour
48:38Oh right
48:39So when we get to this stage when it's finished fermenting
48:41And it's at the point where we're ready to use it
48:43The darker the better
48:44It gives it more the straw colour that you would expect with a cider
48:47Well that's really nice actually
48:49I was expecting it to be a bit tarter than that because of cider apples
48:52But that's very nice
48:52So we use bittersweet apples
48:54The bittersweet tend to be high in tanning and low in acidity
48:57It's easier to blend
48:59It's easier to design ciders
49:01If it's a high acidity you're only limited to what you can do
49:03I have a treat today
49:07Mixing up my own blend of cider in the lab
49:10Aiming for a 4% cider
49:12Ish
49:12We'll try the BCO2
49:15Which is what we're going to use today to make your cider
49:17Right, so that's at the beginning of it all
49:19Yes
49:19Yeah
49:19So this is fermented
49:21To 10.5%
49:24So it's flat
49:25It's flat, yes
49:26So this is a base cider
49:27So this is what goes into making our products
49:29So when it comes down to making the product
49:31We water it down to the alcohol strength we want
49:32We then add sugar
49:34To give it the sweetness back
49:36And then we add malic acid
49:37To balance it out
49:38To get the acidity right
49:39It's quite whiny
49:44I mean it's quite tart
49:48Tart, yes
49:49Shall we say
49:49Yeah
49:50So when you water that down you'll lose that
49:52And this is where an artisan person wouldn't have any of this
49:56They might tinker with it
49:57But if you want a cider that's going to be roughly the same every time I drink it
50:01Even if I drink it in different pubs
50:03Yeah
50:03You've got to control it more
50:05Yes, exactly
50:05Okay
50:06Isn't there a tension here though
50:08Between what you're sort of selling
50:09Which is a picture of a Victorian man on a traditional bottle
50:13And what's actually happening
50:15Which is lots of people in white coats in a lab
50:17Yeah
50:18We do exactly the same way as Henry Weston did back in 1880
50:20Well he wasn't mucking around with acid
50:22Well because he didn't have a chance to did he
50:23We just have modern techniques
50:25You know he would have used a leg of lamb as a nutrient
50:27Where we used diamonium phosphate
50:30I'm glad that bit's changed
50:31So am I
50:32We're going to make two litres up
50:34What could possibly go wrong?
50:36Nothing
50:37Spot on
50:42Look at that
50:43Now the next step is to measure out the liquid sugar
50:4943 mils
50:51Whoa
50:51That was a good start
50:53Very well done
50:54I think that's
50:54Do you know that's about right
50:55And then mix
51:06And then give it a good mix
51:07To make it up to two litres
51:08Okay
51:17Okay
51:17It's yours as mine
51:18So slightly cloudy
51:22Yeah
51:22It's more dry than medium dry
51:25Yeah
51:25Good
51:25And
51:26Should be balanced
51:27How's that?
51:32That's actually quite good isn't it?
51:33It is
51:33Do you want a job?
51:34Yeah you're on
51:35Cheers
51:36All the best
51:37Mmm
51:41Very good
51:42For cider makers
51:54Flavor is key
51:56For big producers
51:57Consistency is vital
51:59Or for Tom and Lydia
52:00It's variety
52:01Well this is where Lydia and Tom
52:04Press their apples
52:05And their ethos is rooted in
52:08Low intervention methods
52:10And honouring cider making's traditional past
52:12This certainly looks like it comes from the past
52:15In fact I don't want to be rude
52:16But it looks like something out of Wallace and Gromit
52:18Hello guys
52:19How are you doing?
52:20Very well
52:20Look at this
52:21Hello
52:22What a contraption
52:24Where's this come from?
52:25This wonderful machine was obtained from northern France
52:28In the mid-80s
52:30So I've seen lots of apple presses
52:32But I don't think I've ever seen it all in one machine like this
52:35Yes I think it is unusual
52:37It was I think really designed to be a travelling press
52:40When it was built
52:40So it could trundle around the countryside
52:42And you could take it to various farms
52:44And press the fruit or whatever was there at the time
52:46Wonderful
52:47So how can I help?
52:48Well we do need a third person to run it Adam
52:51So you've come at a good time
52:52Perfect
52:52You're going to help me build the cheese
52:54And Lydia will look after the fruit supplyant
52:56Right
52:56Well I'll let you fire her up
52:58Off we go
52:59No cheddar here
53:01Tom's borrowed a cheese making technique
53:04That extracts moisture from curd
53:06Or apples in this case
53:08Here we go
53:11Let's make some apple juice
53:13Right
53:14So now Lydia's going to feed in the apples
53:16They're going to come up into here
53:17Where they're going to be crushed
53:18Into the hopper
53:20And away we go
53:21Right
53:22You need to get yourself a little bit of clop
53:24There we go
53:27And then we put the
53:30Pauling in like that
53:32And then
53:33Ready?
53:34Yep
53:35There we go
53:39And then this way
53:40Just distribute round
53:41A little bit at a time is it?
53:48Yeah
53:48I don't want to overfill it
53:49I don't want to on to fill it
53:50And I want to get it nice and flat and leveled
53:52Yeah
53:52And I lift this off
53:53You get one of those wooden rags
53:55Perfect
53:59Still getting the hang of this
54:00Slowly
54:02All right this is the last one
54:10Now we have to put it under the press
54:12Right back
54:14All the way a little bit further
54:15That's good
54:15Just like that
54:16Perfect
54:16So this is the moment of truth
54:18Out comes the cork
54:20In goes the juice
54:22There it is
54:22The golden nectar
54:24Lovely
54:25So now this really powerful ram is pushing the press down onto the cheeses
54:31And the apple juice is just pouring out from this apple pulp into the bucket
54:36It just feels really lovely
54:38This sort of traditional slow way of making a high quality product from upper varieties that are now quite rare
54:46Their cider takes from 18 months to three years to ferment and bottle up
54:53Thankfully Lydia sets them aside for us to sample
54:57Hello
54:59Hello
54:59There we are
55:00What a team we are
55:01What a team we deserve some cider
55:03So what have we got here then Lydia
55:04So this is a 2023 cider made from the apple we picked this morning the knotted kernel
55:09Lovely who's going to do the honours
55:10It has the delightful effect of making a lovely pop when you
55:13Lovely
55:15When you open it
55:16And drank in a wine glass
55:18Absolutely
55:18Yeah I think this is a much more elegant way to drink something that has taken a long time to make
55:22It's nothing but the fruit that we've handpicked in here so
55:25Cheers
55:26Wassail
55:27Wassail
55:27Very good health
55:28I can taste that beautiful apple in there but so different to what you might get out of a tap in the pub
55:40Absolutely
55:41So tell me, you know all this hard work
55:44You've got these ancient machines, you're handpicking, you're complete purists
55:48You're trying to scale up are you?
55:53I'm quite anti-growth
55:55I don't really believe in trying to sort of conquer the world with this stuff
55:59I mean, I don't want to compromise on the way that we do things because this is truly an art for me
56:04Yes
56:04And so the people that get to try are very small batch siders
56:07It's lucky them
56:08And yeah
56:09And this is where I beg to differ
56:11You've quite like to make some money
56:14I mean, much as I love the current scale we're at
56:17I'm very keen to build a larger facility that would allow us just to produce maybe twice as much as we currently do
56:23So that would get us into the next level and I hope also into the point where I could have something in the future known as I think
56:29It's called a pension
56:30But where we agree is that we're never going to go beyond it being human scale
56:34So we're always going to be doing stuff with our hands
56:36Yes
56:36Well, congratulations
56:37Come back and help any time
56:40Well, I've just stepped away from Tom and Lydia and I have to say I'm so impressed
56:51Of course, it's small scale, it's niche and they're never going to get rich
56:55But what they've got is a whole connection to the earth
56:59And they're very happy
57:00And money can't buy happiness
57:07Look at that
57:13Oh, Charlotte
57:14Hello
57:15Hard at work as ever
57:17I made that
57:19Did you?
57:20Yeah, I blended that with, to be fair, quite a lot of help
57:22But that is my cider
57:24There you go
57:25Well done, congratulations
57:27Have some, what do you think?
57:28Smells good
57:29It's nice
57:30That's very nice
57:32And it's got no label on it
57:34I know, we need a name and a label, don't we really?
57:35But is your nickname Queenie?
57:37It is
57:38Charlotte Victoria, two queens
57:40We could call it Queenie Cider
57:42Brilliant
57:42Right, well, we come up with a business plan
57:45Let's talk about next week here on Countryfile
57:47When we'll be in Kent
57:49Visiting a landscape which could become
57:51The world's first UNESCO cross-channel geopark
57:55I can't quite compute that I am touching something that is 100 million years old
58:02It is magical, isn't it?
58:04It takes you back to being a kid again
58:05You're not making life easy for yourself in your retirement, are you?
58:10I'm making wine and feeling fine
58:12Good lad
58:13Would you like to release?
58:15Yeah
58:16He's gone
58:19That's at 5.15 next Sunday
58:23Hope you can join us then
58:24Bye-bye
58:25Bye-bye
58:25Queenie Cider, eh?
58:27Mmm
58:28I think that's really good
58:30So do I
58:31In a brand new series, discover the wildlife hiding in plain sight
58:39Hamza's Hidden Wild Isles starts next on BBC One
58:43Exploring the heart of country music, Rob Brydon's honky-tonk road trip
58:47Here's a fun travelogue on iPlayer now
58:49Like you
58:58How long are you doing?
58:59Yeah
58:59How long are you who I am?
58:59How long are you doing?
59:00Where are you telling people?
59:02Ahí andhey
59:02Be my heart of country music, Rob Brydon's field
59:03Encore
59:04How long are you?
59:05Follow me
59:06How long are you delivering?
59:07There may be...
59:07Tell me
59:08I'm going to go
59:09Have you received one or two
59:10Been having an old footprint of immigrants
59:11So can you help me?
59:12School
59:13Oh
59:13I
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