00:00A few months after the incredible success of Apollo 11, you know,
00:05all this story of a small step for the man, a big step for humanity,
00:09NASA has sent another mission on the Moon.
00:12But things turned out rather dangerous during the launch of Apollo 12,
00:16which took place in November 1969.
00:20Always held by the triumph of the first Alunissage,
00:23the NASA decided to rebuild the limits of the lunar exploration with the Apollo 12,
00:28expected to hit the ocean of the clouds,
00:31the most big cobwebs observable on the Moon.
00:34For the first Alunissage, we had opted for the mer of tranquility,
00:38because it's a relatively flat and uniform.
00:41This time, the goal was to make the space atterrir the spacecraft with even more precision.
00:46The commander, Pete Conrad, and the pilot of the landing module, Albin,
00:52had to pass even more time on the surface of the Moon with two excursions prevues.
00:56It would have even been possible to transmit the first images of the Moon to our televiseers.
01:01The 14th of November, the crew landed on board the supposed spacecraft Saturn V in Florida,
01:07while the flight director took place at the center of control of the mission of Houston.
01:12It was the first time that they led a mission,
01:14and they were not yet prepared for dramatic events that soon happened.
01:18The plane was soon happening.
01:21The plane was soon happening.
01:22The launch of the landing site was produced some waves,
01:24so that the ground was a little bit tremped and the sky was nuageous.
01:28At 11 hours 22 minutes, the huge black fuselage started to get out of the platform and
01:34to get into the sky. Conrad and his team were very excited, but only 36 seconds after
01:40the departure, something badly turned out. There was a light light and the current
01:45of the fuselage was brutally cut. It was completely terrifying and all the alarms began
01:51to burst. The crew of Apollo 12 was surprised. They had no idea what was going on. But after
02:01some investigations, they discovered that the fuselage had been hit not only one, but
02:06twice by the powder. The good news, it was that the concept of the fuselage allowed
02:11to continue his mission despite this time. Even if it seemed to be in a critical situation,
02:17the driver's guide Saturn V was completely operational and was able to maintain the
02:24fuselage on the good cap. They were quickly entered into orbit and were sent in route
02:29towards the Lune. Four days later, Conrad and Bean did a perfect landing
02:33at a few meters of their target, the survey surveyors 3. Conrad was so excited at the idea
02:39of exploring the lunar surface that he could not expect to go out. All the NASA team
02:44behind this mission was afraid that the public had lost all interest for the program after Apollo 11.
02:49But they had a plan. The first transmission televisive, in color, of the surface
02:55lunar. Two companies had been charged to broadcast the mission in direct. At the time, it was important,
03:01because two big channels joined the effort meant that they could reach millions of people.
03:06However, even if the NASA was focused on the television as a way to communicate with the public,
03:11the astronauts had not really been trained to use a camera. When Conrad descended the
03:17ceiling to reach the surface, he had to open a compartment of storage to extraire the television camera.
03:24The images were a little weird and they only showed up his legs, but it was still not anodine.
03:32At the end of a moment, Bean appeared next to his team, and they both took a moment to
03:37enter into this insane landscape. Bean wanted to ensure that everyone on Earth could participate.
03:44So he caught the camera and tried to install it on his foot. But oops, he accidentally pointed
03:50towards the sun and the majority of the screen was assombring, except for a white shadow,
03:56very luminous in the top. The fault has no chance. I suppose that the astronauts and the
04:09television channels had a B plan. They went to a studio where two actors dressed in astronautes
04:17have played the scene with a sensitive realism. On all of the same broadcasted the real
04:21voice of astronauts, so that the public could hear everything that was said. The story of Apollo 12
04:28has not been achieved once the astronauts have conquered the Earth in all security.
04:33In September 2002, a strange space object was noticed by the astronauts.
04:38It orbitait around our planet in a habit of habitually. What they ignored,
04:43was that the mysterious object was linked to the mission Apollo 12.
04:47The scientists first believed that it was an asteroid. They were surprised by this discovery,
04:52because they thought that the moon was the only natural object in orbit around the Earth.
04:57But this object was all except a asteroid. It was actually made by the man.
05:02It's obvious that it was the spacecraft launch of Apollo 12, which had propelled the astronauts
05:06on the Moon. She left the Earth in 1969 to return 30 years later. What do you think
05:12that it happened during all this time? Baptized Saturno Scientific, the spacecraft had three
05:19stages, each one remplissant a specific function to bring the astronauts on the Moon. The first
05:25stage brûlait pendant deux minutes et demie, les élevant à 67 km au-dessus de la surface terrestre.
05:31Le deuxième étage prenait ensuite le relais pendant six minutes, les propulsant toujours plus vite et
05:36plus haut. Enfin, le troisième étage fournissait une brève combustion permettant de placer le vaisseau
05:41spatial en orbite. Une fois cela accompli, il enclenchait une nouvelle combustion pour envoyer la fusée et son
05:47équipage vers la Lune. Après quoi, ce troisième étage était censé être largué en toute sécurité. Du moins, c'est
05:54ce que tout le monde
05:54escomptait. Cependant, lors de la mission Apollo 12, les choses ne se sont pas tout à fait déroulées comme
06:00prévu au moment du largage. Pour se débarrasser du troisième étage d'Apollo 12, la NASA a dû le
06:05programmer pour qu'ils suivent une trajectoire spécifique afin de rencontrer la Lune. Mais leurs
06:10calculs initiaux auraient dirigé le troisième étage de la fusée du mauvais côté. Ils ont donc dû ajuster son
06:16angle et sa vitesse. Heureusement, le troisième étage disposait de petits propulseurs pour l'aider à se
06:21retourner. Bien que les spécialistes aient dû ajuster leur plan, cela n'a pas gaspillé trop
06:25d'énergie puisqu'ils s'y sont pris assez tôt. Quand est venu le moment de laisser partir cette troisième
06:30partie de la fusée, l'équipage atteignait déjà une vitesse record. Pour s'assurer que cette section
06:35termine au bon endroit, ils ont juste eu à la ralentir un peu. Facile, pourrait-on se dire. Pourtant,
06:42une fois de plus, les choses ne se sont pas exactement passées comme prévu. En réalité, le système de suivi
06:48de la
06:48NASA a connu quelques avaries lorsqu'ils ont lancé cette fusée. Il se trouve que le système était
06:53déréglé, ce qui les a amenés à ralentir excessivement l'engin d'environ 40 km à l'heure. Cette petite
06:59erreur a fini par affecter sa trajectoire initiale. À un moment donné, elle a fini par atteindre le
07:04point de Lagrange L1, qui est un point donné dans l'espace où les forces gravitationnelles de la
07:09Terre et du Soleil s'équilibrent. Le plan pour cette troisième partie de la fusée était de l'envoyer sur
07:16une trajectoire par-delà notre planète et de la laisser orbiter autour du Soleil. Ça aurait été
07:22notre pari le plus sûr, garantissant qu'elle n'affecterait pas les futures missions vers la
07:26Lune en percutant accidentellement d'autres engins spatiaux. Mais en raison d'erreur de calcul,
07:32ce moteur malchanceux a tout de même fini par voyager autour du Soleil, mais selon un motif improbable,
07:39à l'intérieur de l'orbite même de la Terre autour de son étoile. Il a fallu plus de 30
07:44ans pour que
07:44cet objet inhabituel soit ramené dans l'orbite de notre planète en la croisant à nouveau au point
07:50de Lagrange L1. Une fois ce point atteint, il a commencé à tourner autour de la Terre en suivant
07:56une trajectoire très inhabituelle. Pour finalement identifier la fusée, les scientifiques ont effectué
08:01une spectroscopie. Cette technique leur a permis d'identifier le type de matériau contenu dans
08:06l'objet. En bref, ils ont été capables de déterminer la composition de la fusée en étudiant la façon
08:12dont elle réfléchissait la lumière. Et il ne leur a pas fallu longtemps avant de réaliser
08:17que ce qu'ils observaient était un type spécifique de peinture blanche utilisée pour recouvrir
08:22les fusées de la NASA.
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