- 2 years ago
Menteri Koordinator Bidang Kemaritiman dan Investasi Luhut Binsar Pandjaitan mengatakan Pemerintah akan menggandeng China untuk menggarap sawah di Kalimantan Tengah. Kesepakatan tersebut menjadi salah satu hasil pertemuannya dengan Menteri Luar Negeri China Wang Yi dalam ajang High Level Dialogue and Cooperation Mechanism (HDCM) RI–RRC di Labuan Bajo, Nusa Tenggara Timur.
Luhut menjelaskan, setidaknya terdapat lahan seluas satu juta hektare di Kabupaten Pulang Pisang, Kalimantan Tengah yang bisa dimanfaatkan untuk mengembangkan sawah dengan China secara bertahap. Pemerintah pun juga berencana menggandeng mitra lokal setempat dalam proyek ini. Ia berharap alih teknologi dari Negeri Tirai Bambu tersebut bisa berhasil dengan baik. Pasalnya Indonesia selama ini masih saja mengimpor beras dari negeri tetangga hingga jutaan ton setiap tahunnya.Luhut meyakini, jika proyek ini berhasil, maka Indonesia pun akan mencapai swasembada beras di masa depan.
Luhut menjelaskan, setidaknya terdapat lahan seluas satu juta hektare di Kabupaten Pulang Pisang, Kalimantan Tengah yang bisa dimanfaatkan untuk mengembangkan sawah dengan China secara bertahap. Pemerintah pun juga berencana menggandeng mitra lokal setempat dalam proyek ini. Ia berharap alih teknologi dari Negeri Tirai Bambu tersebut bisa berhasil dengan baik. Pasalnya Indonesia selama ini masih saja mengimpor beras dari negeri tetangga hingga jutaan ton setiap tahunnya.Luhut meyakini, jika proyek ini berhasil, maka Indonesia pun akan mencapai swasembada beras di masa depan.
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TVTranscript
00:00 [Music]
00:14 Hello viewers, how are you today?
00:16 Back again with me, Prasetyo Ibo in the Market Review program
00:20 which covers the issues of Indonesia's economic movement
00:23 and this time we will discuss from the agricultural sector
00:25 where the government will again replace China
00:29 to develop agriculture in the Kalimantan region
00:32 Let's start the Market Review
00:35 [Music]
00:43 Minister of Maritime Affairs and Investment Luhut Bin Sar Panjaitan said
00:48 the government will replace China to plant rice fields in Central Kalimantan
00:52 Luhut hopes the technology from the country of bamboo can be successful
00:57 because Indonesia has been importing rice from its neighbors
01:02 up to millions of tons every year
01:05 [Music]
01:07 Minister of Maritime Affairs and Investment Luhut Bin Sar Panjaitan said
01:12 the government will replace China to plant rice fields in Central Kalimantan
01:19 The agreement is one of the results of meeting with China's Foreign Minister Wang Yi
01:24 in the High-Level Dialogue and Cooperation Mechanism or HDCM-RIRRC
01:31 in Labuan Bajo Nusa, East Southeast
01:34 Luhut explained that there is at least 1 million hectares of land in Pulang Pisang, Central Kalimantan
01:41 which can be used to develop rice fields with China gradually
01:46 The government also plans to replace local partners in this project
01:51 [Music]
01:52 We have already made rice fields in Kumbang Hancurutan, Toba
01:55 but I think the process is not enough
01:58 because it is too slow
01:59 We want to plant curly chilies, onions, garlic, durian, and fruits
02:08 We cooperate with them
02:09 They make the lab together
02:11 I am sure that the transfer technology cannot be done without research
02:16 Luhut hopes the technology from Bamboo Valley can be successful
02:22 because Indonesia still imports rice from neighboring countries up to millions of tons every year
02:29 Luhut believes that if this project succeeds, Indonesia will be the rice field in the future
02:34 [Music]
02:41 I am Mirsa, to discuss our topic this time
02:43 The government invites China to develop agriculture in the Kalimantan area
02:47 We have been connected through Zoom with Professor Dwi Andreas
02:51 He is a food researcher from IPB University
02:54 Good morning, Prof Dwi
02:56 Good morning, Mr. Rez
02:57 Yes, good morning, Prof
02:59 Good morning, too
03:01 Before discussing further about the government's invitation
03:04 again, China is invited to develop the industry in the water and this time from the agricultural sector
03:10 How is the agricultural condition in Indonesia now?
03:13 The development, innovation, technological utilization, and so on
03:17 According to your observation, is it in accordance with the development of the time?
03:22 Does it mean that it has used advanced technology or what?
03:26 Please, Prof
03:27 Yes, let's just be positive, Mr. Rez
03:32 Regarding what the government has been doing in this matter, Mr. Luhut
03:37 Because we are facing a big problem related to rice cultivation in Indonesia
03:44 Our rice productivity or rice production continues to decline
03:49 If we look at the official data
03:53 From 2014 to 2023, the production decline was 1.0% per year
04:03 1.0% per year of production decline during the current government
04:07 For that reason, in 2023, we are facing an extraordinary difficulty
04:13 So the government needs to import rice up to 3.06 million tons
04:17 The largest import in the history of the last 25 years
04:23 Then, in addition, this year the government decided to import 3.6 million tons again
04:30 So that's what happened, our production is not good at all
04:36 Especially during the current government, the production decline continues to occur on an average of 1% per year
04:42 Although there are increases and decreases, I count it based on the average production decline
04:48 1% per year
04:49 If from the production side, if we look at the rice crop in 2013
04:56 The rice crop produced 5.8.7 million tons in 2013
05:03 Ten years later, the data from the BPS
05:08 It dropped to 5.3.6
05:10 From 5.8.7 to 5.3.6, almost 5 million tons
05:15 The decline in our rice crop or our rice production over the past 10 years
05:21 So you can imagine this is a big problem
05:24 If this is not overcome, it is a certain item
05:28 We have to import and import again
05:32 And maybe the import will grow longer and longer
05:34 The import decision in 2024 is more than in 2023
05:39 Okay, Prof.
05:40 The government will plan to build a rice field or a farm in the area of Kalimantan, especially in Central Kalimantan
05:46 Is the area suitable for that?
05:49 Or is there an innovation or maybe there is a previous study that has been done?
05:57 Yes, it's okay
05:58 In the sense that I happened to be involved
06:02 At the time of the development of 1 million hectares of rice fields
06:06 In 1996, at that time I was sitting as a member of the environmental risk analysis
06:13 For the 1 million hectares of rice fields
06:17 At that time, the ecosystem was extraordinarily beautiful there
06:22 I went out into the forest, then until 1998 I still often visited there
06:27 Then finally the land was destroyed, more than 1 million hectares
06:33 And now the land is the center of forest and land burning
06:39 In 2015, there were 125 points there and became the largest rice farming center in Indonesia
06:45 So that's what happened
06:47 Then, is the last one I was involved in?
06:51 So in 2020-2021, I was with my friends from the Food Ministry
06:58 Because the Food Ministry was asked to be involved in Food Estate
07:02 Develop again, try again there
07:05 Although the results are not very similar
07:09 We tried 12 varieties there
07:11 The average result is only 0.85 tons of rice per hectare
07:17 So it's very low
07:19 There are many physical, social and economic limitations in that location
07:25 That needs to be overcome
07:27 If it is not overcome, what Mr. Luhut stated will only be a dream
07:33 Will end in failure as what happened in the last 25 years
07:38 Okay, Professor, by bringing China together, there is hope there
07:41 Do you think it is already the right cooperation between the Indonesian government and China?
07:46 From the point of view of their technology, maybe also their experience
07:50 Because they are quite massive in production and also research in the field of food and agriculture
07:57 Yes, okay, back again, because this issue has been so serious
08:02 And it was brought there, right?
08:05 There is an issue that China will bring in Indonesian farmers
08:10 Indonesia is dominated by China
08:12 Then there is another issue related to mining and so on
08:16 Okay, I will only return that issue to the actual issue
08:21 We did have a very serious problem with our rice production
08:27 Which has been declining for the past 10 years
08:30 So we have to import such a large amount since last year
08:34 Why is that?
08:37 Of course, one of the main factors is land
08:41 The decline in our rice fields
08:43 If we take data from the National Land Administration
08:48 Sorry, National Land Administration
08:50 In 2012, our rice fields had 8.3 million hectares
08:55 In 2019, based on the agreement, only 7.4 million hectares left
08:59 Decreased by almost 1 million hectares in just 7 years
09:03 Then, from the technology side, our technology has improved
09:09 What does it mean?
09:10 If we look at Asia, China has the highest rice productivity
09:17 About 6.5%
09:20 Then the second is imported by Vietnam
09:23 Vietnam's production is currently about 6.0 tons per hectare
09:30 In Indonesia, the rice productivity is about 5.1-5.3 tons per hectare
09:40 So there is a difference
09:41 But Indonesia is still the third in Asia
09:43 The others are brought by Indonesia
09:45 Vietnam is brought by Indonesia, Malaysia is brought by Indonesia
09:47 Everything is brought by Indonesia
09:49 The ones above Indonesia are currently Vietnam and China
09:53 So we actually have a lot of potential
09:57 Then, what are China's advantages?
10:00 Indeed, since the 1970s
10:02 We remember Professor Zhuang Longping
10:07 Who developed hybrid rice since the 1970s
10:10 Then the hybrid rice continued to develop relatively fast
10:15 In the 1990s, 68% of rice plantations in China were hybrid rice
10:23 Or hybrid varieties that produced quite high rice production in China
10:28 Then, the rice planting in China experienced a decline
10:34 And now the rice planting in China is about 50% or 51%
10:40 From the area of rice planting in China
10:43 So there is actually a significant difference in productivity
10:49 In Indonesia, the rice production is about 5.1-5.3 tons per hectare
10:54 In China, it is about 6.5 tons per hectare
10:56 So there is a difference
10:58 It is expected that China will also do transport technology
11:01 Including rice planting and planting
11:04 If it is expected that the cooperation in the Central Kalimantan area
11:07 We will continue in the next segment, Professor
11:09 We will be brief
11:10 And, viewers, make sure you are still with us
11:13 [Music]
11:20 Thank you, Commissioner, for joining us in Market Review
11:24 And next, we will provide you with data
11:26 About the area of rice planting in Indonesia
11:30 In 2009, it was recorded that there were 8.07 million hectares of rice planting in Indonesia
11:37 Then in 2019, it decreased to 7.46 million hectares
11:43 That's it, there was a decrease
11:47 Okay, and next, the agricultural workers in 2020
11:51 Myanmar, Cambodia, and Indonesia
11:53 In Myanmar, it was recorded that there were 48.9% for agricultural workers
12:01 Then in Cambodia, it was 32.1%
12:04 In Indonesia, it was 29.8%
12:07 Okay, let's continue our discussion with Professor Dwi Andreas, Food Researcher, IPB University
12:13 Yes, Professor, we will continue
12:15 We were talking about the government's efforts to improve the food supply
12:20 Especially heavy food, increase production
12:22 Then, technology is also there
12:25 So, how?
12:26 Is the government's hope that China will do transport technology
12:30 To do rice planting in the Kalimantan area
12:34 Will it be applied in Indonesia?
12:39 Or is there a need for research and development?
12:44 Please, Professor
12:45 Okay, the special development of rice farming in China
12:49 Is the development of rice paddy
12:51 That's very special
12:53 I was told by Professor Yang Longping
12:57 Then in 2017, they announced to the public
13:04 That they managed to break the highest productivity record
13:07 Through rice paddy
13:09 The name of the variety is Xiang Liang You
13:12 In 2017
13:14 At a position of 17.2 tons per hectare
13:17 The productivity of rice paddy that was tested at that time
13:21 Then in 2020, it was tested again by Professor Yang Longping
13:28 Produced 22.5 tons per hectare
13:34 The production is indeed relatively high
13:37 In Indonesia, at least in our rice network
13:42 In the Association of Rice Farmers and Rice Technology Indonesia
13:44 We conducted a test in 2019
13:47 For one of our varieties, IF16
13:49 Its production reached 20 tons per hectare
13:53 The highest production, not hybrid, but non-hybrid
13:57 And at that time, the production was real
14:00 Because planted on a 1-acre land, 0.8 hectares
14:04 Produced 16 tons
14:06 But rice paddy
14:07 So that's 20 tons
14:10 The 22.5 tons of rice paddy
14:12 We don't know exactly
14:15 But indeed from the performance, we have to admit
14:18 China is very good in development
14:21 Especially rice paddy
14:24 So can we apply this technology in Indonesia?
14:29 Let's talk about rice paddy technology first
14:30 Actually, it was in 2007-2010
14:36 Because at that time, Yusuf Kalam visited China too
14:39 Then tried to apply the rice paddy in Indonesia
14:43 But from the test at that time
14:46 Many failed
14:48 In the sense that Chinese rice paddy hybrid
14:51 Its productivity is lower than even Indonesia's non-hybrid
14:55 Then in Indonesia, rice paddy hybrid was also developed
15:00 Especially by BP Padi
15:01 BP Padi developed more than 10 varieties of rice paddy hybrid
15:08 Then licensed to one of the companies
15:11 Then is the rice paddy hybrid seed in China
15:14 It is currently also imported to Indonesia and planted by farmers
15:19 There are even two varieties, I don't need to mention the name
15:23 Because it's in the media
15:24 Which is adored by farmers
15:27 Two varieties of rice paddy hybrid that are currently being developed by China
15:31 And then sold by one of the companies in Indonesia
15:37 And it is liked by farmers, although the price is relatively expensive
15:42 The price is around Rp. 130,000-150,000 per kilogram
15:45 So actually, if we talk about the application of hybrid technology
15:49 It has been applied in Indonesia
15:52 Although not as massive as in China
15:55 Not as massive as in Pakistan
15:57 In Pakistan, about 25% of the rice paddy planted there is hybrid
16:02 Although the productivity is much higher than Indonesia
16:05 Indonesia is much higher than Pakistan
16:07 So it doesn't have to be that the application of hybrid rice paddy will increase production
16:12 Not necessarily
16:14 It depends on many factors and many aspects
16:16 So that's it, that's hybrid technology
16:19 As for other technologies, because later the plan is in Central Kalimantan
16:25 I know exactly because I experienced it myself
16:28 And we will do another trial in 2020-2021
16:32 That's the problem, it's amazing
16:34 The most important issue there is the water management
16:39 Then does China have a good water management?
16:44 Yes, I'm not sure
16:47 Then the land issue
16:49 Indonesian experts understand much more than Chinese experts
16:53 Related to the land conditions in Central Kalimantan
16:57 We are much more expert in managing that
17:00 Because Indonesia has experience
17:03 The Indonesian National Bank has experience in developing land for irrigation and irrigation in Sumatra
17:10 The Indonesian National Bank has experience in Kalimantan
17:15 So our experts are much smarter than Chinese experts
17:19 If it's related to rice paddy cultivation in Central Kalimantan
17:25 So that's it
17:27 So what about the role and position of Indonesian farmers?
17:33 Indonesian farmers to be able to develop agricultural land again
17:37 So why should the government replace other parties?
17:40 Maybe it should be more trusting to the Indonesian National Bank
17:44 We will discuss it again in the next segment
17:46 And Mr. Firsar, stay with us
17:56 We will continue this interesting discussion with Prof. Dewi Andrias, the Food Conservation Specialist of the University of Indonesia
18:02 Prof. Dewi, we will continue the conversation
18:05 What about the role and position?
18:08 What about the ability of Indonesian farmers to cope with the land conditions in Indonesia?
18:15 How do we create new innovations
18:19 For the best varieties of rice paddy in Indonesia?
18:24 Yes, first, because China seems to want to cooperate with Indonesia in the development of rice paddy in Indonesia
18:35 Indeed, from this side, we are very weak
18:38 The rice paddy industry in Indonesia is only four people
18:45 Only four people, hundreds of people in China have the ability to develop rice paddy
18:51 So, from the human resources, we are already losing
18:56 But once again, I insist that it is very difficult to develop the varieties in China and then implement it in Indonesia
19:05 It needs adaptation, it needs to be married as a rejuvenation
19:10 There is a rejuvenation, it is called restorer
19:12 Married with restorer in Indonesia, rejuvenation
19:16 The most difficult thing for them is to produce sterile males, this is the most difficult rice technology to produce
19:23 But then it is married with rejuvenation in Indonesia, it needs to be tested to adapt to Indonesia
19:28 Because, from the land conditions and climate, we are very different
19:34 Rice paddy varieties in China are developed in subtropical climates, right?
19:41 Indonesia is subtropical
19:43 When there is a temperature increase of 2 degrees Celsius, the crops collapse
19:48 Okay, Prof
19:50 That's what I heard from China
19:52 They can't stand a relatively high temperature
19:55 So, it's really good if this can be cooperated with Indonesian researchers to develop anything
20:04 Rice paddy in Indonesia, for example
20:06 So, even though I said earlier that we are very weak
20:11 Then, is hybrid rice paddy generally better than non-hybrid rice paddy?
20:16 Not yet
20:17 We have done a test that some non-hybrid rice paddy in Indonesia
20:22 The result is the same or better than hybrid rice paddy
20:26 So it doesn't have to be like that
20:27 Actually, in the concept of planting restoration, non-hybrid rice paddy, it's called in-brida
20:32 It is married to get the best and most optimal composition of the can
20:38 The principle of hybrid rice paddy is the same, right?
20:41 Even though it is the same, it is married to be F1
20:45 Even though the benefits for the rice producers cannot be multiplied by the farmers
20:50 That's the advantage of hybrid rice production, right?
20:53 So, the farmers are constantly dependent on buying hybrid rice paddy
20:57 So, from that side, and you have to remember that Indonesia is number 3 in Asia in terms of productivity
21:04 Okay
21:05 We also did the same thing for productivity improvement
21:09 When this food BUMN was asked to be involved in the food estate project
21:12 We accompanied the food BUMN
21:14 Then I suggested not to enter the food estate project first
21:19 We did an intensification test
21:22 In the SHS, how wide is the land we try?
21:25 1000 hectares, can be imagined
21:27 In Sangyangshri, PT Sangyangshri
21:30 How much is the increase in production? 30%
21:33 In other words, there is still a potential to increase our production
21:37 Without having to help from outside
21:41 As long as the government wants to listen
21:44 Want to sit together with Indonesian researchers
21:46 Listen to them
21:48 Because for the time being, the government is very stuck with the food estate
21:53 Although I have said it several times
21:56 It will lead to failure, failure and failure again
21:59 And how many failures have been 25 years
22:01 And it wants to be repeated again
22:02 And now it is very likely to work with China to direct it to the food estate again
22:07 The concept of food estate will be implemented
22:09 So that's it
22:10 Okay, so what strategy?
22:12 Maybe what steps if you say
22:15 Involvement from researchers or experts
22:21 Agriculture in Indonesia
22:22 Development of paddy fields
22:25 For example, more likely to compare with other parties
22:27 How to transport technology
22:29 Transfer knowledge there, Prof?
22:33 Yes, I think the transfer of knowledge is just right
22:36 And we have to push for the transfer of knowledge
22:40 For the future, with the help of China
22:44 Developing special Indonesian paddy fields
22:46 Which is suitable for tropical areas
22:49 It's just right and good, of course
22:52 But if we look in a wider perspective
22:55 Like agricultural development in Indonesia is already certain
22:59 As I said earlier, there is a significant decrease in the area of paddy fields
23:05 And it's best if it can be replaced by extensification
23:10 But the steps taken by the government for extensification is food estate
23:15 And many people don't understand what food estate is
23:19 Food estate is a large-scale land management
23:23 By individuals or individuals or business entities
23:28 Now if it's related to business entities
23:30 There is no business entity to do charity
23:33 For that reason, there is no business entity involved in food estate
23:36 There was a medical school in Merauke, but eventually it was also evacuated
23:40 Because of charity
23:41 For that reason, our government's suggestion
23:43 Back to the program that was
23:47 Development of agricultural development based on small farmers
23:51 Transmigration with transmigration patterns
23:54 For example, Central Kalimantan land, which is currently 1 million hectares of unclear paddy fields
23:59 Then choose certain lands, certain locations
24:04 Which is suitable for the four pillars that I often mention
24:07 Four pillars of large-scale agricultural development
24:09 Which is suitable there, no need to be extensive
24:12 Maybe only a few thousand hectares at a few points
24:16 Then there are already certain farmers built
24:18 Then my suggestion, every farmhouse gets 10 hectares
24:22 The 5 hectares for the farm, 5 hectares for the food plant
24:26 Because the farm must be important
24:29 So that's it, and it has been supported by the entire government
24:32 The final result is expected
24:35 At the location of the small points
24:38 Become the turning point that then develops
24:40 Become new economic centers there
24:44 So that the farmers will control the lands around them
24:48 Not through a program that is called big dream
24:52 1 million hectares, that's it
24:55 Big dreams that will result in failure for the last 25 years
25:01 There are so many examples
25:03 So what can be a sweetener?
25:07 What can be an attractive force for the community
25:10 Then entrepreneurs also join together to develop our agricultural sector again
25:13 Without relying on other parties, for example
25:16 Because this is more to chase the target of the environment
25:19 You said it was still not used optimally
25:23 Yes, all businesses are ultimately for profit
25:31 All businesses, how to make profit from business
25:35 Remember, for 2 years, 2021-2022
25:41 Food plant MTP, especially for food plants, most of the parties
25:46 That's only 98.5, under 100, what does it mean?
25:51 A bunch of rice paddy farmers for what, for a loss?
25:55 Then the issue of import is so big
25:59 So that's it, only in 2023 after we experienced such conditions
26:04 The price of rice rose relatively high, then the farmers were lucky
26:10 In February this year, 2024, the food plant MTP was 120, mas
26:17 So that the farmers started in 2023, this is a farming spirit
26:21 If we sell to our farmers, if the price is good, Mr. Andreas
26:25 Or do you want me to plant rice?
26:29 Okay, yes yes yes
26:30 In other words, when the government is able to guarantee a good price in the agricultural sector
26:36 No need for strange programs, the farmers will try by themselves
26:40 To develop their land, to improve their technology
26:44 So technology doesn't have to be forced, as long as the farmer's life is more prosperous
26:49 The price of buying and selling at a good level of the agricultural business
26:53 The farmers will adopt all that technology, hybrid will be adopted too
26:58 Hybrid that costs Rp 150,000 per acre will be sold
27:01 That's right
27:02 So the main key that the government never paid attention to
27:08 Is the welfare of the farmers, is the price of agriculture in the agricultural sector
27:13 That's just a discourse, just a jargon that has been conveyed by the government
27:17 Okay, the point is
27:20 The point is to make the farmers prosperous first
27:23 So that they are interested there, because there is also a life there
27:27 A family that must be taken care of too, so it does need
27:30 Not a small amount of money, so it is expected that the farmers
27:33 Of course, like we work, there are also benefits that they can reap there
27:38 Okay, Prof. Dwi, thank you very much for your time and sharing
27:42 Congratulations on continuing your activities again, greetings, Prof
27:45 Greetings to you too, Mr. Prahas and other participants, thank you
27:49 [Music]
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