00:00Hello, how are you? Good morning.
00:03I've been... this is the fourth day, I think.
00:06I've been telling a Chilean story
00:09of a Chilean president
00:13He is not only him, but he is the archetype of other presidents who have existed in other countries.
00:18that brought such an incredible amount of development, progress, to our country.
00:25However, he was attacked.
00:27He was attacked.
00:28In this case, he confronted the British powers.
00:32from a person who made a lot of money from saltpeter.
00:36Okay, so let's get to the story as follows.
00:40John Nord had come here to meet with the president; he brought him some gifts.
00:45The president did not accept those gifts.
00:47This king of saltpeter left, but before he did, he stopped by Chile.
00:51and he met a Mr. Walker Martinez, here at the Santa Sofia ranch,
00:56what was the Florida commune, and he left it in the care of...
00:59who was a member of parliament, in fact.
01:01He left him in charge of his media businesses, which consisted of turning the entire press against him.
01:11Publicly in Congress they accused him of being crazy, that he was insane, and a spendthrift madman.
01:17because he was spending Chile's money on building bridges, on building schools,
01:25in making telegraphs, in building trains to connect Chile with Argentina, and things like that.
01:32And the strangest thing he did was that in the south he joined up with all the Mapuche people who were...
01:40They were with Chile, let's say, they were part of Chile, and he gave them 10 hectares, 10 hectares
01:50to each of those Mapuche who were subordinate, so that they would have their place, their resource.
01:58They found that extremely strange.
01:59Well, that happened here in Chile, and on the other hand they started to...
02:06not only the press, but also...
02:09Congress and the Church...
02:13and the Church controlled the Conservative Party, to be against it.
02:17I remind you that Balmaceda said it was not right for the Church to be in charge
02:22to register newborns, marriages, and the deceased,
02:26because it only registered newborns, marriages, and deceased persons who were Catholic.
02:32If you were born out of wedlock, you were an NN, you had never existed for the Church.
02:41That's what my great-uncle, Francisco de Paula Taforó, was doing; he was actually the son of the Marquis of La Plata.
02:50He was his son with his mother, they couldn't get married, well, anyway.
02:56So the Church turned around and dragged the entire Conservative Party along with it.
03:02But, like this John North, who had bought a palace, who threw parties,
03:07where the princes of England were going to be,
03:11and made him a member and master of the Freemasons,
03:15It mobilized the entire British Freemasonry, the head of the Chilean Freemasonry,
03:21So the radical party, a mainly Freemason party, also turned against him.
03:27And also some liberals who were not well organized,
03:31who did business with England at that time, we're talking about the end of the 19th century,
03:35There were 18,000 British people in Chile, who were not on vacation, they were doing business here.
03:41Anyway, that's what was happening in Chile, and meanwhile the nitrate king, John North, was in England,
03:52He secured the support of the Crown, he secured the support of The Times, the Financial Times,
03:59and a lot of international newspapers where they talked about this crazy dictator.
04:05He was a dictator, because he was doing what he wanted, not what the people wanted.
04:11And the entire press began to turn against them.
04:14The ambassador of England to Chile, consulted by Queen Victoria,
04:19He said yes, no, that this guy was crazy, that he was doing strange things.
04:24I'm going to give you an example of what strange things.
04:29In these stories I have mentioned that, strangely, in this new generation,
04:35My friend Diego, I have a great friend, Diego Vergara Lira,
04:39His great-grandfather was Balmaceda's finance minister, the one who said, "Okay, let's just do it."
04:45And my grandfather was his head of bodyguards.
04:50Well, and my friend Diego's mother tells me that, back in the 20th century, just now,
05:01She lived on her farm in Marchigüe; her father donated 300 hectares to his tenants.
05:10To the people who worked with him, he said, "I want you to have your own land."
05:15And he gave it to her.
05:18And there was a project to build a small school, and they built it in a sacristy, in a church,
05:24In the back, they put some small tables and other things.
05:27to teach all children to read and write.
05:30Because there was no education that reached them in those places, in those remote fields, in quotes.
05:38And a friend of my friend's family, whose last name is Rasuris, who is the
05:46father of Fra Rasuris,
05:48who was a famous Chilean politician, centrist, he said.
05:53I'm not saying she's a bad person or a good person, I think she's an excellent person.
05:57He provides work for many people with his business.
05:59But his father told the father of my friend, Polita Lira, the mother of my best friend.
06:07friend,
06:08He told her it was a mistake, it was a mistake to educate people from the countryside,
06:16because it would be more difficult to control them.
06:20I repeat, it was a mistake, it was a mistake to educate the people in the countryside, because it would make them more difficult to control.
06:28That's what he told her.
06:31Now, it's not that he was like that and said these atrocities that can be for us.
06:37He is verbalizing a way of thinking.
06:42From a time, from a group of people who control the planet.
06:47But that way of thinking doesn't even come from them.
06:50It's not like they got together, listen, we're the richest people on the planet, let's not educate the people.
06:55No.
06:58It comes from the golden age, from the time of the gods, when...
07:05A god said, I will bring fire to men so that they may know what fire is and
07:11become illuminated and can make metals.
07:15Start using this element.
07:20This god is called Prometheus and he caused a revolution among the gods by saying,
07:26Hey, but how are you going to teach human beings these things?
07:28Human beings are not prepared; they will use it for evil.
07:34In the end.
07:35That same ancient way of thinking has manifested itself up to the present day.
07:40And they accused this president of being crazy for educating people.
07:46For giving land to the Mapuche people.
07:48Things that now sound even, hey, that's great.
07:51But at that time it wasn't like that.
07:54Good.
07:55The ambassador said that, from England in Chile, he said yes, that the president was crazy.
08:01But apart from those things the press said, that he was anti-British
08:06and he was very pro-German.
08:08I remind you that he began to encourage immigration,
08:13that a foreigner would come, selected from Germany, from Belgium, from Switzerland, to southern Chile.
08:23He was accused of being anti-British, as there were 18,000 British citizens here.
08:28That gave them the excuse to send warships to us.
08:32They already came out at that moment, because that's how they are, the pieces are moved beforehand.
08:36No war has been declared, but it already has been.
08:40They sent these ships, which took months to travel,
08:43They sent him to Chile.
08:44And meanwhile in the north, in Tarapacá, where all the riches of saltpeter were located,
08:48Weapons began to be imported.
08:52He had not declared any war.
08:54But this moves like a chess game.
08:57I can't wait for war to be declared on me to prepare.
09:00I am prepared for war.
09:04Well, and the chess pieces moved in that way,
09:11And everything was set up for an arms race.
09:17Meanwhile, at the Santa Sofía estate, owned by Carlos Walker Martínez,
09:24All of Balmaceda's enemies gathered there.
09:28Basically, we could say that Congress also started to obstruct it,
09:36because most of the congressmen opposed everything he said.
09:40They were even thinking, how do we get it out?
09:43How do we stop him from being president?
09:44And there was no way.
09:48In fact, today it is considered that what was happening with Congress
09:52It was that there was a man, who was the right arm,
09:57John North's lawyer, Julio Segers,
10:03And he is known to have bribed Congress.
10:08He had financed them.
10:11They say, no, don't worry, if they stop being congressmen, don't fret.
10:15We will support them here; this government will be in power for a while, and they will return here.
10:20There was a very strange scheme.
10:23In fact, there is a Chilean historian,
10:25National History Prize,
10:29whom I admire,
10:31Gabriel Salazar,
10:32which says that for now
10:35that the Congress was here
10:36with this Walker Martinez there
10:39saying that the president was crazy,
10:40John North was in England
10:43speaking with the government,
10:44Today they are against the British.
10:46Just as the ambassador said,
10:48Meanwhile there were three bankers
10:51Chileans
10:51of Jewish descent,
10:53I'm going to emphasize this,
10:55because I believe that Jews are our brothers,
10:57The main leader is Jewish.
10:59But there are also sects among them.
11:01Well, there's a sect that actually believes
11:03that the world belongs to them
11:04And they are behind all governments
11:05and they do what they want.
11:06That's true, it has to be said.
11:09There are sects in all human groups.
11:12Well, there's a sect of these people,
11:16There were three bankers,
11:18who were Ross,
11:20Mate and Edwards,
11:21that from France
11:24They were also supporting
11:25this budding revolution,
11:28that was brewing,
11:29moving large amounts of capital
11:31for the opposition in Chile.
11:35That's how things were.
11:37Everyone against Balmaceda.
11:40This happened in 1890.
11:43We are already on the verge of war,
11:45I believe that tomorrow,
11:46with the final chapter of this saga,
11:49I'll tell you what happened with the war.
11:52Good,
11:52for all fellow countrymen
11:55so they know what has happened in our country,
11:57the most brilliant president
11:59that it has had in history
12:00in our country,
12:01His name is Balmaceda,
12:03in three years
12:05He did what no one else had done
12:07throughout history
12:09of the Republic of Chile,
12:11nobody.
12:13More than a thousand kilometers of road,
12:16bridge,
12:17among them the Mayeco viaduct,
12:19the French front page,
12:20telegraphs,
12:21trains everywhere,
12:22trains to Argentina,
12:24schools for all
12:25and the German model
12:26It's the school.
12:28At least one excellent high school,
12:30to name a few things,
12:31went to school
12:34military,
12:35the Navy school,
12:37the medical school
12:38from the University of Chile
12:39and others,
12:40a lot of hospitals,
12:42schools,
12:44all.
12:44And well,
12:46and that the country's administration
12:47of all things,
12:48civilians,
12:49marriage and all,
12:50I was not in the Church,
12:51if it were in our hands,
12:54because they were writing things down
12:55only those who were Catholic.
12:56And finally,
12:58which declared war on him
12:59It was that Chile had a wealth
13:01which was saltpeter
13:02what he was doing
13:02than the dead land,
13:05any barren land,
13:06sterile,
13:07it will be transformed into a paradise
13:09which is called saltpeter,
13:11that it wasn't all
13:12of the English.
13:14That had to be too
13:15to be from Chile,
13:16Chileans could have
13:17his things there
13:18to be a prosperous state.
13:20And that was the last straw.
13:21that overflowed the cup
13:22for these foreign interests.
13:25And joining
13:26the British crown,
13:27Freemasonry,
13:28the press,
13:29the church,
13:30the local landowners,
13:32the local British,
13:34Well,
13:34and all these people
13:35which said that,
13:36Hey, no,
13:36because there's no need to educate
13:37to the people,
13:39they turned against him
13:41And the war began.
13:42good,
13:44It will be until tomorrow.
13:46dear friends.
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