00:00Look at these monsters, the biggest and strongest in the world.
00:04These are, without a doubt, RTI-96C turbocharged engines manufactured by the Finnish company Wärtsilä.
00:12Such engines are installed on tankers and container ships, giant sea vessels.
00:17The diameter of each cylinder is 0.96 meters, and the piston stroke is about 2.5 meters.
00:25The displacement is 1,820 liters, which results in 7,780 horsepower.
00:33The record-breaking version is the 14-cylinder RTI-96C.
00:38The total weight of this monster is 2,300 tons, with the crankshaft alone weighing just over 300 tons.
00:46The engine is 26.7 meters long and 13.2 meters high.
00:53The maximum power is 108,920 horsepower at 102 revolutions per minute.
01:01At the same time, the engine is very efficient.
01:0450% of the energy obtained from fuel combustion is converted into motion.
01:08If you compare it to car and aircraft engines, their efficiency is only 25 to 30%.
01:15These engines are what you call low revving, only 100 revolutions per minute.
01:20This is done so that the engine can successfully complete the gas exchange process.
01:25This slows the piston and boosts efficiency.
01:28But even with the most efficient and economical setup, a 14-cylinder engine burns 7,500 liters of fuel oil
01:36per hour.
01:37And there's also such a monster, an insane tractor, with almost 4,000 horsepower, for just over $13 million.
01:46That's the exact amount the designer received at auction.
01:52Mike Harrow spent 7 years and $7 million assembling the TorTrak truck.
01:58Usually, the 12 V71 engine is equipped with only two turbochargers, but the TOR has an additional 8 superchargers, making
02:08a total of 12 on the two engines.
02:10To fit the engines, the front part of the Peterbilt was extended.
02:15The resulting power of 3,424 horsepower, at 2,500 revolutions per minute, goes through an Allison NHT 740 transmission,
02:25with a locking differential on the rear axle.
02:28When designing the TOR, the suspension had to be redesigned because the standard one from the original Peterbilt truck couldn't
02:35handle it.
02:35So Mike Harrow replaced it with a suspension from a Van Hul tour bus.
02:40The TOR is 13.5 meters long and weighs a colossal 14,500 kilograms.
02:47His truck can't cross certain bridges.
02:51It was designed mainly for shows, demonstrations, and extreme drag strips, not transportation.
02:58Four 3.5-meter parachutes are built to stop the monster.
03:02There are a lot of bold claims surrounding the TOR, like it's the most powerful truck ever built.
03:08It's hard to say for sure, but what is certain is that it's one of the brightest and most attention
03:14-grabbing trucks out there.
03:16Of course, the biggest, the huge, and the most powerful.
03:20That's cool, but if you look at the other side, you can see mechanisms that are just as impressive.
03:26How about an engine that can fit entirely on a coin?
03:29Yes, a working diesel engine.
03:33The main genius behind these mechanisms is inventor Ronald Valentin, an engineering prodigy who studied in Germany and started making
03:41the smallest internal combustion engines in the world.
03:44Ronald's life goal is to prove to everyone that, despite his engines being very small, they work.
03:51And all of Valentin's engines are assembled entirely by hand.
03:56Not a single part was made on a computer numerical control machine.
03:59These are high-quality little diesel beasts.
04:02The smallest of them is the Nano-B diesel engine, measuring 22 mb8 in length,
04:08with a piston diameter of 2 mb, a stroke of 3 mb, and an engine displacement of 0.006 cm3.
04:16See them.
04:17Nano-B features 3 mm intake and exhaust diameters and weighs 3 grams.
04:24Nevertheless, the engine spins a 32 mm propeller up to 12,800 revolutions per minute.
04:32Chris Valentin built the Nano-B using aluminum and steel rod,
04:35achieving manufacturing tolerances of 1 over 10,000 cm3.
04:40Isn't this pure engineering art?
04:43Very small, but actually working?
04:46There are various models presented, with 3 or 2 cylinders, 2-stroke and 4-stroke, equipped with other interesting features.
04:54And since we're talking about cylinders, let's count how and where they're added.
04:59How many cylinders are there in internal combustion engines in general?
05:03Let's take a look at some interesting, well-known and lesser-known engines that can have anywhere from 1 to
05:0964 cylinders.
05:11We'll go in order, stopping at the most unusual examples.
05:15So, one cylinder is, of course, for motorcycles and small mini-tractors.
05:20Two cylinders are mostly used in motorcycles, where they're quite common.
05:25Three cylinders.
05:26Here we start discussing cars, like the Citroën C4L, with a 1.2-liter turbo engine.
05:33Many people use 3-cylinder engines in their cars.
05:364-cylinders need no explanation.
05:39Inline 4s are our mainstay.
05:425-cylinder engines were used by Volkswagen and Audi.
05:45And, for example, here's the Volvo T5 engine 6-cylinders, the classic V6 from BMW.
05:52And, in recent years, the 6-cylinder often replaces the V8.
05:56On many models from various manufacturers, there's a focus on saving.
06:007-cylinders usually come with an odd number of cylinders.
06:04Aviation engines, which doesn't prevent them from being used on motorcycles as well, for example.
06:098-cylinders are also a very common engine in automotive engineering.
06:149-cylinders.
06:15Here, it's definitely aviation.
06:17But there are also 10-cylinder engines.
06:20The Audi R8 can boast such an engine.
06:2411-cylinders.
06:25There's even such a rare engine from 12-cylinders.
06:30These used to be found on trucks.
06:32But today, their popularity is declining in favor of environmental standards.
06:3714-cylinders is already serious.
06:40Such engines can be found, for example, on marine container ships.
06:44The Wurtsilla engine has 14 cylinders and 108,920 horsepower.
06:5016 cylinders.
06:52Here, as they say, it's rare, expensive, and luxurious.
06:55The Bugatti Veyron features a 16-cylinder, 8-liter engine with more than 1,000 horsepower.
07:03This engine is the most powerful and complex among all production cars.
07:07It has 64 valves and 4 turbochargers.
07:11Before this, the automotive industry had seen nothing similar.
07:14Yet, earlier, another supercar, CZeta, was made in limited numbers.
07:20Also featuring a 560-horsepower V16 engine.
07:25Finding this car now is harder than finding an honest official.
07:29The number of cars produced is kept secret.
07:3318-cylinders.
07:34Again, Bugatti.
07:36But with an even more expensive and faster V18 engine,
07:39which was installed in 1998 on a Bugatti,
07:42never went into production.
07:44But no one really expected that.
07:4620-cylinders.
07:48The era of monsters.
07:50The 20-cylinder Detroit diesel with a power output of 1,050 horsepower.
07:55Engines of this series are installed on diesel generators,
07:59drilling rigs, construction equipment, and other monsters.
08:0324 cylinders.
08:05The Ellison company also developed the X4520 aircraft engine,
08:09which had a 74-liter displacement and produced 1,200 horsepower.
08:14For the 1930s, this was one of the largest and most powerful aircraft engines.
08:20It was intended for a very large single-engine bomber biplane.
08:25But by the time of testing,
08:26there was a shift from using large single-engine aircraft to multi-engine ones,
08:30which left the X4520 without use in addition to the technical problems that arose during testing.
08:3828 cylinders.
08:40In 1944, the Pratt-Whitney R4 360 aircraft engine was developed in the United States.
08:47It had a diameter of 1.4 meters.
08:50It was nearly 2.5 meters long and weighed 1,760 kilograms heavier than some early World War II fighters.
08:58But with a displacement of about 71 liters, the engine produced up to 4,200 horsepower.
09:05The monstrous engine, which got the nickname Corncob because of its appearance, was produced.
09:11Until 1955, this engine was installed on several well-known aircraft,
09:16the passenger Boeing 377, the B-36, and B-50 bombers, as well as the C-97 transport.
09:24The 30-cylinder Chrysler tank engine, surprisingly, had a rather modest power output of 445 horsepower
09:32and was created by combining five six-cylinder engines.
09:36Considering the section arrangement, the multibank, as it was called,
09:40was a relatively short but heavy engine, weighing 1,379 kilograms,
09:46including the radiator, cooling fan, and clutch.
09:49The engine had five carburetors and distributors and 32 cylinders.
09:55They skillfully merged two V-16s to make a 32-cylinder H-type engine.
10:01The turbocharged engine has 5,900 horsepower, 56 cylinders.
10:07The powerful diesel engine M-504 has 5,000 horsepower, and finally, 64 cylinders.
10:15Again, Pratt-Whitney, which is built on an 8x8 scheme from eight-cylinder engines.
10:22The power of this giant engine is 7,000 horsepower.
10:26Engines like these became the pinnacle of piston engine development in aviation.
10:31And even with the advent of the jet era,
10:33they could still compete on equal terms with early models of jet engines for quite some time.
10:38After all, those had many drawbacks.
10:40Low thrust, high weight, short lifespan, huge fuel consumption,
10:45and insufficient acceleration dynamics at speeds below 600 kilometers per hour.
10:50On this note, let's wrap up our brief overview.
10:54Write in the comments which engine impressed you the most.
10:57Thanks for watching.
10:58See you in our next episodes.
11:00See you in the next episode.
11:04See you in the next episode.
11:05See you in the next episode.
11:10See you in the next episode.
11:11See you in the next episode.
11:11See you in the next episode.
11:12See you in the next episode.
11:12See you in the next episode.
Comments