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00:00The Indian skipper has done a tremendous job to get back there, a marvellous running catch.
00:12Lourdes, the afternoon of the 25th of June, 1983.
00:16And Richards has gone for 33.
00:19Indian captain Kapil Dev catches out the great West Indian batsman, Viv Richards.
00:25I wouldn't say it was a difficult catch, but it was a very important catch for Indian history.
00:32And that's out. Yes, it's all over this time.
00:35This catch leads India to win the World Cup, a high point in a country whose cricketing history has always mirrored India's emergence as a nation.
00:46Cricket in India is the national sport, revered by those who trust in the virtues of the noble game.
00:55Cricket is associated with uprightness, honesty, integrity, and straightforwardness.
01:04In India, there is veneration for the slow rhythms of test cricket, where patient batting and probing spin bowling perfectly reflect one part of the Indian psyche.
01:16The brain has always taken precedence over brawn in India.
01:20The spin ball of that era actually prided themselves in thinking a player out rather than knocking him over.
01:25But after victory at Lourdes in 1983, something quite different about India was revealed.
01:32For this country of over a billion fans, the popularity of the one-day game turned cricket into televised spectacle, with the excitement and drama that Indians call...
01:45Tamasha, which means entertainment, which means entertainment, which something happened almost spontaneously.
01:50And cricket had that appeal of Tamasha. You know, you went to a cricket match and you could see something exciting.
01:55They're running. It's got to be a direct hit.
01:58A brash new confidence on the pitch reflected a globalised India's ambition beyond the boundary.
02:05And now a revolutionary form of cricket has arrived.
02:10The 20 over Indian Premier League involves serious money and the best players on the planet.
02:16This is the ultimate in cricket to Marsha, and a declaration of intent that the empire of cricket can now be led by India.
02:27And another one.
02:29Glenn Loversmith.
02:31Second highest title ever by India.
02:33Straight down the ground.
02:35He's got it through.
02:36That's a fantastic century.
02:39Rahul Bravid.
02:41Any weekend in India, evidence for the Indian love affair with cricket is everywhere.
02:58Boys play in front of the Grand Mosque in Old Delhi.
03:02In Mumbai, a group of off-duty waiters compete under the gaze of Indian captain Mahendra Singh Dhoni.
03:09And in nearby side streets, that Indians call the gully, cricket full of tamasha takes place.
03:26Just a few miles away, the game is played in the more formal settings of the Bombay Gymkhana.
03:31And this is where the story of Indian cricket began in the 19th century.
03:36During the high summer of the Raj, this whites-only club was where the games of empire were played, including cricket.
03:51Here, on the same piece of land, the first group of Indians picked up bat and ball in emulation of the British.
03:57They were the Parsi community, who centuries before had fled persecution in Persia to seek asylum in India.
04:10Their descendants formed a powerful business and professional class.
04:14We came in contact, when I say we, our ancestors came in greater contact with the Britishers than most other communities.
04:23Most enlightened people, doctors, lawyers, businessmen, were Parsi's.
04:28Soon, others, Hindus and Muslims, not wishing to be left behind, also took up cricket.
04:45Denied space to play in central Bombay, land was found on the seafront for each community to play.
04:50And these Gymkhana still stand today.
04:56They were set up in imitation of the British.
04:59They were set up, if you like, in mutual rivalry.
05:02And they were set up next to each other, with each club looking out at the other,
05:05making sure that the other community and the other club did not sort of get too much of an advantage over them.
05:11And that suited the British, because it just showed that there was an essential disunity in India.
05:15There was no such thing as India.
05:17India was really different communities and different castes.
05:20But out of the rivalry between communities came competitive cricket.
05:29By 1912, an annual tournament between Parsi's, Hindus, Muslims and Europeans was taking place in Bombay.
05:37The Quadrangula.
05:38The tournament lasted for going up to 15 days.
05:42So it was a sort of a 15 days carnival.
05:46People took off from office and it was sort of holiday spirit for all.
05:53There was a lot of enthusiasm about these communal matches.
05:57Outside of Bombay, cricket was spread by the patronage of the Hindu and Muslim princes of India.
06:18The Maharajas and Nawabs promoted cricket by building grounds and running their own teams.
06:24I think a lot of the Rajas and Maharajas took it up to remain close to the British.
06:35Some of them actually became better than many British players, of course.
06:39And it was the sponsorship of the Rajas and Maharajas pre-independence,
06:44which kept going and gave it the importance and the encouragement to keep it not only going,
06:49but to expand it to a great extent.
06:52And once the Maharajas did it, then of course the people also followed it.
06:58The first star of Indian cricket was employed by the Maharaja of Holkar.
07:03This was Colonel C. K. Nayadu.
07:08Nayadu made his reputation in 1926, playing for the Hindus against the MCC at the Bombay Jinkana.
07:14He scored 153 in under two hours, hitting 11 sixes.
07:23C. K. Nayadu, he was a good, great hitter.
07:26Now you all, we have a great height.
07:28From here, you know, he cleared the stadium.
07:33C. K. stepped out and just did that, easy.
07:35And you know, Wolf held over this.
07:39And on the dead tip, there is a tennis court there, landed on the tennis court.
07:48This innings also had a political meaning.
07:52Nayadu was showing with the bath that he was the equal of an Englishman.
07:56That's a question of equality.
07:57Not equality in the law, because of course Britain ruled India and the Indians therefore were not good enough to rule themselves.
08:04But at least on the cricket field, with the bath, against an Englishman holding a ball,
08:08he could smash him for six after six and prove that he was not his inferior.
08:13The question of self-esteem.
08:15The question that here is an Indian, a brown face, with brown hands, who could measure up to a white man.
08:20Meanwhile, the hot sun of India beats down upon the cricket ground at Bombay,
08:26as England take the field for the first test match to be played on Indian soil, against an English side.
08:31Nayadu was captain, when in 1933 the first ever test match was played in India,
08:37against an England captain by Douglas Jardine.
08:41The game took place over four days at the Bombay Gymkhana.
08:4550,000 have turned out to see it, for the popularity of cricket is in the ascendant in India.
08:51At stumps, a band would play, God Save the King.
09:04Though India lost by nine wickets, one young cricket fan in the ground
09:09was thrilled by a knock of 118 runs by Indian batsman Lala Amanath.
09:12I have very vivid memories of the match, but Amanath really stands out.
09:21He scored a brilliant 118, that he became the first Indian to score a 100 in test cricket.
09:27By 1937, an elegant new stadium in Bombay, the Brabham, was staging the festival of communal cricket.
09:48The Hindus came out to field with a not very safe total of 315 for their second innings behind them.
09:57Again, in front of huge crowds.
10:00With one wicket intact and only 21 minutes to play, the Muslims won the match and the tournament.
10:05It was the sort of match you didn't have to know the records backwards to enjoy.
10:11It was as exciting as a horse race with every bit as thrilling a finish.
10:15This was cricket.
10:17But the idea of Hindus playing Muslims had become a political issue.
10:20The 1930s and 40s were times of crisis and violence in India, as nationalists demanded independence from Britain.
10:38Gandhi considered sport played between communities to be sectarian, divisive, an obstacle to a new India.
10:45The Mahatma pronounced,
10:48I should have thought that such unsportsmanlike divisions should be considered taboos in sporting language and sporting manners.
10:55Can we not have some field of life which would not be untouched by communal spirit?
11:00When independence did come, there was a doubt whether cricket, as the game of empire, would survive.
11:17At the stroke of the midnight hour, when the world sleeps, India will awake to life and freedom.
11:24Luckily, India's first prime minister, Jawaharlal Nehru, Haro and Cambridge believe that Indians should keep the best of their colonial past.
11:35Cricket was never in any danger of being regarded as a kind of colonial remnant because the class of person who inherited the state from their erstwhile colonial masters were people who had been socialized into it.
11:50Nehru actually was a fan.
11:51The Indian parliamentary cricketers were presented to Dr Prasad, the president, on the occasion of the charity match at New Delhi.
11:57Premier Nehru captained the lower house team, though he last played cricket at Haro in 1913.
12:02For someone like Nehru, cricket was important. It was something that represented not a colonial leftover, but which represented a kind of continuity within the history of our country.
12:14Mr Nehru had a knock in the second innings, but declared himself morally out when he'd made one.
12:19In the years after independence, cricket became vital in the task of nation building.
12:35What was said was, don't talk about your origin, don't talk about where you come from, just talk about India.
12:41And that cricket team represented that symbol, another symbol of the new India, not full of religious hatred or other divides that were obviously evident in the society.
12:52But teams of the new India travelling abroad were weakened by the loss of players to the new state of Pakistan.
13:09Touring England during the summer of 1952, players like Madaf Mantri had a torrid time.
13:161952, first of all, I must tell you, the great Freddie Truman, and on his debut, he took those wickets.
13:27Starting their second innings at Hedenly, during the first test, they lost their first wicket for nought, to fiery Fred Truman.
13:39They lost a second, again for a duck.
13:45Then, wicket-keeper Madaf Mantri faced Truman.
13:52So I was ready to play in swing, you see.
13:57The ball didn't swing at all, it came straight.
14:01And I was not come out so bold, clean bold, no problem.
14:08After this third wicket, another fell quickly.
14:12The Indians were now nought for four.
14:15This remains the worst ever start in test history.
14:20Throughout the fifties, results seemed to echo a new country on the back foot, struggling.
14:35One cricketer growing up during this period felt the mood keenly.
14:41I think there was a complex.
14:43I think, you know, being ruled by the whites for almost 200 years,
14:47then coming across them on the field, on level ground, so to speak,
14:52made a lot of Indians feel a little hesitant.
14:57Especially when the best teams didn't come.
14:59England didn't bother to send their best teams.
15:01Indian cricket being very immature in those days.
15:07When the Winchester and Oxford educated Mansour Ali Khan Pataudi became captain,
15:12the player known as Tiger decided to do something about this malaise.
15:16We're going to play an aggressive game with a great deal of caution.
15:20We will certainly try and win, but if we find that we're losing,
15:23we shall try and make it as difficult for the opposition to win as we can.
15:28That's a lovely hit. It's straight down the ground.
15:31An Indian spectator just in front of me holding up his hands very quickly.
15:35The signal is six.
15:37He gives the impression that if there is a win to be had, he would pursue it.
15:41He doesn't seem timorous. I think that's the word I'm looking for.
15:44He doesn't seem cautious. He doesn't seem timorous.
15:46He seems like someone who would make the best of what he had.
15:50Lovely crisp shot. More runs.
15:53Another lovely square cut from Pataudi.
15:56Many of his runs have come there off the football.
16:00The idea of playing the game was to win.
16:03Before I joined the team, the idea seemed to let those five days pass,
16:08somehow, without losing.
16:10Field coming in a bit closer.
16:13Playing at Headingley, the scene of cricketing nightmare 15 years earlier,
16:18Tiger led by example.
16:20And that's gone through for four.
16:22That's his 100.
16:24Pataudi, six test 100.
16:27Tiger scored innings of 64 and 148.
16:32All in, and that's the end of a great innings by Pataudi.
16:36But there was much more to Pataudi's mission.
16:38Tiger is the ninth Nawab of the former princely state of Pataudi and a Muslim.
16:44It took somebody of his background to persuade selectors to pick a team on merit
16:49and truly representing all India.
16:55Tiger was the first Indian captain who gave us the feeling of Indianness.
17:00I'm not playing for Delhi or Madras or for Bombay or for Calcutta.
17:05You're playing for India. Think India.
17:09That was Tiger's greatest contribution.
17:16Beneficiaries of Tiger's meritocracy were a quartet of spinners
17:20who for more than a decade mesmerized batsmen from all over the world.
17:26From Bangalore and Mysore in the south came Prasanna and Chandrasekha.
17:31From the city of Madras, Venkat.
17:35And from Amritsa in the north, the slow left-hander, Bishan Bedi.
17:40Well, my philosophy of spinners was very, very simple.
17:49That as a spinner, I had very little margin of error.
17:55That was one.
17:57Number two, I couldn't, if I got annoyed or upset with somebody,
18:00I couldn't knock anybody's head off.
18:03So I had to rely on guile.
18:08I always wanted the batsman to use their feet.
18:11I wanted to pull him out from the crease to come and attack me.
18:16And then, in the process, I'm attacking also.
18:19Because I've got two or three fielders close to the bat.
18:21Working with these great spinners at close quarters was wicket-keeper Farouk Engineer.
18:33I saw the way they gripped the ball, the way it left their fingers in the air and off the pitch.
18:39It was like a split-second computerized effect.
18:41And that's what great spin bowling and great wicket-keeping is all about.
18:46Coordination, hand-eye coordination.
18:51You've got to be quick.
18:52Your reflexes have got to be quick down the leg side.
18:54You're anticipating. You're on the blind spot there.
19:03Spin bowling benefited from the climate of India
19:06that produced dry, hard and cracked pitches.
19:13But it also came out of the very psyche of the country itself.
19:18The brain has always taken precedence over brawn in India.
19:21And fast bowling was seen as this brawn industry.
19:24And so the spin bowl of that era actually prided themselves in thinking a player out
19:28rather than knocking him over.
19:30And I think that's an Indian trait.
19:31We produce fantastic software engineers, for example.
19:33We've always produced very high-quality scientists
19:36because we pride ourselves on being a thinking erudite country.
19:40If you talk to the classical spin bowlers in India, the Vedis, the Prasannas,
19:44they took pride as much in taking a wicket
19:47as the manner in which they took the wicket.
19:49And there was this great pride, almost arrogance, in saying,
19:51you know what, I thought him out.
20:00Well, that's out.
20:01And this goal.
20:04In 1971, an Indian team, including all four spinners and wicket-keeper engineer,
20:13toured England, where they had never won a match.
20:16And that's it.
20:18So, there we are, the first wicket-keeper...
20:21After two draws in the first two tests, a third was played at the Oval.
20:25After both first innings, the game was finely balanced.
20:30Then, with England batting again, up stepped the maverick, Chandra Sekar,
20:36with bowling propelled by his polio-withered right arm.
20:39Get Chandra to Edric.
20:43Oh! Middle and off!
20:46He made a defect into an enormous asset.
20:49His right arm was so thin, just his wrist was almost broken,
20:54just went round and round.
20:55With the result, he bowled leg-breaks and googly's,
20:59without actually realising sometimes which way the ball was going.
21:02Well, this is an uncomfortable period for Fletcher,
21:05just three balls to go before lunch.
21:08He's gone!
21:09Back-hand pad, caught by Salkar.
21:13Fletcher looked absolutely devastated.
21:15Absolutely devastated.
21:17Like a rabbit caught in the headlights.
21:19And from that moment on, it seemed to me that England were mesmerised.
21:23Still these three short legs hovering just a few yards away from Illingworth.
21:27Silly mid-off.
21:29And he's caught and bowled.
21:31Full toss, driven straight back at Chandra Sekar.
21:36Oh, he's out! Oh, what a good catch!
21:37Then can it slip!
21:39And look at Chandra!
21:41What a day!
21:42What a day for India!
21:44And Tottenham!
21:53Chandra's six wickets for 38 runs led to England being bowled out for a mere 101.
22:00That was one spell.
22:02I mean, I can still talk about it in my dreams.
22:09Fantastic spell.
22:11Oh, he's out! Oh, what a good catch!
22:13And look at Chandra! Tottenham!
22:15The last day of play coincided with the festival for the Hindu god Ganesh.
22:20God of luck.
22:22But memories of past failure made for an oval full of nervous Indians.
22:26India needed 174 runs to win and was six wickets down when Farouk Engineer was joined at the wicket by the tail-ender, Abid Ali.
22:39Lofted in the air, Abid Ali panicky, wanting to go.
22:44And after that stroke, I think you'll find, yes, that Engineer is going to have a word with Abid Ali.
22:48We had one run to win. I said, Abid, don't take any risks. You know, we want to win this test match.
22:55OK, OK, OK.
22:57And he's cut that away.
23:00And he charged it out again to Derek Undovasone. He got a top edge, over the slips, four runs, and he won the test match.
23:06And give India a victory here in the oval test match.
23:10174 for six.
23:12For about three hours that day, I didn't move from the spot I was standing, lest I disturb the cosmic forces.
23:18You know, it was that sort of match because it was so important to register the first ever victory on English soil and win the series.
23:27And yet the feeling was that surely that dream can't be realised.
23:34There must be some weight they're carrying there. Farouk Engineer must be well over 14 stone.
23:38But to build on victories like this, India would need players who could regularly make big scores.
23:53Included in the 1971 team was a 22-year-old batsman, Sunil Gavaskar.
23:59Come on, tap. Come on, watch the ball. One, back lift. Straight. Come on, watching the ball. Two.
24:04Watching the ball. Two. Watching the ball is very important. Come on, watch the ball. Watch the ball.
24:10Maintain your balance. Balance is the key. Come on.
24:13Sunil Gavaskar came from Bombay, always the source of serious run-making in India.
24:18Lovely. Now do a drive. Back lift. One. That's it. Come on. Two. Three.
24:24Here, boys still learn the core values of the Bombay school of batting.
24:28A steady, correct, and orthodox technique that was Gavaskar's gift to Indian cricket.
24:32Watching the ball is very important. Come on, watch the ball. Watch the ball.
24:37Imagine that bowler is coming towards you. Come on. Watch the ball.
24:41Yes, watching the ball is very important.
24:44Everyone from my generation, they all wanted to be Sunil Gavaskar.
24:51Growing up as a kid, my brother would only give me examples of Sunil Gavaskar.
24:58The target for me as a school kid was 35 test hundreds.
25:07Sunil Gavaskar made his first test appearance at Lourdes in 1971,
25:12when he came shoulder to shoulder with fast bowler John Snow.
25:15So that didn't look a very nice incident to me.
25:20No question at all that he was impeding that little batsman there, in my opinion.
25:27This David and Gavaskar confrontation showed a defiance that helped Gavaskar score over 10,000 test runs,
25:34as the little man stood up to the fastest and meanest bowlers in the world.
25:44There were two things people said Indians could never do.
25:47One was bowl quick and one was bad against quick bowling.
25:50Indians were the butt of all jokes when it came to facing fast bowling.
25:52And suddenly this man went up and resisted fast bowling,
25:56and for the first time an Indian batsman could lay claim to being,
25:59if not the best batsman in the world, among the best batsmen in the world.
26:03And he went, and without a helmet, of course helmets we didn't know much about in those days,
26:07faced the quickest bowlers in the world.
26:09There it is, it's beautifully timed, backward of point.
26:12Captain Gavaskar hitting back for India.
26:14Gavaskar played long and patient innings of accumulation, vital.
26:21Yet to further India's ambition as a cricketing nation, something extra was needed.
26:29This came in the late 70s, when from Chandigarh in the north,
26:34came an all-rounder with real aggression and attitude.
26:38This was Kapil Dev.
26:40A warrior with the bat.
26:44The faster the ball comes, the faster you send it back.
26:47And what was new for India?
26:50A warrior with the ball.
26:53Good ball too. Four wickets to Kapil Dev.
26:56He could answer fire with fire, he could bowl a bouncer, make the opposition batsman duck.
27:04That sight of the opposition batsman ducking against an Indian bowler was a very symbolic act.
27:11A whole generation of Indian cricket followers, remember, had grown up with their batsmen ducking and squatting on the floor as the ball flew over their head.
27:19And he's given him out.
27:21Kapil Dev was two wickets now to his name.
27:24My aggression was, let's play from the front.
27:27And perhaps my previous generation of cricketer, they didn't know how to win matches.
27:34For them, saving the test match was as good as winning the test match.
27:39This absence of nerviness, this absence of self-consciousness, this freedom from history, that he was an athlete who happened to play cricket. This was new.
27:55At Lords in 1983, Kapil Dev was captain of a team who were underdogs in the one-day World Cup final against the formidable West Indians.
28:13Well done, that's beautifully bowled. Gavaskar has gone, the first wicket down, and Andy Roberts, in the middle of this great spell of bowling from himself and Joel Garner, has taken the first Indian wicket.
28:27And that really is the one they wanted.
28:31Well, there were a few Indians with signs outside Lords saying, you know, India's going to win, but the bookmakers were offering ridiculous odds.
28:41That's out, and straight to the man behind square leg.
28:46All assumptions about the game seemed to be confirmed when India batted first and reached only 183 runs.
28:51When we bowled them out that cheaply, and it was almost as if we were in automatic gear, you know, we'll beat India, especially now that they have set us such a mega target.
29:03The West Indies were 50 for two when Viv Richards came in and began to lay into bowler, Madame Lau.
29:10Well, let's have some more.
29:12I bowled two overs, and Richard hit me about 12 rounds in one over.
29:19The third over, like, you know, me and Kapil was, you know, discussing whether you should bowl or not, you know, I told him to give me the ball, I'll bowl this over.
29:30If I don't bowl well, then he can change me next over, because I knew that Richard is after me.
29:34So that is the only way you can get him out, if he's after you.
29:37Then the catch that would change the course of the game.
29:48That way to within 15 yards of the boundary.
29:53And the Indian skipper has done a tremendous job to get back there.
29:58Marvellous running catch.
29:59I don't remember much, I just went, it's the reflexes takeover.
30:04And I saw the ball in the air for a while, and I start running sideways.
30:09Halfway through, I realise it's within my reach.
30:12It wasn't an easy catch, it didn't come straight to his hand.
30:15He had to do a bit of running, he had to get underneath it.
30:18My heart was in my mouth, so to say, as the ball went up.
30:22No, there were two or three players circling round it, but Kapil said, mine.
30:25I went with the motion, and I was lucky I was there.
30:34At that stage, of course, one was only hoping that, you know, the margin of defeat would be lessened.
30:39But once that catch was taken, that moment was decisive.
30:42The Indian medium pacers were now able to exploit English conditions of cloud cover to swing the ball.
30:49He's done!
30:51Lloyd is caught, and the West Indies in total disarray now.
30:55It had an impact.
30:57We were lackadaisical, we became complacent.
31:01Which is next, he's called, he's out.
31:04We took things for granted.
31:06We started to fall, and we just thought, well, somebody would get those runs anyway.
31:10And he's got it on.
31:12And it depressed the West Indies, to a fantastic degree.
31:15Suddenly there's target of 183, which looked so easy, now looks very remote.
31:20When the last wicket fell, you know.
31:22When Michael only got out, we thought, that is the only time we thought we won the World Cup, you know.
31:28I don't remember what exactly was happening.
31:38I want to hold on to the cup, and, you know, they were giving me, and I want to push it back.
31:46I think I was totally spaced out at that time, and I just took the cup.
31:52What they were saying, with that noise, I don't remember.
31:55I don't remember.
31:56I don't remember at all.
32:04Back in India, victory finally did sink in.
32:08At that moment, when we landed in Bombay.
32:16Hundreds of thousands of people standing on the road, and we are in the bus, and we didn't know how to react.
32:23Victory at Lourdes, not only signalled India's emergence as a cricketing power, it showed, as Prime Minister Indira Gandhi told the nation, we can do it.
32:35In 1991, India was transformed into a country which could do it in a rapidly changing world.
32:53Socialist planning and economic protectionism were replaced by privatization and access to India for foreign multinationals.
33:04Cricket, as the national game, became a critical arena for new money.
33:09You had all this corporate money suddenly. These were multinational companies which were not allowed to come into India before that.
33:17And now you had, you know, you had the Cokes and the Pepsis and the Adidas.
33:22They were coming with phenomenal advertising budgets.
33:26And cricket to them was the obvious arena where to spend.
33:29It was seen as something which was pan-Indian.
33:32It cut across all strata.
33:33It was as popular in the north as in the south as in the east and the west.
33:38And with all this money coming in cricket was transformed quite dramatically in that period of about three or four years.
33:47The ambitions of India itself grew as a player on the cricket stage.
33:51A very good evening to you and welcome once again. It's Thursday night on Dalsi for cricket.
34:02My name is Manish Valicha and as usual, we're here with a question for you on the back of that selection for...
34:08With the opening up of the economy came satellite television,
34:11which has made cricket a seven days a week, 24-hour experience for homes all over India.
34:17Satellite television brought cricket from all over the world into India.
34:22Satellite television brought cricket from all over the world into India.
34:26And when satellite television went into what we call the second and the third great towns in India,
34:31little kids there who didn't have access to world sport
34:34suddenly started watching cricket from Australia, from England, later on from South Africa as well.
34:39And that has led to the big small town boom in Indian cricket.
34:42Because all of a sudden, high quality commentators, high quality pictures, they're learning cricket from television,
34:46and they didn't have to be in the big series anymore.
34:51The arrival of satellite television took world cricket into the smallest corners of India.
34:55Good stroke there.
34:56Good stroke there.
34:59Bolden left it alone, complete misjudgment on the path of Bonsaka.
35:04Out he goes.
35:05With the game ever more popular across India, parks were filled to bursting with aspiring cricketers.
35:20It was on these maidans in Bombay that the next star to graduate from this city's celebrated batting academy first hit the headlines.
35:36Sachin Tenvilka was only 15 and playing on the Azad maidan when he took part in a remarkable partnership with his friend Vinod Tambli.
35:44We were having a lot of fun. We were kind of singing in between the overs and cracking jokes and all those kind of things and hitting boundaries.
35:54It was fabulous. We got those some 664 runs in just over a day.
36:01And it's a huge ground. Every hour we were hitting a couple of boundaries and the guys were not really enjoying the opposition.
36:10There were a couple of guys apparently cried also, which we got to know later.
36:15But I scored 326 not out and Vinod scored 349 not out. It was wonderful those days.
36:23The schoolboy, Tendulka, was fast-tracked into the national team.
36:30By the time he was 15, he had played for Bombay.
36:33He was playing against some of the best bowlers in India.
36:36And by the time he was 16, he was facing up to bowlers of the calibre of Imran Khan and Wasi Makram and Waqar Younis.
36:42And these were very staggering, I think, staggering achievements.
36:46His first test series in England was in 1990.
36:53And that's a half-century for Tendulka.
36:57On the final day of the Old Trafford Test, Tendulka produced a match-saving innings to announce that here was the heir apparent to Sunil Gavaskar.
37:07I don't know. I just went out and played the cricket that I know. I didn't try to be different.
37:13Obviously, there were plenty of fielders in the attacking positions, a lot of chat going around.
37:21That'll do. Way, way over-slip.
37:25He was determined from ball number one.
37:27You know, the way he played straight, the way he played the English bowlers in English conditions,
37:33the way he adapted himself to the pitch that day, was phenomenal to watch.
37:38And I, for one, was filled with great pride that this young boy is performing so well.
37:45And there it is. Test match 100 for Tendulka.
37:51Sachin Tendulka had scored his first test century at only 17 years and 112 days.
37:57In the years that followed, Tendulka matured into arguably the best test batsman in the world by playing against the best.
38:14Go on for him. Beautifully played.
38:19Sachin's been able to fuse the orthodox and the unorthodox, the attacking and the defensive.
38:28To be able to score runs quickly while still eliminating risk.
38:32But Sachin's always had the pressure of playing test cricket at the same time, playing in increasing number of venues all around the world,
38:43playing more cricket every year.
38:45Just the ability to manage all of that, I think Sachin has been the package.
38:53Sachin Tendulka has scored thousands of runs, not only in test matches, but also in international one-day games.
39:00The explosion of limited overs cricket worldwide in the 80s and 90s had created a colourful, fast-paced, new kind of sporting event.
39:20Pajama cricket was scandalising traditionalists, but it was helping create a new winning mentality amongst Indian cricketers.
39:31They don't play for draw.
39:34And one-day cricket taught you one thing beautiful, there is nothing draw.
39:39One-day cricket, either you win or lose.
39:42That's changed the mindset of Indian players also.
39:46We have to go for the win.
39:47As for the fans, the one-day game appealed to the extrovert, loud, frenetic and haphazard side of their lives that could never be satisfied by test cricket.
40:02Indians actually are fast-paced people. The favourite word in India is jaldi, which means hurry, you'll hear that, jaldi, jaldi, hurry, hurry.
40:13What one-day cricket did, the success of one-day cricket did, was it made Indians realise it was a form of cricket, which was much better, more lucrative, lucrative in the sense of actually winning, having success, than the five-day test match, which was much more enjoyable.
40:29So Indians took to that.
40:30Terrific shot, four all the way, straight along the carpets. The batsman's name is Tendulkar.
40:43When India co-hosted the 1996 World Cup, there was enormous expectation from players and fans that their team would go all the way.
41:08The home side got through to the semi-finals to face Sri Lanka at Calcutta's vast stadium, Eden Gardens.
41:17Sri Lanka first got 251. India, with Tendulkar at the wicket, were going well.
41:26Oh, he's got him. Yes, he's got him. I'm sure he's out. This could be a vital wicket. It was very, very well done. He's asked for the replay.
41:34Again, let's have a look. Back comes his front foot. He goes forward and his bat's in the air. That is definitely out.
41:41India are going to be 98 for two. They are.
41:45Oh, he's bowled him. He's bowled him around the legs. That's a magnificent delivery.
41:50He's bowled him around his legs again.
41:52Good down on the way. This is going to be out court. It's high in the air. It's coming down. Yes, he's got him.
41:55This is going down the ground too. This could be out. There'll be a collision. He's got him. Yes, another one.
42:00The Indians are committing suicide. One by one, they're hitting him in the air. And one by one, they're being toppled.
42:05An Indian collapse provokes the crowd. And unfortunately, we've got a few problems out there.
42:11The Indians really are not taking this very well. Their bottles being thrown out onto the ground.
42:17But they really are not happy with their side. Police are beginning to circle. There are 110,000 people in this ground.
42:26But the fact is that the Calcutta crowd is a very fair weather crowd. That when India is doing well, it's a fantastic crowd to watch.
42:36But they turn against very, very quickly. Calcutta crowds are waiting to erupt.
42:41The Sri Lankans, I can tell you, have all got themselves together. They're not about to go and stand on the boundary.
42:47The uncle who had taken me there said, we must leave. There's going to be a riot. And I almost had tears in my eyes because I couldn't bear to leave the stadium.
42:57But he was right. And we went home and we watched the match. I saw the rest of it on television.
43:02And it was very sad because I think even at that age, of course, you feel bad seeing your own team lose like that.
43:09But just the fundamental indecency of that event, I think, was a very sad day for Indian cricket.
43:17The crowd, that's Clive Roy, the match referee, going to speak to the umpires.
43:22He can make the decisions. Can Clive Lloyd, former West Indies captain?
43:26Faced with riot, match referee Clive Lloyd awarded the match to the Sri Lankans.
43:31The match has been abandoned.
43:33If you're crowd throwing stones on you, I don't think we've got a huge amount to defend there.
43:37But the manner in which it happened, Vinod Kamli walking off crying because he thought he might have taken India to victory.
43:43There was a lot of sadness there.
43:45But remember, Indian cricket has followed like the Indian film.
43:48There has to be a lot of comedy. There has to be a lot of joy.
43:51And there has to be a lot of sadness because all that is one package.
43:54And I think we saw that side of the package that day in 96.
44:01There has always been a darker and violent side to cricket in the subcontinent.
44:06Pakistan!
44:07Pakistan!
44:08Pakistan!
44:09During the 90s, this was found in matches between India and Pakistan.
44:13The trauma of partition, war, a dispute over Kashmir and now the threat of terror has complicated cricket between these neighbours and rivals.
44:27Indian and Pakistan games have always been very charged.
44:32It's a family feud.
44:35It was once a family which is split up, which is never going to come together.
44:39And therefore, a family feud always leads to a lot of bitterness.
44:42A match in 1997 was one such family affair.
44:51I just wonder if they're getting a little too involved.
44:54It's one of the players involved there that looks like Imza Mahmul Haq has gone into the crowd.
44:58Now that's very, very unusual.
45:00During the limited overs Sahara Cup, the Pakistan player Imza Mahmul Haq was abused by Indian fans.
45:07That is very, very ugly. I'm afraid it's not looking good at all.
45:10So he decided on some rough justice of his own.
45:16I actually think at that point, India and Pakistan playing cricket were actually dividing people rather than bringing them together.
45:22Well, I can't believe that he's gone in there unless somebody has provoked him.
45:28Somebody has said something or thrown something at him.
45:31In the late 90s, the feeling of a sport gone bad deepened when rumours of match-fixing began to circulate.
45:59In a media frenzy, leading Indian cricketers were accused.
46:06Then a police report proved that there were direct links between players and illegal bookmakers.
46:14People lost faith in everything they had seen, in all the matches they had seen.
46:19They no longer trusted the results.
46:20I had friends who didn't watch cricket for years after that.
46:24It was just an absolute loss of faith in the sport.
46:35Sickening. Absolutely sickening.
46:38And when some of the players were found to be indulging in that kind of nonsense.
46:49No.
46:50Cricket died many deaths then.
46:52Cricket died many deaths then.
46:56What the Chinese don were finding?
46:58What the Chinese don't know to be a pagan hall?
47:00To take Indian cricket out of darkness and into the light, there was a need for a new leader.
47:09To take Indian cricket out of darkness and into the light, there was a need for a new leader.
47:26So, in 2000, the Indian selectors took a gamble on a player from the hotbed of Indian cricket, Calcutta.
47:34This was Saurav Ganguly, nicknamed Maharaj.
47:39He is a man from a very, very privileged background, but yet with a very strong sense of mongrel in him on the cricket pitch.
47:47He is at once a very self-absorbed man, but yet he was able to give a remarkable amount of himself to his teammates.
47:54Oh, four runs again. Pitched up and smashed on the ground for four. So, this Indian attack at the moment is looking very ordinary.
48:14Ganguly's first real challenge as captain came in the home series against Australia in 2001.
48:22Caught at second slip. A comfortable catch there for Ricky Ponting.
48:26The teams met for the second test at Ganguly's home ground, Eden Gardens.
48:33What followed was one of the most remarkable games of cricket in Indian history.
48:41So, McGrath's been bowling in swing is to Tendulkar.
48:44And that's it again. Big shout. He's given in.
48:47The Australians scored 445 in their first innings.
48:51India replied with only 171 and were forced to follow on to bat again.
48:56And there is a deathly silence around this ground.
49:00By the third day of the match, the Indians were in trouble.
49:04If you asked anyone on the third day at lunchtime who's going to win this game,
49:09every 100 out of 100 would have said Australia because we were in no position to win.
49:15Ganguly as captain was facing disaster.
49:18And this was Eden Gardens with its taste for riot.
49:21So, anything was possible.
49:23Yet over the next three days, India batted to a score of 657
49:30with one remarkable innings of 281 from batsmen, VVS Lakshman.
49:36You couldn't put it into a novel.
49:40This man comes in. He comes in one drop
49:42because Ganguly, in an inspired move, demotes Rahul Dravid to number 6,
49:45who's our customer in number 3.
49:48Lakshman isn't an enormously aggressive batsman in his body language.
49:51What he is, is this languid, limber, just beautiful batsman to watch.
49:55He stands there and stroke by stroke,
49:58he creates this bizarre day in which he and Rahul Dravid
50:02bat out an entire day without losing a wicket.
50:05On the fifth and final day, Australia needed 384 to save the match.
50:14And it's a big shout, he's out!
50:17That was beautifully bowled by Thendulkar.
50:19Sachin, the master batsman, had chanced his arm.
50:23What will the umpire do? Give him out!
50:27Wrapped on the pads, yeah, the finger has gone up!
50:30He didn't pick up the kugli.
50:31That was beautifully bowled by Thendulkar.
50:35I got Hayden, I got Gilchrist and won.
50:39All three wickets were important ones,
50:41but Harvajan did him a major damage.
50:45Oh, he's battered there! Oh, he's given him!
50:47He's given him! Umphire Bansal's given him!
50:49That's the end of the test match.
50:51Indian have won! Indian have won in dramatic style.
50:54The whole of Thendulkar are on their feet.
51:00It's the ultimately improbable test match.
51:03And because it's played against what is possibly the greatest team in modern times,
51:08it's a comeback that is for the ages.
51:12And it's immortal also because of what happens next.
51:15We win the third match in Madras.
51:18So we actually win the series.
51:30The next year, success on the raucous terraces of Eden Gardens
51:34was followed up at the home of cricketing good manners.
51:38At Lord's, in the final of the one-day series against England,
51:41there was another dramatic finish.
51:43Saurav Ganguly now behaved in a way which was symbolic of a new mood in India.
51:54The fielder had to throw the ball.
51:56This time it's Ganguly with his shirt off.
51:59You know, we've always harbored thoughts of telling people,
52:02listen, get stuffed yourself, but we never did it.
52:05We're a great talking nation.
52:06We weren't a great doing nation.
52:08And they found that when Saurav came along
52:10when he actually took that shirt off,
52:11people said, ah, someone's actually done it.
52:14Someone's done what we wanted to do.
52:16And there wasn't a script writer who wrote it for him.
52:17He just did it.
52:19He was a generation of Indians,
52:21born almost 30 years after Indian independence,
52:26who had no sort of colonial baggage,
52:28hadn't come with any colonial baggage.
52:30This was a man who could say,
52:31yes, I'm an Indian, so what?
52:33I'm as good as anybody else.
52:35It doesn't matter what happened 100 years ago
52:37and what my ancestors did.
52:38You've got to take me as I am.
52:41And this was a very new,
52:42and for many Indians,
52:44a very liberating voice to hear.
52:57Today, India is on the verge of superpower status.
53:02A nation that now dictates to the world,
53:04buys up the world.
53:05India has sent a rocket to the moon,
53:09an assertion that for this country,
53:12the sky is not the limit.
53:19And back on Earth,
53:21there is a new cricket tournament
53:23that loudly expresses the energy and wealth
53:25of a nation in a hurry.
53:27It's primarily to revitalize the cricket product
53:30for earning opportunities for players.
53:33This is the Indian Premier League,
53:35a 20-over format invented in England,
53:38but now given a very Indian identity.
53:41Even before the tournament had actually started,
53:45you could actually feel that, you know,
53:48this tournament is going to become huge.
53:51This is going to get massive response.
53:58Inspired by the footballing example
54:00of the English Premier League,
54:02city-based franchises have been created
54:04and sold for over 500 million pounds.
54:08$950,000 I'm made to start here.
54:11Players from all over the world
54:13are auctioned for sums beyond 1 million pounds.
54:15The Chennai, $1,550,000.
54:19Andrew Flint.
54:21India is a very rich cricketing nation
54:23where a lot of people
54:24are looking to make investments in cricket.
54:27And for the first time,
54:28money came out into the Indian cricket market
54:30in the form of private enterprise.
54:32I think history will record 20 years from now
54:34as IPL as the greatest turning point
54:36ever in the history of the game.
54:39The boss,
54:41the one and only Sachin Tendunka,
54:44the incomparable
54:45The IPL is what its marketing men call
54:52a premium product
54:53with its East-West mix
54:54of Bollywood soundtracks and cheerleaders.
55:00For some,
55:012020 is an affront
55:03to the traditions of cricket.
55:05I find it suffocating, honestly.
55:07I find it
55:08the most vulgar
55:12expression of cricket.
55:14It's not cricket, no.
55:16For those involved,
55:23this three-hour eruption of bat and ball
55:25is an exciting
55:27and lucrative
55:28new cricket adventure.
55:30I don't think I've experienced
55:32anything like the IPL,
55:33the intensity
55:33and the passion
55:34of the crowd,
55:3570,000, 80,000
55:36at every game,
55:37110,000
55:38at Eden Gardens.
55:39It was just electric.
55:41It was like a grand final,
55:42an FA Cup final,
55:43just screaming after every ball.
55:45It was full of action
55:48and people loved it.
55:50Kids,
55:50six, seven-year-olds also enjoy it
55:53because all they keep talking about
55:54is sixes and fours
55:55and that includes my son.
55:57I keep telling him
55:58sometimes it's not bad to defend.
56:00Whatever the reservations,
56:06this is consumer-friendly
56:07prime-time entertainment,
56:09the ultimate
56:10Tamasha you can have
56:12at a cricket match.
56:14This is a domestic tournament
56:16having the world's best cricketers
56:18on display
56:18and putting on a show
56:20as if to say,
56:21right,
56:21you want to see cricket?
56:22You want to see fun?
56:23You want to see three hours
56:24of entertainment?
56:25Here are all the world's
56:27great entertainers
56:27in front of you.
56:28What more do you want?
56:29And they've got a television audience
56:31at home
56:32where they say
56:33that this television audience
56:35reaches out to parts
56:37of the public
56:38that have never been
56:39touched by cricket.
56:40The housewife at home,
56:41you know,
56:42in between cooking
56:43supper for her family,
56:45she can watch the cricket
56:46and then, you know,
56:46over supper,
56:47the family can watch
56:48the rest of the game.
56:56And suddenly,
56:57there were ratings dropping
56:58of other television shows.
57:00A friend of mine
57:01called up and said,
57:01I'm really scared
57:02at what this IPL is doing
57:03because my wife is asking me
57:04what is Albie Morkul's
57:06test record
57:06and she's never watched
57:07a cricket match in her life.
57:08It brought a lot of people
57:09into the game
57:10and combined this razzmatazz.
57:12I think it also told Indians
57:14that we are at the cutting edge
57:16of something
57:16that's changing the world.
57:26The IPL
57:27is the latest chapter
57:28in the long story
57:29of Indian cricket
57:30from the game of empire
57:32to the riches
57:33and razzmatazz of today.
57:35What is up?
57:36What is up?
57:37Up until now,
57:39there has been a kind
57:40of harmony
57:41between the two parts
57:42of the Indian cricketing soul
57:43nourished by test cricket
57:45and the one-day game.
57:4621 and out.
57:47Now here is the first sign
57:49of real aggression.
57:52But there are fears
57:53that this big hitting newcomer
57:55will end up destroying
57:56traditions ancient and modern
57:58in India
57:59and the wider empire
58:00of cricket.
58:01Yet despite security problems
58:05in the subcontinent
58:06sending the IPL
58:08to South Africa
58:09what is clear
58:10is that on and off the pitch
58:12all eyes
58:13will remain
58:14on India.
58:15So, a tense world
58:252020 final
58:26between Pakistan
58:27and Sri Lanka today.
58:28If you missed any of it,
58:29all the highlights
58:30next on BBC2.
58:45you
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