00:00I was there at Trump's very first summit in May 17, when he arrived and he was fairly rude to
00:07almost everybody and was threatening, if you remember, to withdraw troops from Europe.
00:11Actually, if you look at the four years of his first term, he didn't do that.
00:15He actually increased the number of U.S. troops in Europe.
00:17And he then made a very good speech in Warsaw that summer, recommitting to the principle of Article 5.
00:24So, you know, there's a certain amount of bluster going on here.
00:27But beneath it all, you know, the Russian threat has grown.
00:30And I think the major economies in Europe are now really stepping up and spending more.
00:37There is a more interesting discussion, which partly bears on what's just been said, as to, you know, are we
00:44going to go on buying American weaponry?
00:46What are we doing about the capabilities that we don't have?
00:49The heavy lift, the air-to-air refueling, the sophisticated missile defense and so on.
00:55What are we going to do about that?
00:57And what is interesting, I think, about the defense finance bit of the summit, and you're beginning now to see
01:04announcements by some members of NATO of collaborative programs that they are going to work together.
01:10Britain is joining in a precision strike program with France and Italy and Denmark, for example.
01:17And I think we're going to see more of that.
01:19That doesn't mean we don't want the Americans to help.
01:22Of course we do.
01:23But it does help, I think, show the Americans that we do accept the challenge.
01:28This is our continent.
01:29And we've got to defend it.
