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Sacred with Gulnaz Khan Season 1 Episode 2
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00:00We're in Chingeti, Mauritania, the gateway to the Sahara in West Africa.
00:17The sand, it turns to dust in your hands, but don't be fooled.
00:21This is one of the most powerful forces on Earth.
00:24You can be standing on a sand dune here,
00:27and an entire city is frozen in time beneath your feet.
00:32This desert has swallowed entire cities,
00:35and now it's on Chingeti's doorstep.
00:38I'm Gulnaz Khan.
00:48I'm Gulnaz Khan.
01:00As a journalist, I'm reporting on how climate change is endangering humanity's most sacred sites and traditions,
01:07as well as how faith-based communities around the globe are tackling this humanitarian and existential crisis with innovative solutions.
01:18The Sahel is a vast, semi-arid region stretching over 3,000 miles from the Atlantic Ocean to the Red Sea.
01:39It's a vital buffer zone between the rapidly expanding Sahara and the fertile lands to the south,
01:46protecting one of the world's fastest-growing populations from the devastation of desertification.
01:52It's a challenge that has shaped human existence in the region for millennia.
01:57Today, in places like Chingeti, it's a struggle that's intensifying.
02:04It's an epic дорогmvetee connected to living traditions consuming lawsだから
02:08Eineelahe Anais Khan's Reteness
02:09Shingeti, Lieue de Savement, Lieue de Spirituality.
02:15C'est un lieu qui a admiré depuis longtemps, depuis VIIIe siècle,
02:22et tan une vie ancienne
02:24qué remonte même à la primeiro antiqueté de l'islam, le Deuxième siècle d'islam.
02:30avec ses ouvrages introuvable ailleurs et surtout le périnage le périnage c'est
02:38une chose qui a fait beaucoup la renommée de chinghiti
02:42de chinghiti c'était le septième lieu pour l'islam sony
02:48je m'appelle c'est l'islam je suis bibliothécaire de la famille depuis exactement le 5 mai 1998
03:04notre vie de chinghiti c'était une ville fondée quand même en trois étapes historiques
03:14première 777 deuxième 1264 c'est après on devait attendre jusqu'à l'année
03:251917 que les français arrivent nous fonder la troisième étape de l'autre côté de l'ouest
03:31chinghiti c'est une ville qui était quand même connu longtemps très longtemps comme
03:43lieu de transit transaérien donc de chinghiti on avait l'habitude d'amener beaucoup de choses
03:53du mali sénégal maroc et algérie mais la chose la plus importante que nous avons introduit à
04:01chinghiti c'est le savoir un savoir qui a été acquis des différents pays nous avons acheté nous
04:07avons troqué nous avons même nous avons même que copier des livres ailleurs dans ce contexte
04:13le roi du maroc offre un cheval royal pour un poète qui vient de faire son éloge mais qu'est
04:20ce qu'il a fait ce point il a trop que ce cheval contre un seul livre qu'il ramène dans sa maison
04:25chinghiti est toujours resté ce flambeau éclairant dans cette partie du monde
04:45c'est vieux livres ces ouvrages qu'on peut trouver à chinghiti c'est ce qui a permis les rayonnements de
04:56cette culture arabe-visimant partout dans cette afrique du noir et même jusqu'à poitiers jusqu'à
05:01l'Andalusie d'ailleurs throughout the middle ages the city was a stopover for pilgrims traveling
05:10overland to mecca islam's holiest city over centuries of cultural exchange its libraries
05:18became one of the most important repositories of islamic knowledge in the world c'est be done
05:25dans le coran apprendre impérativement apprendre elle n'apprend pas une seule discipline apprendre
05:34toutes les disciplines l'abeille quand elle a collecté quand elle a mangé de plusieurs fleurs
05:42de bûceries plantes elle nous a fourni les bougies qui éclairent la nuit et les
05:50miels qui soignent toutes les maladies là nous avons un tout petit livre de prière et ça remonte
06:00cette fois au 18e siècle avec une petite frise très jolie mais c'est un livre de voyage et là vous
06:07aurez un deuxième qui sera cette fois plus vieux c'est la grand mère arabe c'est un livre qui est
06:13très connu ailleurs qui remonte au 20e siècle là vous aurez un livre d'astronomie ce sont des
06:22constellations qu'on peut voir ici le cancer la balance musulman arabe avant galilée avant copri
06:29ils savaient déjà tout par exemple que la terre est ronde et qu'elle tourne ça nous avons des
06:33constellations avec ces constellations nous sommes beaucoup patients parce que de chaque constellation
06:39chaque étoile qui apparaît dans le ciel indiquera un phénomène par exemple nous connaît qu'il y a des
06:44étoiles d'années qui qui prévoient la pluie et la pluie pour nous c'est grand chose avec la pluie on va
06:50irriguer nos champs avec la pluie on va se préparer pour planter des arbres donc c'est à partir de ces
06:59livres que nous avons vie sans ces ouvrages postureux et ces vieillards de même postureux je
07:05m'étais aurait été oublié que tous les autres vêtements pour établir je suis très fier d'avoir
07:14cette coaching d'avoir appris ce quotidien de mes ailleurs en conservant cette piété que là pour
07:20la famille mais j'entends que fier en même temps j'ai un autre sentiment de tristesse est ce que ce
07:31ce patrimoine durera aussi longtemps vraiment l'avenir pour moi c'est un peu flou
07:37chinghetti is considered a sacred site in islam but it's so much more than that it's world heritage
07:55it is the cultural heritage of humanity this legacy this treasure trove that's hundreds
08:02of years old science math it's being lost by desertification by rising temperatures more
08:09extreme weather the Sahel is uniquely vulnerable to climate change it's heating up one and a half
08:17times faster than the global average and intensifying an already extreme environment
08:47on se lève très tôt le matin avec l'appel des misers
08:52je m'appelle mohammed lémin ou le bahane je suis originaire de chinghetti mes ancêtres ont construit
09:15cette ville et depuis pratiquement mon très jeune âge 20 ans je dirais je me suis intéressé à à la
09:27protection de ces manuscrits là je m'intéresse aux manuscrits parce que c'est une facette de notre
09:38histoire de notre culture qui ne doit pas disparaître nous nous dirigeons vers l'une des bibliothèques les
09:58plus répétées de chinghetti la bibliothèque rabot auparavant il y avait beaucoup d'habitants et
10:06beaucoup de bibliothèques à chinghetti et malheureusement pour des causes économiques
10:10les gens ont émigré et donc les livres sont partis avec les habitants
10:15le manuscrit le plus ancien à chinghetti se trouve dans la bibliothèque rabot il date
10:24du deuxième siècle de léger c'est à dire le huitième siècle à chinghetti il ya quelques
10:29milliers quand même d'un ordre de cinq à six mille manuscrits
10:44l'une des plus grandes menaces pour les manuscrits de chinghetti ce sont les termites et qui travaillent
10:50à manger la cellulose qui se trouve dans le papier même la couverture en cuir a été rongée
10:59une autre menace ou la sécheresse voilà un coran qui date de 200 ans c'est les pages qui deviennent
11:11cassantes à cause de la sécheresse donc on voit que les bords des feuilles aussi donc il y a quelques
11:19améliorations qu'ils ont quelques mesures qui ont été prises pour essayer que le livre se détériore
11:26moins cette boîte est une boîte en papier qui ne contient pas de cellulose donc les termites ne
11:33l'attaque pas les armoires métalliques ont des bienfaits mais ont aussi des inconvénients le bien
11:42fait c'est qu'elle préserve les livres des dégâts des termites mais l'inconvénient c'est qu'elle
11:48dessèche davantage des manuscrits donc pendant la nuit on ferme l'armoire et pendant la journée on
11:58les ouvre parce qu'on met des bassines d'eau dans la pièce ce qui donne un peu d'humidité
12:02et l'objectif principal de ces scans de ces images c'est de préserver davantage les livres ne pas les
12:25manipuler parce que chaque manipulation amène une détérioration perdre les manuscrits c'est comme
12:37perdre une main ou un pied un organe de notre corps à quelque chose je formule un espoir qu'un jour
12:50nous puissions mettre en ligne le contenu de nos manuscrits pour que tout le monde puisse en profiter
13:02on raconte une légende chez nous qui dit qu'un vieux sage avait trois manuscrits il en a confié un
13:09à l'un de ses fils qui était à wadane un autre qui était à chinguéti et le troisième maata au bout
13:16d'une année il est revenu rechercher ses manuscrits il a trouvé que celui de wadane a été arrangé par
13:22les termites donc excite celui d'attar a été emporté par les eaux et celui de chinguéti enterré
13:29par le sable ce qui fait que le fléau le grand fléau de chinguéti c'est l'avancée des dînes c'est
13:34le sable qui recouvre tout
13:46les
13:48de chinguéti
13:50l'ordre
13:51l'abbaye
13:52l'bijoue
13:52par le s Іc
13:54en
13:55l'applicat
13:57le
13:58le
13:59en
14:01il
14:01la
14:03il
14:04-
14:04once again being overtaken by the sands.
14:07And what they're seeing in the newly built version
14:10of the city is the sands are creeping up there too.
14:15You know, the locals here, they say the sand always wins.
14:34And there are some that are mobile,
14:36which are the Barkhans.
14:37And the Barkhans, they are the ones who most menace
14:40the city of Shanghiti.
14:49This is the place where my parents have lived,
14:54for 30 years.
14:58Practically every Friday, we come here
15:02to recueillir a bit from the memory of our ancestors.
15:05And we remember their lives here.
15:10We also pray for them.
15:13When you were growing up, what was it like around here?
15:17When I was little and I was there in this place,
15:22there was a rock table.
15:24There was no sand at all.
15:26Some rocks, some stones, but no sand.
15:30They were not there, they were very, very far.
15:34Only this place, or those that are at the left,
15:37which are habitable,
15:39all the others are now, unfortunately, enterrées.
15:42And we would also have to look at the matelas,
15:56and the divans that they used, the tea material,
15:58and all that, it was what my family had.
16:01the tea material, all of that was what my family had.
16:07We had a vieux kitchen, there were some cooking,
16:11there were a vieille kitchen, who was at the age of my parents, normally.
16:16It was a lot of emotion when we came here.
16:20We remember my mother sitting here, my father sitting there.
16:26My mother got home here, she died in this place.
16:31It was a very nice place where my parents had finished their lives.
16:45We are going to visit this place, which is completely out of service.
16:51So here, we can't open it anymore.
16:54We have to cut a lot, remove a lot of sable.
16:58And this is difficult, because if we remove it today, tomorrow it will come back.
17:04But we have a door here, still accessible,
17:08this door here.
17:11This door here,
17:13is stopped with a stone.
17:15It will be sanded too, but for the moment,
17:17if we look at it,
17:20you see, there are a lot of sable.
17:25Wow.
17:30We need a day of work to remove all of that,
17:32but it's lost now,
17:34so we have to wait for the sable to diminish a little
17:37before we remove everything.
17:39How does it make you feel to see it now?
17:46We have a little pain in the heart,
17:49because before there were a lot of trees,
17:51and acacias.
17:52Our sable trees were not coming to grow.
17:55We have only a few sable trees,
17:59which are not very edible for the sable.
18:02It's a little bit of the landscape,
18:04but it's not very, very useful for life.
18:14More than 65% of Mauritania's population
18:18relies on agriculture and pastoralism.
18:22But worsening periods of drought threaten even the most resilient species,
18:27including vital tree populations.
18:3250 miles from Chingeti,
18:36one oasis lost nearly 20,000 trees in less than 50 years.
18:57So your family has lived in Chingeti for generations.
19:00So since you were young,
19:03how has climate change affected the city and your daily life here?
19:07We have a great relationship in our lives.
19:09We have a lot of paternalism.
19:11I remember when I was young,
19:13we were placed in our house to live under the palm trees.
19:16I didn't forget the sound of the palm trees.
19:20On top of me, in the morning,
19:22when I woke up very early.
19:24It was a sound that I didn't even forget until now.
19:28Unfortunately,
19:29all this land has ceased.
19:30The grand panouilles are dead.
19:32I still remember that
19:34everything was verdoyant.
19:36Even next,
19:37next,
19:38next,
19:39next,
19:40next,
19:41next,
19:42next,
19:43next,
19:44next,
19:45next,
19:46next,
19:47next,
19:48next,
19:49next,
19:50next,
19:51next.
19:52Why do you think
19:53the conservation of the libraries
19:56needs to start with environmental conservation?
19:58The changement climatic influence on its impact on the libraries
20:04because it's natural.
20:05When there's no water,
20:07there's no verdure,
20:08the houses fall.
20:09It's cruel.
20:10The environment is the chief of everything.
20:12If we don't maintain this environment,
20:14if we don't maintain a certain degree of verdure,
20:17we won't put houses.
20:18And if we don't maintain houses,
20:20we won't put books.
20:22So,
20:23this impact of desertification is very visible.
20:27We often think of the desert as an absence of life,
20:38but it's actually teeming with it.
20:40Hundreds of years of stories of human creativity and innovation
20:46are contained within Chingetti sands.
20:49But its survival, its resilience,
20:52is directly tied to the health of the planet.
20:55Just beyond Chingetti s borders
20:58and across the massive expanse of the Sahara,
21:01nomads have lived and thrived in these harsh conditions
21:05for millennia,
21:06despite receiving less than four inches of rain per year.
21:10But today,
21:11they find themselves on the front lines of the climate crisis,
21:15where less rain means the difference between life and extreme hardship.
21:20As conditions become more challenging,
21:23many nomads have already migrated to cities
21:26to live sedentary lifestyles.
21:28And an age-old way of life is disappearing.
21:31So,
21:34they say they're just as a descends.
21:35They say thefeet of the people,
21:36the families who have been abandoned,
21:37and they come to the church now.
21:38And that is the Czechenne.
21:40But now they're old.
21:41And if they take care of us,
21:42the people who are living out of here,
21:44they're living.
21:46And they're living,
21:47and they're living with water.
21:49They're living with water.
21:50They're living with water.
21:51They have them living with water.
21:52They have no ice-old,
21:53but they're living with water.
21:54They're living with water.
21:55There was a secret in my face.
21:57We got plastic attached, only a coat is coming.
22:00We got water on a beach,
22:03a cold water, and we got to get water.
22:13It's hard to coat his body.
22:16It's hard to coat his face,
22:19and it's hard to coat his face.
22:39My name is Sidi Alham.
22:43I'm a man.
22:45I'm a man.
22:47I'm a man.
22:49I'm a man.
22:51I'm a man.
22:55I'm a man.
22:57I'm a man.
22:59I'm a man.
23:01My name is Sidi Alham.
23:03He's an artist.
23:05Never been a man.
23:13We should come back to her.
23:15If we haven't seenmark her,
23:17then she's burning and burning.
23:19it's very easy to go.
23:21That is the most beautiful,
23:24our life is a hidden cause.
23:26We are living in a living,
23:29we are living in a living.
23:31It's not what they are going to eat.
23:33We are living in a living,
23:35the living.
23:37We are living in a living.
23:42God, this is the time I do here.
23:44This is the animal,
23:46God, he cuts himself from the점 and the sits.
23:51It's a very busy place.
23:51We were all watching the movie,
23:52and it's an earnings.
23:55We were all watching and we were all watching.
23:59We were all watching.
24:05You're watching the movie on the hill.
24:09The only one that we saw was watching
24:11Trees are vital to saving Chingeri.
24:35Their roots essentially halt desertification.
24:38And we've seen that even the smallest shrubs that you see around the desert here are helping slow the dunes from moving into the city.
24:48So it is absolutely vital that there is re-greening here.
24:56The thing that keeps people in Chingeri is their love of what the place represents.
25:02The libraries, the books, the knowledge.
25:04It is essentially the glue that holds the city together.
25:08So many cities like Chingeri in the desert have been abandoned.
25:15They're empty now.
25:19Because life has gotten so much more challenging with climate change, people are actually migrating out of these small villages and towns in the desert into the big cities.
25:30In 1960, Nuwakshat, the capital of Mauritania, was designed for a population of 15,000.
25:42Since then, desertification has driven more than a third of the country to the shores of the Atlantic Ocean.
25:49And today, it's home to 1.5 million people, straining the city's resources and creating dire humanitarian conditions.
25:59In the last century, the Sahara has expanded more than 10%, and it's now encroaching into the Sahel, the semi-arid belt that spans the continent of Africa.
26:10Here, climate extremes are driving conflict, famine, migration, and ecosystem collapse, but communities across the region are mobilizing and using traditional knowledge to slow the advance of the desert.
26:26In neighboring Senegal, the Mauritanian desert has already started to bleed across borders.
26:45But in rural areas like Kafreen, imams and priests are leading an interfaith green revolution.
26:58In recent years, FMNR, or farmer-managed natural regeneration, has emerged as a scalable solution.
27:07In the local language, it's known as RNA or karkarol, which literally means to stop the desert.
27:16Ana Daba-NDI is a re-greening project leader with World Vision.
27:22Onada Dabba-NDI is a Re-Greening Project leader with World Vision.
27:26But we have to say that we are the pastor of the imams.
27:31They are the pastor of the church.
27:33We are the pastor of the church.
27:36We are the Catholic and the Muslim.
27:39So we invite them.
27:41My faith as a Catholic boosts me.
27:44I am inspired by the biblical writings
27:47that speak to the fact that we should perpetuate the work of God.
27:51Every living being should act to save this planet for a better cohabitation.
27:57Everyone has their part to play.
28:00In the Sénégal, there is also a religious harmony between Christians and Muslims.
28:06The cohabitation is just beautiful.
28:10Pastor Benoît, how do you say it?
28:14When God created man,
28:16he did not create it, he placed it in a desert or in a place where he could not live.
28:21He placed it in a garden.
28:24And the first mission that God gave to the man
28:27was to cultivate and to keep the garden.
28:31To take care of what God planted.
28:35So speaking of the RNA,
28:37we can say that it is a mission that God gave to the man.
28:42God is the one who plants, the man is the one who takes care of it.
28:48I think at first it might seem odd for an imam and pastor to be learning about farming techniques.
28:55But when they talk about the scripture, about conservation in both the Koran and the Bible,
29:01about our responsibility as humans to be stewards of the environment,
29:06it makes so much sense.
29:08And you wonder why it isn't happening everywhere.
29:12In the RNA adoption, the religious guides play a great role.
29:28Because when the religious guide speaks, he is listening,
29:31and the people are no longer inclined to adopt their behavior.
29:35How do we work with the religious leaders for the promotion of the gardening?
29:42It's through the training.
29:44We have to form them first.
29:47This assisted natural generation
29:48contributes to the restoration of the degraded lands.
29:53All these species will become, later,
29:55they will become, later,
29:57and then, they will be built in the wind
30:00to fight against the erosion of the eolene and the erosion of the hydrant
30:05through the racine system.
30:07If each country is to use or to practice the RNA in their fields,
30:12the terroir will be vert,
30:13and we will thus fight against the desert.
30:16In fact, Ablai Nyan, who is one of the leaders and the leader of the terroir,
30:21will show us the demonstration of how to do the RNA.
30:24This is a great tool to remove the outrageousness.
30:30After that, Ablai Nyan, his team is one of the mills,
30:39and he will then eliminate the wrong weeds.
30:43The wrong weeds are competing with the best weeds.
30:48Now he's no longer gourmand and competitive expansion.
30:51He's putting the red corpse in which it will serve as an alert for the people.
30:58A bird will see the red corpse and he will know that it will be protected.
31:07The RNA can solve the problems of the desertification in Sahel.
31:13That's the solution.
31:15More than 100 000 hectares have been harvested through the RNA,
31:22in the Fatigue, Kaolak and Kafrine.
31:32The RNA effects need to be taken from the 3rd year.
31:38The time that the root system is established, the time that the roots take shape.
31:44Generally, the spaces with 2-3 arbres can be found between 50 and 100 hectares.
31:53With the degraded soil, we can see the increase in the rendements, which can double or even triple.
32:07And so, this will contribute to the food security, but also to the food diversification.
32:15That's how the native plants are going to be kept.
32:17It's not that much, this is just the same.
32:18The first part is the main problem.
32:19The second part is the main problem.
32:20Coming from the production, the country can develop other businesses
32:22from the profit of his family, especially for children.
32:28They will pay for the children, they will pay for the children.
32:32They will pay for the children, they will pay for the food and they will buy food.
32:36FMNR seems like a simple solution to a complex problem, but it
33:06works. Nature is incredibly resilient and it has the ability to heal itself. Often
33:14it's these simple techniques that yields the best results.
33:36I have a family of my family, my family, and my family. Today we have eight people.
33:44They are living here in my family.
33:46That's what I want to do.
34:10Fatou started doing FMNR several years ago in her fields,
34:14and that took her crop yields from less than a dollar a day to more than 350,
34:19which is a staggering increase.
34:22She's also trained more than a dozen other women in Mbane in this technique,
34:27so she hasn't just uplifted her own household,
34:30she's uplifting the entire community.
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37:11I am so tired of eating theampa.
37:15They didn't have a bar in the gym.
37:18I was alone.
37:20I was used toデ你们 who were born.
37:23I have needed to do well.
37:26When I got married, I was in the room.
37:30I was not used to do well.
37:33This was my chance to live in the room
37:38I will be able to do this in my life.
37:41I will be able to do this in my life.
38:01Fatou is spreading this technique among her own community,
38:04and that's really how these types of solutions work.
38:07They spread by word of mouth, by imams and pastors
38:11in their mosques and churches,
38:13and it's actually much more effective
38:15than these big top-down solutions
38:17that come in from big NGOs
38:19that don't really understand the local context.
38:22And the amazing thing about FMNR
38:24is it is highly adaptable.
38:27So Fatou can do it on her farm in Senegal,
38:31and a farmer in Ethiopia can also do it on their land.
38:37and the primary care system is established.
38:40Under the farm,
38:42we can do it around the farm as well.
38:45I like that.
38:47From all the people we are doing
38:49in the public health,
38:50we are building on our own homes,
38:52and living in the land.
38:54We have to take care about how to do it,
38:56because natural food is being brought.
38:58This is Jeri.
38:59Amen.
39:22Faith and religion are complicated things.
39:25I think it's undeniable.
39:28Tragic things have been done in the name of religion,
39:31and we can't ignore that.
39:33But it also has immense beauty and power when used for good.
39:39You know, a majority of the world's population
39:42belongs to one of the world's major religions.
39:45That's an immense community,
39:47and religions have played major roles
39:49in other social movements.
39:52And I think they have a place here.
39:54They absolutely have a place in fighting the climate crisis.
40:09FMNR is directly contributing to environmental justice
40:13across the Sahel.
40:15Remarkably, over the past two decades,
40:19it's spread from predominantly Muslim countries in West Africa
40:23to Christian communities in the East
40:25who are grappling with similar climate challenges.
40:29Ethiopian Orthodox Church forests,
40:43cultivated over centuries,
40:45are a time capsule of the country's
40:47last remaining native biodiversity.
40:50FMNR may be the key to preserving them
40:53and regreening the wider landscape.
40:59According to the teaching of the Ethiopian Orthodox Church,
41:03every church should have a forest,
41:07because the church in the earth should resemble
41:11to the Garden of Eden.
41:16My name is Alamayi Owasi.
41:18I am a forest ecologist,
41:20and I have been doing research and conservation activities
41:24for the last 20 years.
41:26When I go to the forest,
41:31old forest of churches,
41:33it reminds me of my childhood,
41:35that my mother and father elders talked to me,
41:39this is where God lives.
41:41This is where you get the most blessing.
41:43And then I built upon it my ecological understanding,
41:50how these forests are really precious,
41:53how they are very much important.
41:55It's not only my professional here for me,
41:58it's a kind of emotion,
42:00it's a kind of spiritual commitment.
42:03The impact of the climate change is very much visible in Ethiopia,
42:16especially in the island.
42:20Before 100 years, almost,
42:2240% of the land mass used to be covered by high forest,
42:27but nowadays we have left only 4%.
42:33So the island is now, you see,
42:37devoid of any green vegetation,
42:40but you see dots here and there,
42:43and you see a building in the middle,
42:45that is a church,
42:47but enveloped by the forest,
42:50which once used to be one part of continuous forest,
42:54and now fragmented.
43:03Okay, let's see what we have here.
43:21I graduated from university in forestry,
43:25and my major junior task was, you know,
43:29creating forest development.
43:31So to do that, you need some kind of seed source.
43:34You know, where should I get a native tree seeds?
43:37Then I look around, I said,
43:39wait a minute, the seed we have,
43:42the leftover we have is around church.
43:45This must be very amazing,
43:47and we have to really look at them very seriously.
43:55These forests have been existed for centuries
43:58because of the patronage
44:00and the commitment of the Ethiopian church,
44:02monasteries and fathers.
44:04But because of the population growth
44:06and agricultural expansion,
44:08these forests are under threat.
44:14Ethiopian Orthodox Church are the last opportunity
44:17for the Ethiopian biodiversity.
44:20This is a critical time,
44:23so we have to protect them.
44:36Protecting the church forests isn't just a sacred duty,
44:40but a humanitarian one.
44:4270% of the Ethiopian population
44:45depends on rain-fed agriculture,
44:48but periods of extreme drought and flooding
44:51are on the rise as the climate crisis worsens.
44:54Creating a more resilient agricultural system
44:58begins with reforestation,
45:01which can reduce soil erosion,
45:03improve water management,
45:04and attract pollinators.
45:06.
45:07.
45:08.
45:09.
45:10.
45:11.
45:12.
45:13.
45:14.
45:16.
45:17.
45:18.
45:19.
45:20.
45:21.
45:22.
45:23.
45:24.
45:25.
45:26.
45:27.
45:28.
45:29.
45:30.
45:31.
45:57.
45:58.
45:59.
46:00.
46:21.
46:23.
46:25that they're a matter of that one that's last case
46:47well after all the priests and the monks are the guardians who brought these
46:53forests to the present time but they didn't actually observe the
47:01ecological degradation so what we do is we show some scientific data that these
47:08forests although they look intact the suit and they are degrading
47:15mid-19th mid-19th mid-19th mid-19th senior year
47:20now we're in the scope of the house we have to do with calipa
47:22food in our own house
47:25management of the city
47:27and data
47:30inside us take a look to the country
47:32So, the most urgent thing is we have to make the so-called conservation walls.
47:55We call them conservation walls because we make out of rocks and stones collected from
48:00the area.
48:01They create a barrier for the livestock, as a result we have seen after a couple of years
48:09more regeneration, more seedling, more health to the forest, so it's really working.
48:16There is an opportunity that we can restore back the Ethiopian landscape.
48:21What Dr. Alamayu is doing now, and working with faith leaders to do, is to start to
48:29expand that initiative beyond just the churches.
49:12So, what do we do now?
49:20F.A. Menar is really the most important thing in landscape restoration.
49:46The church forests, because they were part of one continuous forest, we have to connect
49:53these forests through biological corridors.
49:57But the imbitual land is always owned by farmers.
50:01So without involving them, without empowering them, you know, to re-greening, we don't do
50:07anywhere.
50:08We don't achieve anywhere.
50:09So we have to create an agroforestry system.
50:13The relationship between Dr. Alamayu and Abba is really emblematic of the strength that
50:23comes with bringing together science and faith.
50:27I think a lot of people often see those two things at odds with each other.
50:32But Dr. Alamayu said it himself that studying science only reinforced his faith.
50:38Nature is a common treasure.
50:43These forests, they are really home for biodiversity, very much important for the global climate
50:50change.
50:51So at the end of the day, we all need a green landscape.
50:57One nation cannot be green by itself.
51:00I believe there are wisdoms across Africa that we need to explore.
51:05We have a book called from the family, which says that knowledge is a fortune that
51:20could not be saving, or given by what?
51:22So our knowledge is offered to everyone, and that's why we aren't poor.
51:25It is inevitable that every time we feel a climate pressure,
51:36we find a place where it will be possible to live.
51:41Of course, it is a factor that shows that every time there are difficulties,
51:47we increase them.
51:49So human beings, their nature is to fight.
51:52It is not to lose their arms every time there is a difficulty.
51:57That's why resilience.
52:00Life exists only if there is hope.
52:11Islam promises the Garden of Eden in heaven.
52:15And I think these sacred spaces here on earth are the closest that humans feel to that.
52:38You know, people practice their faith in so many different ways.
52:41There are so many different belief systems.
52:44What I found is that we are much more similar than we are different.
52:49Safe talked about how when he was young, when the wind would blow through the date palms,
52:54he would hear them singing.
52:56And that everything in creation sings if we know how to listen.
53:01Abba talked about how the leaves and the plants bow in prayer, that all of creation bows in prayer.
53:12And I think we are living through a time of great turmoil in this world when our differences are separating us, polarizing.
53:24Whether you're looking out at the sand dunes or you're in the beautiful mountain forests of Ethiopia, we feel something.
53:33And that's what makes us human.
53:34It's the great, great thing that connects us.
53:37And I think if we focused more on that, we would be doing a much better job at solving the climate crisis.
53:46This program is available with PBS Passport and on Amazon Prime Video.
54:02This program is designed to be a great partnership with PBS Passport and on Amazon Prime Video.
54:14We hope to come back and reach out for a minute to update the weather.
54:20So please keep watching the vida.
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