00:00Most knowledgeable observers believe that we are at the beginning of the most profound
00:08technological revolution in world history.
00:13A revolution that will bring unimaginable changes to our society in the months and years
00:22ahead.
00:22The scale, scope and speed of this transformation will be unprecedented.
00:32According to Demas Hassabis, who is the head of Google DeepMind, the AI revolution will
00:40be ten times, ten times bigger than the industrial revolution and ten times faster.
00:48In other words, this technological revolution could have one hundred times the impact of
00:58the industrial revolution.
01:00And it's not just what AI companies are saying, it's what they are doing.
01:08Over the course of this year, four major AI companies are expected to spend almost 700
01:17billion dollars building data centers and tens of billions more on research and development.
01:25That is equivalent to what we spent on the entire Manhattan project which built the atom bomb
01:35during World War II every three weeks.
01:41That's the magnitude of what these guys are spending.
01:45We are already starting to see AI's impact.
01:50There are estimates from very credible sources that tens of millions of jobs could be lost
01:58here in the United States in the next ten years.
02:02Whole professions wiped out and young people finding it harder and harder to land entry level
02:11jobs.
02:13Psychologists worry about the mental health challenges facing our young people and about
02:20the increased isolation they experience when they become more and more dependent on AI
02:28chatbots for their emotional support.
02:32Civil libertarians tell us that AI will be able to analyze every email, every text, every phone
02:43call, every website visit, every purchase that we make, and that our privacy rights may well
02:52be eviscerated.
02:54Political scientists worry that AI could threaten the integrity of our elections and political
03:00institutions where voters will find it increasingly difficult to tell the difference between truth
03:08and lies.
03:10And yet, as enormously significant as all of these profound changes might seem, there is another
03:20AI development that could have an even more frightening impact.
03:25impact.
03:25If AI becomes smarter than human beings, as many scientists believe will happen, the human race
03:34could lose control over this technology with catastrophic consequences.
03:41In other words, the richest, most powerful people in the world are now building a runaway train
03:49with no brakes.
03:52They acknowledge that they don't understand how it works, and they don't know where it is heading.
04:01And that is not just Bernie Sanders talking.
04:05Just a few days ago, right here in the U.S. Senate, ex-OpenAI board member Helen Toner said,
04:12and I quote, AI companies are deadly serious about building machines that will outperform humans
04:20at everything, and deadly serious that they don't know if they'll be able to control the machines
04:29they create.
04:31Yahshua Bengio, the most sighted living scientist in the world, says, quote, we are playing with
04:39fire, and we still don't know how to make sure the machines won't turn against us, end quote.
04:47Jeffrey Hinton, the Nobel Prize winner, and the godfather of AI, says there is a, quote,
04:5510 to 20 percent chance for AI to wipe us out, end quote.
05:01Andrew Yao, the Turing Award winner, says AI could pose existential risks to humanity, quote,
05:10once large models become sufficiently intelligent, they will deceive people, end quote.
05:18David Sachs, a top White House AI advisor, said in a now-deleted tweet, quote,
05:25quote, AI is a wonderful tool for the betterment of humanity.
05:29AGI, artificial general intelligence, is a potential successor species, end quote.
05:37In 2023, more than a thousand leading AI experts, including people like Elon Musk, signed a letter
05:47warning that, quote, contemporary AI systems are now becoming human competitive at general tasks,
05:56and we must ask ourselves, should we let machines flood our information channels with propaganda
06:04and untruth? Should we automate away all the jobs, including the fulfilling ones?
06:10And most importantly, should we develop non-human minds that might eventually outnumber, outsmart, obsolete, and replace us?
06:22Should we risk loss of control of our civilization? End quote.
06:30Those same experts call for AI labs to, quote, immediately pause for at least six months, end quote,
06:38quote, and if such a pause were not enacted, called on governments to, quote,
06:45step in and institute a moratorium, end quote.
06:48Also, that year, that same year, hundreds of researchers, this time joined by the CEOs of the major AI companies,
06:57including Sam Altman of OpenAI, Dario Amodai of Anthropic, and Dennis Hassabis of Google DeepMind,
07:05issued a very simple joint statement. It is one sentence long, but its implication is profound.
07:14Mitigating the risk of extinction from AI, let me repeat that.
07:21Mitigating the risk of extinction from AI should be a global priority alongside other societal scale risks,
07:29such as pandemics and nuclear war, end quote.
07:33These concerns have been around for years and are only growing.
07:38Given the fact that leading scientists all over the world are telling us about the existential threat posed by AI,
07:45one might think that the United States government and governments all over the world would make this a top, top
07:55priority.
07:56One might think that given the risk of extinction that people are talking about,
08:02there would have been a pause on AI development as we figured out how to make this technology safe,
08:11how to make this technology serve humanity, not threaten our very existence.
08:17Has that happened? No, it has not.
08:39I'm a member of the United States Senate, and I can tell you unequivocally that there has been no serious
08:47discussion about this existential threat.
08:50Bottom line, what I believe and what I suspect that most people in the United States, China, and around the
08:58world believe,
08:59is that we need international cooperation between the nations of the world to prevent the possibility of a cataclysmic development.
09:09We need to cooperate. We need dialogue.
09:13And that is why I am delighted to have some of the leading AI scientists here in the United States
09:20and in China joining me this evening.
09:23All of them have spent years studying artificial intelligence and the risks this revolutionary technology presents.
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