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00:19Today on Passate Presente we will talk about December 1976,
00:26when Italy won the Davis Cup tennis championship.
00:32Has Passate Presente become a sports reenactment show?
00:37No, no, don't worry.
00:39The truth is that that was an event that is fully written in the history books,
00:45because our opponent in that decisive tennis match,
00:51Italy's, Panatta's and the team's opponent was Augusto Pinochet's Chile.
00:58And the match was played in the stadium next to where they had been held three years earlier.
01:05the prisoners of Augusto Pinochet's coup.
01:09This caused a huge global earthquake, especially obviously in Italy,
01:17with all those who did not want us to take part in that match
01:20so as not to give satisfaction to the tyrant.
01:24In the end, those who wanted to fight that match won.
01:28and as we will see, perhaps they were right.
01:36This is what we are talking about today with Professor Ermanno Taviani
01:41and with our three historians of the future, Stefano Palermo, Carolina Germini and Francesca Fanelli.
01:49Professor, I take the liberty of starting with them.
01:52Now I'm going to tell you half of a slogan and you have to complete it.
01:56Pueblo Unido is Jewish, because you studied it.
02:02What was it?
02:04It was a slogan that was the end of concerts of a famous group.
02:10The action of the Intillimani.
02:11Because you studied it.
02:13Just think, 40 years ago all your peers knew the slogan by heart,
02:19the words of this song.
02:22But you know them because you studied them recently.
02:26or did you know them anyway?
02:29When I went on Erasmus in Paris, I happened to meet South Americans who sang it often.
02:36Do they still sing it?
02:37Yes.
02:37Both the slogan and the songs of Intillimani.
02:40But why, professor, did Taviani become famous?
02:44And what does this Davis Cup match have to do with it?
02:48Well, they became famous because, among other things, they were saved because they were touring Europe for concerts.
02:54when there was the coup d'état in 1973 and they were then living in Italy.
03:01So they were successful all over the world, but the Intillimani...
03:04But why was this Chilean story so exciting, so important, as it had been in the 30s?
03:14the Spanish Civil War and why was that match so important in importance?
03:21Because, in the meantime, at that time there was a whole generation of young people who participated strongly from the left, but also from
03:32right, to world events.
03:34But, above all, Chile created, so to speak, a very strong parallel with the Italian situation.
03:41Because it was a country under American rule where a left-wing majority had been overthrown.
03:48We'll see about that later. But why that match?
03:51That match, because it was right or wrong to go and play a match, then in a sports center
03:59which was next to the stadium where, immediately after the coup, tens of thousands of opponents and anti-fascists had been concentrated.
04:08About guys. Now, starting with the first chapter, I'll show you how the sporting events between Italy and Chile went.
04:17who are in the Davis Cup final. A disputed final.
04:41The Davis Cup is the most important team competition in men's tennis.
04:47Italy reaches the final after defeating Australia, thanks above all to its most representative player,
04:54Adriano Panatta.
04:55It's 1976. For him, it's a magical year.
05:00He won the Rome International and Roland Garros, the most important clay-court tournament.
05:06The Davis Cup final, therefore, seems to be accompanied by the best auspices.
05:11But the other finalist is Chile.
05:18Chile reached the final thanks to the withdrawal of the Soviet Union.
05:23The Russians refused to play the semi-final so as not to legitimize General Pinochet's government,
05:30who had come to power in a coup three years earlier.
05:33A heated debate is arising in Italy, in which political forces are participating,
05:39but also a good part of civil society.
05:42It is mainly left-wing movements and parties that are lining up to boycott the final.
05:51I hope that Italy, Paglietta stated speaking on behalf of the communist leadership,
05:56may he win the Cup of Freedom and International Solidarity,
06:00compared to which it would be a small thing to give up the Davis Cup final.
06:05The originality of the story makes it possible for an act in the sports field to be effective in Chile.
06:10many more than a million protesters in Milan, a demonstration that Pinochet can ignore.
06:15But if the Davis Cup is not played in Santiago,
06:19No one in Chile can ignore that there has been an act of isolation by the government that oppresses the Chilean people.
06:28I'll start again with you.
06:30Tell me bluntly, was it right or wrong to participate in that Davis Cup final?
06:38I don't think so, I think solidarity is more important than a match.
06:42You don't have to participate.
06:43Are you germinating?
06:44For me, we had to participate because it could also become a tool for protest.
06:49Panels?
06:50I am divided because instinctively I say no, we should have boycotted,
06:56but later I also think about the other part that says yes.
07:02Professor, since we lived through those years,
07:05I'll give my opinion too, in my opinion the choice made was the right one,
07:11that is, to participate, and I ask you for yours too.
07:14It's a great thing, we never do it in past and present,
07:17but it is our way of being in the present.
07:19I also thought it was right, both because for the boys who played tennis,
07:26but above all because the reason why things were then unblocked
07:32is that the victory would have had more propaganda impact for Pinochet,
07:37even if at the table, which is not defeat.
07:40Sure, but that's the point, well done, very well done.
07:42She welcomed it, it's like the controversy that had occurred in Germany in 1936,
07:49that is, outside Germany, for the participation of the black athlete Jesse Owens,
07:53who would later win the 100 meters.
07:56Since Jews were beginning to be excluded from those Olympics,
07:59there was a whole protest that he shouldn't even have participated in.
08:02Instead, participating, as she pointed out, for Panatta and company in Chile,
08:11inflicted a much greater humiliation on the dictatorship.
08:17Now I'll show you a video, because we're taking a step back,
08:21on the Chilean coup of September 11, 1973.
08:34Late 1960s.
08:37Population growth and urbanization have profoundly changed Chile.
08:42In the 1970 elections, Salvador Allende,
08:45Marxist leader of the Socialist Party,
08:48obtains a relative majority with 36% of the votes.
08:53November 2nd.
08:55With the support of Christian Democracy,
08:57Allende is elected head of government.
08:59The new president carries out a radical agrarian reform,
09:03nationalizes the copper mines, the country's main resource,
09:07puts major industries under state control
09:09and nationalizes the financial system.
09:13These are measures that are alarming the right wing of the country.
09:16and especially the United States,
09:18concerned about the friendship that Allende shows
09:21towards Cuban leader Fidel Castro.
09:24But despite the president's reforms,
09:27the country is hit by a serious economic crisis.
09:30Wages are skyrocketing,
09:32Chileans struggle to find even basic necessities.
09:37But the final blow for the country's economy
09:39It's the collapse of the price of copper.
09:42Strikes and demonstrations against the president's policies
09:45are recorded throughout Chile.
09:47The popular unity government declares a state of emergency.
09:50Radio programs come under the direct control of the government.
09:55The spectre of civil war looms over the country.
10:09September 11, 1973.
10:13At 8.30 in the morning columns of tanks surround the moneda,
10:17the presidential palace, where Salvador Allende is located.
10:22The armed forces and police of Chile declare
10:27first that the señor president of the republic
10:31must proceed with the immediate shipment of the high cargo
10:35to the armed forces and policemen of Chile.
10:40signed Augusto Pinochet Ugarte, general of the army, commander en chief of the army.
10:47In exchange for surrender, Allende is offered a plane ride
10:51and the safety of himself and his family.
10:54But the president decides to remain barricaded in his office.
10:59The attack begins at 11.30.
11:01The planes bomb the moneda.
11:03Allende takes it off the wall of his studio
11:05the Kalashnikov received as a gift from Fidel Castro
11:09and kills himself as the soldiers enter the building.
11:13General Pinochet announces to the country
11:16the first measures taken by the military junta.
11:19The military junta will maintain the judicial power
11:24and the Contraloria council.
11:28The Chambers
11:32quedarán en reseso
11:34hasta Nueva Orda.
11:37Eso es todo.
11:40Stefano Palermo, when did you study this topic?
11:43didn't any doubt arise?
11:46Yes, in some respects.
11:48This topic also seems quite current to me.
11:52Above all, there is something that doesn't convince me.
11:57it was really so necessary
12:00overthrow Allende so dramatically?
12:05This is a topic we leave to Professor Ottaviani.
12:09It was necessary, they have to do it.
12:13They couldn't wait, let the situation evolve
12:16so as to perhaps have the same effect.
12:19I'm talking about the United States
12:20who are the hidden protagonists of this story.
12:22The same effect but through democracy.
12:25Well, the United States has been trying for a long time
12:28to drop
12:30and support the forces
12:32who in Chile wanted to bring down Allende.
12:34There had been a parliamentary vote
12:36that for a few votes
12:37had not reached two thirds
12:39those necessary to question
12:41Let us remember that Allende was a minority government
12:44it was not a government that had a majority behind it.
12:46Yes, it was a very mixed majority.
12:48since as we saw in the video
12:50took 36%
12:51his coalition
12:53strictly speaking, to elections.
12:56And the situation was getting worse
12:58very high inflation
13:00but I want to say
13:00in those years
13:02and especially in previous years
13:05there were many dictatorial regimes
13:08supported by the United States
13:10of Latin America
13:11that they saw
13:12in certain situations
13:15with note
13:17the strong hand
13:18and with the coups
13:20organized by the military
13:21the main instrument
13:22to keep
13:23that area
13:24that dial in the world
13:26under its own hegemony.
13:28This is very true.
13:29and in my opinion then
13:30the United States
13:31they paid dearly for it
13:32that of considering
13:33the whole of Latin America
13:35like a land
13:36of the election
13:36of the coups
13:37where the issues
13:38they were resolved
13:39Latin America
13:40we mean
13:41British America
13:42but also Central America
13:43and left
13:45a stain
13:45very strong
13:46in the United States
13:47also because
13:49then the repression
13:50it was bestial
13:51I'll show you
13:52a video
13:53precisely on repression.
13:59Having taken power
14:00General Pinochet
14:02declares it illegal
14:03all parties
14:04of opposition
14:05all the dissidents
14:06all prisoners
14:07politicians
14:08they are brought
14:09within
14:10of the National Stadium
14:11placed under custody
14:12and kept under constant surveillance.
14:14It begins
14:15a terrible time
14:16of repression
14:17torture
14:17and murders.
14:19Santiago
14:20in front of the National Stadium
14:22one of the most crowded
14:23prisons of the world
14:24the soldiers
14:24of the Armed Forces
14:25Chilean
14:26they hold back
14:26a desperate multitude
14:28in line
14:29in a wait
14:29painfully useless
14:30young women
14:32elderly parents
14:33they question themselves
14:34on fate
14:34of their husbands
14:35of their children
14:36the military authorities
14:37they simply admit
14:38that the inmates
14:39there are about 4,000
14:43I don't know anything
14:44of my son
14:45from Tuesday
14:46from Tuesday
14:46I don't know anything
14:47he tells us
14:47tears this lady
14:48my son studies
14:50at the technical university
14:51they caught him on Tuesday
14:54at this moment
14:55I have my husband
14:56in the stadium
14:57prisoner
14:57I'm completely alone
14:58it's distressing
14:59we have never seen
15:01many deaths
15:01I'm from the cranca
15:02many died there
15:04this is not right
15:05it was a massacre
15:06I don't care
15:07if they kill me
15:08I feel like I'm homeless
15:11but the number of deaths
15:13and of the missing
15:13it's difficult to calculate
15:16three years after the coup
15:18a RAI correspondent
15:19he goes to Chile
15:20to investigate
15:21on the situation
15:22of the disappeared
15:24there are in this regard
15:26conflicting figures
15:27some speak of 4,000
15:30another 3,000
15:31or 2,000
15:32a certain fact
15:33is that in Santiago alone
15:35have been presented
15:36just under 1,000 reports
15:38to the judicial authority
15:39on the disappearance
15:40of as many people
15:41disappearance
15:42always coming
15:42under circumstances
15:43connected
15:44under siege
15:45decreed in Chile
15:46the day of the coup
15:47it is still in force
15:51Professor Taviani
15:52she explained to us first
15:53why these things happened
15:56but then I bounce them
15:58a second question
15:59always on the bone
16:00of the things he said before
16:01Stefano Palermo
16:02but it was really necessary
16:04proceed with great courage
16:06take them all out
16:07I am still
16:08shocked
16:09from the images
16:10of a distant film
16:11with Jack Lemmon
16:11Missing
16:12I don't know if she remembers it
16:14and so on
16:15what happened
16:17after the shot
16:18because once
16:18took power
16:19it's not that those guys
16:22that were placed
16:22in those containment camps
16:24they could question
16:27the Chilean armed forces
16:28why proceed
16:30with that ferocity
16:32that prolonged ferocity
16:34well maybe because in Chile
16:36unlike other countries
16:37of Latin America
16:38there was a more solid one
16:39democratic tradition
16:41and therefore a civil society
16:42a political mobilization
16:44different from others
16:46banana republics
16:47let's say
16:48as they were called
16:49at that time
16:50especially in Central America
16:51Where
16:52since the end of the nineteenth century
16:54it had been a succession
16:55of coup
16:55and periods
16:57Where
16:57democracies
16:59they had survived
17:00in a very uncertain way
17:01in a world
17:02where from 69
17:04in short, we are
17:04in the satellite era
17:07protest demonstrations
17:08or of dissidence
17:10they would have done exactly that
17:11the tour
17:12of the world's mass media
17:14and made clear
17:15the unpopularity
17:16of those regimes
17:17and then
17:18yes but
17:19the rounds of the world mass media
17:20they did it
17:20all the more so
17:22for those fields
17:23and that repression
17:25that we have seen
17:27I'll show you
17:28Now
17:28maybe they wanted
17:29to show
17:30let's also say
17:32to be able to hold
17:33under control
17:34let's say
17:35the country
17:35Here you are
17:36intimidate
17:37among other things
17:37let's remember it
17:38two victims
17:39one has been said
17:40Victor Hara
17:41the great singer-songwriter
17:43musician
17:44but above all
17:45Pablo Neruda
17:45Nobel Prize
17:46for literature
17:47that disappears
17:49murdered
17:50right in the very first days
17:51of the coup
17:52which was a voice
17:53that could have
17:54there too
17:55make yourself heard
17:56could have
17:57make yourself heard
17:58all over the world
17:59let's open
18:00the chapter
18:01second
18:02and I'll show her
18:04the protests
18:05in Italy
18:06which is precisely the effect
18:07some things
18:08that she just told us
18:09they spread
18:10for years
18:11and years
18:11and years
18:28the facts of Chile
18:30they have great resonance
18:31all over the world
18:32in Italy
18:33there are many
18:34to demonstrate
18:35in support
18:36of the Chilean socialists
18:37and against imperialism
18:38American
18:39the debate
18:40on participation
18:41to the final in Chile
18:42crosses
18:43a shaken country
18:44from social tensions
18:45terrorism
18:46and political scandals
18:48June
18:491976
18:50at the end
18:52of a dramatic
18:53election campaign
18:54the PC
18:55gets the result
18:56most important
18:57of its history
18:59and it is precisely
19:00the hypothesis
19:00of an electoral victory
19:02of the party
19:02by Berlinguer
19:03over the years
19:04of the opposition
19:05between NATO bloc
19:06and Soviet Union
19:07to raise the alarm
19:09Western chancelleries
19:11there are those who have gone so far
19:12to evoke
19:13the spectre
19:13of a solution
19:14Chilean style
19:15for our country
19:16in case
19:17where the communists
19:18had won
19:19the elections
19:28actually
19:29under the guidance
19:30by Enrico Berlinguer
19:31the PC
19:32it started
19:33on the road
19:33of the dialogue
19:34with Christian democracy
19:36dialogue
19:37which will bring
19:38to the hypothesis
19:39of the so-called
19:40historic compromise
19:41but the signal
19:42most important
19:43Berlinguer
19:44he gives it
19:44Speaking of which
19:45of the placement
19:46Atlantic
19:47of Italy
19:47June 15th
19:49of 76
19:50in a historic
19:51interview
19:52to the Corriere della Sera
19:53the secretary
19:54of the Communist Party
19:55he states
19:56I want
19:57that Italy
19:57don't go out
19:58from the Atlantic Pact
19:59and shortly after
20:01I feel more confident
20:02staying here
20:03but the debate
20:04on the opportunity
20:05to play
20:06the final in Chile
20:07causes new tensions
20:08in the rooms
20:09of politics
20:10and in public opinion
20:11the squares
20:12they mobilize
20:13to the cry
20:14of millionaire Panatta
20:15Bloodthirsty Pinochet
20:17the captain
20:18non-player
20:18of the blue team
20:19Nicholas Pietrangeli
20:21it's even
20:22threatened with death
20:23they take to the field
20:24to have your say
20:25artists too
20:26some in favor
20:28to the boycott
20:29others
20:29definitely against
20:52with this ballad by Domenico Modugno
20:55the popular demonstration has ended
20:57called in Rome
20:58from the Italy-Chile association
20:59to protest
21:00against the development
21:01of the tennis match
21:02scheduled in Santiago
21:03for December 27th
21:05I believe
21:06that we will export
21:08Surely
21:09cars
21:12Surely
21:12cinema
21:13film
21:15and we import copper
21:16I know because I have
21:17a friend of mine
21:18who does that job
21:19Now
21:20why exactly panatta
21:22we don't want to export it
21:24Bertolucci
21:25Barazzutti
21:26and my dear friend
21:27Pietrangeli
21:28Carolina Germini
21:30on that occasion
21:31we saw it
21:33Modugno
21:33Tognazia
21:34they also invented
21:36what a panatta
21:37he was a rich man
21:39bourgeois
21:40That
21:41almost fascist
21:42they made slogans
21:44against him
21:45she studied
21:47this story
21:48how were they?
21:49things really
21:50as far as it was concerned
21:51bread
21:52let's say that panatta
21:54what was the slogan
21:57bread
21:57millionaire
21:58Pinochet
21:59bloodthirsty
22:01he was a millionaire
22:02bread
22:03it becomes so
22:04maybe once
22:05who starts playing
22:06but instead
22:07he's coming
22:07let's say disputed
22:09to be of origins
22:10how to say
22:11tall
22:13upper middle class
22:14when instead
22:15because he played
22:16at the Parioli club
22:18in Rome
22:18but instead he was a son
22:20of the custodian
22:20what's at the Parioli club
22:22why the Parioli
22:24I have always been
22:25considered a neighborhood
22:26of rich people
22:27of the upper middle class
22:28instead him?
22:30no, instead he
22:31it was played at the Parioli club
22:32but how
22:33as the caretaker's son
22:34professor
22:35I ask you a question
22:36saw that video
22:37it doesn't seem like it
22:38that there were
22:39some exaggerations
22:41in the way
22:42of simplifications
22:43in the way
22:45to do
22:45that campaign
22:47to whom
22:47all those
22:48who were of age
22:49myself included
22:50they joined together
22:51Surely
22:53then among other things
22:54the initiative
22:54that we saw
22:55with intellectuals
22:57there aside
22:58it was a peaceful initiative
23:01there was also
23:01the occupation
23:02of the federation
23:03Italian
23:04tennis
23:05the destruction
23:06of materials
23:07in there
23:08guided by the way
23:09from a parliamentarian
23:10of the group
23:12of proletarian democracy
23:13the Iseo Milani
23:14Well yes
23:15Surely
23:16let's say
23:17but you have to think
23:18like in those three years
23:20Chile
23:21it was Italy
23:22for many people
23:23and then
23:24what was happening there
23:26it was heard
23:27like something
23:28what could have happened
23:29in Italy
23:30and with whom they saw each other
23:31a thousand parallels
23:32then among other things
23:33in those three years
23:34also in Italy
23:35rumors of shots
23:36of State
23:36of threats
23:37but do you know why?
23:39Chile
23:40it was Italy
23:41this thing
23:42that she rightly
23:43he repeated
23:43Why
23:44both in Chile
23:45that in Italy
23:46the strongest party
23:47it was Christian democracy
23:48both in Chile
23:50that in Italy
23:50the left
23:53they could
23:53hope
23:54to go
23:55to the government
23:56or in shape
23:58minority
23:59as we said
23:59who went to Chile
24:00or
24:01and this was it
24:02the thing
24:02by Berlinguer
24:03associating
24:04Christian democracy
24:06to your own project
24:07in her opinion
24:08when he took care of it
24:10the magazine
24:11I'm not saying at the moment
24:12I don't want to know
24:13also because
24:13she was a child
24:15but
24:16When
24:17he re-studied
24:18in her opinion
24:19Berlinguer was right
24:20on that occasion
24:21on the historic compromise
24:24Yes
24:24actually there
24:25first of all
24:26a big short circuit is created
24:27with the elections of 76
24:29what the video was about
24:30Meaning what
24:31many voted
24:33Communist Party
24:34against the ADC
24:35and for an alternative
24:37to Christian democracy
24:38and instead
24:39Berlinguer's proposal
24:41era of alliance
24:42with Christian democracy
24:43from which
24:44many contortions
24:46and disputes
24:47in three years
24:48Then
24:48in which
24:48the Communist Party
24:50somehow
24:51was in the majority
24:52Meaning what
24:52from 76
24:53at 79
24:54and let's see now
24:56the decisive chapter
24:58the third and last
24:59the situation
25:01it unlocks
25:02Italy
25:03will play
25:04the final
25:04in Santiago, Chile
25:23the Italian tennis federation
25:25asks for the opinion of CONI
25:26on participation
25:27at the Davis Cup final
25:28and the CONI
25:29it addresses directly
25:31to the government
25:31chaired by Giulio Andreotti
25:33but not even the prime minister
25:34if he feels like deciding
25:36in the end
25:37a twist
25:38the secretary
25:39of the Communist Party
25:41Enrico Berlinguer
25:42receives a letter
25:43from the representatives
25:44in hiding
25:45of the Communist Party
25:46Chilean
25:47it's an invitation
25:48it's an invitation
25:48it's an invitation to Italians
25:49to participate
25:50so as not to leave
25:51the trophy
25:51to Pinochet
25:52the situation
25:53it unlocks
25:54the government
25:55he gets better
25:56to the federation
25:56that in a climate
25:58of strong tension
25:59decides to leave
26:00to deal with
26:01the Chileans
26:01on the tennis court
26:02from Santiago de Chile
26:05Italian tennis players
26:06and Chileans
26:07they will face each other
26:07in a field
26:08which arises
26:09in the same complex
26:10of sports facilities
26:11where in recent months
26:12of 1973
26:14sport
26:15had in Chile
26:16his first
26:16and dramatic
26:17encounter
26:18with the tragedy
26:19politics
26:20and human
26:21of this country
26:22this is the field
26:24where it will be decided
26:24the assignment
26:25of the Davis Cup
26:28and this other one instead
26:29it's the national stadium
26:30where the strength
26:31of weapons
26:32imposed on a people
26:33of 10 million people
26:34a decision
26:36of a very different kind
26:36Here you are
26:37all this
26:38wait
26:39all these controversies
26:41for this trip
26:42how much will it affect
26:43on the team
26:44under the aspect
26:45technician
26:45of performance?
26:46you know
26:46the only danger
26:48if we want
26:49And
26:50not to fall
26:52let's say
26:53in a trap
26:54which could be
26:55psychological
26:56we should definitely
26:57but do
26:58all together
26:59pros and cons
27:00pay close attention
27:02for next year
27:03for years to come
27:04because it is necessary
27:04these things
27:05take them at the start
27:06and don't start
27:08to create controversy
27:08when we are
27:09arrived at the end
27:11In my opinion
27:12us now
27:12we talked
27:13by Panatta
27:14of the players
27:15but in my opinion
27:16the real character
27:18that is
27:19a little in the shade
27:20It's Nicola Pietrangeli
27:21the things he said
27:23I am
27:23from person
27:24who reflected
27:26not from
27:28player
27:28of tennis
27:29at rest
27:29who trains
27:30the younger ones
27:32what do you think about it?
27:32Pietrangeli
27:34besides having been
27:35the greatest champion
27:37before Panatta
27:38of tennis
27:40Italian
27:40but
27:41of sport
27:41one of the champions
27:42of Italian sport
27:44he fights for a lion
27:46to go
27:48in Santiago
27:49understanding that it was
27:51Perhaps
27:52an opportunity
27:53unrepeatable
27:54to be able to
27:55to put hands on
27:55on the cup
27:56Why
27:56the United States
27:57they had not put in the field
27:58a competitive team
28:00Why
28:02precisely
28:04the English
28:05not even
28:07they had beaten
28:08Australia
28:09which was a team
28:09Force
28:09but in him
28:10I also see
28:11a sensitivity
28:12of a political nature
28:14in the sense that he says
28:15Boys
28:16in this interview
28:17by Galeazzo
28:18important
28:19let's be careful
28:20because that
28:21that we decide
28:22this time
28:22Then
28:24will condition
28:25our way
28:26to decide
28:27even in the vaults
28:27future
28:28we were arguing before
28:30with them
28:30that these
28:32questions
28:33they pose themselves
28:33an infinity
28:34of times
28:35because an infinity
28:35of times
28:36we're going
28:36to play
28:37not only
28:39at tennis
28:39in countries
28:40where they happened
28:41some atrocious things
28:42and then
28:43you can't do it
28:44it was thin
28:45mischievous
28:46the thing
28:46that he said
28:47Pietrangio
28:48you can't do it
28:49wake up
28:49Alone
28:50when ours
28:51it's a sensitivity
28:53particular
28:54Why
28:55we join
28:56for the reasons
28:57that she said
28:57Before
28:58and then
28:58the other times
28:59turn a blind eye
29:00Indeed
29:01the position
29:02Pilates
29:03of the government
29:04Italian
29:04it will happen again
29:06in the eighties
29:07When
29:08after the invasion
29:11of Afghanistan
29:13the United States
29:14they decided
29:15not to go
29:15at the Olympia
29:16from Los Angeles
29:17and instead
29:18from Moscow
29:20Excuse me
29:21and Italy
29:23instead he decided
29:24under the flag
29:25of CONI
29:26to participate
29:26moreover
29:27then two years later
29:28the Italian national team
29:30of football
29:30go and play
29:31also a great world championship
29:32in Buenos Aires
29:33again
29:35without details
29:37protests
29:38in the squares
29:39the climate
29:39it had also changed
29:40because of this
29:41it seems to me
29:42to have to
29:43underline
29:44things
29:44who said
29:45Pietrangeli
29:46as a note
29:48of a sensitivity
29:49in addition
29:49the professor
29:51I'm interrupting you
29:51why we arrived
29:53finally
29:53to the great
29:54match
29:54let's see it
30:02December 17th
30:03Santiago, Chile
30:04in the tennis stadium
30:06a few meters away
30:07from the national one
30:08Italy goes down
30:09on the field
30:10against Chile
30:11Barazzucchi and Panatta
30:12they win
30:13the first two singulars
30:14the double
30:16can give to the Azzurri
30:17the decisive point
30:18to conquer
30:19the cup
30:19in the morning
30:20of December 18th
30:21during the warm-up
30:23Adriano Panatta
30:24he makes a proposal
30:25to his companion
30:26of double
30:27Paolo Bertolucci
30:28Saturday morning
30:29I was
30:30I was in the locker room
30:31with Paolo Bertolucci
30:32who was my partner
30:34and told him
30:35Paul
30:35there is the red shirt
30:36because we played
30:37with a brand
30:38of t-shirts
30:39that we had
30:39the white t-shirts
30:40blue
30:41greens
30:41red
30:42he told me
30:43yes yes
30:43I have it
30:43Look
30:44today we play
30:45with a red t-shirt
30:48Paul
30:48who was a moderate
30:50marvelous
30:51a moderate
30:52marvelous
30:54he said
30:55ninth
30:55he's acting crazy
30:56as usual
30:57here it remains for us
30:57there is no one left for us
30:58why is there anything left for us?
30:59as it seems to me
31:00it was a protest
31:01against that
31:02what had happened
31:03and above all
31:03it was the color
31:05of women
31:07Chilean
31:07that were going
31:08in the square
31:09with a red handkerchief
31:10to protest
31:11logically
31:12why the disappearance
31:13of husbands
31:14of the children
31:15of the brothers
31:15In short
31:16Why
31:16there have been
31:17many missing
31:44returning to Italy
31:47it's panatta
31:48to act as spokesperson
31:49of the team
31:50as an athlete
31:51I felt like
31:53to play
31:53I played
31:54and strongly
31:55I also played well
31:55as a citizen
31:57everyone has their own ideas
31:58for which
31:58he keeps them to himself
31:59or you can also say
32:00for which
32:01slightly
32:02as a citizen
32:02I felt like
32:03a little in difficulty
32:05even enough
32:07after a few days
32:08the blue team
32:09it is received
32:10from the president
32:11of the council
32:11Giulio Andreotti
32:12despite everything
32:13but
32:14the blues
32:14they are not welcomed
32:16in a triumphant manner
32:17the press
32:18it doesn't give much prominence
32:19to the sporting enterprise
32:20and no one
32:22tells
32:22red shirts
32:23of the Italians
32:24that instead
32:25they had caused
32:27the formal protest
32:28of the Chilean government
32:34then there was also blush
32:35a documentary film
32:37on these red shirts
32:41I would pay
32:43who knows how much
32:44to have a video
32:45original
32:46red shirts
32:47and I invite you
32:49in case one day
32:49because it's been years
32:50that I chase
32:51that video
32:52if I get it
32:53to come back here
32:53and we talk about it
32:54watching the video
32:56original
32:56because it's very exciting
32:58because actually
32:59the red shirts
33:00in that match
33:01it was an act
33:02of provocation
33:03much more important
33:05that that
33:06to withdraw
33:08get angry
33:08at home
33:11she
33:12he saw her
33:13magazine
33:14that game?
33:16I saw her
33:17at the time
33:17I was a child
33:18and then
33:19I relived myself
33:20some pieces
33:21why television
33:22he was in the black bank
33:22so no one
33:23could see
33:24then it wasn't exactly
33:25live
33:26there too
33:26for questions
33:28because there was
33:28this
33:29Truly
33:30ridiculous
33:32conspiracy
33:33upon their return
33:34in Italy
33:35not to give
33:36the news
33:37minimize
33:38to pretend
33:38not at all
33:39why us
33:40we didn't remember
33:41one thing
33:41which was
33:42the party
33:43Communist
33:43Chilean
33:44from clandestinity
33:46to filter
33:48the arrangement
33:50that for them
33:51it was better
33:52if that game
33:53Italy
33:53he played it
33:54vague
33:55that too
33:56no in the sense
33:57that the party
33:58Communist
33:58until December 4th
34:00he also asks a question
34:01parliamentarian
34:01against
34:02the journey
34:03in Santiago
34:04then precisely
34:05the contact
34:06it seems that it was
34:07at a high level
34:08why exactly
34:09the secretary
34:10of the party
34:11Communist
34:11Chilean
34:11Luis Corvalan
34:12who was in prison
34:13he leaked
34:15the news
34:16from prison
34:17through
34:18of the militants
34:19up to Berlinguer
34:19that they
34:20they would have preferred
34:21and they changed
34:22but publicly
34:23attitude
34:24Pirastu on TV
34:25in a broadcast
34:26Rai
34:27he made it clear
34:27that the PC
34:28had changed
34:30but
34:31once won
34:32the Davis Cup
34:33everyone a little
34:34they didn't want to
34:35reopen
34:36the case
34:37the case
34:38two months
34:39of clashes
34:39of controversy
34:40that divided
34:41then also
34:41public opinion
34:42left
34:43because then
34:44many came down
34:45in the square
34:45against
34:46the journey
34:48in Chile
34:49but then
34:50many
34:51who were passionate
34:51of tennis
34:52and that year
34:53with Panatta
34:53which was
34:54the maximum
34:55of its shape
34:55win the Davis Cup
34:56it's not a thing
34:57recently
34:58so how to say
34:59Berlinguer
34:59and the others
35:00politicians
35:01they realized
35:02which in reality
35:04this fact
35:05it was divisive
35:05and that
35:08was crossing
35:09transversally
35:10the Italian company
35:12and then
35:12no emphasis was given
35:14so as not to
35:16even not contradicting oneself
35:17because then
35:18as we have seen
35:18Straw hat
35:19Richard Lombardi
35:21for the PSI
35:22they had come down
35:22in the squares
35:23they had spoken
35:24In short
35:24how to say
35:25it was a denial
35:26you three
35:27that you studied
35:29this case
35:31you noticed it
35:32you too
35:33this tone
35:34warm
35:35on the way back
35:36speak once
35:37Stefano Palermo
35:39No
35:40I didn't notice it
35:42she
35:43Carolina Germini
35:44the same
35:45the same
35:45Panatta
35:46context
35:47the fact
35:47that the newspapers
35:49they didn't catch it
35:50In the
35:51that gesture
35:52to wear
35:53the red shirt
35:54a message
35:55of protest
35:56she
35:58Francesca
35:58Fanelli
35:59Me too
36:00so much so that
36:01still anyway
36:02it's not that
36:03let's give it
36:04so much emphasis
36:05Certain
36:05because it's a thing
36:06but then
36:06because she
36:07Instead
36:08it is not
36:09amazed
36:10Stefano Palermo
36:11but why
36:12I believe first of all
36:14that tennis
36:15if it weren't for sport
36:16Italian national team
36:17at least
36:18they were all
36:19concentrates
36:20about the matches
36:21of football
36:22but he followed
36:23the Davis Cup
36:24even now
36:25On the contrary
36:26more and more
36:28gets great ratings
36:29on television
36:31Certain
36:31it's not like football
36:32but that one
36:33it was a case
36:34political
36:34because I believe
36:36That
36:36the indignation
36:38to participate
36:39to
36:39participate
36:40a game
36:41inside a stadium
36:42where before
36:43had been used
36:45almost like a field
36:45of concentration
36:46a nearby stadium
36:47let's say
36:47True
36:48professor
36:48it wasn't exactly
36:51the stadium
36:51or anyway
36:52was bigger
36:53as compared to
36:54I'm very interested
36:55what she
36:56says Palermo
36:57why this
36:58proves that
36:58in conclusion
37:00I'm not saying it is
37:01a wound
37:02still open
37:03but
37:03it's still there now
37:05a little embarrassment
37:06to speak
37:06of that
37:07cerebrum
37:08match
37:09Davis Cup
37:10she
37:11she too
37:12he studied it
37:13it turns out to you
37:14that everyone
37:14they know her
37:15the memory
37:17of the community
37:18sporty
37:19aside
37:19the sick
37:20of tennis
37:21but the community
37:22Like this
37:23that is remembered
37:24the facts
37:25of those years
37:25he remembers
37:27which was
37:27a fact
37:29speech
37:30controversial fact
37:31and according to her
37:32they changed
37:34opinion
37:35those who
37:35At that time
37:36they demonstrated
37:38against
37:39I would not know
37:40Perhaps
37:41a bit
37:41a bit
37:42of people
37:42Yes
37:43yes they are
37:43realized
37:44which in reality
37:44it was given
37:45a small one
37:46slap
37:47to Pinochet
37:47more winning
37:48in Santiago
37:49the Davis Cup
37:50rather
37:51that not
37:52not participated
37:53he told me
37:53who was a child
37:53how old was he?
37:54in 76
37:5510 years
37:56I can't do it
37:58ask
37:58one of his
37:59opinion
38:00but I can
38:01ask
38:01as always
38:02we do
38:03in the end
38:04of this
38:04transmission
38:05a book
38:06some books
38:07for someone
38:08that I want
38:09go into detail
38:10this story
38:11Truly
38:11Extremely beautiful
38:12Well
38:13there is a book
38:14of Crestodina
38:15which came out
38:16Dario Crestodina
38:18precisely
38:18on this
38:19story
38:20and then
38:21there is
38:22a movie
38:23documentary
38:24by Mimmo Calopresti
38:25which is precisely
38:26on the red shirts
38:28a movie
38:28six years ago
38:30if I'm not mistaken
38:31in which he collects
38:33then the testimony
38:34by Panatta
38:34but he succeeded
38:35to find
38:36some fragments
38:37in color
38:38some red shirts?
38:39there is a fragment
38:41where they play
38:42with the red shirt
38:43but I don't know
38:44if they colored it
38:45or if
38:45it's live
38:47but the Rai
38:48actually
38:48at that time
38:49many programs
38:50they were already there
38:51in color
38:52Therefore
38:5276
38:53Anyway
38:54I declare
38:55my envy
38:56for Mimmo Calopresti
38:58I thank you
38:59the professor
39:00Armando Taviani
39:01I also thank you
39:03Stefano Palermo
39:04Carolina Germini
39:06and Francesca
39:07Fanelli
39:15he says it right
39:16Armando Taviani
39:18the decision
39:19to take part
39:20at that match
39:22of tennis
39:22she was very brave
39:25somehow
39:26our
39:27our team
39:28the team
39:29put on
39:29by Nicola Pietrangeli
39:31it was
39:31a decision
39:33solitary
39:34difficult
39:34almost all
39:36or they didn't want to
39:37participate
39:38or they wanted
39:40to stay out
39:41don't give an answer
39:42clear
39:43and for this
39:44that today
39:44it must be recognized
39:45to Adriano Panatta
39:46the merit
39:48of having taken
39:48he was very young
39:49at the time
39:50of having taken
39:51that decision
39:52have cut the knot
39:54to have worn
39:55that red shirt
39:56protest sign
39:57and having fought
39:58that match
39:59not only
40:00because he felt
40:01to be able to win it
40:02how he won it then
40:03but why
40:05he knew
40:06he was aware
40:07of the fact
40:07That
40:07that was
40:09a defeat
40:10for Pinochet
40:11greater
40:12of that
40:13that it would have been
40:14to retreat
40:15in another
40:16Aventine
40:17Aventine
40:20Aventine
40:21Aventine
40:32Aventine
40:33Aventine
40:34Aventine
40:35Aventine
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